2022北京八十中高三三模英語（教師版）

2022北京八十中高三三模英語第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Whenourrestaurantbusinessfailed,weheadednorthinacampingtrucktoTexas,hopingtohavea"freshstart”.AttheentranceofPaloDuroCanyon（峽谷）StatePark,I1ajobadvertisementhiringparkhosts.Thepositionoffereda2permanentcampsiteinthepark,and3thehostsservedasalinkbetweenthepark'sguestsandtherangers（護(hù)林人）.Itwastheperfectsolution:arent-freeplacetoreorganizeourlives.WeenteredtheparkandImadean4forthefollowingday.Theparkwas5.soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.Thatevening,aswefinishedourdinner,mywifesawtwolargeskunks（臭鼬）walkingtowardourtable.Weimmediatelyclimbedontothetableand,forthenextfourhours,waitedfor（hemtoleaveourcamp.Havingsurvivedthatnightwewere6thateverythingelsewouldbeallright.Thenextdaywemetwiththepeoplewhoranthepark.Theyexplainedour7andgaveusabeautifulcampsite.Thatevening,8.welearnedaboutthecanyon9Theywerestrongandcold,rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently,andwelayshakinginthedarkuntilthewindsdiedaway.Livinginthe（iny（ruckwithnotelevision,wesatclosetogetherreadingandtalking.Oneevening,standingunderajeweledsky,Ifoundmyself10forallthehardships.Wehadwalkedthetrailsandclimbedthecanyonwalls.Wehadbecomeafamily!1.A.sponsoredB.publishedC.noticedD.answered2.A.safeB.freeC.convenienlD.beautiful3.A.inreturnB.intimeC.inshortD.inturn4.A.attemptB.agreementC.appealD.appoinlmenl5.A.crowdedB.dangerousC.idealD.quiet6.A.satisfiedB.determinedC.confidentD.aware7.A.responsibilitiesB.requirementsC.circumstancesD.conditions8.A.moreoverB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.however9.A.snowsB.windsC.woodsD.trails10.A.desperateB.panicC.suitableD.thankful第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Chinesedancer-choreographerLiuYaifsonstagejoumeystartedwhenshewasalittlegirl.Atage10.Liustoodoutamongherpeersand11（admit）intothemiddleschoolaffiliatedtotheBeijingDanceAcademy.Beforeshelefther第一段“Whenourrestaurantbusiness（ailed,weheadednorthinacampingtrucktoTexas,hopingtohaveaAfreshstart,,,,,nj知，作者生意失敗了，想要重新開始，找到新工作，所以此處指作者注意到一則招聘廣告。故選C。2題詳解】考杳形容詞詞義辨析。句意：該職位提供了公園內(nèi)一個免費永久營地，作為回報，主人充當(dāng)了公園游客和管理員之間的聯(lián)系。A.safe安全的；B.free免費的;C.convenient方便的；D.beautiful漂亮的。根據(jù)“Itwastheperfectsolution:arent-freeplacetoreorganizeourlives.”可知，這個職位能提供免費的居住地。故選B?！?題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：該職位提供了公園內(nèi)一個免費的永久營地，作為回報，主人充當(dāng)了公園游客和管理員之間的聯(lián)系。A.inreturn作為回報；B.intime及時；C.inshort簡而言之；D.inturn輪流。根據(jù)"thehostsservedasalinkbetweenthepark'sguestsandtherangers（護(hù)林人）.”“1知，這個職位能提供免費的永久居住地，同時，作為回報，看護(hù)人也要充當(dāng)游客和護(hù)林員之間的紐帶。故選A?！?題詳解】考杳名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們進(jìn)入了公園，我預(yù)約了第二天的時間。A.atlempi試圖；B.agreement同意；C.appeal呼吁；B.appointment約定。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thenextdaywemetwiththepeoplewhoranthepark.“可知，作者與招聘人員約好第二天見面。故選D。5題詳解】考杳形容詞詞義辨析。句意：公園里人很多，我們花了一些時間才找到空地。A.crowded擁擠的；B.dangerous危險的；C.ideal理想的；D.quiet安靜的。根據(jù)“soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.”可知，公園里人很多，很擁擠，所以花了一些時間才找到一塊空地。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那晚我們活了下來，我們相信一切都會好起來的。A.satisfied滿意的；B.determined有決心的;C.confident自信的;D.aware意識到的。根據(jù)"thateverythingelsewouldbeallright."