【公開(kāi)課課件】解語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空

解語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空

解語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)法填空，要從“詞、句、篇”三個(gè)層面去思考。（1）詞匯層面方法1：做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前無(wú)形容詞性物主代詞、不定代詞等限定詞時(shí)，根據(jù)上下文填冠詞?！纠?】Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto______smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage.【解析】a

第一次提到的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前用不定冠詞，表示“一個(gè)”?！纠?】Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin______lastrow.【解析】the

特指最后一排，在序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)前，用定冠詞。方法2：句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，空格后沒(méi)有提示詞，填詞多為代詞?！纠?】Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.【解析】it

作賓語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)，替代動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)tochoose……。【例5】Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease______.【解析】himpleasehim(使他高興)，填代詞；根據(jù)句意，此處指代herfather?！纠?】Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike______?”【解析】it

指前面提到的“水(thewater)”。方法3：空格前已有主語(yǔ)，括號(hào)內(nèi)是動(dòng)詞提示，空格需填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！纠?】He______(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.【解析】waspretending

由“andgiving”可確定，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，構(gòu)成并列謂語(yǔ)?！纠?】Wheremencontrolthehousehold,lessmoney______(spend)onhealthcareandfood,whichresultsinpoorerhealthforchildren.【解析】isspentmoney與spend之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)提示應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。【例9】Oneday,Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper.Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthekitchen.Suddenly,he______(find)thathehasrunoutofsalt.【解析】found

主格代詞he后應(yīng)為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由語(yǔ)境由Oneday和“invited”可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。方法4：句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且又無(wú)并列連詞與括號(hào)內(nèi)提示的動(dòng)詞并列，說(shuō)明空格需填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。【例10】Shewishedthathewasaseasy______(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume．【解析】toplease“be+形容詞+todo”,

無(wú)需考慮其它的非謂語(yǔ)形式。此句式中常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。【例11】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhen______(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandplanting.【解析】compared

本句是whenitiscomparedto…的省略。compare與邏輯主語(yǔ)film是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。【例12】Buteveryoneaddedalittle,always______(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.”【解析】thinking

因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作added的伴隨狀語(yǔ)?！纠?0】Shewishedthathewasaseasy______(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume．【解析】toplease“be+形容詞+todo”,

無(wú)需考慮其它的非謂語(yǔ)形式。此句式中常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義?！纠?1】Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhen______(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandplanting.【解析】compared

本句是whenitiscomparedto…的省略。compare與邏輯主語(yǔ)film是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。【例12】Buteveryoneaddedalittle,always______(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant,andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.”【解析】thinking

因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作added的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。方法5：當(dāng)括號(hào)內(nèi)所提示的詞是形容詞或副詞且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時(shí)，很可能填比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)?！纠?3】Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe______(sweet).”【解析】sweeter

句意是“什么也不會(huì)比這更甜”=這是世界上最甜的東西?！纠?4】IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment______(late)thatday.【解析】later

指那天晚些時(shí)候。【例15】Itmighthavemadeitalittle______(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.【解析】harder

句中alittle修飾比較級(jí)harder，表示“更難一點(diǎn)”作賓補(bǔ)。方法6：當(dāng)“……（+限定詞）+名詞”或“……+代詞/doing/從句”在句中不做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常填介詞?！纠?6】Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman______thetrouble.【解析】forrewardsb.forsth.

表示“因……而酬謝/報(bào)答某人”?！纠?7】Hedidsothenextday.Hewasverytired______doingthisforawholeday.【解析】after/fromA.用介詞after表示“在……之后”；B.betiredfromdoingsth.為“因做某事而累”。【例18】WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready______tablehavingsupper.【解析】atattable表示“在進(jìn)餐”，是習(xí)慣搭配。（2）句子層面

方法1：連接兩個(gè)功能對(duì)等的單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子時(shí)，應(yīng)填并列連詞and，or，but，while,when等。

【例19】

Hewasverytiredfromdoingthisforawholeday,______hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.【解析】but

句中veryhappy與verytired是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，兩句間是逗號(hào)且沒(méi)有連詞，故填連詞but。【例20】SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit:neithertoomuch______toolittle.”【解析】nor

并列連詞“neither…nor…”表示“既不…也不…”。【例21】Inthedayswhenanicecreamcostmuchless,Tom,an8-year-oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop______satatatable.【解析】and

句中enteredahotelcoffeeshop和satatatable是主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作。方法2：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起名詞的作用（做主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)/同位語(yǔ)），則為名詞性從句，根據(jù)引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞在從句成分和意義確定連詞。【例22】Cursingmymisfortune,IwaswonderingwhereIwasgoingtospendthenightwhenIrealizedThatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto______shouldhavethehonorofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.【解析】who

引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句且在從句中做主語(yǔ)，指人?！纠?3】

Oneday,hecameupwithanidea______hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.【解析】that

引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明idea的具體內(nèi)容，從句意義完整且不缺句子成分?！纠?4】Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered______theboywoulddo.

【解析】what

引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)。方法3：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起形容詞的作用（做定語(yǔ)），則為定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞和關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分確定關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞在從句做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，做狀語(yǔ)用關(guān)系副詞（可轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞+關(guān)系代詞）?！纠?5】Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.【解析】where

句子+句子，中間必填連接詞；后句修飾前句，關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。【例26】

Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder______hadbeenhisteacher.【解析】who/that

代替anelder，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中做主語(yǔ)。【例27】Behindhimwereotherpeopleto______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.【解析】whom

還原talktosb.可知，用whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。方法4：若判斷連詞所引導(dǎo)的從句起副詞的作用（做狀語(yǔ)），則為狀語(yǔ)從句，再根據(jù)兩句之間的意義和邏輯關(guān)系或者從屬連詞在從句中的作用和意義，來(lái)確定合適的連詞?！纠?8】Weunderstandthislessonbest______wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren.【解析】when

引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”?！纠?9】Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopa