2022年上海市中考英語(yǔ)真題 （解析版）

第18頁(yè)/共18頁(yè)2022年上海市初中畢業(yè)統(tǒng)一學(xué)業(yè)考試英語(yǔ)試卷（滿(mǎn)分140分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘）班級(jí)_______姓名_______學(xué)號(hào)_______得分_______Part1Listening（第一部分聽(tīng)力）I.Listeningcomprehension（聽(tīng)力理解）（本大題共20題，共25分）A.Listenandchoosetherightpicture（根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選出相應(yīng)的圖片）（5分）A.B.C.D.E.F.1._______2._______3._______4._______5._______B.Listentothedialoguesandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話(huà)和問(wèn)題，選出最拾當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福?分）6.A.TeaB.Coffee.C.Water.D.Juice.7.A.Asupermarket.B.Abookstore.C.Aflowershop.D.Ashoppingmall.8.A.At9:00B.At9:30.C.At10:00.D.At10:309.A.Watchingafilmonline.B.Makingaphonecall.C.Givingalecture.D.Takingamessage.10.A.Customerandshopassistant.B.Librarianandstudent.C.Passengerandbusdriver.D.Motherandson.C.Listentothepassageandtellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse（判斷下列句子是否符合你聽(tīng)到的短文內(nèi)容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（5分）11.TherewasgoingtobeapartyforSarah'sbrotherPeter.12.Sarahwashappytogetupearlyandpreparepartyfood.13.Sarahandherparentsworkedseveralhourstogeteverythingready.14.Petergotasummerjobaferafewinterviewsthatday.15.Thepassageismainlyabouthowtoplanafamilyparty.D.Listentothedialogueandcompletethefollowingsentences（聽(tīng)對(duì)話(huà)，用聽(tīng)到的單詞完成下列句子。每空格限填一詞）（10分）16.Theschoolprojectistocreate______________withusedmaterials.17.Cathyhassomeold______________andtheycanbeusedfortheproject.18.Frankandhisbrother______________someplasticbottles.19.CathyandFrankdecidetostarttheirproject______________.20.FrankbelievesthatheandCathywillmakea______________.Part2GrammarandVocabulary（第二部分語(yǔ)法和詞匯）Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福ū敬箢}共15題，每題1分，共15分。每題只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)）1.Yoursilkscarfisoverthere.Thisoneis_______.A.I B.me C.my D.mine【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：你的絲巾在那邊。這是我的。考查代詞辨析。I我，人稱(chēng)代詞主格；me我，人稱(chēng)代詞賓格；my我的，形容詞性物主代詞；mine名詞性物主代詞?？崭窈鬀](méi)有名詞，此處指這是“我的”絲巾，故用名詞性物主代詞mine指代。故選D。2.Theyoungmanoftengives________helpinghandtotheoldinhisneighbourhood.A.a B.an C.the D./【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：這個(gè)年輕人經(jīng)常幫助鄰居家的老人。考查冠詞用法。a不定冠詞，用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前；an不定冠詞，用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前；the定冠詞，表特指。giveahandtosb.“幫助某人”，固定用法，其中helping以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，其前應(yīng)加不定冠詞a。故選A。3.WillAlicetakecharge_______thecomingpaintingexhibition?A.for B.with C.of D.from【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：愛(ài)麗絲會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)即將到來(lái)的畫(huà)展嗎？考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。takechargeof“負(fù)責(zé)，接管”，固定短語(yǔ)。故選C。4.Thisdetectivestoryis_______thantheoneIreadlastnight.A.attractive B.moreattractive C.mostattractive D.themostattractive【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：這篇偵探小說(shuō)比我昨晚讀的那篇更吸引人。考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)“than”可知，此處是比較級(jí)，應(yīng)用形容詞attractive的比較級(jí)moreattractive。故選B。5.Makesure_______hasthetextbookswhenthenewtermstarts.A.nobody B.anybody C.somebody D.everybody【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：新學(xué)期開(kāi)始時(shí)，要確保每個(gè)人都有課本?？疾榇~辨析。nobody沒(méi)有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人；everybody每個(gè)人。根據(jù)“whenthenewtermstarts.”可知，新學(xué)期開(kāi)始要確保每個(gè)人都有課本。故選D。6.Thesestrawberrieslook_______.I’dliketobuysomeformyfather.A.happily B.lovely C.softly D.properly【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：這些草莓看起來(lái)很可愛(ài)。我想給我爸爸買(mǎi)一些。

