【課件】高一英語(yǔ)銜接教育：時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)

恩施市一中高一英語(yǔ)銜接教學(xué)之時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)Readandtranslatethesentences我一般早上7點(diǎn)鐘起床。我昨天早上7點(diǎn)起的床。明天我要7點(diǎn)起床。昨天我決定了我要7點(diǎn)就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7點(diǎn)我正在起床。我已經(jīng)起床了昨天7點(diǎn)我已經(jīng)起床了。thinkHowmanytypesofverbformswillbeusedifyoutranslatethesesentences?Whatarethey?1.Iusuallygetupat7:00inthemorning.2.Igotupat7:00amyesterday.3.Iwillgetupat7:00amtomorrow.4.Yesterday

IdecidedthatIwouldgetupat7:00am.5.Iamgettingup.6.Iwasgettingupat7:00amyesterday.7.Ihavegotup.8.Ihadgotupby7:00amyesterday.我一般早上7點(diǎn)鐘起床。我昨天早上7點(diǎn)起的床。明天我要7點(diǎn)起床。昨天我決定了我要7點(diǎn)就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7點(diǎn)我正在起床。我已經(jīng)起床了昨天7點(diǎn)我已經(jīng)起床了。Translatethesentences我一般晚上八點(diǎn)鐘看電視。他們每周回家一次。我們通常在家里做作業(yè)。

IalwayswatchTVat8:00intheevening.Theygohomeonceaweek.

Weusuallydoourhomeworkathome.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)simplepresenttense4.他住在貧困的發(fā)展中國(guó)家。5.我的工作是教學(xué)生英語(yǔ)。

Helivesinapoordevelopingcountry.MyjobistoteachthestudentsEnglish.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),時(shí)常以動(dòng)詞原形表示，但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s或-es。6.太陽(yáng)總是從東邊升起。7.光比聲音快。

Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.2.表客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)或普遍真理。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.CorrectthemistakesIamliveinasmallvillageinthewestofChina.Heislikefootballverymuch.sgrow,rice,thesouthofChina,inRicegrowsinthesouthofChina.Let’spractisegotoschool,LiPing,often,afterbreakfast.Lipingoftengoestoschoolafterbreakfast.gotowork,car,by,she,often,onfoot,insteadof.

Sheoftengoestoworkbycarinsteadofonfoot.2.一般過去時(shí)simplepasttense1）一般過去時(shí)表示發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，通常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays，theotherday.等連用。2）句型結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)＋Ｖ.過去時(shí)＋賓語(yǔ)＋…Iwasastudent16yearsago.IwenttoBeijinglastyear.Theysawafilmlastnight.Themayorinspectedourschoolyesterday.連詞成句Anoldfriendofmine,theotherday,meet,I

Imetanoldfriendofminetheotherday.They,attheparty,time,have,good,a,yesterday.Theyhadagoodtimeatthepartyyesterday.He,enjoy,did,hewasyoung,when,playingchess?Didheenjoyplayingchesswhenhewasyoung?Makeasmanysentencesaspossibleinpasttense.SuchsentencesareOKWeinvitedMr.Dutogiveusalecture.ProfessorDugaveusawonderfulspeechyesterday.Allofusweregreatlyimpressedbyhisspeech.ProfessorDuwasinbusinesssuitandlookedfriendly.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)futuretenseHewillbebackintwoweeks.Iamgoingtoshowyouamovienextweek.Istheregoingtobeameetingtomorrow?表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)begoingto+v表示按計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。IamflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.

Thebusiscoming.

I’mleaving.表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。常用的動(dòng)詞有：go,come,start,leave,arrive,fly.beaboutto＋V.原形也表示即將Iamabouttoleaveschool.Notallofthefollowingsentencesareright.Why?Theyareabouttosetout.()Theyareabouttosetoutsoon.()Theywereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorainheavily.()√x√Taskworkingroupsanddiscuss:

Sinceyouhavebecomeaseniormiddleschoolstudent,howwillyouspendtheschooldays?Samplesentences:Asaseniormiddleschoolstudent,Iwillgetalongwellwithmyclassmatesandmyteachers.Iwilltrymybesttomakemyschoollifemeaningfulbytakingpartinvariousactivities.What’smoreimportant,Iwillspendmostofthetimestudyinganddevotemyselftoachievingmygoal.4.過去將來(lái)時(shí)pastfuturetenseHesaidtheywouldgoforadrivetomorrow.Hesaidhewasgoingtomendhiscartomorrow.JimsaidhewouldvisithisunclenextSaturday.

