2019-2021北京初一（下）期中英語(yǔ)匯編：詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用與語(yǔ)法

2019-2021北京初一(下)期中英語(yǔ)匯編

詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用與語(yǔ)法一.填空題(2019北京四中七年級(jí)期中)you；be；go；weigh；cheatTreatothersasyouwouldbetreatedTherewasonceafannerwholivedbesideabaker.Eachweek,thefarmerwouldsellapoundofbuttertothebakerandthebakerwouldsellthefarmerapoundofbread.This(1)onforsometime.Butoneday,thebakerwantedtoweighthebutterthatthefarmerhadsoldhim.Then,hefoundthatthebutterwasnotafullpound.Thebakerwasquiteangrywiththis.Hedecidedtotakethefarmertocourt.Afterthey(2)incourt,thejudgeaskedthefarmerifheweighedthebutterintherightway.Thefarmersaid,"Yourhonor,Idoweighmybutterintherightway,andIweighmybreadinthesameway.”Thejudgewascurious.nWhatdoyoumean,farmer?nheasked.Thefarmerreplied,HYourhonor,IhavebeenbuyingbreadfromthisbakerfbraslongasPvesoldhimbutter.EverytimeIbuybreadfromhim,Itakeithomeandputitonmyscale.Ithensellhimthesame(3)inbutter.Soifanyoneiswrong,itisthebaker.”Ifyougothroughlife(4)others,thenyoushouldnotbesurprisedwhenyouarecheated(5).(2019北京?北師大附中七年級(jí)期中)UsuallyIspendthesummerholidayathome,butthisyearisgoingtobe(1)(A.different；B.thesame)becauseI'mgoing(2)(A.on；B.in)asummercampinSydney,Australia.PmgoingtostaywithanAustralianfamilyandspeakEnglish.We!realsogoingsightseeingandgoingtohaveapicniconthebeach.(2019北京師大附中七年級(jí)期中)Thereisalotofpollution(污染)intheoceans.Maybeonedaytheoceans(1)(A.willbe；B.are)filledwithlitter.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch(太平洋垃圾帶)isanexample.Mostofthelitteristinypiecesofplastic.Thelitter(2)(A.float；B.floats)inthewater.TaylorandTinaareconcernedaboutpollutionintheocean.Everyonecandosomethingaboutit.Theycanuselessplasticandrecyclemore.(2019北京師大附中七年級(jí)期中)Acruiseshipisalargefloatingresort.Onacruiseship,youcanchooseasmall(1)(A.boat；B.bus)withjustafewpeopleoralargeshipwiththousands.Whenyouboardacruiseship,youcanenjoyacomfortableroom,greatmealsinseveraldifferentrestaurantsandmany(2)(A.activity；B.activities).BestofalLyoucangomanyplaces，andyouonlyhavetounpackonce.二.完形填空(共1小題).(2021北京四中七年級(jí)期中)compare(v.)；popular(adj.)；advantages(n.)；receive(v.)Onlineshoppingisquite(1)YoucanbuyalmosteverythingontheInternet,andifsveryeasy.First,youchoosesomethingandpayforit.Thenyou(2)itafewdayslaterbypost.Onlineshoppinghasseveral(3)Youcanshopatanytime.Theshopsarealwaysopen.Second,shoppingusuallytakesalotoftime.ButtoshopontheInternetyouonlyneedacomputerandamouse!Youcanalso(4)thepricesofthesameproductandspendless.三.詞匯應(yīng)用(共5小題).(2021北京四中七年級(jí)期中)relax(v.)；successful(adj)；time(n.)；lose(v.)；finish(v.)；plan(n.)Haveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“Youcangetmoneybackwithtimebutyoucantbe(1)backwithmoney?"Basically,thisissayingthatifyou(2)money,youwillhaveachancetoearnitback.However,ifyouwasteanhour,youcan'tgetitback.Thekeytovaluing(珍視)timeistomakeaplanfbreachday.Ifyoudon!tspendtimeonyour(3)youwillalwaysfindyourselfwastingtime.Sitdownwithapieceofpaperandlistoutwhatyouneedto(4)thatday.Thencreateatimetablefbryourselfandworkoutatwhattimeyoushouldbedonewitheachactivity.ltisalsoimportanttotakeamomenttoreviewhowproductive(富有成效的)youwere.Giveyourselfaminutetoreset-closeyoureyesand(5)andyouwillbeabletoeffectivelymoveon.Finally,whenyouhavefinishedwhatyouplanned,reflect(認(rèn)真思考)onhow(6)wereatstickingto(堅(jiān)持)yourplan..