考查形容詞作表語(yǔ)。happily開(kāi)心地，副詞；lovely可愛(ài)的，形容詞；softly柔軟地，副詞；properly正確地，副詞。look是系動(dòng)詞，后加形容詞作表語(yǔ)，lovely符合，故選B。7.Thenewrestaurant_______twosurveysonitsfoodandservicesinceJune.A.isdoing B.willdo C.did D.hasdone【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：自6月份以來(lái)，這家新餐廳就其食物和服務(wù)進(jìn)行了兩次調(diào)查。

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“sinceJune”可知句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選D。8.—Thereisanumbrellainthecorneroftheclassroom.________isit?—Perhapsit’sMary’s.A.Whose B.Who C.When D.Why【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——教室的角落里有一把傘。它是誰(shuí)的？——也許是瑪麗的?？疾樘厥庖蓡?wèn)句。Whose誰(shuí)的；Who誰(shuí)；When什么時(shí)候；Why為什么。根據(jù)答句“Perhapsit’sMary’s”可知，此處在問(wèn)物品的歸屬，故應(yīng)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞whose。故選A。9.—_______Iuseyourglue?I’mmakingakite.—Noproblem.Hereyouare.A.Should B.Need C.Must D.May【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——我可以用你的膠水嗎？我在做風(fēng)箏?！獩](méi)問(wèn)題。給你?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。Should應(yīng)該；Need需要；Must必須；May可以。此處表征求他人的同意，應(yīng)用May引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句。故選D。10.ThethreeChineseastronauts_______safelyfromspaceonApril16,2022.A.returned B.arereturning C.havereturned D.hadreturned【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：這三名中國(guó)宇航員于2022年4月16日從太空安全返回?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“April16,2022”可知，此句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，故選A。11.Theyoungplayerspendsfourhours_______volleyballeveryday.A.practise B.practising C.topractise D.practised【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：這位年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員每天花四個(gè)小時(shí)練習(xí)排球。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。spendsometime(in)doingsth.“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故選B。12.TheInternetenablesfarmers_______fruitsandvegetablesacrossthecountry.A.sell B.selling C.tosell D.sold【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使農(nóng)民能夠在全國(guó)各地銷(xiāo)售水果和蔬菜?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。固定短語(yǔ)enablesbtodosth“使某人能做某事”。故選C。13.Haveabalanceddietandexerciseregularly_______youwillstayhealthy.A.and B.or C.but D.for【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：保持均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的運(yùn)動(dòng)，你就會(huì)保持健康?？疾檫B詞。and表并列或遞進(jìn)，和；or否則，或者；but但是；for因?yàn)?。根?jù)句型“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”可知，此處用and表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選A。14.Youwon’thaveabetterviewofthevillage________youreachthetopofthehill.A.because B.unless C.when D.if【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：除非你到達(dá)山頂，否則你看不到村莊更好的景色。考查連詞。because因?yàn)?；unless除非；when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；if如果。根據(jù)前后句意可知，此處應(yīng)用unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，即“除非到達(dá)山頂，否則不會(huì)看到更好的景色”。故選B。15._______excitingsingingcontesttheyhadyesterday!A.What B.How C.Whatan D.Howan【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：他們昨天舉行了多么令人興奮的歌唱比賽??！

