四川省雅安市2024屆高三下學(xué)期三診英語試題

四川省雅安市2024屆高三下學(xué)期三診英語試題姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六七八總分評分一、第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。1．Howistheweathernow?A．Hot. B．Cold. C．Cool.2．Whatisthewomanapplyingfor?A．AnIDcard. B．Apassport. C．Abankcard.3．Whydoesthemanlookworried?A．Hegotacustomercomplaint.B．Hewascriticizedbythemanager.C．Hisdaughterisill.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Suburbanlife.B．Dailyroutines.C．Transportationimprovements.5．Whoisprobablytheman?A．Arenter. B．Arepairman. C．Asalesman.二、第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽錄音，回答問題。6．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Writerandpublisher.C．Teacherandstudent.7．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Changethesubject.B．Improvethewayofwriting.C．Addmoreexamples.聽錄音，回答問題。8．WhatdoweknowaboutAlex?A．Heisinexperienced.B．HeworksintheHRdepartment.C．Hechangedthecompanypolicy.9．HowdoesthemanfeelaboutAlex?A．Doubtful. B．Disappointed. C．Confident.聽錄音，回答問題。10．Whowillpickupthewomanattheairport?A．Theman.B．Theman'sdriver.C．Theman'sworkmate.11．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Onthephone. B．Atanairport. C．Atthehotel.12．Whatwillthewomandonext?A．Gotomeettheman.B．Haveagoodsleep.C．Waitfortheman'sdriver.13．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．At1:00pm. B．At8:00pm. C．At9:00pm.聽錄音，回答問題。14．HowdoesthewomanfeelinKids&Clay?A．Fairlytired.B．Abitdisappointed.C．Quitepleased.15．WhatqualitycankidsdevelopbyworkingwithclayaccordingtoKevin?A．Beingorganized. B．Beingconcentrated. C．Beingpatient.16．WhichofthefollowingisofgreatimportancetoKevin'scareerpath?A．Specializedtraining.B．Practicalexperience.C．Degreesandcertificates.17．WhatisthefeatureofKevin'steaching?A．Showingkidseverystepclearly.B．Offeringkidsincredibleideas.C．Encouragingkidstobecreative.聽錄音，回答問題。18．WhatmoduleswillMissHolidayteach?A．RiversandClimate.B．RiversandPopulation.C．ClimateandPopulation.19．Whichofthefollowinghasasignificantimpactonthefinalgrade?A．Note-taking. B．Presentations. C．Projects.20．Whatdoesthespeakerexpectthelistenerstodointheend?A．Readwidely.B．Makeareadinglist.C．Goonmorefieldtrips.三、第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。TherehavebeenmanygreatpaintersintherichhistoryofChineseart.HerearefourofthegreatestpaintersfromChina.LiCheng(919-967)LiChengcontributedgreatlytooneofthegoldenagesoflandscapepaintingsinworldhistory.Duringhistime,hewasconsideredthebestlandscapepainterever.Heisrememberedespeciallyforthewinterlandscapeshecreatedandforsimplecompositionoftall,oldevergreenssetagainstadrylandscape.Severalofhispaintingsareindiluted(稀釋的)inkwhichgivesthemafoggyappearance.FanKuan(950-1032)FanKuanbeganhiscareerbymodelinghisworksonthoseofLiChengbutlatercreatedhisownstyleclaimingthattheonlytrueteacherwasnature.HisfinestworkTravelersAmongMountainsandStreamsisamasterpieceoflandscape.paintingandmanyfutureartiststurnedtoitforinspiration.QiBaishi(1864-1957)OneofthegreatestcontemporaryChinesepainters,QiBaishiisknownfornotbeinginfluencedbyWesternstyleslikemostofthepaintersofhistime.HecanbeconsideredasthelastgreattraditionalpainterofChina.QiBaishipaintedalmosteverythingfrominsectstolandscapes.HeisregardedhighlyinChineseartforthefreshnessandspontaneity(自然)thathebroughttothefamiliartypesofinsects,birdsandflowers.WuGuanzhong(1919-2010)WidelyconsideredasthefounderofmodernChinesepainting,WuGuanzhonghaspaintedvariousaspectsofChina,likeitsarchitecture,plants,animals,peopleandlandscapes.Wuwasinfluencedbypost-Impressionistart,animportantwesternmovement,andwentontocombineWesternandChinesestylestocreateauniqueformofmodernart.In1992,hebecamethefirstlivingChineseartistwhoseworkwasexhibitedattheBritishMuseum.21．WhatdoweknowaboutFanKuan?A．Hecopiedmanyartists'works.B．Hismasterpiecewasinspiring.C．Hisworksgainedworldwiderecognition.D．Hecreatedhisownstylefromtheverybeginning.22．WhatisonefeatureofWuGuanzhong'spaintings?A．Theyhavefoggyappearances.B．Theyfocusonasingletheme.C．TheycomeunderWesterninfluence.D．Theyshowtraditionalpaintingskills.23．WhatdidthefourChinesepaintershaveincommon?A．Theyallcreatedlandscapepaintings.B．TheywereallinfluencedbyWesternart.C．TheywereallpioneersinChinesearthistory.D．TheirworkswereallexhibitedattheBritishMuseum.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。JosefaMarinwenttoNewYorkfromMexicoin1987,supportingherdaughterbackhomewiththe$140aweeksheearnedatasweaterfactory.Withthatsmallincome,shehadtocollectrecyclables,tradingincansforfivecentseach.Whentheclothingfactorycloseddowninthelate2000s,shebecameafull-timerecycler,pickingupcansandbottlestomakeendsmeet.Marin'sstoryisnotunique.Millionsaroundtheworldmakealivingfrompickingthroughwasteandresellingit—avitalrolethatkeepswastemanageable.InNewYorkCity,theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecansthatcouldberecycled.Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfillseveryyear.Yetcollectorsareruledoutbygovernmentpolicies.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtin1988statedthathouseholdgarbageispublicpropertyonceit'sonthestreet.Thatenablespolicetosearchrubbishforevidence,butthatprotectionhasn'talwaysbeenextendedtorecyclers.AndinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,whichistestingcity-ownedlockedcontainerstohidegarbagefromrats,containersaremadeclearlyinaccessibleforcollectors."There'svalueinthewaste,andwefeelthatvalueshouldbelongtothepeople,notthecityorthecorporations",saysRyanCastalia,directorofanonprofitrecyclingandcommunitycenterinBrooklyn.Recognizedornot,wastepickershavelongbeentreatedwithdisrespect.Marinrecallsanoccasionwhensomeonelivingnexttoabuildingwhereshewascollectingcansthrewwaterather."Itdoesn'tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelsebecauseIrecycle",shesays.Somegovernmentsarestartingtorealizethatprotectingtheenvironmentandhumanitygohandinhand.TheUnitedNation's2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,forexample,callsforanendtopovertyandalltherisksitbrings.24．WhydoestheauthorstartthepassagewithMarin'sstory?A．Tosuggestwastecollectors'importance.B．