綜合商務(wù)英語4

LiteratureMadeBy：向文杰，張秀秀，唐聰聰，汪慧Part1

BackgroundsMajorFormsPoetry（詩歌）Prose（散文）

Fiction（小說）Drama（戲劇）POETRY

Readingpoetryisdifferentfromreadingshortstories.

Readersoftenfindpoemsdifficultbecausetheyareusedtohavingstraightforwardmeaningsinwhattheyread.Whenwereadashortstory,orindeedanyworkwritteninprose,themeaningwillusuallybeimmediatelyapparent.Butwhenwereadpoetry,thesituationwillbedifferent.Itistruethatpoetrywillusuallymakesomesense(有某些意義)

orhavesomemeaning，butpoetryismorethanitsprosemeaning.Apoemconsistsofwordsarrangedinlinesofverse(韻文).2.Apoem’srhythm(節(jié)奏)andrhyme(韻律),too,whilehavinglittlemeaninginthemselves,mayhelptoreinforce

(強(qiáng)化),thepoem’smeaning.3.Thuspoetryisnottobereadquicklylikeprose,itshouldbereadslowly,carefullyandattentively(聚精會神地)，becauseitwillnotyielditsmeaningallatonce.That’swhatwecallapoetryProseisaformof

language

thatpossessesordinary

syntax(句法)

and

naturalspeechratherthanrhythmicstructure;inwhichregard,alongwithitsmeasurementinsentencesratherthanlines,itdiffersfrompoetry.PROSEWewill

surelyfindoneelementcommontoeveryreader‘sexpectationsbeforeexaminingaworkoffiction——tellastory.

Fiction,then,isanameforstoriesatleastpartially(部分地)imagined.

Thisterm

ismostcommonlyassociatedwithshortstories,dramaandnarrative(敘事體的)poetryInfictionthefactsarenotnecessarilytrueorhistoricallyaccurate,notusuallyhisprimaryconcern.Awriterleadsusintoaworldofhiscreationandmakesusacceptthatwhatishappeninginthestoryistrue.DRAMADramashareswithfictionmanybasiccharacteristics：Employplot，usecharacters，developathemeDramaisalsosimilartopoetryinsomeway：Extensiveuseoftheresourcesoflanguage.Difference:Dramaisdifferentfrombothfictionandpoetryinthatmostplaysarewrittentobeperformedbyactorsonastagebeforeanaudienceratherthantobereadasbooks.i.e.dramaisprimarilydesignedfortheatrical(戲劇的)presentation.

Inthissense，dramaisboththeatreandliterature.Aplaythatisintendedonlytobereadisreferredtoasclosetdrama.Therearenumerous(許多的)

awards

recognizingachievementandcontributioninliterature.Giventhediversity（差異性）

ofthefield,awardsaretypicallylimitedinscope,usuallyon:form,

genre（體裁）,language,nationalityandoutput.AWARDSThe

NobelPrizeinLiterature（諾貝爾文學(xué)獎-瑞典）The

NeustadtInternationalPrizeforLiterature(諾伊施塔特國際文學(xué)獎-美國)

Literaryprizesforwhichallnationalitiesareeligible（有資格當(dāng)選的）include:The

ManBookerInternationalPrize（布克國際文學(xué)獎-英國）The

FranzKafkaPrize（弗朗茨·卡夫卡獎-捷克）Oneofthefive

NobelPrizes

establishedbythewillof

AlfredNobel

in1895Awardedtoanauthoronthebasisoftheirbodyofwork,ratherthanto,orfor,aparticularworkitself.The

NobelPrizeinLiteratureSince1901awardedannuallytoanauthorfromanycountrywhohasproduced"inthefieldofliteraturethemostoutstandingworkinanidealdirection“Alaureate（獲獎?wù)撸?/p>

earnsa

goldmedal,a

diploma,andasumofmoney.

TheamountofmoneyawardeddependsontheincomeoftheNobelFoundationthatyear.Part2

ImportantWordsinUnitTenNewWords1.behold

[b??ho?ld]tolookatorseesb/sthsee和beholdsee是最常見的，它可以只指用視覺器官，但更經(jīng)常暗示發(fā)現(xiàn)、理解或明白behold更強(qiáng)烈地暗示對已被看見的某物的意識2.bureau

[?bj?ro?]adeskwithdrawers(抽屜）andusuallyatopthatopensdowntomakeatabletowriteon3.caterpillar

[?k?t?rp?l?(r)]毛蟲；履帶；履帶拖拉機(jī).4.Cheshire[?t?e??r]柴郡（英國郡名）

5.duchess[?d?t??s]

n.thewifeofaduke/awomanwhohastherankofaduke(公爵）

6.hearth[hɑ:rθ]areainfrontofafireplace灶臺，爐邊；

（高爐的）爐膛，爐缸；

〈比喻〉家庭；

壁爐地面

7.hedge[h?d?]樹籬(保護(hù)措施，防止損失的手段‘尤指金錢’）[fence,wattle]

8.nibble

[?n?b?l]taketiny(verysmallinsizeoramount)bitesofsth.啃，一點一點地咬（吃）[bite,gnaw(n?)]9.pebble

