商務(wù)英語閱讀課件第八章

CENTURYBUSINESSENGLISH大連理工大學(xué)出版社閱讀教程（基礎(chǔ)篇I）（第四版）世紀(jì)商務(wù)英語

主編：王洗薇Unit8

BusinessCommunication大連理工大學(xué)出版社BusinessLanguage

Howmuchdoyouknowaboutnon-verbalcommunication?Doyouknowhowtoimproveyourlisteningskillsandeffectasuccessfulcommunicationinabusinesssurrounding?Afterthelearningofthisunit,youwillunderstandmoreaboutthesetopics.Furthermore,wewillbegintointroduceanewreadingskill—PatternsofParagraphDevelopment.BusinessLanguageReadingSkillFocusWordsandExpressionsPracticalReadingComprehensiveReadingReadingSkillFocusPatternsofParagraphDevelopment(1)

Writersusuallyexpresstheirideasincertainkindofdevelopmentpatterns,thatis,theyorganizetheirparagraphsincertainwritingpatterns.Ifareadercanidentifytheorganizationalpatternsofawriting,thiswillhelphimfollowthewriter’sthoughts,comprehendthewritingandrecallthewritingafterhereadsit.Thefollowingaresomecommonpatternsusedinbuildingparagraphs:ReadingSkillFocus1.Classification(分類式)2.Listing（列舉式）3.Definition（定義式）4.Illustration（例證式）5.CauseandEffectRelationship（因果關(guān)系式）6.ComparisonandContrast（比較與對比式）ThesixpatternsabovewillbediscussedfromUnit8toUnit10.Inthisunit,wewillbeginwithClassificationPatternandListingPattern.ReadingSkillFocus

ClassificationParagraphThispatternoforganizationisusedtogrouporcategorizeinformation.Thewriterattemptstoanalyzewhereevents,ideas,orfactsfitinwithotherevents,ideas,orfacts.InthepassageofClassification,itisimportanttorecognizetopicsentencesandsignalwords,whichareveryhelpfulforreaderstounderstandandremembertheinformation.HerearesomesignalwordsoftenusedinClassification:ReadingSkillFocusgroupswayscharacteristicspartsclassesclassificationtypescategoriesfirst,second,thirdkindselements1,2,3…sortsfeaturesa,b,c…ReadingSkillFocus

ListingParagraphInthispattern,paragraphsareorganizedsimplytopresentfacts.Thereisreallynoparticularpatternofarrangementofthedetails.Theyjustintendtoinformthereaderabouttheitemspresented.Therefore,inthistypeofparagraphsorwritings,thedetailsmaybemoreimportantthanthemainidea.HerearesomesignalwordsforListing:firstonemoreoversecondanotherthenthirdnextfinallyOnmanyoccasions,therearenosignalwordsintheparagraphbutnumbers,lettersorsigns.ReadingSkillFocusA．GuidedPracticeSample1Softdrinkscanbeclassifiedintothreecategories:colaflavored,fruitflavored,andcitrusflavored.Thecolas,likeCokeandPepsi,arethefavoriteamongrealconnoisseurs.Thereisnothing,theywouldsay,likeacolatopickoneuporrefreshoneonahotday.Thefruitflavoreddrinksareforthosewithasweettoothbecausetheyarealmosttoosweet.Thestrawberryorgrapeflavorisfrequentlyoverwhelmedbysugar,andtomanypeoplethesedrinksseemsyrupy.ReadingSkillFocusThecitrusflavoredcolas,likeSpriteand7-Up,areforpeoplewholikeatangydrinkastheseseemtobeaparadoxicalmixtureofsweetandtart.Also,thesedrinksaregoodformixingwithotherstrongerbeverages.Thesetypesofsoftdrinksoffersatisfactionforeverytypeoftastebuds.該段落將軟飲料(softdrink)分為三類:（1）colaflavored;（2）fruitflavored;（3）citrusflavoredcolas，并對各種飲料的特點分別進行了解釋。從第一句話的標(biāo)志詞classified和categories可以看出本段是分類式段落。雖然在后面文中沒有給出明顯的標(biāo)志詞，但是作者列出的軟飲料的種類及其解釋是很明顯的。ReadingSkillFocusSample2