可知，"我”們有信心這件事之后，其他-■切都會很順利。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們向我們說明了我的工作職責(zé)，并給了我們一個漂亮的營地。A.responsibilities任；B.requirements要求；C.circumstances情況；D.conditions條件。根據(jù)，4Theyexplainedour7andgaveusabeaulifulcampsite.”可知，他們給了“我”們居住的地方，說明他們同意作者做這份工作，所以要向作者說明這份工作的職責(zé)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那天晚上，我們了解到了峽谷里的風(fēng)。A.moreover而且；B.therefore因此；C.meanwhile同時;D.however然而。根據(jù)“Theywerestrongandcold,rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently,andwelayshakinginthedarkuntilthewindsdiedaway.”可知，峽谷里的風(fēng)又大又冷，這是“我”們沒有預(yù)料到的，和上文提到的“abeauli「ulcampsite”形成了對比，所以此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D?！?題詳解】考克名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那天晚上，我們了解到了峽谷里的風(fēng)。A.snows雪；B.winds風(fēng)；C.woods森林；Derails足跡。根據(jù)"untilthewindsdiedaway.”可知，此處指峽谷的風(fēng)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，站在璀璨的星空卜，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很感激所有的艱辛。A.desperate絕望的；B.panic恐慌的；C.suitable合適的；D.thankful感謝的。根據(jù)"Wehadwalkedthetrailsandclimbedthecanyonwalls.Wehadbecomeafamily!”可知，作者雖然生意失敗了，但是現(xiàn)在有時間和家人在一起，現(xiàn)在“我”們是真正的一家人，所以說作者感謝經(jīng)歷的這些苦難。故選D。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Chinesedanccr-chorcographcrLiuYan'sonstagejourneystartedwhenshewasalittlegirl.Atage10,Liustoodoutamongherpeersand11(admit)intothemiddleschoolaffiliatedtotheBeijingDanceAcademy.BeforesheleftherhometownintheInnerMongoliaautonomousregion,herfather.12isajudge,toldLiutodevelopmoreinterestslikereadingratherthanasingularpassion.13(dance).【答案】11.wasadmitted12.who13.dancing【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國舞蹈編導(dǎo)劉巖?！?1題詳解】考杳時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：1()歲那年，劉巖從同齡人中脫穎而出，考入了北京舞蹈學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)。根據(jù)時間狀語Atage10可知，用一般過去時。主語Liu與admii之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填wasadmiited。【12題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在她離開內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的家鄉(xiāng)之前，她當(dāng)法官的父親告訴她，要培養(yǎng)更多的興趣愛好，比如閱讀，而不是跳舞。句中先行詞為herfather,在非限定性定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在她離開內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的家鄉(xiāng)之前，她當(dāng)法官的父親告訴她，要培養(yǎng)更多的興趣愛好，比如閱讀,而不是跳舞。ralherthan后接名詞形式,作名詞asingularpassion的同位語。故填dancing。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Chenissufferingfromwhatiscalledunforcedsleeplessness,aterm(4(borrow)fromtennis,inwhichanunforcederrorreferstoamistakethatoccurswhenthereisnopressure.Commonsymptomsincludefallingasleeplaterthan2am,(5theaveragetimetakentofallasleepbeingmorethanonehour.Youngpeopleincitiesaremostvulnerabletosuchsymptoms,accordingtothe2020ChineseNationalHealthySleepWhitePaperbytheChinaSleepResearchAssociation.Commoncausesarc16(lonely),overtimesequelae(后遺癥),excessivestressandemotionaldisorders.【答案】14.borrowed15.with16.loneliness【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“非受迫性失眠”的常見癥狀和產(chǎn)生原因。【14題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：陳患的是“非受迫性失眠”，這個詞是從網(wǎng)球運動中借來的?！胺鞘芷刃允д`”指的是在沒有壓力的情況下發(fā)生的失誤。分析句子可知，此處為非謂語動詞的填入，因aterm和動詞borrow為被動關(guān)系，故用非謂語動詞中的過去分詞形式表被動。故填borrowedo【15題詳解】考查介詞。句意：常見的癥狀包括凌晨2點后入睡，平均入睡時間超過1小時。