考查感嘆句。本句中心詞為contest，是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，符合結(jié)構(gòu)“What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主謂！”。故選C。Ⅲ.Choosetheproperwordsorphrasestocompletethefollowingpassage.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce（本大題共8題，每題1分，共8分，每題只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)）選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格，每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次（A）A.awardB.pleasedC.litterD.natureE.tidyLastmonth.GeorgeandSophiedesignedacommunityprogramme.Aftertheactivity,thecommunitycentregavethemaspecial___16___forwhattheyhaddone.Theideacametothemonedayastheywerewalkinghomefromschoolthroughthepark.Theynoticedthattherewasalotof___17___onthegrassandbythelake.Theparkdidn'tlookcleanor___18___,sotheydecidedtoplanacommunityclean-upday.Theyaskedlocalpeopletocomeandhelpclearawayalltherubbish.Peopleinthecommunitywerevery___19___tohearabouttheplanasitcouldmakeacleanerneighbourhood.（B）A.inallB.choseC.onholidayD.deliveredE.breathedInordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,they___20___aSundayfortheactivity.Thentheycontactedthecommunitycentretoaskforrubbishbagsforthework.Afterthat.they___21___posterstothehousesnearthepark.Theyalsoputupsomepostersintheirschool.Thatday,morepeoplecamethanexpected-eighty-sixvolunteers___22___.Somewerefromthelocalcommunityandothersfromtheschool.Eventouristscametohelp.Onefamilywas___23___intheareaandtheytookpartintheactivityafterseeingtheposters.Itwasasuccessfulday!【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.B20.B21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了喬治和索菲設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)社區(qū)項(xiàng)目——“社區(qū)清潔日”?！?6題詳解】句意：活動(dòng)結(jié)束后，社區(qū)中心對(duì)他們的所作所為給予了特別獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)?？涨坝泄谠~a，其后跟名詞單數(shù)形式，A選項(xiàng)award“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”符合題意。故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：他們注意到草地上和湖邊有很多垃圾。alotof后跟不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，C選項(xiàng)litter“垃圾”，不可數(shù)名詞符合題意。故選C。【18題詳解】句意：公園看起來(lái)既不干凈也不整潔，所以他們決定計(jì)劃一個(gè)社區(qū)清潔日。根據(jù)“cleanor...”可知，空處需填入形容詞。E選項(xiàng)tidy“整潔的”，形容詞符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳解】句意：社區(qū)里的人很高興聽(tīng)到這個(gè)計(jì)劃，因?yàn)樗梢允股鐓^(qū)變得更干凈。根據(jù)“were”可知，此處B選項(xiàng)pleased“高興的”符合題意，形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故選B?！?0題詳解】句意：為了方便人們參加，他們選擇了一個(gè)周日的活動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Inordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,”可知，B選項(xiàng)chose“選擇”符合題意，意為“選擇了周日”。故選B。【21題詳解】句意：在那之后。他們把海報(bào)送到公園附近的各家各戶(hù)。根據(jù)“...posterstothehouses”可知，此處D選項(xiàng)delivered“遞送”符合題意。固定短語(yǔ)deliversthto...“把某物送到……”。故選D。22題詳解】句意：總共有86名志愿者，其中一些來(lái)自當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)，另一些來(lái)自學(xué)校。根據(jù)“morepeoplecamethanexpected-eighty-sixvolunteers”可知，A選項(xiàng)inall“總共”符合題意。故選A。【23題詳解】句意：一家人在該地區(qū)度假，他們?cè)诳吹胶?bào)后參加了活動(dòng)。根據(jù)“Onefamilywas”可知，C選項(xiàng)onholiday“在度假”符合題意，介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)。故選C。Ⅳ.Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms（用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子，每空格限填一詞）（本大題共8題，每題1分，共8分）24.Therearemanydifferent_________inthatsmallgarden.（plant）【答案】plants【解析】【詳解】句意：那個(gè)小花園里有許多不同的植物。plant“植物”，名詞；many修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填plants。25.Lilyisreadingthe_________storyinthebookaboutChinesehistory.（six）【答案】sixth【解析】【詳解】句意：莉莉正在讀關(guān)于中國(guó)歷史的書(shū)中的第六個(gè)故事。six是基數(shù)詞，結(jié)合“the...story”可知此處應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞表示順序，故填sixth。26.Helearnedhowtomakezongziby_________ontheDragonBoatFestival.（he）【答案】himself【解析】【詳解】句意：他在端午節(jié)自學(xué)包粽子。byoneself“獨(dú)自”，主語(yǔ)是He，反身代詞用himself，故填himself。27.Thesetipsare_________toimproveyoursocialskills.Whynottakethem?（use）【答案】used【解析】【詳解】句意：這些建議是用來(lái)提高你的社交技能的。為什么不采用呢？固定短語(yǔ)beusedtodosth“被用來(lái)做某事”。故填used。28.Morecitizensagreetobegreentravelerssoastoreduceair_________.（pollute）【答案】pollution【解析】【詳解】句意：更多的市民同意成為綠色旅行者，以減少空氣污染。根據(jù)“reduceair”可知，此處是減少空氣污染。pollution“污染”，不可數(shù)名詞。故填pollution。29.Thejournalisthopedto_________thebraveactofthefireman.（reporter）【答案】report【解析】【詳解】句意：新聞?dòng)浾呦Ｍ麍?bào)道消防員的勇敢行為。reporter“記者”，名詞。hopetodosth.“希望做某事”，故空格處用動(dòng)詞原形report“報(bào)道”。故填report。30.Withthehelpofhisworkmates,hewasabletooperatethemachine_________.（correct）【答案】correctly【解析】【詳解】句意：在同事的幫助下，他能夠正確地操作機(jī)器。correct“正確的”，形容詞；此處用其副詞形式correctly，修飾動(dòng)詞operate。故填correctly。31.Ifyouare_________togetlost,calmdownandlookforpossiblehelp.（lucky）【答案】unlucky【解析】【詳解】句意：如果你不幸迷路，冷靜下來(lái)，尋求可能的幫助。lucky“幸運(yùn)的”，是形容詞，根據(jù)“getlost”可知是指不幸的，unlucky符合語(yǔ)境，故填unlucky。V.Completethefollowingsentencesasrequired（根據(jù)所給要求完成句子。52-57小題每空格限填一詞）（本大題共7題，每題2分，共14分）32.Thenewrobotshelppassengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_________thenewrobots_________passengerswiththeirluggageatthisairport?【答案】①.Do②.help【解析】【詳解】句意：這些新機(jī)器人在機(jī)場(chǎng)幫助乘客搬運(yùn)行李。原句是含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞help的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，變疑問(wèn)句需借助于助動(dòng)詞do，后跟動(dòng)詞原形help。故填Do；help。33.Itisabout20kilometresfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）________________isitfromourschooltotheNationalForestPark?【答案】①.How②.far【解析】【詳解】句意：從我們學(xué)校到國(guó)家森林公園的距離大約是20公里。題目要求對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，劃線部分為“20kilometres”，對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問(wèn)應(yīng)用“howfar”，且位于句首how首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故填How；far。34.Theresearchgroupdiscoveredanewkindofinsectlastweek.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Anewkindofinsect__________________bytheresearchgrouplastweek.【答案】①.was②.discovered【解析】【詳解】句意：該研究小組上周發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的昆蟲(chóng)。原句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)中心詞是“kind”，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填was；discovered。35.Thechildrenarediscussingwhattheyaregoingtodothisweekend.（改為簡(jiǎn)單句）Thechildrenarediscussing__________________dothisweekend.【答案】①.what②.to【解析】【詳解】句意：孩子們正在討論他們這個(gè)周末要做什么。原句是賓語(yǔ)從句，此處可以用“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，what是疑問(wèn)詞，故填what；to。36.Afterhearingthenews,Tomwassoexcitedthathecouldn’tfallasleep.（保持句意基本不變）Afterhearingthenews.Tomwas_________excited_________fallasleep.【答案】①.too②.to【解析】【詳解】句意：聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息后，湯姆激動(dòng)得無(wú)法入睡。