大學(xué)英語第一單元課件

Unit1CollegeLifeSitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.Youmayhaveimaginedwhatcollegelifewouldbelikebeforeyoubecameacollegestudent.Hasitturnedouttobewhatyouexpected?Provideexamplesinsupportofyouranswers.

GetStarted-discussionGetstartedD2.Wheneveryouthinkaboutcollegelife,whataresomeofthethingsthatcometomind?Followingtheexamplesgiven,makealistofsuchthingsinthefollowingtable.Shareyouranswerswithyourgroupmembersandcommentoneachoftheitemsyouhavelistedasyougoalong.GetStarted-discussionGetstartedD

CollegeLife

assignmentsdeadlines…GetStarted-discussionGetstartedD3.Howdoyoulikeyourcollegelifesofar?Giveexamples.4.Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantthingtoachieveatcollege?Explain.Quotes1Studythefollowingquotesabouteducation.Doyouagreewitheachofthem?Givereasonstosupportyourview.Quotes1Thethingstaughtinschoolsandcollegesarenotaneducation,butthemeanstoaneducation.—RalphWaldoEmersonInterpretation:Wedon’tgotoschoolorcollegetolearn,buttoseekthewaytolearn.

ClickPictureQuotes2Educationisnotthefillingofapail,butthelightingofafire.—W.B.YeatsInterpretation:Insteadofstuffingstudentswithknowledge,realeducationaimsatbringingoutwhatisinsidestudentsandcultivatingtheirpotential.ClickPictureQuotes3Interpretation:Teachingdoesn’treallyhelpanyone,butithelpsapersonfindoutwhathe/sheisgoodat.

Youcannotteachamananything;youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.—GalileoClickPicturevideoWatchthefollowingvideoclip“HowtoSelectYourCollegeMajor”,andthencompletethetasksthatfollow:Clickherebutofcoursethisisnotcompletelytrue.However,whenyou’regoingtocollege,yourforgoingto,everything’sgoingtobefineandyou’regoingtogetagreatjobIwouldliketotellyouthatifyouselectsomethingthatyouloveandthatyou’reselectyourcollegemajor_________________.videoclickpictureprimaryreasonpassionateaboutwithyourdegree____________,collegeistoeducateyourself,whichmeanstomakeyourselfabetterpersonboth,spiritually,mentally,allofthesethings.Hi,thisisLauraTurner,andtodayI’mgoingtotalktoyouabouthowtoFillinthemissingwordsaccordingtowhatyouhearfromthevideoclip.

intellectually______________________________Clickherevideo2.Discussthetopicwithyourgroupmembers:Whataretherecommendedconcernsinselectingacollegemajoraccordingtothevideoclip?Andhowdidyouchooseyourcurrentmajor?Accordingtothevideoclip,themainconcernsshouldbe:first,tochoosesomethingyoureallyenjoy;second,tochoosesomethingyourschooliswellknownfor.clickpictureclickpictureClickhereL&R1freshman

n.

infmlastudentinthefirstyearatcollegeoruniversity〖非正式〗大學(xué)一年級新生ingeneral

forthemostpart;commonly,usually一般說來anticipation

n.

thefeelingonehaswhenexpectingsth.pleasanttohappen期望；預(yù)期L&R1discovery

n.

afactorthingthathasbeendiscovered被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實、事物definitely

ad.

withoutdoubt;clearly無疑地，確實地impression

n.

[(on)]animageoreffectthatisproducedinthemindbyaperson,event,experience,etc.[常與on連用]

[人、事件、經(jīng)歷等留下的]印象；感想L&R1headoff

movetowards;goto朝……前進，向……去related

a.

[(to)]connectedinsomeway

[常與to連用]有關(guān)系的workload

n.

theamountofworkthatapersonormachineisexpectedtodoinaparticularperiodoftime人或機器在一定時期的工作量，工作負(fù)擔(dān)L&R1challenge

n.