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及分句中的theaveragetime和being可知，此處為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。故填with0【16題詳解】考查名詞。句意：常見的原因是孤獨、加班后遺癥、過度壓力和情緒障礙。由空后sequelae、stress以及and連接的disorders,都為名詞可知，此處為lonely的名詞形式loneliness,為不可數(shù)名詞。故填loneliness。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Formerbankclerk,nowcomedian,profitsfromsenseofhumor.Fiveyearsago,hewasabankclerkinasuit,17(patient)servingclients,withperformancetargetshewasrequiredtoachieveeverymonthinmind.Today,heisoneofthemostin-demandyoungcomediansin(hecountrywhohasreinventedhimself,playingdifferentamusingroles.LiuZhcnxiang,betterknownbyhisstagename,LiuDasuo,wasprobablyamong18(busy)comediansduringSpringFestival(hisyear19hewasinvitedtostagefiveoriginalskitsfordifferentTVstations,includingHunanSatelliteTVandDragonTV.The31-year-old20(shoot)tofamelastyearwiththehitrealityTVprogramSuperSketchShow.【答案】17.patientlythebusiestwhen20.shot【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了喜劇演員劉振祥的經(jīng)歷。【17題詳解】考杳副詞。句意：5年前，他還是一名西裝革履的銀行職員，耐心地為客戶服務(wù)，每個月都要完成業(yè)績目標(biāo)。提示詞修飾動詞serving,應(yīng)用副詞patiently作狀語，意為“耐心地故填patiently?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞最高級。句意：劉振祥，更廣為人知的名字是劉大索，今年春節(jié)期間他可能是最忙碌的喜劇演員之一，他被邀請為湖南H視和東方衛(wèi)視等不同電視臺制作了五部原創(chuàng)小品。結(jié)合“hewasinvitedtostagefiveoriginalskitsfbrdifferentTVstations”可知，劉振祥今年春節(jié)期間非常忙碌，是最忙的喜劇演員之一，提示詞用最高級thebusiest,作定語修飾名詞comedianso故填thebusiesto【19題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：劉振祥，更廣為人知的名字是劉大索，今年春節(jié)期間他可能是最忙碌的喜劇演員之一，他被邀請為湖南衛(wèi)視和東方衛(wèi)視等不同電視臺制作了五部原創(chuàng)小品。分析句子可知，空格處為限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞SpringFestivalthisyear,關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作時間狀語，表示“在今年春節(jié)期間“，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)該從句。故填wherio【20題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這位31歲的銀行職員去年憑借熱門電視真人秀《超級小品秀》一舉成名。分析句子可知，動詞短語shoottofame（一舉成名）在句中作謂語，與主語The31-year-old之間是主動關(guān)系，結(jié)合時間狀語lastyear,應(yīng)使用一般過去時態(tài)。故填shot。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AGrandCanyonNationalParkLocatedentirelyinnorthernArizona,（heparkcovers277milesoftheColoradoRiverandadjacentuplands.Oneofthemostspectacularexamplesoferosionanywhereintheworld.GrandCanyonisunmatchedintheincomparablevistasitofferstovisitorsontheriin.GrandCanyonNationalParkisaWorldHeritageSite.ParkOpeningsandClosingsTheVillageandDesertViewontheSouthRimareopenallyearandparkentrancesremainopen24hoursaday.NorthRimfacilitiesopenmid-Mayandclosemid-Octobcr.Parkentrancesremainopen24hoursadayduringthistime.Hoursforvisitorcentersandbusinessesvarythroughouttheyear.ParkInformationTheparkproducesaPocketMapwithaNorthRimandSouthRimeditionthatcontainsamapandinformationaboutservices,facilities,andparkrangerprograms.IlisavailableinFrench,German.Japanese,Italian,Spanish,Korean,andChinese.Ahikingbrochureisavailablefbrthoseplanningtohikeoneofthepark'smaintrailsdownintoGrandCanyon.Obtainpublicationsatentrancestations,visitorcenters,orgo.i】D/l36oiLAccessibilityManyofthefacilitiesatGrandCanyonarehistoricandbuiltbeforecurrentaccessibilitystandardswereset.Theterrainisruggedwithnarrow,rockytrailsandsteepcliffs.Visitorsusingwheelchairsorhavingvisualimpairmentsmayneedassistance.FormoreinformationaboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see.ParkEntranceFeesFeescollectedsupportprojectsinihepark.Admissiontotheparkis$35perprivatevehicle;$30permotorcycle;and$20perpersonenteringtheparkviaGrandCanyonRailway,parkshuttlebus,privateraftingtrip,walking,orridingabicycle.Thepasscanbeusedforsevendaysandincludesbothrims.Payfeesatparkentrancestationsoratsomebusinessesoutsidethepark.EveryyeartheNationalParkServiceoffersentrancefeefreedays.Forcompletefeeinformation,includingAnnuaLActiveMilitary,Senior,andAccesspasses,visit.SustainabilityGrandCanyonNationalParkincorporatessustainabilityintoallaspectsofitsoperations.UseyourrefillablewaterbottletofilluponfreeGrandCanyonspringwateratmajortrailheads,visitorcentersandgrocerystores.Pleaserecycle-recyclingcontainersarcconvenientlylocatedandascommonastrashbins.Discoverwhatelseyoucandotoprotecttheenvironmentwhiletravelinghereandbeyondat.Peoplewithphysicaldisabilitiescanfinddetailedinformationonparkfacilitiesdesignedforthembyvisiting.A.B.C.D.Whatistheadmissionfeeifyouandyourparentsplantogoonaten-dayvacationtoGrandCanyonNationalParkbydrivingacar?A.$35.B.$60.C.$70.D.5120.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?Visitorshaveyear-roundaccesstoeverycornerofthenationalpark.HikerswhocanonlyspeakChinesecannotexploretheNorthRimwithoutaninterpreter.TheGrandCanyonfeaturesisoneoftheworld'smostvisuallybreathtakinglandscapes.VisitorsareforbiddentoleaveanytrashintheNationalParktomaintainsustainability.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了大峽谷國家公園的一些情況，包括開放時間、公園信息、設(shè)施和門票費用等信息。[21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“FormoreinformationaboutaccessibilityinGrandCanyonNationalPark,see/lrtxl2.（更多關(guān)于大峽谷國家公園的無障礙設(shè)施信息，請參見/lrtxl2）“可知，殘障人士可登入杳詢有關(guān)公園設(shè)施的詳細(xì)資料。故選B。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“AdmissiontotheparkisS35perprivatevehicle（公園門票為每輛私家車35美元）”；“Thepasscanbeusedforsevendays（通行證可以使用7天）''以及"EveryyeartheNationalParkServiceoffersentrancefeefreedays.（每年，國家公園管理局都提供免門票日）”可知，如果你和你的父母打算開車去大峽谷國家公園度假十天，門票是35+35=70美元。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第?段中“Oneofthemostspectacularexamplesoferosionanywhereintheworld.GrandCanyonisunmatchedin（heincomparablevistasitofferstovisitorsontherim.GrandCanyonNationalParkisaWorldHeritageSite.（作為世界上最壯觀的侵蝕例子之一，大峽谷為游客提供了無與倫比的美景。大峽谷國家公園是世界遺產(chǎn)）”可知，C選項“大峽谷是世界上最令人嘆為觀止的風(fēng)景之一”正確。故選C。BAloneinthewilderness.Nothingbutjungle.Aworldofshadowwiththeraysoflightfallinglikeblondehairfrom（hecrownsofthegianttrees.Jungleinthemiddaysun.Everythingmotionless.Notasoundfromskyorearth.Completesilence.Onlysomecoconutsfalling,atlongintervals,veryfaraway.Theworldreducedtothesofttouchofcoolgrassalongmynakedback,andasweetsmellofrichsoilandvegetation.Stretchedoutwithclosedeyesbesidemyheavyburdenoffruitandfirewood,Ienjoyedthefeelingoffreshbloodstreamingthrougheverypartofmybodyandfreshjungleairfillingeverycomerofmylungs.Restingmotionless,1couldseethesunthroughmyclosedeyelids,aloneinthesky,aslonelyasI,andasmotionlessandsilentaseverythingelse.Theearthhadsurelystoppedturningandsomewhereonthisplanettherewassupposedtoberoaringtrafficinbusystreets.Whatacrazy,unbelievablethought!Anothercoconutfell,tomaketheworldcometoacompletestandstill.IhadtorolloverontomystomachtofeelthatatleastIcouldmoveandmakenoises.ThenIfoundcompany.Alittlebrownantwasstrugglingtofinditswaywithabitofdrystrawthroughthejungleofleavesandgrassbelowmynose.IwonderedifIcouldgivethelittlefellowaliftwithitsburden,butitshowednottheslightestsignoftirednessandstruggledonwithallsixlegs,headfirstorheadlast,wavingitsfeelersenergeticallyasifthetriphadjuststarted.Whoeversawatiredant?Tiredness,disagreeabletiredness,isrestrictedtohuntedanimals,slavesandmodemman.Itisasgreataneffortforanofficeclerktowalkfiveblockswithaloadedbrief-caseasitisforajungle-dwellertocrossavalleywithagoatonhisback.Itisashardtogetupandclimborrunwhenyouhavebeenseatedforyearsasitistogetupandwalkwhenyouhavebeeninbedformonths.Thebodyisstrange.Spareit.andyougetreallytiredforalmostnothing;useit,andalmostnothingmakesyoureallytired.Irosetomyfeet.Ihadheardahorseneighingdowninthevalley.Aboveme,on(heopenhighlandplains,therewerewildhorses.Butdowninthevalleytherewasneverahorseunlesstherewasamanonit.Somebodywasmakinghiswayup(hevalleyandmywifewasalone.Theauthormentionscoconuts'failingto.A.showhislonelinessB.addbeautytothejungleC.expresshisloveofnatureD.stresstheabsolutesilenceHowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheant?Headmireditsattitudetowardwork.Hewasamazedatitstirelessefforts.Heshowedsympathyforthelittleant.Hewascontenttohaveitasacompanion.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph(hattheauthorwouldprobably.A.makehiswayhomeB.stayinthevalleyC.workharderthanbeforeD.talktothemanonthehorse【答案】24.D25.A26.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者在去樹林采摘水果、收集柴火后躺在樹林中休息，聽著森林中偶爾掉落椰子，獨自感受著正午靜謐的世界，享受著思想和身體的放松。然而這時作者感到了?只螞蟻爬過，看著螞蟻的辛勤，作者不由自主得對螞蟻心生敬佩之情。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Everythingmotionless.Notasoundfromskyorearth.Completesilence.Onlysomecoconutsfacing,atlongintervals,veryfaraway.(一切都靜止不動。天上地下都沒有聲音。完整的沉默。只有幾顆椰子，隔著很長一段距離，從很遠(yuǎn)的地方掉下來。廠可知，此處為一種寫作手法，為了突出樹林的寂靜，用椰子的掉落去對比。所以作者提到椰子掉落是運用了以動襯靜的寫作手法。故選Do【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“IwonderedifIcouldgivethelittlefellowaliftwithitsburden,butitshowednottheslightestsignoftirednessandstruggledonwithallsixlegs,headfirstorheadlast,wavingitsfeelersenergeticallyasifthetriphadjuststarted.Whoeversawatiredant?Tiredness,disagreeabletiredness,isrestrictedtohuntedanimals,slavesandmodernman.（我想知道我是否能減輕這個小家伙的負(fù)擔(dān)，但它沒有絲亳的疲倦跡象，而是用六條腿，頭朝前或頭朝后地掙扎著，精力充沛地?fù)]動著它的觸角，好像旅程才剛剛開始。誰見過疲倦的螞蟻？疲勞，令人不快的疲勞，僅限于被獵殺的動物、奴隸和現(xiàn)代人。廣可推斷，作者非常敬佩螞蟻對工作的態(tài)度。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Irosetomyfeet.Ihadheardahorseneighingdowninthevalley.Aboveme,ontheopenhighlandplains,therewerewildhorses.Butdowninthevalleytherewasneverahorseunlesstherewasamanonit.Somebodywasmakinghiswayupthevalleyandmywifewasalone.（我站起身來。我聽到山谷里有匹馬在蜥鳴。在我的上方，在開闊的高地平原上，有野馬。但是在下面的山谷里，只有人騎著馬，才有馬。有人向山谷走來，我妻子獨自一人。）“可推斷，作者認(rèn)為有人.上山來了，而他妻子一人在家，所以出于對妻子安全的考慮，作者很可能會回家。故選A。CIfyou'veevertakenaclassindrawing,paintingorpotteryandinspiteofyourbesteffort,couldn'tmakethefinalresultlookanythinglikethemodelshown,youmayhavethought,UIdon'thaveacreativeboneinmybody.”Accordingtosomescientists,whoforthepast20yearshaveputtheelusivesubjectofcreativitythroughtherigorsofresearch,youarcunderratingyourself.DaVinciyoumayneverbe,butwhenitcomestocreativity,wearcallsomewhatblessed.Il'slearningtofosterthisuniquetoolofextraordinaryproductivity,andthenapplyingitineverythingyoudo,thatcountstotellyoufromfigureslikeDaVinci.