nowfuturepastHesaidthat…Hetoldmethat…5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(presentcontinuoustense)Youarelisteningtomecarefullynow.Sheiswritingaletterthisyear.Look!Theyaredancing.WearestudyingEnglishatpresent.It’sraininghardnow.Whatconclusionscanwedraw?1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。通常與now,atpresent等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。2)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+v-ing+…和come,goleave,start,arrive…等詞連用,表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.I’mseeinghimtomorrow.我準(zhǔn)備明天看他Whatareyoudoingnextweek?你下周打算干什么?練習(xí)1(用括號(hào)內(nèi)詞組回答問題)Whatareyoudoingnow?(readabook)(walkthroughthepark)(openabottle)(drinktea)(havelunch)(lookatsomepictures)練習(xí)2(將every改為now/today,改寫下列句子并翻譯)即:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)示例:Igotomyofficeeveryday.Iamgoingtomyofficenow.Heeatsriceeveryday.Hewearsabluedresseveryday.Theworkerscomeherebybuseveryday.Idosomeexerciseseveryday.Mybrotherdoesnotlistentotheradioeveryday.6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(pastcontinuoustense)Readandfindrulesfromthefollowingsentences1.Itwasrainingat7:00thedaybeforeyesterday.2.Theywerebuildingapowerstationatthistimelastwinter.3.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.rules表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，通常與at6:00yesterday,atthis/thattimeyesterday,when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等連用。基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+be(was/were)+v-ing+…Exercisechangethefollowingsentencesintoquestions1.Theywerebuildingareservoiratthistimelastwinter.2.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)presentperfecttenseI’vefinishedthiswork.HehaseverbeentoAustralia.Ihavenotheardfromherrecently.Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.我已經(jīng)完成了這工作。2.

他曾經(jīng)去過澳大利亞。3.最近我沒有收到他的來(lái)信。4.我已經(jīng)看過這本書。構(gòu)成形式（theform）主語(yǔ)+have/has+P.P(動(dòng)詞過去分詞)Practisemakingsentencesinthepresentperfecttense.Givenwords:stop,cryThebabyhasstoppedcryingandbeguntosmile.連詞成句：live,for3years,I,inthiscity,theway,know,have,IIhavelivedinthiscityfor3years,soIknowtheway.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Ihavehadabigbreakfast.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thesmallhousehasbeencoveredbyheavysnow.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thevillagehasbeenflooded.Arethesesentencesright?Ihaveboughtthebookfor3days.Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years.Hehasdiedfor2years.注：含有終止意義或短暫意義的動(dòng)詞不能與for,since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?！痢痢罜orrectsentencesIboughtthebookthreedaysago.Ihavehadthebookforthreedays.Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.Hedied2yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor2years.ReadthesentencesandunderlinetheverbformsWhenIgottothecinemayesterdaythefilmhadalreadybegun.HehadlearnedEnglishbeforehecamehere.Hehadtaughtthisclassfor3yearsbythetimeIlefttheschool.BytheendoflasttermIhadlearned2000Englishwords.8.過去完成時(shí)（thepastperfecttense）表示過去的過去CompletethefollowingsentencesShe__________theworldchampionshipfordozensoftimesbythetimesheretired.(win)hadwonCompletethefollowingsentencesHe______________beforethespringfestivalcame.(useup)hadusedupallhismoneyCompletethefollowingsentencesShe______________beforeshewas12.(read)hadreadmanybooks8種基本時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

simplepresenttense一般過去時(shí)

simplepasttense一般將來(lái)時(shí)

futuretense過去將來(lái)時(shí)

pastfuturetense現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

presentcontinuoustense過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

pastcontinuoustense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

presentperfecttense過去完成時(shí)

pastperfecttenseTimelineFuturepresentpastPastperfectPresentContinuousPastContinuousPresentPerfect語(yǔ)態(tài)（voice）語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(activevoice)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(passivevoice)I