(sth.with)thequalityofdemandingcompetitiveaction,interest,orthought挑戰(zhàn)性；具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物

amount

n.

[(of)]acollectionormassconsideredasaunitintermsofitssize,number,etc.

[常與of連用]總數(shù)，數(shù)額，數(shù)量deadline

n.

adateortimebeforewhichsth.mustbedoneorcompleted截止日期；最后期限L&R1frustration

n.

thefeelingofbeingannoyed,upsetorimpatient沮喪；失望

previous

a.

happeningorexistingbeforetheonementioned

在先的，在前的，以前的patience

n.

[U]theabilitytoacceptpain,trouble,anythingthatcausesannoyance,withoutcomplainingorlosingone’sself-control

忍痛的能力，忍受力，耐性L&R1diverse

a.

different(fromeachother);showingvariety

各不相同的，各種各樣的relationship

n.

[(between,with)]afriendshiporconnectionbetweenpeople

[常與between或with連用]友誼；關(guān)系sotospeak

asonemightsay

可謂，可以說，簡直是L&R1responsibility

n.

[U][常與for連用]責(zé)任（心）；責(zé)任感，可信賴性anticipate

vt.

thinklikelytohappen,expect預(yù)期，期望mission

n.

theparticularworkwhichonebelievesitisone’sdutytodo職責(zé)；使命L&R1inspiring

a.

thatgivesonetheurgeorabilitytodogreatthings激勵人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的career

n.

ajoborprofessionforwhichoneistrainedandwhichoneintendstofollowforpartorthewholeofone’slife

職業(yè)；一生的事業(yè)Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.

L&R2L&R2Inthismonologuethespeakermainlytalksabout

________.A)storiesaboutcollegelifeB)thelifeofcollegefreshmenC)carefreelifeofcollegestudentsD)differencesbetweencollegeandhighschoolL&R22.Accordingtothespeaker,thefreshmanexperiencewill________.A)enablestudentstofindtruefriendshipB)leaveadeepimpressiononeverystudentC)decidewhatastudentcandointhefutureD)teachstudentstheimportanceofresponsibilityReadthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhethereachofthemistrueorfalsebasedontheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage.WriteTforTrueandFforFalseinthespacegivenbeforeeachstatement.L&R21._____Freshmanexperienceisanunforgettableexperiencetocollegestudents.2._____Studentswillfeeljustascomfortableintheirfirstyearatcollegeasintheirpreviousyearswhentheywereinhighschoolorbackathome.3._____Studentsareabletofindverygoodfriendsatcollege.4._____Learningtoberesponsibleforoneselfatcollegeisveryimportant.5._____Freshmenshouldnotbeconcernedwiththeirfuturecareers.L&R2FTTFTL&R3Listentotherecordingagainandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.

wonderfuldiscoveriesL&R3Thefreshmanyearatcollegeis,generallyspeaking,atimefilledwith,someanxiety,and.2.Theworkloadwillbeandthemajorchallengesofcollegeworkarealargeamountofandtheshort.3.CollegeFriendshipwillbeamongtheandofone’slife.It’salwaysexcitingtodiscoverhowcollegerelationshipscanbe.anticipationheavierreadingandwritingdeadlines_____________________________________mostsatisfying_________________long-term__________wonderfullydiverse______________________________________4.Studentsshouldrememberthattheyareatcollegewithan:theyshouldn’twastetimeon

.5.Goingtocollegeisnotjusttogetadegree:itistofindoutand.meaninglessthingswhoyouareanticipatedmissionwhatyouarereallymadefor_______________________________________________________________________L&R3MainIdeaExercise1:Writedownthemainideaofthefollowingparagraphsinthespaceprovided.Para.MainIdeas23456Topstudentslearntobeorganized.Topstudentsattainacademicexcellencebymasteringafewbasicprinciplesthatotherscaneasilylearn.Topstudentsknowhowtoscheduletheirtimeproperly.Topstudentsareveryseriousaboutschoolandveryactiveinclass.Studentsbenefitfromgroupstudy.MainIdeaExercise2:Readthefollowingstatementsandthendecidewhethereachofthemistrueorfalsebasedontheinformationinthetext.WriteTforTrueandFforFalseinthespaceprovidedbeforeeachstatement.