(2021北京四中七年級(jí)期中)remind；clean；build；expect；finish；use；few；convenientSkyscrapers(摩天大樓)andtrafficjamsareoftenseenintoday*sbigcities.Butwhatwillthecitiesofthefuturelooklike?Theywilllook"smarter"，foronething.Asmartcityisacitythatusesdigital(電子的)technology,suchas5Gnetworksandthe"Internetofthings**.Thesetechnologiescanimproveurbanplanning,savemoneyandresources(資源)andbringmore(1)toourlife.Forexample,byusingsensorsand5Gnetworkstochecktheusageofwater,gasandelectricity,wecanfindouthowtousetheseresourcesmoreefficiently.Imagineifwaterandgaspipes(管道)could(2)repairworkerswhenthereisaproblem,won'tthatbeagreatthing?Somecitiesaroundtheworldarealreadyusingsmarttechnologytoimprovepeopleslives.InBaltimore,US,smarttrashbinscansensehowfulltheyareandtellworkerswhentheyneedtobe(3)InAmsterdam,thereisreal-timetrafficdatacollectedfromsensorsaroundthecity.Thereare(4)trafficjamsthanbefore.InthecityofSongdoinSouthKorea,people'shomes,government(政府)buildingsandstreetsareall"online".Bysimplyswipingasmartcard,peoplecanopendoors,paybillsandchecktheirhealthrecords.Ofcourse，itwilltaketime(5)thesmartcitiesofthefuture.Butitwon*tbelonguntilmorecitiesjoinin.Itis(6)thatmorethan60percentoftheworld'spopulationwillliveinsmartcitiesby2050,accordingtoTechRepublic..(2019北京師大附中七年級(jí)期中)trytrainstrongstrangecareinterestBeingakidcanbehard,especiallywhenyoudon*thaveapermanent(穩(wěn)定的)home.ThisislifefbrBillyBatson.Hedoesn'tgetalongwellwithothers.Asaresult,hehaslivedwithmanyfosterfamilies.Hisnewestfamilyseemsnice,buthe'snot(1)inbeingfriendswithhisnew"siblings"(兄弟).ThoughBillymay(2)toseemlikeatoughteenager,deepdownhe(3)aboutthepeoplearoundhim.ThisbecomesclearwhenheseeshisfosterbrotherFreddybeingbulliedatschool.BillydefendsFreddy,sothebullieschaseafterhim.Billyescapesintothemetrosystem,onlytofindhimselfonamagical(4)!The"goodness"hedisplayedcaughttheattentionofa(5)manknownasTheWizard.TheWizardsaysthatBillyhastherighthearttobeasuperhero.Bysayingthename“Shazam”,Billyistransformedintoabeingas(6)asSuperman!.(2021北京十五中七年級(jí)期中)save(v.)；hour(n.)；future(n.)；freely(adv.)Therearesomerobotsinourdailylife.Robotscandoalotofthingsfbrhumans.Somerobotshelphumansdosomecleaningathome.Somerobotshelpworkersdodull(枯燥的)jobsinfactories.Therearealsosomerobotsthatcanhelpdoctorsinthehospital.Here*sanewkindofrobot.ltcanhelpto(1)peopleindangerinanearthquake(地震)!Therobothasfourfeetanditcanjumpandrun(2).Itmoveslikeacat.Therobotcanrun5kman(3)Wehopeitcanhelpmorepeopleinearthquakes.Wearesurethattherewillbemoreandmorerobotsinthe(4).10.(2021北京十五中七年級(jí)期中)trip(n.)；second(adv)；collect(v.)；hope(v.)；early(adv.)；take(v.)TheMayDayholidayiscoming.Iamgoingtoenjoymyself.Onthemorningof1stMay.Iplantogetup(1)andhelpmyfathercleanthecar.ThenPmgoingtohavebreakfastatseveno'clock.Afterthat,Iamgoingtotakea(2)tothebeachwithmyfamilybycar.First,Iamgoingtoplayvolleyballwithothertouristsonthebeach.(3)，Iamgoingtogofishingandboating.Myfatherisgoingto(4)lotsofphotosandheisalsogoingtogoboatingwithme.Whatismymothergoingtodo?Oh,Iguess(猜)sheisgoingtohelpmeto(5)someshells(貝殼).Andsheisalsogoingtodosomeexercise.Mysisterisgoingtodrawsomepicturesbecauseshe'sverygoodatit.I(6)wecanhaveagoodtime.參考答案1.【分析】本文講述了一位面包師長(zhǎng)期從他鄰居的一個(gè)農(nóng)民那兒購(gòu)買黃油.有一天，他覺(jué)得本應(yīng)是一磅重的一包黃油似乎太輕了點(diǎn).于是他開(kāi)始定期地稱一稱黃油，發(fā)現(xiàn)每次都是分量不足.他特別生氣，便開(kāi)始向執(zhí)法機(jī)關(guān)提出訴訟.這樣一來(lái)事情就鬧到了法官那里.農(nóng)民辯解說(shuō)，”每次我向他買面包，我都會(huì)把它帶回家，放在秤上，然后把同樣重量的黃油賣給他.如果稱不準(zhǔn)，那就不是我的過(guò)錯(cuò)，而是面包師的過(guò)錯(cuò)了這個(gè)故事闡明了做人要誠(chéng)實(shí)守信，如果你一生都在欺騙別人，那么當(dāng)你自己被欺騙時(shí)就不應(yīng)該感到驚訝了.【解答】1.went考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境”這種情況持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間"，考慮選擇動(dòng)詞g。