so...that“如此……以致于”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，可以和too...to“太……以致于不能”互換。故填too；to。37.“WhenwillwegototheVRexperiencecenter?”Iaskedthetourguide.（改為間接引語(yǔ)）Iaskedthetourguide_________we_________gototheVRexperiencecentre.【答案】①.when②.would【解析】【詳解】句意：“我們什么時(shí)候去VR體驗(yàn)中心？”我問(wèn)導(dǎo)游。改為間接引語(yǔ)，可用when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句使用陳述語(yǔ)序，遵循“主過(guò)從必過(guò)”原則。根據(jù)“WhenwillwegototheVRexperiencecenter?”可知，去VR體驗(yàn)中心發(fā)生在將來(lái)，結(jié)合“asked”可知，主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，即would+動(dòng)詞原形。故填when；would。38.thetask,promisedto,finish,assoonaspossible,theengineer（連詞成句）___________________________________________________________.【答案】Theengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)“.”可知，句子為陳述句。theengineer作主語(yǔ)，promisedtofinish為謂語(yǔ)，thetask為賓語(yǔ)，assoonaspossible作狀語(yǔ)。句子為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且the位于句首首字母應(yīng)大寫(xiě)。故答案為T(mén)heengineerpromisedtofinishthetaskassoonaspossible“工程師答應(yīng)盡快完成任務(wù)”。Part3ReadingandWriting（第三部分讀寫(xiě)）Ⅵ.Readingcomprehension（閱讀理解）（本大題共25題，共50分）A.Choosethebestanswer（根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福╨2分）Jane,areporter,iscollectinginformationforthelocalnewspaper.Sheisinterestedinthefollowingthingsintroducedinamagazine.SmartSchoolbagForgettopackthebooksyouneedintoyourschoolbaginthemorningrush?Aschoolboyaged11hasinventedaschoolbag.Ittellsyouwhichbookstopack.Asmallcomputerandascanner（掃描裝置）arefixedinthebag.Aseachbookisputintothebag,itischeckedbythescanner.Ifanybookismissing,amessagewillbeshownonthecomputerscreentoremindyou.WeatherSweetsCanyoueatweather?Auniversitymakesthathappen.Itusesa3Dprintertocreatesweetsbasedontheweatherinformationofacertainday.Theshapesofthesweetsareaffectedbywindspeed.Thecolorsofthesweetsaredecidedbytemperature.Thesweetsactasaweatherrecordofthedaywhentheyaremade.SunriseBedIt’shardforyoutogetupinthemorning,isn’tit?Tohelpyougetup,acompanyhascreateda“tool”—asunrisebed.Itwakesyouupgentlyasasunrisedoes.Lightsbuiltintothebedturnonandstarttogetbrighterandbrighter.Whenthelightsarefullyon,softmusicwillbegintoplay.Itwillbelouderandlouderuntilyouturnitoff.Thecompanyexplains,“Thegentlelighttellsyourbodythatitismorning,soitstopsproducingachemicalthathelpsyousleep.”39.Thesmartschoolbaghasbeeninventedby________.Aareporter B.aschoolboy C.auniversity D.acompany40.Whatcanthesmartschoolbagdo?A.Helpyourepaircomputers. B.Tellyouwhentopackbooks.C.Teachyouhowtofixscreens. D.Remindyouofthemissingbooks.41.________affect(s)theshapesoftheweathersweets.A.Colors B.Windspeed C.Temperature D.3Dprinters42.Whichofthefollowingshowshowasunrisebedwakesyouup?A.lightson→musicon→lightsbrighter→musiclouderB.musicon→musiclouder→lightson→lightsbrighterC.lightson→lightsbrighter→musicon→musiclouderD.musicon→lightson→musiclouder→lightsbrighter43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inSunriseBedreferto?A.Yourbody. B.Thebed. C.Thelight. D.Yourroom.44.InwhichsectionofthemagazinehasJanemostprobablyfoundtheinformation?A.Wonderfulfood. B.Futureschools. C.Amazinginventions. D.Modernfurniture.【答案】39.B40.D41.B42.C43.A44.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了智能書(shū)包、天氣糖果、日出的床三項(xiàng)發(fā)明?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aschoolboyaged11hasinventedaschoolbag.”可知，一名11歲的男孩發(fā)明了這款智能書(shū)包。