Toreflectlaid-offworkers'hardship.C．Topraiseherdevotiontoherdaughter.D．Toshowtheseriousnessofunemployment.25．WhatcanwelearnaboutthewastementionedinParagraph4?A．Itisalwaysavailableonthestreetforcollectors.B．Itispublicpropertynomatterwhereitis.C．Itisactuallyonlyaccessibleforcertaingroups.D．Itishiddenincontainersforrats.26．WhatwouldMarinagreewith?A．Businessisbusiness.B．Nojobisnobleorhumble.C．Theearlybirdcatchesworms.D．Onegoodturndeservesanother.27．What'sthewritingpurposeofthispassage?A．Toarguehowimportantitistogetridofpoverty.B．Tocallongovernmentstoworkhandinhandtoprotecttheenvironment.C．Toprovethatunemployedpeoplecanmakealivingbycollectingrecyclables.D．Totellthatenvironmentalprotectioniscloselyrelatedtopreservinghumanity.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Abouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers'interests,whetherthey'replants,sports,cats,orpolitics.KyleChayka,awriterforTheNewYorker,discussesthistopicinhisbook,Filterworld.Heexplainsthatalgorithmsanalyzeuserdatatopredictandinfluencewhattheywilllikelyengagewith.Thismeansthatinsteadofasimple,chronological(按時間順序的)feed,usersencounteradynamicstream,constantlyadaptingtotheirpreferences.Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar.Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsmakeuspassivebyalwaysshowinguscontentthatwe'reunlikelytoclickawayfrombutwon'tfindtoounexpectedorchallenging.Thisconstantstreamofrecommendationsreducesourexposuretodiverseorchallengingcontent,subtlyshapingourpreferencesandbehaviors.Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener'sattention.Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocialmediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka'sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld.28．Accordingtothetext,howhavesocialmediaplatformschangedinthepasttenyears?A．Theyshowpostsinatime-basedorder.B．Theydecideconsumers'differentneeds.C．Theymakeadjustmentstosatisfyusers'needs.D．Theypresentpostsfromfriendsandfamilyfirst.29．WhatdoesKyleChaykathinkofalgorithmicrecommendations?A．Theymakeusersmoreactiveconsumers.B．Theyaffectusers'preferencesandbehaviors.C．Theyreducetheinfluenceofcontentcreators.D．Theyexposeuserstodiverseandchallengingcontent.30．Howdoalgorithmsinfluencecontentcreators?A．Byencouragingthemtocreatemoreworks.B．Bydiscouragingthemfromusingcatchyhooks.C．Bygivingthemmorefreedomtoproducetheirworks.D．Byforcingthemtoadapttheirworkstousers'interests.31．What'stheauthor'sattitudetoalgorithmicrecommendations?A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Positive. D．Indifferent.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Whenyouaskpeopletojudgeothersbytheirspeech,atrendemerges:Listenersdislikedisfluency.Slowtalkersproducingloadsofumsandpausesaregenerallyconsideredaslesscharming.Butsciencetellsustheremaybeevenmoretodisfluency.Disfluenciesdonotoccurinarbitrarypositionsinsentences.Umstypicallyoccurrightbeforemoredifficultorlow-frequencywords.Imagineyou'rehavingdinnerwithafriendatarestaurant,andthere'rethreeitemsonthetable:aknife,aglass,andawinedecanter(醒酒器).Yourfriendturnstoyouandsays,"Couldyouhandmethe…um..."Whatwouldyouassumeyourfriendwants?Sinceit'sunlikelythattheywillhesitatebeforesuchcommonwordsasknife,andglass,chancesareyou'llpickupthedecanterandask,"Youmeanthis?"Thisisexactlywhatwedemonstratedthroughcontrolledeye-trackingstudiesinourlab.Apparently,listenersheartheumandpredictthatanuncommonwordismostlikelytofollow.Suchpredictions,though,reflectmorethanjustsimpleassociationbetweendisfluenciesanddifficultwords;listenersareactivelyconsideringfromthespeaker'spointofview.Forexample,whenhearinganon-nativespeakersaythesamesentencebutwithathickforeignaccent,listenersdon'tshowapreferenceforlookingatlow-frequencyobjects.Thisisprobablybecauselistenersassumenon-nativespeakersmayhaveasmuchtroublecomingupwiththeEnglishwordforacommonobject,likeaknife,asforunusualonesandcan'tguesstheirintention.Inanotherexperiment,listenerswerepresentedwithanatypicalspeakerwhoproduceddisfluenciesbeforesimplewordsandneverbeforedifficultwords.Initially,participantsdisplayedthenaturalpredictivestrategy:lookingatuncommonobjects.However,asmoretimewentby,andtheygainedexperiencewiththisatypicaldistributionofdisfluencies,listenersstartedtodemonstratethecontrarypredictivebehavior:Theytendedtolookatsimpleobjectswhenhearingthespeakersayum.Thesefindingsrepresentfurtherevidencethatthehumanbrainisapredictionmachine:Wecontinuouslytrytopredictwhatwillhappennext,eventhoughnotalldisfluenciesarecreatedequal.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arbitrary"meaninParagraph2?A．Random. B．Leading. C．Obvious. D．Consistent.33．Whatcanbeinferredfromnon-nativespeakers'disfluencies?A．Non-nativespeakers'accentwon'tinfluencelisteners'predictions.B．Non-nativespeakersaregoodatcomingupwithunusualEnglishwords.C．Non-nativespeakers'intentionincommunicationiseasytounderstand.D．Non-nativespeakers'disfluenciesarealittlelesspredictive.34．WhatdoestheexperimentinParagraph4show?A．Simplethingsaredifficultinsomecases.B．Listenerscanadjustpredictionsaccordingly.C．Distributionofdisfluenciesisunchangeable.D．Disfluenciesincommunicationcanbeavoided.35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．PausesCoexistwithPredictionB．ActiveListenersSimplifyTalksC．DisfluencySaysMoreThanYouThinkD．BrainsArePowerfulPredictionMachines四、第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WaystoCreateanExerciseHabitAlotofpeoplewanttoknowhowtogetmotivatedtoworkoutandbuildanexercisehabitthatsticks.Ofcourse,wantingtomakeexerciseahabitandactuallydoingitaretwodifferentthings.36．.Livinganewtypeoflifestyleishard.Buttherearesomestrategiesthatcanmakeiteasiertostickwithanexercisehabit.Developaroutinetomakestartingeasier.37．.Thatmeanstheyarealsobehaviorsthatyoustartoverandoveragain.Ifyoucandeveloparoutinethatmakesstartingyourworkoutmindlessandautomatic,thenitwillbemucheasiertofollowthrough.Youcanstartbuildingyourownroutinebyaddingyourexercisehabitontopofacurrenthabitorbysettingascheduleforyourself.Startwithanexercisethatisverysmall.Thebestwaytomakeexerciseahabitistostartwithanexercisethatissoeasythatyoucandoitevenwhenyoucan'tgetmotivatedtoworkout.Strugglingtofindmotivationtogoforarun?Justfillupyourwaterbottleandputonyourrunningshoes.38．.Often,thislittlestartwillbeenoughtogetyourmotivationflowingandhelpyoufinishthetask.39．.Thetypicalapproachtodietandexerciseistofocusonresultsfirst.Mostpeoplestartwithsometypeofgoal."Iwanttolose20poundsinthenext4months."Or,"Iwanttosquat(蹲舉)50poundsmoresixmonthsfromnow."Thisisthewrongapproach.40．,nottheresultsthatyouget.A.ChangingyourbehaviorisdifficultB.FocusonthehabitfirstandtheresultslaterC.HabitsarebehaviorsthatyourepeatoverandoveragainD.NeverworkoutwhileyouarerunninglowonwillpowerE.That'sallyouhavetodotoconsidertoday'sworkoutasuccessF.Ifyoudon'tconsistentlygetstarted,thenyouwon'thaveahabitG.Whatmattersmostinthebeginningisestablishinganewnormalthatyouwillstickto五、第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Anyonewhoknowsmewellwouldalmostcertainlylabelmeanoptimist.Ibelieveinembracinghopeandfindingsomething41．eveninthemostdifficult42．.Withthatbeingsaid,evenoptimistscantemporarily43．hope.ThiswasthecaseformeonaparticularlycoldandgloomyJanuaryday.Health,andfinancial44．hadjoinedforcestocreateatornadoofemotionthatthreatenedtocrushmyspirit.Ifeltangry,frustrated,and45．.Theweatherseemedtoreflectmymood—thegraysky46．evenasinglerayofsunlight.Aboutmidwaythroughtheday,Inoticedthatthesunhad47．forabriefmoment.Ibegantothinkaboutmynegative48．a(chǎn)ndremindedmyselfthatIwas49．forchoosingmystateofmind.EvenasIconsciouslyremindedmyselfofthistruth,Ifeltincapableofmakingthe50．.Stillfeelingpessimisticandnegative,Ileftworktogetsome51．.AsI52．a(chǎn)taredlight,Ilookedatthecardirectlyinfrontofmine.Thepersonalizedlicenseplate(車牌)53．myeye—itread"SUNOUT".Thisbroughtanimmediatesmiletomyface.Itfeltlikeareminderthatthesunwas54．a(chǎn)fterall,andinthemidstofthelongest,darkest,coldestwinterinyears,thisinitselfwasablessing.55．whenmyeyesmovedtothecarthatwas56．parallel(并行的)totheSUNOUTvehicle,Ifoundthelicenseplateonthatcarread"GROUCH(發(fā)牢騷)".SoasIreadthesetwolicenseplatessidebyside,Isaidoutloud"SUNOUT,GROUCH".Thisbroughtmorethana57．tomyfaceasIlaughedoutloud!Seeingthetwovery58．licenseplatesrightnexttoeachotheratthatexactmomentintimealso59．mypreviousrecognitionofmyabilitytochoosemyoutlook(態(tài)度)despitemycircumstances.Ifeltmyspiritsandmood60．a(chǎn)sImadetheconsciousdecisiontochooseapositiveattitude.41．A．negative B．disappointingC．confusing D．positive42．A．a(chǎn)rrangements B．circumstancesC．descriptions D．tasks43．A．lose B．find C．seize D．hug44．A．benefits B．struggles C．levels D．systems45．A．burdened B．unconscious C．warm D．calm46．A．defeated B．took C．blocked D．welcomed47．A．gonedown B．goneout C．setout D．comeout48．A．effect B．a(chǎn)spect C．a(chǎn)ttitude D．behavior49．A．a(chǎn)nxious B．responsible C．fit D．eager50．A．contribution B．promise C．shift D．comparison51．A．breakfast B．dinner C．brunch D．lunch52．A．moved B．cried C．stopped D．wandered53．A．hurt B．caught C．covered D．hit54．A．shining B．sinking C．disappearing D．setting55．A．So B．Still C．