MainIdea1.______Beingbrightdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneastraight-Astudent.2.______Atopstudentknowshowtobalancebetweenwhatismoreimportantandwhatislessimportant.3.______Onestudentthinksthatlearninganewwordwhilebrushinghisteethhelpshimlearnthenewwordbest.4.______Amessystudentmaywastealotoftime.5.______Professorsmayconcentratemoreontheneatnessofanassignmentthanonitscontent.6.______Studentsbenefitmorefromgroupstudythanfromindividualstudy.7.______Pressurefromparentsisgoodforstudents.TTFTFTFMainIdeaBasicPrinciplesThatTopStudentsMasterandApplya.b.c.d.setpriorities

studyanywhereoreverywhere

studyatone’spreferredtimebeconsistent

Exercise3:Summarizethebasicprinciplesthattopstudentsmasterandapplyintheirstudyingandputthemdowninthespaceprovided.Workingtowardsacademicexcellenceconstitutesoneofthemostimportantpartsofcollegelifeandisthegoalofmostcollegestudents.Straight-Astudents,inthisrespect,canbeofgreathelpbysharingtheirsecretsinachievingacademicexcellence.Readthefollowingtexttofindoutwhatsomeofthesesecretsare.In-DepthIn-DepthSecretsofStraight-AStudents

Aprofessorofeducationwhohasconductedmajorstudiesofsuper-achievingstudentsrevealedthattopgradesdonotalwaysgotothebrighteststudents.Accordingtohim,othereducationexpertsandtopstudentsthemselves,itisfarmoreimportantforastudenttoknowhowtohisorherinnateabilities.____________________

Thestudentsatthetopoftheclass.academicexcellencebymasteringafewbasicprinciplesthatotherscaneasilylearn.

Tobeginwith,topstudentsknowhowtosettheirprioritiesright.Studytimeisnevercompromisedforphonecalls,televisionprogrammesorsnacks.

makethemostofattain21In-DepthInotherwords,itisalwaysplacedaboverecreation.Inaddition,topstudentsmakeapointofstudyinganywhereoreverywhere.Atopstudentwhoisalsoatopathletememorisesbiologytermsasheworksouteveryday.Anotherstudentlearnsanewwordeverymorningwhilebrushinghisteeth.Amongallthestudentsinterviewed,everyoneagreedthatstudytimesarestrictlyamatterofpersonalpreference.Somethriveatnightwhenallissilent.Othersprefertostudyassoonastheycomehomefromschoolwhenthelessonsarefreshintheirminds.However,allagreedthatconsistencyisamainfactorifoneistoperformwellatalltimes.

____________properplacesbecausehesimplycannotaffordtime-wastingsearches.

Anotherstudentimmediatelyfilestheday’snotesincolour-codedfolderssothattheyareavailableforreviewnearingexaminationtime.Anothertechniqueadvocatedbytopstudentsistoreadeffectively.Thisincludesspeed-reading,improvingone’smemoryorretentionability,andactivelyaskingquestionsthatwillleadtoafullunderstandingoftheauthor’smessage.In-DepthAstudentmustalsolearntobeorganised.Forexample,atopstudentwhoisactivelyinvolvedinhisschoolband,trackandfield,rugbyassociationanddebateteamdisclosedthathekeepshisthingsintheir

3In-Depth4Itisalsoimportantforstudentstoknowhowtoscheduletheirtime.Theymustknowhowtopaceeachassignmentorprojectaccordingtotheirdailytimetableandworkabilitysothattheymightnotbeoverwhelmedbythetasksathand.