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifanybookismissing,amessagewillbeshownonthecomputerscreentoremindyou.”可知，這款智能書(shū)包可以提醒你忘記放進(jìn)書(shū)包里的書(shū)。故選D?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theshapesofthesweetsareaffectedbywindspeed.”可知，風(fēng)速影響天氣糖果的形狀。故選B?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Lightsbuiltintothebedturnonandstarttogetbrighterandbrighter.”及“softmusicwillbegintoplay.Itwillbelouderandlouderuntilyouturnitoff.”可知，日出床叫醒人的步驟是：燈先打開(kāi)，然后燈光變得越來(lái)越亮，其次音樂(lè)打開(kāi)，最后音樂(lè)的聲音越來(lái)越大。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thegentlelighttellsyourbodythatitismorning,soitstopsproducingachemicalthathelpsyousleep.”可知，柔和的光線會(huì)告訴你的身體現(xiàn)在是早晨，所以身體會(huì)停止產(chǎn)生有助于睡眠的化學(xué)物質(zhì)；能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)物質(zhì)的是“你的身體”，故it指代“身體”。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了三項(xiàng)發(fā)明，故在“Amazinginventions”版塊可發(fā)現(xiàn)此文章。故選C。B.Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)完成短文）（12分）StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____45____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____46____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____47____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____48____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____49____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____50____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.45.A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher46.A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged47.A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout48.A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments49A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently50.A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional【答案】45.B46.D47.C48.D49.A50.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，介紹了清朝著名女科學(xué)家——王貞儀?！?5題詳解】句意：王貞儀是一位偉大的中國(guó)科學(xué)家。doctor醫(yī)生；scientist科學(xué)家；lawyer律師；teacher老師。根據(jù)文章最后“Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.”可知，王貞儀是一位科學(xué)家。故選B?！?6題詳解】句意：他們鼓勵(lì)她閱讀家里圖書(shū)館里的書(shū)。invited邀請(qǐng)；selected選擇；followed跟隨；encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)上文“However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.”可知，王貞儀的父親和祖父思想開(kāi)放，鼓勵(lì)王貞儀閱讀書(shū)籍；encouragesb.todosth.“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。故選D?！?7題詳解】句意：后來(lái)，她決定專(zhuān)攻天文學(xué)。relyon依賴(lài)；showoff炫耀；focuson集中于，專(zhuān)注于；talkabout談?wù)?。根?jù)上文“WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.”可知，起初，王貞儀自學(xué)天文學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)、地理和醫(yī)學(xué)，后來(lái)她決定專(zhuān)注于天文學(xué)這一門(mén)學(xué)科。故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：為了解釋那些“奇怪”的事件，她做了一些實(shí)驗(yàn)。exercises練習(xí)；drawings圖紙；reviews評(píng)論；experiments實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon”可知，把一張圓桌作為地球，一盞燈作為太陽(yáng)，一面鏡子作為月亮，這是王貞儀為解釋自然現(xiàn)象所做的實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：她將它們四處移動(dòng)，以展示月食期間實(shí)際發(fā)生的情況：當(dāng)?shù)厍蛑苯哟┻^(guò)太陽(yáng)和月球之間時(shí)，陽(yáng)光無(wú)法到達(dá)月球，月球“消失”。actually實(shí)際上；suddenly突然；nearly幾乎；recently最近。根據(jù)下文“whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon…”可知，王貞儀在實(shí)驗(yàn)中驗(yàn)證月食期間實(shí)際發(fā)生的情況。故選A。