Even D．But56．A．finally B．perfectly C．frequently D．seriously57．A．doubt B．blow C．smile D．shadow58．A．familiar B．colourful C．a(chǎn)mazing D．opposite59．A．strengthened B．exposed C．introduced D．observed60．A．lifted B．hidden C．dropped D．broken六、第三部分英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnNovember14th,2022,theParis2024OlympicsandParalympicspresentedtheirofficialmascots(吉祥物)—thePhryges.Thecartoonish61．(image)aresmallcone-shapedcaps.Justlikethe62．(nation)flagofFrance,Phrygesareinred,whiteandbluecolors.Plus,thegoldenParis2024logo63．(print)acrosstheirchests.Thedifference64．thetwomascotsisthattheParalympicPhrygewears65．a(chǎn)rtificiallegthatgoestotheknee.TheParalympiccommitteewants66．(express)thatwiththehelpofman-madedevices,disabledpeoplecanstandupfrom67．(they)wheelchairsandrunasfastaslightning.Thetwomascotsshareamottoof"Alonewegofaster,buttogetherwego68．(far)."TheOlympicPhrygeisdescribedas"skilledinusingstrategiesand69．(have)acalculatingbrain",whiletheParalympiconeis"open,naturalandfullofenergyandenthusiasm".ThedesignofthePhrygeswasinspiredbysmallPhrygiancaps,anitemofclothing70．datesbacktoancienttimesandhasbeenpartofFrenchhistoryforcenturies.Nowadays,thePhrygiancaphasbecomeaFrenchsymboloffreedom.七、第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)71．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。LastSaturdaywasMayDay,whichmyclassparticipatedinthelaborpracticeholdinourschoolvegetablebase.Atdawn,wecycledtobase.Onarrival,wewereshownaroundbyourteacherandthenassigneddifferenttask.Undertheteacher'sguidance,weturneddownthesoil,weeded,plantedvegetablesliketomatoesandeggplantsandwaterthem.Lookingatlinesofyounggreenvegetables,webothfeltexcited.Theteachercheerfulsaidwe'denjoyvegetablesgrownbyourselvessoon,whichfilleduswithasenseofachievement.Atnoon,wewentbacktoschool.Themeaningfulactivityofferedtousachancetolearnaboutfarming.Thoughtiring,wedidfeelthepleasureandvalueoflabor.八、第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第二節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)72．假如你叫李華，是一名高三學(xué)生。你的學(xué)校校刊英文專欄正在開展主題為"WhattoDointheFaceofDifficulty"的征稿活動,請分享你的經(jīng)驗和建議。要點包括:1.你對困難的理解和態(tài)度。2.分享你的一次相關(guān)經(jīng)歷。3.提出應(yīng)對困難的建議。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。WhattoDointheFaceofDifficulty.

答案解析部分1．【答案】A2．【答案】B3．【答案】C4．【答案】C5．【答案】A【答案】6．A7．B【答案】8．A9．C【答案】10．B11．A12．C13．C【答案】14．C15．B16．B17．C【答案】18．B19．C20．A【答案】21．B22．C23．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國歷史上四位偉大的畫家：李成、范寬、齊白石和吳冠中。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題，是一篇人物類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。21．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)FanKuan(950-1032)部分中的"HisfinestworkTravelersAmongMountainsandStreamsisamasterpieceoflandscapepaintingandmanyfutureartiststurnedtoitforinspiration."他最優(yōu)秀的作品《溪山行旅圖》是山水畫的杰作，許多后來的藝術(shù)家都從這幅畫中獲得靈感?？芍?，范寬的代表作《溪山行旅圖》給予后來者啟發(fā)和靈感。故選B。22．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)WuGuanzhong(1919-2010)部分中的"Wuwasinfluencedbypost-Impressionistart,animportantwesternmovement,andwentontocombineWesternandChinesestylestocreateauniqueformofmodernart."