Beingabletosettimetablesnotonlyallowsstudentsmoretimetoreviewandpolishtheirwork,italsopreventsthemfromprocrastinating.Topstudentsbelievethatasecretoftheirsuccessisthetakingdownofgoodnotesduringlessonsandusingthemforrevision.Onestudentrevealedthatshewritesnotesfromthetextononesideofhernotebookandthosefromherteachers’lecturesontheotherside.Thisallowshertoreviewbothaspectsofeachlessonatonce.The____________________In-Depthstudentalsorevealedthat

insteadofwastingtimewhisperingtofriendsandgettingreadytorushoutoftheclassjustbeforethebellrings,sheusesthosefewminutestojotdownatwoorthree-sentencesummaryofthelesson’sprincipalpoints.Shethenscansthenotestorefreshhermemorybeforethenextday’sclass.5Anotherwinningformulawhichteacherspromote

liesinastudent’sabilitytohandinneatwork.Accordingtooneprofessor,thestudentwhoturnsinneatworkisalreadyscoringanA.

________

onthewaytoIntheclassroomcontext,itisequallyimportantforstudentstospeakupandaskquestions.Thisisperhapsthebestwayforastudentto

clarifyanydoubts.Classroomparticipationalsodemonstratesastudent’sintellectualcuriosity.Asastudentconciselyputsit,“Bettergradescomefrombetterunderstanding.”Thevalueofstudyingtogetherwasdemonstratedinanexperimentconductedatonetopuniversity.Thestudyrevealedthatstudentswhodiscussedhomeworkandproblemstogether,trieddifferentapproachesandexplainedtheirsolutionstooneanotherscoredhigherthanthosewholaboured

ontheirown.Theexperimentalsoilluminatedthevalueofhypotheticaltestsconductedamongthestudentsandontheirown.ThismeansthatstudentsframetentativeIn-Depth

________6In-Depthtestquestionsbasedontheirnotesandgiveeachotherorthemselveswrittenexaminationsthedaybeforeatest.Expertsconfirmedthatstudentswhodevisepossibletestquestionsoftenfindmanyofthesamequestionsduringtherealexaminationandthusscorehigher.7Anothertechniqueemployedbytopstudentsistodomorethantheassignedhomework.Astudentrevealedthatifherteachergivesfiveproblems,shewillundertaketen.Inthestudent’swords,“Partoflearningispractising.Themoreyoupractise,themoreyoulearn.”Last________

____In-Depthbutnotleast,allexpertsandtopstudentsagreethatthemostimportant“secret”ofsuper-achieversliesinthecrucialcontributionbyparents.Frominfancy,super-achieversweretaughttheimportanceoflearningbytheirparents.Thelattersethighstandardsfortheirchildrenandheldthemtothosestandards.Theyencouragedtheirchildrenintheirstudiesbutdidnotundertaketheworkforthem.Insteadofpressuringtheirchildren,theseparentswerealwaysloving,gentleandtookpainstoexplainandmotivate.Theyimpressedthelessonsofresponsibilityontheirchildren,andthechildrendelivered.