Accordingtothepowertheprincipal(委托人)hasauthorized(授權(quán))toasellingagent(銷售代理),theagentmayjustintroducethepotentialcustomertotheprincipaloractuallynegotiateandmakethecontractbetweenthetwoparties.Theyhavethefollowingcharacteristics:ReadingSkillFocusAnagentcanonlyoperatewithinthemarketingareaauthorizedbytheprincipal.(b)Agentsdonotownthegoods.Theyonlysellthegoodsonbehalfoftheprincipal.(c)Theprincipal(exporter)setstheretailprice,possessesandcontrolsthegoods.(d)Theprofitandriskoflossremainswiththeprincipal.(e)Agentsareusuallypaidwithcommission.ReadingSkillFocus本段落用字母作為標(biāo)志詞列舉了銷售代理人的特點：(a)代理人只能在委托人所授權(quán)的代理區(qū)域內(nèi)執(zhí)行代理業(yè)務(wù)；(b)代理人不擁有貨物，他們只是代表委托人銷售貨物；(c)委托人（出口商）決定貨物的零售價格，擁有并控制貨物；(d)委托人既享有利潤又承擔(dān)風(fēng)險；(e)代理人的報酬通常為傭金。ReadingSkillFocus

Readthefollowingparagraphsandseeifyoucanfindoutthesignalwordsforclassificationorlisting,andthenfinishtheexercisesthatfollow.1.Eversincehumanshavelivedontheearth,theyhavemadeuseofvariousformsofcommunication.Generally,thisexpressionofthoughtsandfeelingshasbeenintheformoforalspeech.Whenthereisalanguagebarrier,communicationisaccomplishedthroughsignlanguageinwhichmotionsstandforletters,wordsandideas.B．Let’sTryReadingSkillFocusTouristsandthepeopleunabletohearorspeakhavetoresorttothisformofexpression.Manyofthesesymbolsofwholewordsareveryvividandexactandcanbeusedinternationally;spelling,however,cannot.Bodylanguagetransmitsideasorthoughtsbycertainactions,eitherintentionallyorunintentionally.Anodsignifiesapproval,whileshakingtheheadindicatesanegativereaction.Otherformsofnonlinguisticlanguagecanbefoundinsignaltags,Morsecode,andpicturesigns.ReadingSkillFocusFilloutthetableaccordingtotheaboveparagraph.FormsofCommunication1234oralspeechsignlanguagebodylanguagenonlinguisticlanguageReadingSkillFocus

ScottOber,ofBallStateUniversity,theauthorofContemporaryBusinessCommunications,dividesinformativepresentationsintotwodistinctcategories—reportingandexplaining.Hesaysthatthereportingpresentationbringstheaudienceuptodateonprojectsorevents,tellinghowthingsaregoing.Thesesituationsmightincludeshareholdersmeetings,executivebriefings,ororalsalesreports.Theexplanatorypresentationprovidesinformationaboutproductsandprocedures,rulesandregulations,operations,andothernecessarydata.ReadingSkillFocusListandexplainthetwotypesofinformativepresentations.Reportingpresentation:bringstheaudienceuptodateonprojectsorevents,tellinghowthingsaregoing.1.___________________________________________Explanatorypresentation:providesinformationaboutproductsandprocedures,rulesandregulations,operations,andothernecessarydata.2.___________________________________________ReadingSkillFocus3.TheEnglishforAcademic（學(xué)術(shù)性）Purposeprogramhasthefollowingfeatures:?AdvancedstudentsmayattendregularclasseswithAmericanstudents.Theywillreceiveanofficialtranscript(文字記錄)whichliststheircourses.?Credit（學(xué)分）istransferabletootherschools.?Weofferadvisingonacademicmatters,careersanduniversityselection.Advisorshelpstudentswithadmissionapplicationandwritelettersofrecommendation.?StudentsapplyingtoSanDiegoStateUniversity(SDSU)mayreceivespecialconsiderationforadmissionbasedontheirclassperformance.ReadingSkillFocus?ConditionalacceptancetoSDSUorothercollegesanduniversitiesisavailableforstudentswhowishtopursueanAmericandegreeorneedthistoobtainavisa.