后印象派藝術(shù)是一個重要的西方運動，吳受其影響并繼續(xù)將西方和中國風(fēng)格結(jié)合起來，創(chuàng)造了一種獨特的現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)形式?？芍?，吳冠中的繪畫受到西方的影響。故選C。23．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)LiCheng(919-967)部分中的"LiChengcontributedgreatlytooneofthegoldenagesoflandscapepaintingsinworldhistory."李成為世界歷史上山水畫的黃金時代之一做出了巨大貢獻；FanKuan(950-1032)部分中的"HisfinestworkTravelersAmongMountainsandStreamsisamasterpieceoflandscapepaintingandmanyfutureartiststurnedtoitforinspiration."他最優(yōu)秀的作品《溪山行旅圖》是山水畫的杰作，許多后來的藝術(shù)家都從這幅畫中獲得靈感；QiBaishi(1864-1957)部分中的"QiBaishipaintedalmosteverythingfrominsectstolandscapes."齊白石幾乎什么都畫，從昆蟲到山水；以及WuGuanzhong(1919-2010)部分中的"WidelyconsideredasthefounderofmodernChinesepainting,WuGuanzhonghaspaintedvariousaspectsofChina,likeitsarchitecture,plants,animals,peopleandlandscapes."吳冠中被廣泛認為是現(xiàn)代中國畫的創(chuàng)始人，他畫過中國的各個方面，比如建筑、植物、動物、人物和山水?？芍@四位中國畫家創(chuàng)作山水畫。故選A?！敬鸢浮?4．A25．C26．B27．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了JosefaMarin從墨西哥來到紐約，通過回收廢品支持家庭的故事。她的經(jīng)歷揭示了全球數(shù)百萬依靠回收廢品維持生計的"垃圾拾荒者"的困境。盡管他們?yōu)槌鞘协h(huán)境做出了貢獻，但政府政策往往忽視他們的權(quán)益。然而，隨著對環(huán)境問題和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)注增加，一些政府開始重視他們的角色和權(quán)益。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。24．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"JosefaMarinwenttoNewYorkfromMexicoin1987,supportingherdaughterbackhomewiththe$140aweeksheearnedatasweaterfactory.Withthatsmallincome,shehadtocollectrecyclables,tradingincansforfivecentseach."1987年，約瑟法·馬林(JosefaMarin)從墨西哥來到紐約，用她在毛衣廠每周掙到的140美元養(yǎng)活女兒。由于收入微薄，她不得不收集可回收物品，以每個5美分的價格出售易拉罐；第二段"Whentheclothingfactorycloseddowninthelate2000s,shebecameafull-timerecycler,pickingupcansandbottlestomakeendsmeet."2000年代末，服裝廠倒閉后，她成了一名全職的回收工，撿易拉罐和瓶子來維持生計。講述了Marin撿垃圾維持生計的故事；以及第三段"Marin'sstoryisnotunique.Millionsaroundtheworldmakealivingfrompickingthroughwasteandresellingit—avitalrolethatkeepswastemanageable.InNewYorkCity,theadministrativedepartmentcollectsonlyabout28percentofthecansthatcouldberecycled.Rubbishcollectorskeepmillionsofadditionalrecyclablesoutoflandfillseveryyear."馬林的故事并非個例。世界各地有數(shù)百萬人通過撿垃圾和轉(zhuǎn)售來謀生——這是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在紐約市，管理部門只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年從垃圾填埋場中取出數(shù)百萬件可回收物品?？赏浦?，作者以Marin的故事作為文章的開頭是為了說明垃圾撿拾者的重要作用：他們在城市垃圾管理中扮演重要角色。故選A。25．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段"Yetcollectorsareruledoutbygovernmentpolicies.TheUnitedStatesSupremeCourtin1988statedthathouseholdgarbageispublicpropertyonceit'sonthestreet.Thatenablespolicetosearchrubbishforevidence,butthatprotectionhasn'talwaysbeenextendedtorecyclers.AndinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,whichistestingcity-ownedlockedcontainerstohidegarbagefromrats,containersaremadeclearlyinaccessibleforcollectors."然而，回收者卻被政府政策排除在外。1988年，美國最高法院裁定，一旦家庭垃圾被扔到街上，它就成為公共財產(chǎn)。這使得警察可以在垃圾中搜尋證據(jù)，但這種保護并沒有總是延伸到拾荒者。而在紐約市等地，為了防止老鼠接觸垃圾，正在測試城市擁有的帶鎖容器，這些容器明顯無法讓拾荒者接近。