____________Q1.DoyouknowanyothersecretstowardsacademicexcellencebesidesthosementionedinTextA?Ifso,sharethemwithyourclassmates.voicingWorkingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingquestions.A1:Otherpossiblesecretsare:findoutthelearningstrategiesthatbestsuitoneself;consultmorereferences;doextrareading;takeashortbreakwhentired;etc.voicingQ2.Whichismoreimportanttoyouonyourwaytowardsacademicexcellence,intelligenceordiligence(勤奮刻苦)?Whydoyouthinkso?A2:Possibleanswers:Ioptforintelligencebecausesomepeopleholdthatonecan’tbeatopstudentifhe/sheisnotbrightenough.Ithinkthatdiligentworkalwayspaysoff.voicingQ3.Doyouthinkparentalinfluenceisaveryimportantfactorinachild’sacademicexcellence?Whyorwhynot?A3:Possibleanswers:Ithinkgoodparentalinfluenceusuallyhaspositiveeffectsonthechildrenbecauseparentsarerolemodelsandfirstteachersoftheirchildren.voicingQ4.Doyouoftenparticipateingroupstudy?Whyorwhynot?A4:Possibleanswers:Yes,IlikegroupstudybecauseIlearnbetterbydiscussinghomeworkandproblemstogetherwithmyclassmates.No,Idon’tlikegroupwork,asIfeelI’mmostefficientwhenstudyingalone.KeyWords(B)economicpeerself-inducedchargevictimeconomytuitionfeesumaccumulateloanfinancialtoughdeterminationlabdentistwebsteersecureclassicspracticalfacultycreativeKeyWordsforTextBKeyWords(B)specificprofessionseveretrulyobligatedfulfillexpectationdeandawntensionapproachdueoversleepmultiplydeliberatelyperceivepsychologicallyultimatelytrapuniqueKeyWordsforTextBKeyWords(B)ExpressionsforTextBworkoncometomajorinpayoffafterallunderpressureputtogetherpointout1.ItsaddensmebecauseIknowtheminothercornersoftheirlifeascheerfulpeople.(Para.4)2)Paraphrasethesentence.ItmakesmesadbecauseIknowthattheyarehappyandcheerfulinotherpartsoflife.1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.這讓我很傷心，因為我知道在生活的其它方面他們是開朗快樂的人

。Sentences2.Theparentsmeanwell;theyaretryingtosteertheirsonsanddaughterstoward

asecurefuture.(Para.9)2)Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure.Myparentsalwaystriedtosteermetoward

asecurefutureastheyhadplanned,butIhadmyowndetermination.1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.父母的本意是好的，他們想引導(dǎo)自己的孩子走向無憂無慮的未來。Sentences3.Onepartofthemfeelsobligatedtofulfilltheirparents’expectations;afterall,theirparentsareolderandpresumablywiser.(Para.10)2)Makeasentencewiththeitalicizedstructure.Hedidfulfillhisparents’expectationsandfinallybecameanoutstandingscholar.1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.一方面，他們覺得有義務(wù)不辜負(fù)父母對自己的期望，畢竟父母比自己年長，該更有智慧吧。Sentences4.It’ssymptomaticofallthepressuresputtogether.(Para.13)2)Paraphrasethesentence.Thisincidentisasignofallthepressuresthatcometogether.1)TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.這表明所有壓力都匯集在一起了。SentencesQ1Whatarethefourkindsofpressurethatstudentsarefacedwith?

Q2Whoshouldweblameforthosepressures?

Para.1ComprehensionComprehensionQ1Whatdoesthewritermeanby“Studentstodayliveinabrutaleconomy”?Q2Whenarethestudentsexpectedtorepaytheirloansforhighereducation?Para.2ComprehensionQ1Arestudentswhohavefinancialsupportfromtheirparentsfreefrompressure?Q2Giveoneexampletoshowwhatparentalpressureis.

Q3Doallstudentsenjoystudyingmedicine?Paras.3-8ComprehensionQ1Whatdoesthewritermeanby“caughtinoneoftheoldestwebsofloveanddutyandguilt”?

Q2Whyaremajorssuchashistoryorclassicsorphilosophyregardedwithdisfavorbymostparents?

Q3Whatdoesthewritersayaboutmajoringinthehumanities?

Para.9Q4Whatisthepossibleimplicationoftakingcoursesinlaw,medicineorbusinessintheeyesofmostpeople?Q1ComprehensionHowdothestudentsfeelwhentheycan’tchooseamajortheylike?Para.10ComprehensionQ1Whatcanbesaidaboutpeerpressureandself-inducedpressure?

Para.11Q2Canyouexplainwhyeconomicpressuremaybecloselyconnectedwithparentalpressure,andpeerpressurewithself-inducedpressure?

ComprehensionQ1WhydidLindacometothedean’soffice?

Q2Whatwasthetruthaboutthesituation?

Para.12ComprehensionQ1WhatdoesthestoryaboutLindaandBarbarareveal?