Pleasefindoutsomekeywordsforeachpoint..5.classeswithAmericanstudents,officialtranscript_______________________________________credit,transferable_______________________________________advisors,admissionapplication,lettersofrecommendation______________________________________________________________________________SDSUspecialconsideration_______________________________________acceptance,available_______________________________________Therearevariousformsofnon-verbalcommunication.Theterm“bodylanguage”issometimesusedtodescribenon-verbalcommunication;however,non-verbalcommunicationisamuchbroader.Non-verbalcommunicationverbalcommunication.ComprehensiveReadingTextAUnderstandingNon-verbalCommunicationconceptconcept概念，觀念complementsComplementv.補充，補足n.補充物理解非語言交流非語言交流有多種形式?！爸w語言”這一詞匯有時用來描述非語言交流，但后者卻是一個更為寬泛的概念。它對語言交流起緩和、變更或補充的作用。ComprehensiveReadingThenon-verbalpartofamessagetendstobelessconsciousandoftenrevealsasender’sfeelingsandpreferencesmorespontaneouslyandhonestlythantheverbalpart.Iftheverbalpartdoesnotmatchthenon-verbalcommunication,peopletendtobelievethenon-verbalmessage.信息中的非語言部分往往更為不自覺，在反映說話人的感情和喜愛方面，它比語言部分更自發(fā)，也更誠實。如果語言部分和非語言部分傳達的信息有出入，人們一般相信非語言部分所傳達的信息。ComprehensiveReadingNon-verbalcommunicationcanbebroadlydividedintothefollowing.

Bodymovement.Bodymovementincludesmovementsofthehands,head,feetandlegs,,eyemovements,andfacialexpressions—alltheseaffectthemessage.categoriescategory種類，類型；范疇postureposture姿態(tài)，姿勢非語言交流大致上可分為以下幾個種類：肢體動作。肢體動作包括手、頭、腳、腿的動作，姿勢，眼睛動作和面部表情。所有這些都會影響所傳遞的信息。ComprehensiveReadingSmiles,eyecontactandheadmovementsareamongthemostimportantaspectsofbodymovement.Asalespersonwhodoesnotmakeeyecontactappearstobeandtobeonsomethingotherthanthecustomer.Gestureswithhandandarmmovementscanbeusedbothtoemphasizeandtodemonstratetheverbalmessages.inattentiveinattentive疏忽的；不注意的concentratingconcentrate(on)全神貫注，集中注意力微笑、目光交流和頭部動作是肢體運動最為重要的方面。一個與客戶沒有目光交流的銷售員給人的印象是不專心，注意力沒有集中在客戶身上。用手或手臂動作做的手勢可用于強調(diào)和說明。ComprehensiveReading

Voicequalities.Voicequalitiessuchasloudness,emphasis,pitchandspeedareimportantaspectsofnon-verbalcommunicationandcanconveyquitedifferentmeanings.Ifsomeonespeaksveryslowly,itcanbeinterpretedaslackofconfidence.Ontheotherhand,someonewhospeaksveryloudlyisgenerallyseenas.overbearingoverbearing傲慢的，專橫的聲音特點。聲音特點諸如響亮、強調(diào)、音高和語速都是非語言交流的重要方面，且能表達完全不同的意思。如果一個人講話非常慢，可以看作是缺乏信心。相反，一個總是大聲說話的人通常會被看成是盛氣凌人。ComprehensiveReadingAtiredpersonwillspeakmoreslowlythanusual;adisappointedpersonmayspeakwithaflattone,whilethetoneofvoiceofsomeoneexcitedaboutacomingholidaythisexcitement.

Touchingbehavior.,handshaking,holdingorguidingthemovementsofanotherpersonareexamplesoftouchingbehaviorthatcommunicatenon-verbally.reflectsreflect反映；反射Pattingpat輕拍人疲倦時說話通常比往常慢，失望的人會用一種單調(diào)的語調(diào)，而因即將到來的假日而興奮的人，所用的語調(diào)也會反映他的興奮。接觸行為。撫摸、輕拍、握手、握住或帶領(lǐng)他人都是非語言交流的接觸行為的例子。ComprehensiveReadingTouchingcanorsupporttheotherpersonandshowfeelingssuchas,friendliness,ordominance.Ahandshake,forexample,canexpressequalityorfriendliness.Apatonthearmcanconveyorcontrol.