“Evenifwedon'thavethegoodfortunetodiscoveranewchemicalelementorwriteagreatstory,theloveofthecreativeprocessforitsownsakeisavailabletoall,“saysMihalyCsikszentmihalyiinCreativity:FlowandPsychologyofDiscoveryandInvention.Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Welookuponthese''creativegeniuses,“asweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.Thereisnoargumentthattheworldisnevershortofhighlytalentedandcreativepeople.Theyaremastersoftheirtradesandstandheads-and-shouldersabovecommoners,makingnewpathwaysforotherstofollow,andprovidinggreatercontextandunderstandingofourworld.Itcouldbesaidthatwithoutcreativityhumanitywouldnotevolvesorapidly.Butlikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining,foregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion,peoplewhoshowtheslightestreluctanceforarduouslaborareboundtowitnesstheirboastedabilitydisappear.Aftercloselystudying91creativeandinfluentialpeople,includingnovelists,playwrights,composers,musiciansandscientists,Csikszentmihalyiconcludesthatnoonewouldignorethesweattheyshedandtheiralmostinsanewillingnesstofollowtheircreativeendeavortotheveryend,whereverthatmaybe.Thesearetheverythingsweallcanmaster,solongaswe'dliketo.It'swidelybelievedthatcreativitycomesfrom.A.goodtrainingpeoplereceivefromartisticclassesB.thetoolwclearnfrommasterslikeDaVinciC.（heinborngenesorrelevantgiftsD.certainGreekhistoricaltextbooksWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Commonpeopleratherthancreativeonesleadinvariousprofessions.People'sadmirationofgeniusesmakeshumanitydevelopquickly.Thefieldofbaseballrequiresmoregiftsthanhardwork.Theessenceofcreativityliesindevotionandeffort.Theunderlinedword"foregoing“isclosestinmeaningto.A.givingupB.combiningC.referringtoD.extendingWhatisthepassagemainlyabout?Howordinarypeopleandscientistsviewthingsdifferently.People'smisunderstandingofcreativityanditstruenature.Thereasonsforthedevelopmentofvarioustradesandhumanity.Ordinarypeople'sunwillingnesstofollowtheexamplesofcreativeones.【答案】27.C28.D29.A30.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人們普遍認(rèn)為創(chuàng)造力是一種天賦其實是一種誤解，科學(xué)家驗證了創(chuàng)造力是與人的辛苦付出分不開的。只要人們愿意付出艱辛努力，創(chuàng)造力是可以掌握的。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Wclookuponthese“creativegeniuses/'asweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.可知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，創(chuàng)造力是授予那些被認(rèn)為有特殊才能的人的。我們帶著敬畏和些許嫉妒看待這些我們通常稱之為“創(chuàng)造性天才”的人。大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，他們的能力來自于良好的基因，或者，就像希臘神話中那樣，來自于某種神圣的靈感。由此可知，人們普遍認(rèn)為，創(chuàng)造力來自與生俱來的基因或相關(guān)的天賦。故選C項。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段內(nèi)容“Builikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining,foregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion,peoplewhoshowtheslightestreluctanceforarduouslaborareboundtowitnesstheirboastedabilitydisappear.”可知，通過多年的持續(xù)艱苦訓(xùn)練才會成就有創(chuàng)造力的棒球運動員，而對于沒有堅持艱苦付出和努力的人是不會再有所夸耀的“創(chuàng)造力''的。