Q2Whatdidthestudentactuallymeanby“WillIgeteverythingdone?”Q3Whatarethepossiblereactionsofastudentwhosuffersfrompeerpressure?Paras.13-15Q4Whatdoesthewritermeanbystating“Pitythepoorstudentwhoisstilljustdoingtheassignment.”?Q1ComprehensionWhatdoesthewritermeanbystating“Thetacticworks,psychologically.”?

Para.16ComprehensionQ1Whocanhelptofreestudentsfromthepressurestheysufferfrom?

Q2Whatshouldthestudentsbelievein?

Para.17Activity1:

Sitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscusseachofthefollowingquestionsonthenextslide.OptionalOptionalDocollegestudentsinChinasufferfromthesamepressuresmentionedinTextB?Arethereanydifferences?Whatisyourmajor?Whochosethismajor,youoryourparents?Areyouhappywithyourmajorsofar?Givereasons.Areyouworkingparttimewhilebeingafull-timestudent?Ifso,whyareyouworkingparttime?Ifnot,doyouthinkit’sgoodtoworkparttimewhilebeingafulltimestudent?OptionalActivity2:

Sitingroupsanddiscusswithyourclassmatesthelearningmethodseffectiveinachievingacademicexcellenceyouagreewith.Finishthetableonthenextslide.OptionalLearningMethodsEffectiveinAchievingAcademicExcellencea.b.c.d.e.f.masterandapplybasicprinciples

beorganized

scheduleone’stimetreateveryassignmentseriouslyandparticipateinclass

joiningroupstudydosupplementaryreadingsOptionalActivity3:

Learningstylesaredifferentfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleprefertostudyindividuallywhileothersprefertostudycollaboratively(合作地),thatis,inagroup.Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeach?Discussthisquestioningroupsandputdownyouranswersinthespaceprovidedonthenextslide.OptionalAdvantagesofStudyingIndividuallyDisadvantagesofStudyingIndividuallyAdvantagesofStudyingCollaborativelyDisadvantagesofStudyingCollaborativelya.betterconcentrationb.atone’sownpacec.canstudyanytime/anywhere…a.withnoonetoshareideasandaskquestionsb.mayfeelboredsometimes…a.discussproblemstogetherandhenceachieve

betterunderstandingb.enjoyabletoworkwithsomeoneelse…a.possibledistractionsb.maynotbetime-effectivesometimes…UsefulExpressionsUsefulExpressionsfromTextAChineseEquivalencesitisfarmoreimportant更為重要howtosetone’sprioritiesright如何決定輕重緩急

amatterofpersonalpreference

個人偏好問題keepone’sthingsintheirproperplaces把東西放得井井有條

beoverwhelmedbythetasksathand讓手頭的工作壓得喘不過氣turninneatwork交上整潔的作業(yè)accordingtoone’sdailytimetable

根據(jù)每天的時間表UsefulUsefulExpressionsfromTextAChineseEquivalencesdemonstrate…intellectualcuriosity反映……求知欲

clarifydoubts澄清疑問trydifferentapproaches嘗試不同的方法inone’swords用某人的話說sethighstandards制定高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

takepainstoexplain不厭其煩地解釋UsefulExpressionslastbutnotleast最后一點同樣不容忽視UsefulUsefulExpressionsfromTextBChineseEquivalencesinothercornersoflife在生活的其他方面steer…towardasecurefuture引導(dǎo)……走向無憂無慮的未來majorinhistory攻讀歷史fulfillone’sexpectations不辜負(fù)某人的期望shapeone’sownfuture創(chuàng)造自己的未來UsefulExpressionsbeunderterriblepressure承受著可怕的壓力Thefollowingsentencesappearinthisunit.Reflectontheuseofthearticlesinthesentencesbyansweringeachofthefollowingquestions.