[?p?b?l]卵石；礫石.10.predicament

[pr??d?k?m?nt]difficultorunpleasantsituation,esp.oneinwhichsb.isuncertainwhattodo(困境，窘?jīng)r)[strait,dilemma]11.scamper

[?sk?mp?]runquicklyandoftenplayfullyaschildrenandsomesmallanimalsdo蹦蹦跳跳地跑，驚惶奔跑

Part3Theintroductionofamovie

AliceinWonderland愛麗絲夢游仙境第一版的封面(1865)作者查爾斯?路德維希?道奇森（CharlesLutwidgeDodgson）以筆名路易斯?卡羅（LewisCarroll）出版的兒童文學(xué)作品。插圖JohnTenniel出版地英國語言英語類型兒童文學(xué)出版商MacmillanPublishers出版日期1865媒介Print下一部作品愛麗絲鏡中奇遇?！稅埯惤z夢游仙境》是一個典型“荒唐文學(xué)（Literarynonsense）”的例子Alice'sAdventuresinWonderland第七章：瘋狂下午茶（AMadTeaParty）第八章：女王的槌球場（TheQueen'sCroquetGround）第九章：假甲魚的故事（TheMockTurtle'sStory）第十章：龍蝦方塊舞（LobsterQuadrille）第十一章：誰偷了餡餅（WhoStoletheTarts?）第十二章：愛麗絲的證明（Alice'sEvidence）愛麗絲（Alice）ListofminorcharactersintheAliceseries：白兔先生（WhiteRabbit）三月兔（MarchHare）紅心女王（theQueenofHearts）毛毛蟲（theCaterpillar）睡鼠（Dormouse）柴郡貓（CheshireCat）瘋帽子（MadHatter）矮胖子（HumptyDumpty）渡渡鳥/度度鳥（Dodo）愛麗絲夢游仙境(1951年電影)，1951年迪士尼公司發(fā)行的動畫電影。愛麗絲夢游仙境，2010年迪士尼公司發(fā)行的3D動畫電影。Background《愛麗絲夢游仙境》于1865年出版。故事原形乃是1862年7月4日，作者與魯賓遜·達(dá)克華斯（ReverendRobinsonDuckworth）及三位女孩于泰晤士河（RiverThames）同游。三位女孩當(dāng)中，有一位名叫愛麗絲·李德爾（AliceLiddell）；她們的父親正是兼任牛津大學(xué)副校長、ChristChurch教長及威斯敏斯特學(xué)校（WestminsterSchool）校長的亨利·喬治·李德爾（HenryGeorgeLiddell）。他們由牛津附近的FollyBridge開始，劃船到五哩外一條名叫Godstow的村莊。途中，他們?yōu)榱讼r間，道奇森就在船上向三位女孩講了一個應(yīng)她們要求“越荒誕越好”的幻想冒險故事，而故事的主角正好就是三姊妹之中的二女兒愛麗絲·李德爾。Part4Listening

Task3答案A.

1)F2)F3)T4)T5)T6)T原文：

Alice’sAdventureinWonderlandAlicesatnoddingsleepilyonamossybankbesideherbigsister,whowasreading.Presentlyapink-eyedwhiteRabbitranby,lookingatitswatchandcrying,"Ohdear-Ishallbelate!"AliceboundedaftertheRabbit,acrossafieldandintoaholeunderahedge.

AndAlicefoundherselfinalonghallofmanydoors,alllocked.Onatablewasagoldenkeywhichfittedthesmallestdoor,onlyfifteenincheshigh.PresentlytheRabbitenteredand,seeingAlice,fledindismay,droppinghisglovesandfan.Alicepickedthemupandbegantofanherself.Soonshewasonlytwofeethighanddroppedthefaninafright.Runningintothewood,shesatdownbesideamushroomtorest."WhatcanIdoforyou?"askedavoice.Alicelookedup,andontopofthemushroomsatablueCaterpillar,smokingapipe.

TheDuchesssatrockingalittlepiginherlap,theCookwassprinklingquantitiesofpepperintoakettleofsoup,andaCheshireCatonthehearthgrinnedfromeartoearather.NewWordsMossyadj.苔蘚覆蓋的Bankn.岸；堆；淺灘；斜坡Boundvi.跳躍著跑n.跳躍adj.準(zhǔn)備前往…的；正在前往…的

Sensationn.感覺；知覺；感覺能力；覺察Dismayn.驚愕；vt.使驚愕Gloven.手套Frightn.驚嚇Thereuponadv.隨即；于是；在其上

Mushroomn.蘑菇；蘑菇狀的東西vi.采蘑菇Pipen.管子；煙斗；一斗煙

Duchessn.公爵夫人；女公爵Sprinklevt.灑；撒vi.輕輕灑落n.少量Peppern.胡椒粉；甜椒；胡椒Kettlen.水壺；鍋Hearthn.壁爐爐床Grinvi.露齒而笑n.露齒的笑B：1)aholeunderahedgeAliceboundedaftertheRabbit,acrossafieldandintoaholeunderahedge.

2)intoalongpassageAfterrunningthroughtheholeadistanceshesuddenlysteppedoffintospaceandbegantofall.

Alicewaswonderingwhethershewouldstopattheearth'scenterwhen,bump!