可知，段中提到只有警察可以在垃圾中搜尋證據(jù)，而拾荒者無法接近垃圾。即第四段提到的垃圾只對特定的群體開放。故選C。26．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的"Marinrecallsanoccasionwhensomeonelivingnexttoabuildingwhereshewascollectingcansthrewwaterather.‘Itdoesn'tmeanIamlessofapersonthananyoneelsebecauseIrecycle',shesays."馬林回憶說，有一次，她正在撿飲料罐，隔壁的人向她潑水。她說："這并不意味著我因為回收垃圾就不如別人。"可知，雖然Marin遭到歧視，但她并不認為回收垃圾就不如別人，所以，她會贊成"工作沒有高貴或卑微之分"這一說法。故選B。27．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Somegovernmentsarestartingtorealizethatprotectingtheenvironmentandhumanitygohandinhand."一些政府開始意識到保護環(huán)境和保護人類是息息相關(guān)的?？芍?，本文講述了JosefaMarin這樣的拾荒者，他們通過回收廢品來支持家庭，將環(huán)保與生存直接聯(lián)系起來，作者借此說明環(huán)境保護與保護人類息息相關(guān)。故選D?！敬鸢浮?8．C29．B30．D31．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者通過引用《紐約時報》作家凱爾·柴卡在其著作《過濾世界》中的觀點，探討了社交媒體算法如何影響用戶和內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者。文章指出，算法通過分析用戶數(shù)據(jù)來預(yù)測和影響用戶可能感興趣的內(nèi)容，導(dǎo)致用戶成為被動消費者，偏好和品味逐漸趨同。同時，算法也迫使內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者調(diào)整創(chuàng)作以適應(yīng)這些平臺，對觀眾和創(chuàng)作者都產(chǎn)生了深遠影響。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。28．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段"Abouttenyearsago,loggingintoFacebook,Twitter,orInstagramwouldmostlyshowpostsfromfriendsandfamilyintheordertheywereposted.Today,theseplatformspresentamixofcontent,tailoredbyalgorithms(算法)tomatchusers'interests,whetherthey'replants,sports,cats,orpolitics."大約十年前，登錄Facebook、Twitter或Instagram，看到的大多是朋友和家人發(fā)布的帖子，按先后順序展示。如今，這些平臺呈現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容混合在一起，由算法定制，以匹配用戶的興趣，無論是植物、體育、貓還是政治?？芍?，社交媒體平臺不再按時間先后順序展示內(nèi)容，它們作出調(diào)整，根據(jù)用戶的興趣，按用戶的需求來呈現(xiàn)內(nèi)容。故選C。29．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Chaykaexamineshowthesealgorithmicrecommendationscontrolwhatweconsume,frommusicandmoviestofoodandtraveldestinations.Hearguesthatthismachine-drivenselectionprocesshasturnedusintopassiveconsumers,makingourpreferencesandtastesmoresimilar."Chayka研究了這些算法推薦如何控制我們的消費，從音樂和電影到食物和旅游目的地。他認為，這種機器驅(qū)動的選擇過程把我們變成了被動的消費者，使我們的偏好和品味更加相似。可知，Chayka認為算法推薦把我們變成了被動的消費者，影響了用戶的偏好和行為。故選B。30．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"Moreover,Chaykapointsoutthatalgorithmsalsopressurecontentcreators,likemusiciansandartists,totailortheirworktofitthesedigitalplatforms.Forinstance,musiciansonSpotifyorTikTokmightfocusoncreatingcatchyhooksatthebeginningoftheirsongstograbthelistener'sattention."此外，Chayka還指出，算法還會迫使音樂家和藝術(shù)家等內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作者調(diào)整自己的作品，以適應(yīng)這些數(shù)字平臺。例如，Spotify或TikTok上的音樂家可能會專注于在歌曲開頭創(chuàng)造朗朗上口的歌詞，以吸引聽眾的注意力?？赏浦惴〞仁挂魳芳液退囆g(shù)家等創(chuàng)作者根據(jù)平臺用戶的興趣調(diào)整自己的作品，以吸引聽眾的注意力。故選D。31．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Insummary,thechangefromsimple,time-orderedsocialmediapoststoalgorithm-drivencontenthasabigimpactonboththeviewersandthecreators,influencingwhatwesee,hear,andeventhink.Chayka'sinsightshighlighttheneedforgreaterawarenessandpotentiallymoreregulationinourincreasinglydigitalworld."總之，從簡單的、按時間順序排列