GrammarGrammar2.Atopstudentwhoisalsoatopathletememorisesbiologytermsasheworksouteveryday.(Para.2,TextA)Question:Whatwouldthesentencemeanifwechanged“Atopstudent”to“Thetopstudent”?1.Aprofessorofeducationwhohasconductedmajorstudiesofsuper-achievingstudentsrevealedthattopgradesdonotalwaysgotothebrighteststudents.(Para.1,TextA)Question:Canwechange“Aprofessorofeducation”to“Theprofessorofeducation”?Whyorwhynot?Grammar4.Itiseasytolookaroundforvillains—toblamethecollegesforchargingtoomuchmoney,theprofessorsforassigningtoomuchwork,theparentsforpushingtheirchildrentoofar,thestudentsfordrivingthemselvestoohard.(Para.1,TextB)Question:Canweomit“the”intheitalicizedphrases?Whyorwhynot?3.Topstudentsbelievethatasecretoftheirsuccessisthetakingdownofgoodnotesduringlessonsandusingthemforrevision.(Para.4,TextA)Question:Whatwouldthesentencemeanifwechanged“asecretoftheirsuccess”to“thesecretoftheirsuccess”?Grammar5.Whenateachergetsmoreandmoreeffortfromhisclass,thestudentwhoisdoingnormalworkcanbeperceivedasnotdoingwell.(Para.16,TextB)Question:Canwechange“ateacher”intheoriginalsentenceto“the

teacher”,and“the

student”to“a

student”?Whyorwhynot?Grammar冠詞的用法一、不定冠詞的用法1、表示某一類人或某事物中的任何一個，通常在第一次提到某人或某物時用a/an，以表示與其他事物的區(qū)別。

2、用其中的任何一個代表他們所屬種類的特性。

Ahorseisusefultomankind.Igavehimabookyesterday.Grammar4、用來泛指某人、某物或地方。

Aboycametoseeyouamomentago.5、用于某些特定的詞組。例如：afew

幾個，alittle

有點，等等。

Shehasafewfriendsinthiscity.Thereisalittlemilkinthebottle.Thepotatoissoldatabout30fena

jin.3、用在事物的度量單位前，如時間、速度、價格等，表示“每一個”。Grammar二、定冠詞的用法 1、定冠詞特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。Doyouknowthemaninback?Itisnotthecarwearelookingfor.2、如果第一次提到某人或事物的時候，用a/an，那么以后再提到的話，就變成特指的人或事物了。Isawafilmyesterday.Thefilmendedateighto’clock.3、定冠詞用于表示世界上獨一無二的事物或用于自然界現(xiàn)象或方位名詞之前。這些事物當(dāng)然是特指的事物，不可能有兩個或兩個以上。

thesun,

themoon,

theearth,thesky,

theworld

4、定冠詞與單數(shù)名詞連用，也可以表示這一類人或事物。

Thecatisananimal.5、定冠詞與形容詞連用，可表示某一類人或事物。這可看作是省略了名詞的用法。

Thewoundedwerebroughttothehospital.

注：the用在姓名復(fù)數(shù)之前，表示一家人：TheGreensGrammarGrammar三、零冠詞的用法1、國名，人名前通常不用冠詞：England，Mary2、泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示一類人或事物時，可不用冠詞。

Theyareteachers.

3、抽象名詞表示一般概念時，通常不加冠詞。

Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

4、物質(zhì)名詞表示一般概念時，通常不加冠詞，當(dāng)表示特定的意思時，需要加定冠詞。

Mancannotlivewithoutwater.

Grammar5、在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、假日、日期、星期等表示時間的名詞之前，不加冠詞。

WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

6、在稱呼或表示官銜，職位的名詞前不加冠詞。

TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.

7、在三餐、球類運動和娛樂運動的名稱前，不加冠詞。

havebreakfast,playchess8、當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上名詞并用時，常省去冠詞。

Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.

Grammar9、當(dāng)by與火車等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時，中間無冠詞：bybus，bytrain

10、有些個體名詞不用冠詞。

school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court

等個體名詞，直接置于介詞后，表示該名詞的深層含義:

gotohosp