Proximity.Proximitymeansnearness,intermsofphysicalspace.Theuseofspacereflectsthewaypeoplefeelaboutothers.consoleconsole安慰，撫慰，慰問affectionaffection愛，慈愛，感情intimacyintimacy熟悉；親密觸摸能對人表示安慰或支持，并顯示出愛、友好或支配地位。例如握手能表示平等和友好。拍拍肩膀則能表示親密或控制。接近程度。接近程度指的是身體之間的空間距離?？臻g距離反映出人們對他人的感受。ComprehensiveReadingResearchhasshownthatpeoplespeakingtoacquaintancesorcolleaguesleaveaboutanarm’slengthofspacebetweenthemselvesandtheotherperson.Peoplespeakingtofriendsorfamilycomenearer,leavingabouthalfanarmoranelbow’slength.Peopleinintimaterelationsallowdirectandclosecontactwhenspeakingtoeachother.研究表明，人們在和熟人或同事說話時，保持大約一個臂長的距離。在和朋友或家人說話時，距離要短一些，大約是半個臂長或一個肘的距離。人們和關(guān)系親密的人說話時，允許直接和近距離的接觸。ComprehensiveReading

Artifacts.Artifactsareobjectsusedtoconveynon-verbalmessageaboutself-concept,image,mood,feelingsorstyle.Forexample,perfume,clothes,lipstick,andglassesandreflectthestyleormoodofthewearer.andclothingareimportantandhighlyvisiblepartsofnon-verbalcommunication.hairpinshairpin發(fā)夾Appearanceappearance外表，外觀物件。物件是指那些用于非語言交流的物體，體現(xiàn)自我概念、形象、心情、感情或風(fēng)格。比如香水、服裝、唇膏、眼鏡和發(fā)夾都能體現(xiàn)使用者的心情和風(fēng)格。外表和服裝是非語言交流的最為清楚和重要的部分。ComprehensiveReadingConsiderthedifferencebetweentheclothesyouweartotheandtheclothesyouweartothejobinterview.Thechoiceofclothesreflectsyourattitudetotheoccasionandotherpeoplenoteandplacetheirowninterpretationonyourdress.Evenifyoudecideyouwillnotbotheraboutpersonalappearance,otherswillreadthismessageaspartofyournonverbalcommunication.beachbeach海灘；海濱度假地你可以想想你去海灘和去參加工作面試時的衣著有什么不同。衣著的選擇反映出你的心情和你對某一場合的態(tài)度，別人也會關(guān)注，并對你的衣著作出自己的理解。即便是你不想為自己的外表費心，其他人也會將此信息作為你非語言交流的一個部分。ComprehensiveReadingTo,theaccurateinterpretationofnon-verbalmessagescomesfromknowingpeopleandtheirpatternofinterpersonalcommunication,bothverbalandnon-verbal.Whenyouareindoubtaboutthemeaningofnon-verbalbehavior,confirmitwiththesenderandtrynottomake.Thisallowsyouabetterchanceofunderstandingthemessage.sumupsumup總結(jié)assumptionsassumption假定，設(shè)想intendedintended打算中的，預(yù)期的總而言之，對非語言交流的準(zhǔn)確理解來自對人及其人際交流方式（包括語言和非語言的）的了解。當(dāng)你對非語言行為的意思存有疑惑時，應(yīng)向當(dāng)事人確認，而不要試圖去假設(shè)或判斷。這會讓你有更大的理解空間，有更好的機會去理解預(yù)期的信息。ComprehensiveReadingTask1Attheverybeginningofthisunit,you’velearnedcommonpatternsusedinbuildingparagraph.ReadTextAandseehowtheauthorcategorizesnon-verbalcommunication,andfillinthefollowingtable.CategoriesofNon-verbalCommunication1

2345Bodymovement.Voicequalities.Touchingbehavior.Proximity.Artifacts.Theword“spontaneously”(Para.1,Line6)mostprobablymeans.A.atthesametimeB.self-generatedC.promptlyD.intimatelyB

______Task2ChoosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingquestionsaccordingtoTextA.ComprehensiveReading2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Non-verbalcommunicationequalstobodylanguage.B.Bodylanguageischangeableanddeceptive.C.Non-verbalmessagesrevealaspeakers’feelingsmoretrulythanwords.D.Peopletendtobelievewhatthespeakersayswhenhis/herwordsdoesnotmatchhis/herbodylanguage.C

______ComprehensiveReading3.Non-verbalcommunicationincludesthefollowingexcept.A.voicepitchB.touchC.proximityD.self-conceptD

______4.Theword“proximity”(Para.6,Line1)mostprobablymeans.

A.thestateofbeingnearinspaceB.closenessC.intimacyD.proximatedistanceA

______ComprehensiveReading5.Peoplemaintainthesmallestspacewhentheyspeakto.A.strangersB.acquaintancesandcolleaguesC.friendsandfamilymembersD.intimatesD

______ComprehensiveReading6.Ifyouwanttoconveyapositivemessagethroughnon-verbalcommunication,youshould.A.avoidmakingeyecontactB.speakloudlywithaflattoneC.stayveryclosewithbusinessassociatewhentalkingwiththemD.dressappropriatelyD

______ComprehensiveReadingComprehensiveReadingTask3WordFormationLearning—Prefix&Suffix(1)ThefollowingaffixescanbefoundinTextA.AffixesMeaningExamplesOver-(innouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbs)morethanusual,toomuch太，過于overcooked,overproduction,overload,over-optimisticComprehensiveReadingAffixesMeaningExamplesinter-(inverbs,nouns,adjectivesandadverbs)between,formonetoanother在……之間，相互interconnect,international,inter-cultural,interaction-ness(innouns)thequalitystateorcharacterof...……的狀態(tài)/性質(zhì)/程度competitiveness,openness,happiness,awarenessComprehensiveReadingNow,readTextAcarefully,locatethewordsinthetextthatcontainoneoftheabove-mentionedaffixes,andtellthepartofspeechandthemeaningofeachword.1.over-(Para.4,Line5)overbearing________________2.inter-(Para.8,Line2)interpersonal________________3.-ness(Para.4,Line1)(Para.5,Line4)(Para.6,Line1)ComprehensiveReadingloudness________________friendliness________________nearness________________ComprehensiveReadingTask4Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.She’son

termswithpeoplein

government.(intimacy)2.Shehasachildlikeenthusiasmand

.

(direct)3.Therehasbeenan

oncontentrather

thanmethodology.(emphasis)intimate________________directness________________overemphasis________________ComprehensiveReading4.ThePrimeMinisterthattherearenoplanstoraisetaxes.(emphasis)5.Customerswantcompaniesthataretotheirneeds.(inattentive)6.Hisspeechwasanaccurateofthepublicmood.(reflect)7.Thiswillincreasepublicofthepollutionissue.(conscious)emphasized________________attentive____________reflection________________consciousness________________ComprehensiveReading8.Itwasthatledtohisfailure.(overconfidence)9.Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackof.(concentrate)10.Ourshowrooms,situatedinthebusinesscenter,offeradmirablefacilitiesfordisplayand.(demonstrate)overconfidence_________________concentration_____________demonstration________________ComprehensiveReadingTask5Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.ArtifactvisiblecomplementappearanceconfirmcategoryattitudeassumptionaccuratesumupYoushouldwearsomethinglight-coloredwhenyou’re

cyclingatnightsothatyou’re

more

.2.Therearethree

ofaccommodation—

standard,executiveanddeluxe.visible

_____________categories

_____________ComprehensiveReading3.Thegreengrassandredflowersinthegardeneachotherandformabeautifulscene.4.Iwanttoagainthetimefortheface-to-faceinterviewtomorrow.5.Themuseum’plement

______________confirm

____________artifacts

____________ArtifactvisiblecomplementappearanceconfirmcategoryattitudeassumptionaccuratesumupComprehensiveReading6.Weareworkingonthethattheconferencewilltakeplaceasplanned.7.Inyourfinalparagraph,yourargument.8.Youcanchangethewholeofaroomjustbylightingitinacertainway.assumption