teach

English.He

speaks

English.Our

English

is

taught

by

MissWan.English

is

spoken

in

many

countries

all

over

the

world.主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的承受者觀察主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系Whenshouldweusepassivevoice?1.不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)，或沒有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。如：Theglassisbroken.Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。如：ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.3.在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時(shí)。如：Ihaveanewmotorbike.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyfather.4.在新聞報(bào)道中，為了表明報(bào)道的客觀性而避免主觀性的透露時(shí)。如：Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Threemenwerekilled,thewoundedweretakenawaytohospitalatonceandpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種形式一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Peopleallovertheworldplayfootball.2.Myparentsaskmetotakecareofmyself.3.Allthepeoplethinkhighlyofyou.Footballisplayedbypeopleallovertheworld.Iamaskedtotakecareofmyself.Youarehighlythoughtofbyallthepeople.自己總結(jié)它的構(gòu)成形式吧一般過去時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thekingbuiltthetemplein1958.Thefiredestroyedallthehouses.Thetemplewasbuilt(bytheking)in1958.Allthehousesweredestroyed(bythefire).自己總結(jié)它的構(gòu)成形式吧一般將來(lái)時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wewillbuildmorefactoriesinourcity.Hermotherwilltakehertohospitaltomorrow.ProfessorLiisgoingtosettlethisproblem.Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.Shewillbetakentohospital(byhermother)tomorrow.ThisproblemisgoingtobesettledbyProfessorLi.Nowdoyouknowthestructure?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Thevillagersarebuildingaroadaroundthemountain.Astrangerisfollowinghim.Theteacherisshowingafilmtothestudents.Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.Heisbeingfollowedbyastranger.Afilmisbeingshowntothestudents.Whatconclusioncanyoudraw?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thesoldiersweretrainingthestudentsthistimelastweek.ThetypistwastypingmyreportwhenIsawhim.Thestudentswerebeingtrainedthistimelastweek.MyreportwasbeingtypedwhenIsawhim.What’sthestructure?過去將來(lái)時(shí)CompletethesentencesTompromisedthathewouldmakenewprogress.Tompromisedthatnewprogress______________.Themanagertoldmethattheywouldinformmeassoonastheresultcameout.ThemanagertoldmethatI_______________.wouldbemadewouldbeinformed.Nowpleasewritedownthestructure.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wehavemadetoomanymistakes.Thechildhaseatenupthenoodles.Ihavereadthenovelfor3times.Toomanymistakeshavebeenmade.Thenoodleshavebeeneatenup.Thenovelhasbeenreadfor3times.Haveyoufoundthestructure?過去完成時(shí)Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.BythetimeIarrivedtheyhadtakenawaythetiger.Whenpeoplerealizedtheimportance,theyhadalreadypollutedtherivertoomuch.Theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforetheywenthome.BythetimeIarrivedthetigerhadalreadybeentakenaway.Whentheyrealizedtheimportance,theriverhadalreadybeenpollutedtoomuch.Theirhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbeforetheywenthome.Pleasetellusthestructure.ActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseSimplepasttenseSimplefuturetensePastfuturetensePresentcontinuoustensePastcontinuoustensePresentperfecttensePastperfecttenseActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseshow/showsam/is/areshownSimplepasttenseshowedwas/wereshownSimplefuturetensewillshowwillbeshownPastfuturetensewouldshowwouldbeshownPresentcontinuoustenseam/is/areshowingam/is/arebeingshownPastcontinuoustensewas/wereshowingwas/werebeingshownPresentperfecttensehave/hasshownhave/hasbeenshownPastperfecttensehadshownhadbeenshown較特殊的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thebaby-sittershouldtakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.Inthissense,wecanturnbadthingsintogoodthings.Inthissense,badthingscanbeturnedintogoodthings2.復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Wefoundthespeechboring.PeoplecallhimMr.Tiger.Theboymadetheteacherangry.Thespeechwasfoundboring.HeiscalledMr.Tiger.Theteacherwasmadeangry.3.使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Nobodymadehimstandthere.Isawhimenterthebuilding.Fewpeoplenoticedhimpassby.Hewasmadetostandthere

bynobody.Hewasseentoenterthebuilding.Hewasnoticedtopassby(byfewpeople).在使役動(dòng)詞have,make以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。4.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義1.feel.look.smell,taste,sound等系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞時(shí)Thedishtastesdelicious.Theapplesmellssweet.Thesurfaceofthetablefeels