，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)goon,意為"繼續(xù)”，由上下文推斷此處填過(guò)去式形式，故答案為went.were考查be動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境”他們出庭后，法官問(wèn)農(nóng)夫稱黃油的方法是否正確”，考慮選擇動(dòng)詞be,意為“是“，由主語(yǔ)they及下文asked推斷此處填過(guò)去式形式were,故答案為were.weight考查名詞.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境”每次我向他買面包，我都會(huì)把它帶回家，放在秤上，然后把同樣重量的黃油賣給他”，考慮選擇動(dòng)詞weigh,意為“稱重”，由空前的形容詞same推斷此處填名詞形式，意為“重量故答案為weight.cheating考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“如果你一生都在欺騙別人"，考慮選擇詞cheat,意為”欺騙Z由現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，推斷此處填-ing形式，故答案為cheating.yourself考查代詞.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“那么當(dāng)你自己被欺騙時(shí)就不應(yīng)該感到驚訝了“，考慮選擇代詞you,意為“仲,由句意推斷此處填反身代詞形式，故答案為yourself.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)短文選詞填空，需要考生先通讀全文了解大意，聯(lián)系上下文的語(yǔ)境選定詞根，再認(rèn)真分析并正確變換詞形，方能正確答題.2.【分析】作者今年要度過(guò)一個(gè)與往年不同的暑假，要去悉尼參加一個(gè)夏令營(yíng).【解答】1.A考查形容詞.根據(jù)句首表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but,可知這句話的意思應(yīng)該和前一句不一樣，因此這句話的意思應(yīng)該是"今年要有所不同”，所以應(yīng)該選擇形容詞different.故選A..A考查介詞.根據(jù)橫線后面的summercamp,可確定此處需要的介詞是on,goonasummercamp的意思是”去參加夏令營(yíng)”.故選A.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】弄清句意，結(jié)合句子的結(jié)構(gòu)及常用搭配來(lái)確定答案..【分析】海洋中有許多污染，也許將來(lái)的情況會(huì)更嚴(yán)重.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該行動(dòng)起來(lái)保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境.【解答】1.A考查動(dòng)詞.根據(jù)句首的Maybe,“可能”，推測(cè)這句話是對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)，因此應(yīng)該用一般將來(lái)時(shí).這句話的意思是”也許有一天海洋會(huì)充滿了垃圾”.故選A2.B考查動(dòng)詞.這句話的意思是“垃圾漂浮在水中根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容確定此處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Thelitter是不可數(shù)名詞，所以動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式.故選B【點(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則來(lái)確定動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).4.【分析】文章介紹了乘坐游輪旅游的好處，【解答】1.A考查名詞.橫線的后邊有alargeshipwiththousands,它前面是選擇連詞or,和他相對(duì)應(yīng)的另一個(gè)被選擇項(xiàng)目應(yīng)該是asmallboatwithjustafewpeople,所以應(yīng)該選擇A.這句話的意思是”你可以選擇只坐幾個(gè)人的小船，或者是坐幾千人的大船，故選A.2.B考查名詞.activity是可數(shù)名詞，它的前邊有修飾詞many,”許多”，所以要用復(fù)數(shù)形式.這句話的意思是“當(dāng)你登上游輪的時(shí)候，你可以享受舒適的房間，不同飯店里美味的食以及許多活動(dòng)”.故選B.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】充分利用句子當(dāng)中的信息、，語(yǔ)法規(guī)則來(lái)確定答案.二.完形填空5?【分析】短文大意對(duì)比網(wǎng)購(gòu)和現(xiàn)實(shí)購(gòu)物的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！窘獯稹?1)popular.考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意：網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物相當(dāng)流行。popular流行，放在be后作表語(yǔ)，故填popular。receive.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意：幾天后你就收到了。receive收到，故填receive。advantages.考查名詞。根據(jù)句意：網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物有幾個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)。several后面加名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填pare,考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意：你還可以比較同一產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格，減少開(kāi)支。can后面加動(dòng)詞原形，compare比較，故填compare?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)短文大意和語(yǔ)境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順，語(yǔ)法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整.注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式。三.詞匯應(yīng)用6?【分析】短文大意說(shuō)的是如何有效地利用時(shí)間?！窘獯稹?1)time.考查名詞。