【50題詳解】句意：在她的文章中，她用清晰、簡(jiǎn)單的方式解釋難懂的觀點(diǎn)，讓人們更容易理解科學(xué)。simple簡(jiǎn)單的；polite禮貌的；funny有趣的；traditional傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“sothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily”可知，王貞儀以一種簡(jiǎn)單明了的方式讓人們更容易理解科學(xué)。故選A。C.Fillintheblankswithproperwords（14分）在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其內(nèi)容通順。每空格限填一詞，首字母已給出。Whichwouldyouratherspendyourmoneyon,anoutingwithfriendsorapairofexpensiveshoes?Itismyopinionthatspendingmoneyonexperiencesbringsgreaterhappiness.Myfirstr___51___isthatexperiencesmakeusdifferentaswegrow.Wearenottheresultofthethingswe’vebought.Instead,wearetheresultofeverythingwe’veseenanddone.Forexample,gettingexpensiveclothesdidn’tc___52___measaperson,butthecampingtriplastsummercertainlydid.Itmadememoreindependent.Inaddition,Ip___53___experiencesbecausetheybringpeopletogether.Sharinganewexperiencedevelopsstrongerrelationshipsandcreateslong-lastingmemories.ThreeyearsagoImetsometeenagersonastudytripandnowIams___54___intouchwiththem,butIhardlyrememberwhatIboughtduringthetrip.Myfinalpointisthat,althoughsomepeoplesayitisagreatj___55___toownthings,Ithinkusingthethingsyouownismorepleasant.Forexample,Ispendmostofmysparemoneyonnewpartsformyoldmountainbike,butIlovetheexperienceofc___56___,notowningbikeparts!Tosumup,experiencesmakeuswhoweareanddevelopstrongerrelationships.Sonexttimebeforeyoupayforsomething,giveitsomes___57___thought.Askyourself,“WhichwillIspendmymoneyon,anoutingorapairofshoes?”【答案】51.(r)eason52.(c)hange53.(p)refer54.(s)till55.(j)oy56.(c)ycling57.(s)erious【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，作者談了自己對(duì)于人生經(jīng)歷的看法。【51題詳解】句意：我的第一個(gè)原因是，隨著我們的成長(zhǎng)，經(jīng)歷使我們變得不同。根據(jù)下文“Inaddition,Ipreferexperiencesbecause…Myfinalpointisthat…”可知，此處是在闡述作者的第一個(gè)理由，結(jié)合所給首字母“r”可拼寫(xiě)出名詞reason，意為“理由”，符合句意，故填(r)eason。【52題詳解】句意：例如，買(mǎi)昂貴的衣服并沒(méi)有改變我的個(gè)性，但去年夏天的露營(yíng)旅行確實(shí)改變了我。根據(jù)下文“Itmadememoreindependent”提示，去年夏天的露營(yíng)旅行改變了作者的個(gè)性，此處指的是“改變”，結(jié)合所給首字母“c”可拼寫(xiě)出動(dòng)詞change，空格前為助動(dòng)詞“didn’t”，故此處change應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(c)hange。【53題詳解】句意：此外，我更喜歡經(jīng)歷，因?yàn)樗鼈兡馨讶藗兙墼谝黄?。根?jù)上文“Whichwouldyouratherspendyourmoneyon,anoutingwithfriendsorapairofexpensiveshoes?”可知，作者在文章一開(kāi)頭就拿擁有某個(gè)物品與擁有一段經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行對(duì)比，故此處指的是“更喜歡”，結(jié)合所給首字母“p”可拼寫(xiě)出動(dòng)詞prefer，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及主語(yǔ)“I”可知，此處prefer應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)refer。【54題詳解】句意：三年前，我在一次學(xué)習(xí)旅行中遇到了一些青少年，現(xiàn)在我仍然與他們保持聯(lián)系，但我?guī)缀醪挥浀梦以诼眯兄匈I(mǎi)了什么。根據(jù)下文“butIhardlyrememberwhatIboughtduringthetrip”可知，此處存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故上文指的是仍然與那些青少年保持著聯(lián)系，結(jié)合所給首字母“s”可拼寫(xiě)出副詞still，意為“仍然”，符合句意，故填(s)till?！?5題詳解】句意：我的最后一點(diǎn)理由是，雖然有些人說(shuō)擁有某些物品是一種極大的快樂(lè)，但我認(rèn)為使用自己擁有的東西更令人愉快。根據(jù)下文“Ithinkusingthethingsyouownismorepleasant”可知，此處指的是擁有某些物品是一種極大的快樂(lè)，結(jié)合所給首字母“j”可拼寫(xiě)出名詞joy，空格前有“a”，故joy應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故填(j)oy?！?6題詳解】句意：例如，我把大部分余錢(qián)花在舊山地自行車(chē)的新零件上，但我喜歡的是騎車(chē)的體驗(yàn)，而不是擁有自行車(chē)零件！根據(jù)上文“althoughsomepeoplesayitisagreatjoytoownthings,Ithinkusingthethingsyouownismorepleasant”可知，此處指的是喜歡的是騎車(chē)的體驗(yàn)，結(jié)合所給首字母“c”可拼寫(xiě)出名詞cycling，意為“騎行自行車(chē)”，符合句意，故填(c)ycling?！?7題詳解】句意：所以，下次你付錢(qián)之前，請(qǐng)認(rèn)真考慮一下。