高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講義：倒裝句考點(diǎn)匯總

高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講義：倒裝句考點(diǎn)匯總1.當(dāng)以there,here,out,in,up,down,away等副詞開(kāi)頭的句子，為了起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用，可構(gòu)成倒裝句，只把副詞放在句首，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)位置調(diào)換，不加助動(dòng)詞。

【名詞倒裝,代詞不倒裝】這種倒裝要求：主語(yǔ)必須是名詞。主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)序不變。

Hereitis.

/

Awayhewent./Look,therehecomes.看，他來(lái)了。/Downshewent.她下來(lái)了。這類倒裝句式一般只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Herecomesthebus.

Outrushedtheboys.2.

副詞now,then,thus

引導(dǎo)的句子里，謂語(yǔ)是come,follow,begin,end,be等．

Nowcomesyourturn!到你了。

Thusendedthemeeting.會(huì)議結(jié)束了。Thencamethedog.Then

came

8

years

of

the

Anti

Japanese

War.

3.表地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首，要用倒裝句式，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

這種倒裝句也是主謂直接調(diào)換位置，不加助動(dòng)詞did,does或do.Underabigtree

,halfasleep.A.

did

sat

a

fat

man

B.

a

fat

man

sat

C.

did

a

fat

man

sat

D.

sat

a

fat

man

4.there放在句首時(shí)，要用倒裝句式。

在“there

+

lives,

stands,

comes,

lies,

flows,

enters,

rises

和appears等。

There

came

shouts

for

help

from

the

river.

There

lies

a

large

wheat

field

in

front

of

the

house.

5.

so

+

動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

;neither/

nor

+

動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

表示兩人的同樣一個(gè)情況時(shí)，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)要一致。

否則要用so

it

is

with…

The

first

one

isn’t

good,

neither

is

the

second.

Hecan’tdoit.Neither/norcanI.His

uncle

is

a

worker

and

has

been

working

in

the

factory

for

more

than

ten

years.

So

it

is

with

his

aunt.

6.so+

形容詞/副詞that的結(jié)構(gòu)狀語(yǔ)從句可以用正常語(yǔ)序表示，也可以把so+形容詞/副詞放于句首構(gòu)成倒裝。句型如下：so+形容詞/副詞+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞that+從句。Lighttravelssofastthatitisdifficultforustoimagineitsspeed.=

So

fast

does

light

travel

that

it

is

difficult

for

us

to

imagine

its

speed.

So

easy

was

the

work

that

they

finished

it

in

a

few

days.

Socoldwastheweatherthatwehadtostayathome.Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.

他害怕得很，動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)。SodarkwastheroomthatIcouldhardlyseeanything.

屋子如此黑我什么也看不見(jiàn)。

Socarelessdidhedrivethathealmostkilledhimself.

他開(kāi)車如此粗心，差點(diǎn)把自己害死了。7

such(在句子開(kāi)頭)

…that也有倒裝用法Suchagoodboyishethatheisalwaysreadytohelp

=Sogoodaboyishethatheisalwaysreadytohelp

8.否定副詞not,never,seldom,nowhere,little,rarely放于句首時(shí)要用倒裝句式。Weseldomgetupatfourinthemorning.=Seldomdowegetupatfourinthemorning.Not

a

single

word

from

him

could

the

enemy

drag敵人從他的口中問(wèn)不出一句話來(lái).

Rarely

have

I

heard

of

such

a

silly

thing.以前我很少聽(tīng)到這樣的蠢事.

Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink.他很少在意別人怎么想。Never（before）haveI

seensuchagoodharvest.

9.

hardly…when;

scarcely…when…;

no

sooner…than…

可以用正常語(yǔ)序

hadhardlydonewhen…did或用倒裝句式Hardlyhad+

主語(yǔ)+donewhen…did句式。hardly所在的句子用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。原始句子為：Thebellhadhardly/scarcelyrungwhentheclassbegan.=Thebellhadnosooner

rungthan

theclassbegan.=Hardlyhadthebellrungwhentheclassbegan.

（使用倒裝）NosoonerhadhearrivedinBeijingthanhebegantowork.=ScarcelyhadhearrivedinBeijingwhenhebegantowork

（使用倒裝）10.notonly…butalso如連接兩個(gè)成分時(shí)，不用倒裝；連接句子時(shí)，

前面的句子要用倒裝。

Not

only

was

everything

that

he

had

taken

away

from

him,

but

also

his

German

citizenship.

Not

only

is

he

busy,

but

also

I

have

a

lot

of

work

to

do.

Not

only

does

he

speak

English

very

well,

but

also

he

speaks

French

well.

11.only及所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，要用：

only+

狀語(yǔ)+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)及其他

Only

when

he

told

me

the

news

did

I

know

what

had

happened.

Only

in

this

way

can

you

make

progress

in

your

English.

12.

虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的倒裝句

If

I

were

you,

I

would

take

the

job.

=

Were

I

you,

I

would

take

the

jobWereittorain(=Ifitweretorain),thecropswouldbesaved.

要是下雨了，莊稼就有救了。Hadyoucomehere(=Ifyouhadcomehere),youwouldhavemetthefilmstar.

你要是來(lái)了的話就能見(jiàn)到那位電影明星了。Weretheyhere(=Iftheywerehere),theywouldhelpus.

他們要是在這兒，他們會(huì)幫助我們的。13.By

nomeans（絕不）/Atnotime（絕不）,innoway（絕不）,undernocircumstance（絕不）在開(kāi)頭,引起倒裝。Bynomeans/Atnotimecanyoutellalie.你絕不能撒謊。14.作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞/過(guò)去分詞/形容詞+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”形式的完全倒裝

Seated

in

the

front

were

the

guests.Injuredarethosesoldiers.Gone

forever

are

the

days

when

the

Chinese

people

had

to

use

foreign

oil.

15.表示地點(diǎn)，時(shí)間，方向等的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)例如：Aftertheheadwalkedagroupofworkers.

Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.

一輛警車停在房子前面。

Underthetreesataboy.

一個(gè)男孩坐在樹(shù)下。Inmyheartwasdesiretolivemoredangerously.

我的心渴望一種更加驚險(xiǎn)的生活。16.Notuntil+then/3o’clock/不倒裝的句子+倒裝句Itwasnotuntil+不倒裝的句子+that不倒裝的從句Notuntilthen/3o’clock/I

camebackdidI

realizeI

waswrong.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.

母親一直到孩子入睡后離開(kāi)房間。Itwasnotuntilthe

childfellasleepthatthemotherlefttheroom.

注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。例如：

Themotherdidn'tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep17.

以as引導(dǎo)的讓步從句中的部分倒裝Terribleaswasthestorm,wecontrinutedourway.盡管暴風(fēng)雪很大，但我們繼續(xù)趕路。Childashewas,hewasabletostandonhisownfeet.

盡管它是孩子，他已經(jīng)能夠獨(dú)立生活了。Youngasheis,heknowsalot.

雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。Lateas