四級(jí)技巧概說

寫作的技巧WritingSkills作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)考試作文類型及命題A.記敘文(Narration)B.描寫文（Description）C.說明文（Exposition）D.論說文（Argumentation）E.應(yīng)用文（PracticalWriting）四級(jí)作文的三段式結(jié)構(gòu)（描析表）十大功能段落第一段：[1.現(xiàn)象/現(xiàn)狀說明段][2.圖畫/圖表描述段]第二段：[3.對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)陳述段][4.利弊說明段]

[5.意義闡述段][6.原因列舉段][7.舉例段]第三段：[8.歸納結(jié)論段][9.趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)段][10建議措施段]2023/2/16句子的安排英語短文寫作既然是一種語言創(chuàng)作，就不可能像數(shù)學(xué)有嚴(yán)格的公式可套用，但卻可以找出一定的思路來遵循。第一段：引言句—擴(kuò)展句—限制主題句第二段：主題句—擴(kuò)展句—擴(kuò)展句—擴(kuò)展句—擴(kuò)展句—段落小結(jié)；第三段：連接詞+全文概括總結(jié)句—擴(kuò)展句。當(dāng)然這只是構(gòu)成短文的基本思路，其中各段擴(kuò)展句的數(shù)量在不同的文章可適當(dāng)增減，以達(dá)到內(nèi)容清晰，主題突出的目的。7現(xiàn)象解釋文模板

Nowadays,thenumberof[某種現(xiàn)象]in[某種場(chǎng)合]isontheincrease.Itisestimatedthat[相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)].Whyhavetherebeensomany[某種現(xiàn)象]?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Theforemostis[原因一].Besides,[原因二].What’smore,[原因三].Tosumup,themaincauseof[某種現(xiàn)象]isdueto[最主要原因].Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,[解決辦法一].Ontheotherhand,[解決辦法二].Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof[某種現(xiàn)象].

對(duì)比選擇型作文模板1.Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewson——開門見山直入主體，表明對(duì)某事人們的不同看法。2.Somepeopleprefer,——.表明一部分人的看法。3.Otherstendto,——.另一部分的看法。4.Astome,Iagreewith/to——作者的看法。5.Ofcourse,——.承認(rèn)自己不贊同的看法有一定的合理性。6.Forexample,——舉例說明支持第五句。7.But,——轉(zhuǎn)折指出這種觀點(diǎn)的不足。8.Thefollowingreasonscanaccountformypreference——啟下句過度到下段具體闡述自己所支持的觀點(diǎn)理由。9.Themainreasonis——.支持觀點(diǎn)的理由一。10.Agoodexampletoillustrateis——舉例說明理由一。11.Furanother,——理由二。12.Fromtheforegoing,——總結(jié)全文，從長遠(yuǎn)看來。問題解決型作文模板1.Withthedevelopment/improvementof——,——.空格一處鋪墊，空格二處填寫某一問題。2.Itisnecessarythat——.關(guān)注解決現(xiàn)象引出的問題很必要。3.Ontheonehand,——.解決問題很必要的理由一。4.Ontheotherhand,——解決問題很必要的理由二。5.Therefore,howto——isworthpayingattention.承上啟下，填要解決的問題。6.Firstly——解決辦法一。7.Secondly——解決辦法二。8.Forexample,——舉例解釋解決辦法二。9.Thirdly,——.解決辦法三。10.Inotherwords,——闡明解決辦法三。11.Infact,waysto——arecountless.指出解決問題的辦法多種多樣。12.It’stimethat——強(qiáng)調(diào)解決問題時(shí)不可待。觀點(diǎn)論證型作文模板1.Itistruethat——.提出普遍存在地觀點(diǎn)。2.However,——.談不同地觀點(diǎn)。3.Ithink——.自己地觀點(diǎn)，即文章地論點(diǎn)。4.——canbelistedasfollow.過度句，轉(zhuǎn)折到觀點(diǎn)地論證，由題目選擇具體的詞。5.Firstofall,——論證理由一。6.Secondly——論證理由二。7.Forexample——舉例具體說明理由二。8.Thirdly,——論證理由三。9.Acaseinpointis——.舉例說明理由三。10.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat——提出執(zhí)行該觀點(diǎn)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)。11.Thereisnodoubtthat——得出結(jié)論。12.Inconclusion——總結(jié)全文?，F(xiàn)象解釋型模板一1)Wehavewitnessed總體現(xiàn)象.2)Accordingto

描述圖表,具體表現(xiàn)一.

3)And具體表現(xiàn)二.

4)Manyreasonscontributeto過渡句.5)Tobeginwith,原因一.

6)Moreover,原因二.7)Inaddition,原因三.

8)Asaresult,導(dǎo)致結(jié)果.9)Astome,作者的看法.10)Firstofall,理由一.

11)Besides,理由二.

12)Toconclude,總結(jié).描述現(xiàn)象闡述原因表明觀點(diǎn)12四六級(jí)考試作文常見指示/標(biāo)志詞語

1．

舉例句：forexample,forinstance,suchas,as,like

2．

轉(zhuǎn)折句：although,but,however,yet,ontheotherhand,onthe

contrary,nevertheless,still,instead

3．

因果句：because,for,since,thereasonisthat,resultfrom,so,

thus,therefore,sothat,that’swhy,accordingly,asaresult,resultin,consequently,withtheresultthat

4．

羅列遞進(jìn)句：also,next,too,inaddition,furthermore,besides

2023/2/1135．

比較句：as…as,than,accordingas,inproportionas,while,

whereas,

6．

表示方式句：as,asif,asthough,theway,how

7．

讓步句：though,although,if,eventhough,when,while,whereas,

grantingthat,grantedthat,admittingthat,forallthat,inspiteof8．條件句：if,unless,suppose,supposing,assuming,providing,provided,intheevent,justsothat,giventhat,incasethat,oncondition,aslongas9．表示目的句：so,sothat,inorderthat,incase,lest,forfearthat

2023/2/114表示原因的常用句型1）Therearethreereasonsforthis.2）Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3）Thereasonforthisisobvious.4）Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5）Thereasonforthisisthat...6）Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat...2023/2/115表示好處的常用句型1）

Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2）

Itdoesusalotofgood.3）

Itbenefitsusquitealot.4）

Itisbeneficialtous.5）

Itisofgreatbenefittous.2023/2/116表示壞處的常用句型1)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.2)

Itdoesusmuchharm.3)

Itisharmfultous.

2023/2/117

表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能

1)Itisimportant(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)forsb.todosth.2）Wethinkitnecessarytodosth.3）Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife.2023/2/118表示措施的常用句型

1)Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.2)Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome（conquer）thedifficulties.3)Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth.4)Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted（faced）with.2023/2/119表示變化的常用句型

1)Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.2)Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications.3)Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.2023/2/120表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀的常用句型

1）Wecannotignorethefactthat...2）Noonecandenythefactthat...3）Thereisnodenyingthefactthat...4）Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin.5）However，that’snotthecase.2023/2/121表示比較的常用句型

1）ComparedwithA，B...2)A

and

B

has

several

points

in

common.

3)It

is

true

that

A

...

,

but

the

chief

faultB

(obvious

defects

)are

...

4)A

and

B

differ

in

several

ways.

5)The

advantages

of

A

are

much

greater

than

those

of

B.

6）IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.7）Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem.2023/2/122表示例舉的常用句型

1)

A

good

case

in

point

is

...

2)

As

an

illustration,

we

may

take

...

3)

Such

examples

might

be

given

easily.

4)

...is

often

cited

as

an

example.

2023/2/123表示數(shù)量的常用句型

1）Ithasincreased（decreased）from...to...2）Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased（decreased）to800，000.3）TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15％comparedwiththatofJanuary.

2023/2/124表示看法的常用句型

1）Peoplehave（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudestowardssth.2）Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.3）Peopletakedifferentviewsof（on）thequestion.4）Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...2023/2/125表示結(jié)論的常用句型

1）Inshort，itcanbesaidthat...2）Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows.3）Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove，wecancometotheconclusionthat...

29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞1.individuals,characters,folks代替(people,persons)2.positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding代替good

3.dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)代替bad

29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞4.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,many,ifnotmost)代替many.5:asliceof,quietafew,several代替some

6:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat)替think29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞7:affair,business,matter代替thing

8:shared代common9.reaphugefruits代替getmuchbenefit10:formypart,frommyownperspective代替inmyopinion11:Increasingly,growing代替moreandmore。29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞12..benefitialrewarding代替helpful13.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser,代替customer

14.littleifanything,或littleornothing代替hardly15.exceedingly,extremely代替very16.hardlyunnecessary,hardlyinevitable...代替necessary,inevitable17.sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb代替sbtakeinterestin

29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞18.captureone‘sattention代替attractone'sattention.19.facet,dimension,sphere代aspect

20.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof代indicate,suggest,fear21.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger代替cause.22.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth代替..reasonsforsth29個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞23.desire代替want.24.pourattentioninto代替payattentionto

25.bearinmindthat代替remember

26.enjoy,possess代替have

27.interaction代替communication

28.frownonsth代替beagainst,disagreewithsth29.tonameonlyafew,asanexample代替forexample閱讀技巧ReadingSkills快速閱讀技巧原則：先看10個(gè)句子再看文章文章不需要看懂步驟：看句子，畫出每個(gè)句子的重點(diǎn)詞數(shù)字，日期（全部數(shù)字化）專名（人名，地名，首字母大寫的詞）生詞，長詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)主動(dòng)詞副詞快速閱讀技巧仔細(xì)讀文章的第一段和最后一段讀每段的第一句（第一句太短讀前兩句），最后一句。中間的句子掃過。凡是看到數(shù)字（倍數(shù)，半數(shù)等），數(shù)字化。double=200%,half=50%...同義詞替換如果僅某段出現(xiàn)了某句子重點(diǎn)詞，該句屬于這段。如果一段中出現(xiàn)了某個(gè)句子重點(diǎn)詞的3個(gè)（包括同義詞），該句屬于這一段。如果一段中出現(xiàn)了某句子重點(diǎn)詞的兩次，很有可能該句屬于這一段。實(shí)在找不到某句屬于哪一段，就選最長的一段。重點(diǎn)詞標(biāo)注46.Unlikeinthepast,acollegedegreealonedoesnotguarantee

（唯一出現(xiàn)）agoodjobforits

holder.52.Youngpeopledon'tknowwhattolearnbecauseitishardtopredictwhatskillsaremostneededorvalued

tenyears（10）fromnow.（原文：adecade（10））翻譯技巧TranslationSkills翻譯評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)公式法理解原文分析句子把句子公式化（找出主干）填補(bǔ)各個(gè)成分2013年12月（3）“你要茶還是咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題。許多西方人會(huì)選咖啡，而中國人則會(huì)選茶。相傳，中國的一位帝王于五千年前發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶，并用來治病，在明清(TheQingDynasties)期間，茶館遍布全國，飲茶在六世紀(jì)傳到日本，但直到18世紀(jì)才傳到歐美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一，茶是中國的瑰寶，也是中國傳統(tǒng)和文化的重要組成部分。公式化-找句子的主謂賓“你要茶還是咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題。A是問題。問題是