根據(jù)下文“Askyourself,‘WhichwillIspendmymoneyon,anoutingorapairofshoes?’”可知，下次你付錢(qián)之前，要認(rèn)真考慮一下，結(jié)合所給首字母“s”可拼寫(xiě)出形容詞serious，意為“認(rèn)真的”，符合句意，故填(s)erious。D.Answerthequestions（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題）（12分）（Mikeistellingastory.Ithappenedwhenhewasseven.）ItwasNewYear’sEve.Inthemorning,IheardGrandmatellMumsheneededafootballfortheNewYear’sEvedinner.“Afootballforthedinner?What’sitfor?”Iwondered.“Anyway,Iwillgetone!IcandosomethingniceforGrandma.”IrememberedmyfriendJoehadanoldfootball.Iwentoutquietlyandfoundhim.Igavehimmyfavouritemodelcarinexchangeforhisfootball.Itookthefootballhome,shineditandputitonthelivingroomtablesecretly.IwaitedinmyroomforGrandmatonoticeit.“Mike!”Mumshouted.Irantothelivingroom.“Whycan’tyouputyourthingswheretheybelong?Getthefootballoutofhere!”“Butit’sforGrandma!ShesaidsheneededafootballfortheNewYear’sEvedinner.”Isaid.“Afootballforthedinner?”Mumlaughed.“No,Grandmaneedsafruitbowl,notafootball.”“Fruitbowlsoundslikefootball!Ihavedoneasillything!”Iwentbacktomyroom,embarrassedanddisappointed.Beforedinner,Mumcameinandaskedmetomeetmyunclesandaunts.WhenIwalkedintothelivingroom,Grandmawasshowingthemaprettyfruitbowlwiththeoldfootballinitscentre,Iwassurprised.“Look!”Grandmasaid.“TodayMikebroughtmeanicepresent,thisfootball.Isn’titbeautiful?”Shecontinued.“It’sbeautiful,yes—becauseanythingfromachildisbeautiful.”58.HowoldwasMikewhenthestoryhappened?______________________________________________________________59.WhatdidMikegiveJoetogetthefootball?______________________________________________________________60.WhomdidMikeexpecttonoticethefootball?______________________________________________________________61.WhydidMikethinkhehaddoneasillything?______________________________________________________________62WhatdidGrandmadowiththefootball?______________________________________________________________63.HowmightMikefeelafterhearingGrandma’swords?Explainwhy.______________________________________________________________【答案】58.Hewasseven.##Hewas7.59.Hisfavouritemodelcar.60.HisGrandma.61.BecausehemisunderstoodhisGrandma’swords“fruitbowl”as“football”.62.Sheputthefootballinthecentreofafruitbowlandpraisedit.63.HemightfeelhappybecauseGrandmalovedhisgift.（無(wú)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案，言之成理即可）【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了麥克與奶奶之間的一件感人故事。在弄清楚自己將“水果盤(pán)”聽(tīng)成“足球”造成了尷尬的局面之后，麥克羞愧難當(dāng)。但是奶奶將足球放在了水果盤(pán)里并贊美了它。這個(gè)暖心之舉化解了麥克的尷尬，體現(xiàn)了長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩的寬容與愛(ài)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)原文“Ithappenedwhenhewasseven”可知，當(dāng)這個(gè)故事發(fā)生時(shí)麥克7歲。故填Hewasseven/7.【59題詳解】根據(jù)原文“Igavehimmyfavouritemodelcarinexchangeforhisfootball”可知，麥克用自己最喜歡的模型飛機(jī)從喬手中換到了一個(gè)舊足球。故填Hisfavouritemodelcar.【60題詳解】根據(jù)原文“IwaitedinmyroomforGrandmatonoticeit”可知，麥克希望奶奶能注意到這個(gè)舊足球。故填HisGrandma.【61題詳解】根據(jù)原文“Fruitbowlsoundslikefootball!Ihavedoneasillything!”可知，麥克錯(cuò)把奶奶說(shuō)的“水果盤(pán)”聽(tīng)成了“足球”，然后自己去拿了一個(gè)足球給奶奶，所以他覺(jué)得自己做了一件蠢事。故填BecausehemisunderstoodhisGrandma’swords“fruitbowl”as“football”.【62題詳解】根據(jù)原文“Grandmawasshowingthemaprettyfruitbowlwiththeoldfootballinitscentre…It’sbeautiful,yes—becauseanythingfromachildisbeautiful”可知，奶奶將舊足球放到了水果盤(pán)中間并贊美了它。故填Sheputthefootballinthecentreofa