______________sumup

____________appearance

____________ArtifactvisiblecomplementappearanceconfirmcategoryattitudeassumptionaccuratesumupComprehensiveReading9.Hehasaverybadtowardswork.10.Wehopetobecomemoreinpredictingearthquakes.attitude

_______________accurate

____________ArtifactvisiblecomplementappearanceconfirmcategoryattitudeassumptionaccuratesumupComprehensiveReadingTextBListeningSkillsItissoeasytosay“Beagoodlistener”butitissohardtodo.Thereisnodoubtthatgoodlistenerswillmaintaingoodrelationswithclients.Everyoneappreciatessomeonewholistenswithintelligenceand.Unfortunately,weallhaveatendencytohearonlywhatwewanttohearandtooutinformationthatweregardasunimportant.sensitivitysensitivity敏感；多愁善感filterfilter過濾，濾出傾聽的技巧“做好的傾聽者”真是說起來容易做起來難。毫無疑問，善于傾聽的人能與客戶保持良好關(guān)系。每個人都喜歡能用心智和敏銳來傾聽的人。不幸的是，我們都有一種傾向，即只想聽我們喜歡聽的話，并且濾除我們自認為不重要的信息。ComprehensiveReadingOftentheso-called“unimportant”informationcanbevitalforfullyunderstandingaclient’sneeds.Mostofusarenotverygoodlisteners.Wetendtohateleavingsilencesinaconversationandwetendtoseeallconversationsasdialogues,discussions,and.argumentsargument爭執(zhí)；理由，論證經(jīng)常是那些所謂“不重要”的信息可能對于充分了解客戶需求至關(guān)重要。我們大多數(shù)人不是很好的傾聽者。我們傾向于不愿意看到在對話時出現(xiàn)沉默，而且還傾向于將所有談話看成是一來一往的對話、討論和爭論。ComprehensiveReadingIfyoudisciplineyourselfanddecidethatyouwilljustlisten,youwillfindthatmostpeoplewillopenupandofferpiecesofinformationthattheywouldneverhaverevealedinanormaldiscussion.如果你能強制自己只聽不說，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)人會敞開心扉，講出他們在正常討論情況下絕不會講的話。ComprehensiveReadingItisalsoimportantthatyouthinkoflisteningasanactive,notapassiveprocess.Listeninginvolvesthewholebody.Yourbodylanguageandeyecontactarevitalofgoodlistening.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatgoodlisteningmakesaclientfeelasthoughyouaregenuinelyinterestedinthemandtheirneedsorproblems,anditalsomakesthemfeelgoodaboutthemselves.elementselement要素；元素同樣重要的是，你得把傾聽看成是一個積極的，而不是消極的過程。傾聽涉及整個身體。你的肢體語言和目光交流對于成功的傾聽極為重要。毫無疑問，傾聽能讓客戶感到你對他們以及他們的需求或問題真正地感興趣，同時傾聽也能讓他們自我感覺良好。ComprehensiveReadingWhilethereisnowaytodevelopgoodlisteningskillswhenyouarewithaclient,herearesomebasicguidelines.

Eyecontact.Makingeyecontactwithaclientisaverydirectformoflistening.Ifyoumaintaineyecontact,youcantellwhethertheotherpersonisagreeingwithyouornot.magicalmagical魔術(shù)的，魔法的雖然沒有神奇的方法可以讓你在與客戶相處時具有良好的傾聽技能，以下是一些基本的準(zhǔn)則。目光交流。與客戶進行目光交流是傾聽的一種非常直接的形式。如果你進行目光交流，你就知道對方是否同意你的意見。ComprehensiveReadingPractiseusing.Itisworthrememberingthatwecanspeakat120wordsperminute,butourthinkingprocessesarealmostseventimesfasterthanourspeech.