根據(jù)句意：你可以用時(shí)間找回金錢(qián)，但你不能用金錢(qián)找回時(shí)間。time,不可數(shù)名詞，故填timelose.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意：這就是說(shuō)，如果你賠了錢(qián)，你就有機(jī)會(huì)賺回來(lái)。lose丟失，故填loseplan.考查名詞。根據(jù)句意：如果你不把時(shí)間花在你的計(jì)劃上，你總會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。plan計(jì)劃，故填planfinish.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意：坐下來(lái)拿一張紙，列出當(dāng)天你需要完成的事情to+動(dòng)詞原形，finish完成，故填finishrelax.考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意：給自己一分鐘時(shí)間重新設(shè)定——閉上眼睛，放松，你就能有效地繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。relax放松，故填relaxsuccessful.考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意：最后，當(dāng)你完成了你的計(jì)劃，反思一下你在堅(jiān)持你的計(jì)劃方面有多成功。successful形容詞，成功的，故填successful【點(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)短文大意和語(yǔ)境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順，語(yǔ)法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整.注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式。7?【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了人們可利用數(shù)字技術(shù)建造智能城市，方便人們的生活?，F(xiàn)在一些城市已經(jīng)在使用智能技術(shù)，未來(lái)更多人將生活在智能城市里。【解答】(1)convenienceo考查名詞。根據(jù)句子Thesetechnologiescanimproveurbanplanning,savemoneyandresources這些技術(shù)可以改善城市規(guī)劃，節(jié)省資金和資源，可推知后半句為：也能給我們的生活帶來(lái)便利。比較級(jí)more后加名詞，convenient的名詞形式是convenienceo故答案為：convenienceoremindo考查動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could后需跟動(dòng)詞原形。根據(jù)上下文可推測(cè)句意：如果有問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，水管和燃?xì)夤苣軌蛱嵝研蘩砉?，這難道不是很好的事嗎？故答案為：remind。cleanedo考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。詞組needtobedone表示"需要被……”，等同于needdoing。句意：在美國(guó)的巴爾的摩,垃圾桶可以感知自己有多滿，然后告訴工作者它們需要被清理。故答案為cleaned。fewero考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)句中的than可知要用比較級(jí)，trafflcejams為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前文可知：在阿姆斯特丹大家可以看到實(shí)時(shí)交通信息，推測(cè)句意應(yīng)為：交通堵塞比之前少。因此用few的比較級(jí)。故答案為：fewerotobuildo考查動(dòng)詞。句中smartcity前缺少動(dòng)詞，因此應(yīng)用buildo根據(jù)句型itwilltaketimetodosth.做某事要花時(shí)間，可知句意應(yīng)該是：建立未來(lái)智能城市需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間。故答案為：t。build。expectedo考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)上下文可推測(cè)句意為：到2050年全世界60%的人口將生活在智能城市里。Itis...that句型中"…”部分為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，動(dòng)詞expect意為“期待”，符合要求。Itisexpectedthat意為"預(yù)計(jì)"。故答案為：expectedo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】根據(jù)短文大意和語(yǔ)境選擇合適的單詞，并用其正確的形式填入空白處，使補(bǔ)全后的短文意思通順，語(yǔ)法正確，結(jié)構(gòu)完整.注意單詞的適當(dāng)形式。8?【分析】本文講述Billy在幫助他的哥哥Freddy以后的一個(gè)奇特經(jīng)歷.【解答】1.interested考查形容詞.根據(jù)句中的is以及介詞in可以看出，應(yīng)該選擇名詞interest,并變成形容詞interested,從而構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)beinterestedin,意思是“對(duì)???感興趣”.這句話的意思是"但是他對(duì)于與他的新兄弟們做朋友沒(méi)有什么興趣”.故答案為interested.try考查動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)橫線前邊的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may以及后邊的動(dòng)詞不定式toseem確定，此處要填些動(dòng)詞.因此，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)確定此處答案為try.trytodosth的意思是"試圖做某事”，放在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面用動(dòng)詞原形.故答案為try.cares考查動(dòng)詞.所填單詞處在主語(yǔ)he的后邊，所以應(yīng)該是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境以及橫線后邊的about,可知此處應(yīng)該選擇動(dòng)詞care.根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)，可知主句應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是he,所以動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式.整個(gè)這句話的意思是“盡管B