選項D-Theessenceofcreativityliesindevotionandeffort.（創(chuàng)造力的本質(zhì)在于奉獻(xiàn)和努力。）”為貼合文章內(nèi)容的合理論述。故選D項?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。分析可知,劃線單詞所在短語“fbregoingotherpursuitsforthesolepassion”中“thesolepassion”應(yīng)是指前文“Butlikeapubliclyrecognizedcreativebaseballplayerwhohoneshisskillthroughyearsofcontinuoustraining”提及的“baseball”，棒球運動，由此可知，一個有創(chuàng)造力的棒球運動員應(yīng)是為了棒球運動這一Fl標(biāo)而不斷努力訓(xùn)練，從而會放棄其他的“愛好由此可推知，“foregoing”應(yīng)是“放棄”含義，與選項A“givingup”含義一致。故選A項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章可知，文章第二段內(nèi)容“Accordingtosomescientists,whoforthepast20yearshaveputtheelusivesubjectofcreativitythroughtherigorsofresearch,youareunderratingyourself.DaVinciyoumayneverbe,butwhenitcomestocreativity,weareallsomewhatblessed.(根據(jù)一些科學(xué)家的說法，在過去的20年里，他們把創(chuàng)造力這個難以捉摸的課題通過了嚴(yán)格的研究，你低估了自己。你也許永遠(yuǎn)不會成為達(dá)芬奇，但說到創(chuàng)意，我們都多少有點福氣。)”根據(jù)文章第四段"Mostpeoplebelievetherealmofcreativityhasbeenawardedtothoseperceivedtohavespecialtalent.Wclookuponthese“creativegeniuses,Masweoftencallthem,withaweandabitofenvy.Theirabilities,mostpeopleassume,arebestowedbygoodgenes,or,asifinGreekmythology,fromsomekindofdivineinspiration.“。可知，大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，創(chuàng)造力是授予那些被認(rèn)為有特殊才能的人的。我們帶著敬畏和些許嫉妒看待這些我們通常稱之為“創(chuàng)造性天才”的人。大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，他們的能力來自于良好的基因，或者，就像希臘神話中那樣，來自于某種神圣的靈感。根據(jù)最后一段"Csikszentmihalyiconcludesthatnoonewouldignorethesweattheyshedandtheiralmostinsanewillingnesstofollowtheircreativeendeavortotheveryend,whereverthatmaybe.Thesearetheverythingsweallcanmaster,solongaswe'dliketo."Csikszentmihalyi總結(jié)說，沒有人會忽視他們所流下的汗水，以及他們近乎瘋狂的意愿，去追隨他們創(chuàng)造性的努力，直到最后，無論那是在哪里。這些正是我們都可以掌握的東西，只要我們愿意。由此可知，本文主要是關(guān)于人們對創(chuàng)造力的誤解及其本質(zhì)。故選B項。DWhenIgivepubliclecturesabouttheclimatecrisis,themostcommonquestionpeopleposeis:"Areyouanoptimistorapessimist?^^Myanswerisyes.Californiahasachieveddramaticemissionsreductionsinathrivingeconomy,whichmakesmehopeful,yetingeneralthefossil-fuelindustryisdeterminednottochange.Thesecondmostcommonquestionis:4tWhatcanI,personally,do?”That'satoughone.Themajordriversofclimatechangearecollectiveenterprisessuchaspowergrids,industry,large-scaleagricultureandtransportationsystems.Substantialemissionsreductionsinthesesettingsmostlikelywillnotcomefrompersonalactions;theywillcomefromlawsandpoliciessuchascarbon-pricingsystems,revisedbuildingcodesandsupportsforgreeninvestment.Somepeoplehaveargued(hatcallsfbrindividualactionactuallydistractusfromcorporateresponsibility.Thatcouldexplainwhythefossil-fuelindustryisfbndofsuchrequests.OilgiantBPpopularizedandpromotedtheideaofacarbonfootprint,deflectingattentiontoitscustomerswho,itsuggests,shouldtakepersonalresponsibilitybyloweringtheircarbonfootprints.Onestudyfoundthatfocusingonindividualactivityactuallyunderminessupportformoreeffectivepolicyinitiativessuchasacarbon(ax.Anotherproblemwithpersonalbehavioristhatpeopledonotliketobetoldwhattodo.Yetindividualactscangrowintoinfluentialgroupactivity.Oneeffectiveact,andonethatcanbeamplified,istocatlessredmeat.CuttingmeatconsumptionisapowerfulandpersonalthingmostAmericanscandototackletheclimatecrisis,andtheycandoitimmediately.About40percentofgreenhousegasescomefromagriculture,deforestationandotherlandusechanges.Meat—particularlybeef-drivesclimatechangeintwoways:first,throughcows'emissionofmethane,apotentgreenhousegas,andsecond,bydestroyingforestsastheyareconvertedtograzinglandtosatisfytheglobaldemandforbeef.Byeatinglessbeef,wecanstarttodecreasethatdemand.Youdonothavetobecomeavegantodothis.IfeverypersonintheU.S.cuttheirmeatconsumptionby25percent,itwouldreduceannualgreenhousegasemissionsbyIpercent.Thatmightnotsoundlikealot,butitwouldhelpprotecttherainforest,sothepositiveeffects—includingreducedwaterandfertilizeruse,improvedbiodiversityandsafeguardedrightsofindigenouspeoples—wouldbeamplified.Perhapsmostimportant,socialactioniscontagious-inagoodway.Iflotsofusbegintoeatlessmeatandifwetalkaboutitconstructively,wewilllikelyinfluenceothers.PrettysoontheIpercentreductionbecomes2percentormore.Reduceddemandformeatcouldmotivatemylocalsupermarkettocarrybetterproduce,makingiteasierformeandmyneighborstoprepareafewmoresatisfyingmeat-freemeals.Ultimatelychangesindemandwillinfluenceindustry.Fortyyearsagofewmainstreamsupermarketscarriedorganicproducts;nownearlyalldo.Consumerdemanddidthat.Cuttingbackonredmeatalsohastheaddedbenefitofbeinggoodforyourhealth.SowhileIwouldn'tadvisegovernmentstoorderpeopletostopeatinghamburgers,ifanyoneasks,“WhatcanIdo?^^asimpleandaccurateansweris:4tEatlessmeal.It'sinyourcontrol,andyoucanbeginrightnow.Itbenefitsbothyouandtheplanet.^^31.Whichoneplaysthemostdecisiveroleinemissionsreductionsaccordingtothepassage?A.Individualactions.B.Fossil-fuelindustries.C.Thethrivingeconomy.D.Effectivelawsandpolicies.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?Indigenouspeoplesturnforestsintograzingland.Meatisconsideredasthebiggestdriverofclimatechange.Smallindividualactscanmakeabigdifferencecollectively.MostAmericanshavetobecomeveganstotackletheclimatecrisis.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“contagious”inParagraph6mean?A.Appealing.B.Poisonous.C.Harmonious.D.Spreading.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorwritingthispassage?Toexplainwaystoreducecarbonfootprint.Topersuadepeopletocutmeatconsumption.Toevaluatetheeffectsofhealthyeatinghabits.Toargueagainsttheemissionpoliciesofindustries.【答案】31.D32.C33.D34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了通過個人努力，也可以為減少碳足跡貢獻(xiàn)自己的力量?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“theywillcomefromlawsandpoliciessuchascarbon-pricingsystems,revisedbuildingcodesandsupports「orgreeninvestment.（它們將來自法律和政策，如碳定價體系、修訂的建筑法規(guī)和對綠色投資的支持。）”可知，有效的法律和政策在減排中起決定性作用。故選D?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Yetindividualactscangrowintoinfluentialgroupactivity.（然而，個人行為可以發(fā)展成有影響力的群體活動。）”及下文所舉少吃紅肉的例子可推斷，小的個人行為可以產(chǎn)生大的影響。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Reduceddemandformeatcouldmotivatemylocalsupermarkettocarrybetterproduce,makingiteasierformeandmyneighborstoprepareafewmoresatisfyingmeat-freemeals.（如果我們很多人開始少吃肉，如果我們建設(shè)性地談?wù)撍覀兒芸赡軙绊懫渌?。很快?%的減少就變成了2%或更多。戶可知，社會行動具有傳染性。所以contagious為“感染性的；傳播性的”之意。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"SowhileIwouldn'tadvisegovernmentstoorderpeopletostopeatinghamburgers,ifanyoneasks,“WhatcanIdo?”asimpleandaccurateansweris:"Eatlessmeat.It'siny