Bequietandlisten.Thetendencytotalkoverpeopleistoocommon.Ifyoutendtotalkalotyoushouldpractisebeingquietandlistening.Itisanessentialskillifyouwanttomakeafavorableimpressiononaclient.feedbackfeedback反饋練習(xí)使用反饋。值得記住的是，我們每分鐘可以說120個詞，但我們的思維過程在速度上是說話的8倍。靜下來傾聽。想說服或講贏他人的傾向?qū)嵲谶^于普遍。如果你傾向于滔滔不絕地講，你得練習(xí)靜下來傾聽。這是一項能讓你給客戶留下好印象的基本技能。ComprehensiveReading

Openyourmind.Mostofushearwhatwewanttohear.Itisagreatskilltobeabletoopenyourmindandcarefullylistentowhattheotherpersonissaying.Rememberthatyou,asdoallhumanbeings,haveand.Trytoovercomethemandlistentowhatpeoplesayratherthanmodifyingwhattheysaybecauseyouareprejudicedagainstthem.prejudicesprejudice偏見，歧視biasesbias偏見，成見；傾向敞開心扉。我們大多數(shù)人都只是聽我們愛聽的話。能夠敞開心扉，認真傾聽他人所說是一項了不起的技能。記住，與所有的人一樣，你也會有偏見和偏向。盡量克服它們，傾聽他人所說，而不要因為你對他們有偏見就將他們的話打折扣。ComprehensiveReading

Practiseactivelistening.Acceptthefeelingofthepersonyouarespeakingto(theymaybepayingacomplimentormakinga)withoutpassingjudgmentonthem.Activelyclarifywhattheyaresayingbyaskingquestions.Askyourself“Whatistheclientfeeling?”and“WhatfactsdoIneedtoconfirm?”complaintcomplaint抱怨，投訴積極傾聽。接受對方的情感（他們可能在恭維或抱怨），不要作判斷。通過提問積極地澄清他們所說的話。問自己：“客戶是什么感覺？”以及“哪些事實我需要確認？”ComprehensiveReadingRemaincalmandincontrol.Agoodlistenerisonewhoisnotruledbytheirown.Thechallengeinclientistoremainunaffectedbycommentsandandlistencalmly.Good,activelisteningisaboutemotions,andthesubtletiesofnon-verbalcommunication.Goodlisteninghearsthefeelingsthatliebehindthewords.emotionsemotion感情，情感interactioninteraction交流；互相影響criticismscriticism批評，評論perceptionsperception認識，觀念；覺察保持冷靜和鎮(zhèn)定。好的傾聽者不為感情所左右。與客戶打交道的挑戰(zhàn)是不管聽到什么評論或批評都能不動感情，冷靜傾聽。良好、積極的傾聽涉及感情、感悟和非語言交流的種種微妙之處。好的傾聽能聽到藏在語言背后的情感。ComprehensiveReadingTask6ReadTextBandseehowtheauthorliststheaspectsofdevelopinglisteningskills,andfillinthefollowingtable.WaysofDevelopingListeningSkills123456Eyecontact.Practiseusingfeedback.Bequietandlisten.Openyourmind.Practiseactivelistening.Remaincalmandincontrol.ComprehensiveReadingTake7DecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrueorFalse.

Peopletendtoignoreinformationtheyassume

unimportantandonlytakeinthe

messagetheywant.2.Peopletendtofeelembarrassedifthereissilence

duringaconversation.3.Ifyouwilllisten,youmaygetmuchmorefromlistening

thanspeaking.F

______T

______T

______ComprehensiveReading4.Listeningshouldbeanactiveprocessandthebodylanguagealsocontributesalotineffectivecommunication.5.Makingeyecontactgivestoomuchinformationandisimpolite.6.Feedbackisimportantinlisteningbecauseourthinkingprocessesareslowerthanourspeech.T

______F

______F

______ComprehensiveReading7.Peoplewhoalwaystalkalotcanmakeagoodimpressiononaclient.8.Peopleshouldtrytounderstandwhatothersarereallysayingwithoutmakingjudgmentsonthebasisofprejudices.9.Anactivelistenershouldjudgeotherquicklywhilelistening.10.Activelisteninginvolvesnotonlybodylanguagebutalsoperceptionsandemotions.F

______T

______F

______T

______ComprehensiveReadingTake8Completethefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets.1.Maybetheearthhasbeenvisitedbycreaturesfromouterspace.(intelligence)2.Theywereabouthowtospendthemoney.(argument)3.Ourproductscomparewithalltheleadingbrands.(favorable)intelligent

______________arguing

______________favorably

______________ComprehensiveReading4.Throughouthercareersheremainedve