初中英語中考復(fù)習 2022年精選中考考前語法專項突擊16講-3 時態(tài)之完成時：現(xiàn)在完成時

grammar:ThePresentPerfectTense結(jié)構(gòu)have/has+done(過去分詞)助動詞1.表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成影響。定義already已經(jīng)yet還；已經(jīng)just剛剛Ihavejustdrunkaglassofjuice.→Idon’twanttodrinkanythingnow.ButIhaven’thaddinner

yet.Ihavealreadydrunkaglassofjuice.→Iamhungrynow.影響：現(xiàn)在不渴了，不想喝影響：現(xiàn)在餓了justalreadyyetIhavejustdrunkaglassofjuice.ButIhaven'thaddinneryet.Ihavealreadydrunkaglassofjuice.肯定句否、疑用already或yet填空。(1)Mostofushavefinishedourcompositions_______.(2)Hehasn’tvisitedtheexhibition_______.(3)—Havetheytakendowntheoldpictures_______?—No,theyhaven’t.alreadyyetyetalready→肯定句；yet

→否定/疑問句；句中/句末句末2.過去某時到現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)歷。定義ever曾經(jīng)never從不once;twice次數(shù)sofar到目前為止recently最近inthelastfewdays在過去幾天HasLiJianjianeverhadhot-pot?LiJianjianhasneverhadhot-pot.LiJianjianhashadhot-potrecently.LiJianjianhashadhot-potsofar.LiJianjianhashadhot-pottwice.LiJianjianhashadhot-potinthelastfewdays.everneverrecentlysofartwiceinthelastfewdays我們城市的公共交通系統(tǒng)這幾年改善了很多。Thepublictransportsysteminourcity______________alotinthepastfewyears.improvedhas—Whydon’tyougotothemoviewithus?—Oh,I_______ittwice.A.haveseen B.saw C.seeA3.動作(延續(xù)性)發(fā)生在過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能持續(xù)到未來。定義forsinceTheyhavelivedtogetherformanyyears.Theyhavelivedtogethersincemanyyearsago.forsinceHowlonghavetheylivedtogether?howlongHowlongTheyhavelivedtogetherformanyyears.forTheyhavelivedtogethersincemanyyearsago.sinceforsince+一段時間+時間點Theyhavelivedtogethersincetheywereveryyoung.+一般過去時句子Myunclehasbeenadoctor________10yearsandmyaunthasbeenacoach________10yearsago.A.since;for B.for;since C.since;since D.for;forB現(xiàn)在分詞規(guī)則變化規(guī)則動詞原形過去式過去分詞

直+ed

去e+ed雙+ed改y為i+edworklivestopcryworked

worked

livedlivedstoppedstoppedcriedcriedhelphelped

helped

likelikedlikedplanplannedplannedstudystudiedstudied

一般動詞

不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾

以輔音+y結(jié)尾

重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾現(xiàn)在分詞不規(guī)則變化動詞原形過去式過去分詞A-A-AA-B-CA-B-AreadreadreadcutcutcutgrewgrowgrownwentgogonecamecomecomeranrunrunA-B-Bsellsoldsoldtaughtteachtaught寫出下列動詞的過去分詞形式。see_______plan_______like______know______buy_______play_______help_______worry_______seenlikedplannedknownboughtplayedhelpedworriedMylittlebrotherGeorgehasalready________(grow)muchtallerandstrongerthanheusedtobe.grownLily_______alot.She’snolongerthegirlsheusedtobe.A.changes B.changed C.haschanged D.willchangeCBill________________(learn)alotaboutChineseculturesincehecametoChina.haslearned句型轉(zhuǎn)換句子類別原形肯定句否定句一般疑問句回答特殊疑問句Shehasfinishedherhomework.主語+have/has+過去分詞(done)+其他.Shehasn’tfinishedherhomework.Has

shefinishedherhomework?主語+have/hasnot+過去分詞+其他.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主語+have/has.否定回答：No,主語+haven't/hasn't.特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他？Whathasshefinished?IhavebeentoHongkongbefore.(改為否定句)I________________________Hongkongbefore.haven’tbeentoHehascometoschool.(改為一般疑問句并做肯定和否定回答)________________________________________？________,________________.________,________________.HashecometoschoolYeshehasNohehasn’tgrammar:ThePresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時VS一般過去時Iwon’tgotoseethemovietonight,becauseI________myticket.A.lost B.havelostC.willlostD.didn’tlose現(xiàn)在完成時

1.過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。3.過去某時到現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)歷。1.過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2.過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作。上下兩句成因果當用現(xiàn)在完成時一般過去時2.過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。IwillreturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI

_____________(finish)readingit.havefinishedA:Hehasboughtalotofnovelsfor3years.瞬間動詞與延續(xù)性動詞B:Hehashadalotofnovelsfor3years.瞬間動詞用法：

不與含for,since等引導(dǎo)的一段時間連用。瞬間動詞Q:A和B哪個表達是正確的??瞬間動詞與延續(xù)性動詞找規(guī)律瞬間動詞延續(xù)性動詞瞬間動詞延續(xù)性動詞borrowkeepfallasleepbeasleepbuyhavecomebediebedeadstop/finishbeoverbegin/startbeonwakeupbeawakeleavebeawayopen/closebeopen/closedmarrybemarriedjoinbeamemberof/bein不買不借就放be借就存著買就有B:Hehashadalotofnovelsfor3years.A:Hehasboughtalotofnovelsfor3years.?C:Hehasborrowedsomenovelsfromthelibraryforaweek.D:Hehaskeptthenovelsforaweek.E:Thebughasdiedforalongtime.F:Thebughasbeendeadforalongtime.??判斷對錯

Iboughtthebooktwodaysago.(改為同義句)I

thebookfortwodays.havehad不買不借就放be借就存著買就有Myparents

(marry)for30years.havebeenmarried

不買不借就放be借就存著買就有Ifellasleeptwohoursago.→I

since

.havebeenasleeptwohoursago不買不借就放be借就存著買就有“have三兄弟”havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin去了沒回來去了回來了在某地待了多長時間有去必(been)有回剛(gone)去還沒回ThisisMissWangspeaking.IwanttospeaktoMary.She