自考高英上課件Lesson 3 the use of force

LessonthreeTheUseofForceSESSIONONE:PREVIEW2InMay1963,hewasposthumouslyawardedthePulitzerPrize

forPicturesfromBrueghelandOtherPoems(1962)andtheGoldMedalforPoetryoftheNationalInstituteofArtsandLetters.WilliamCarlosWilliamsDiscussWhatisthestoryabout?Doyouthinkthelittlegirlisspoiledornot?IsthereanydifferencebetweentheEastandtheWestwhenthegirl’sbehaviorisconcerned?4WordsandexpressionsApologetic:adj.道歉的認(rèn)錯的,辯護(hù)的

ApologeticMovementJesusApologetic耶穌會Apologeticshrug/speech/statementsApologize:v.道歉認(rèn)錯forsthtosbApology:n.道歉

apoorapologymake/acceptanapologyApologyacceptedApologist(辯護(hù)者，護(hù)教論者=defender,justifier)Apprehensionn.畏懼，憂慮,逮捕Beundertheapprehensionthat…唯恐，擔(dān)心…Entertain/haveapprehension(s)of/for:對…擔(dān)心Apprehendv.逮捕，抓獲，領(lǐng)會，理解；對…疑慮/擔(dān)心Apprehensive,apprehensibleComprehend:理解，包含Comprehensive:綜合的廣泛的有理解力的Comprehension:理解包含Listeningcomprehensionisanactiveandcomplicatedcognitiveprocess.ComprehensiontestCoax:哄勸、勸誘coaxsb.todosth.誘哄某人去干（某事）odoingsth.誘哄某人去干（某事）coaxsth.outofsb.哄騙某人東西Theproblemisnooneknowshowtocoaxkidsintosleepingmore.Onthefourthday,theysaidtoSamson’swife,“coaxyourhusbandintoexplainingtheriddleforus,orwewillburnyouandyourfather’shouseholdtodeath”.TrickTricksbintodoingsthPlayatrickonsb;TrickortreatDesist

；停止，終止，控制，打消念頭Desistfromsth/doingTheMinistryofInternalSecurityurgesyoutodesistfromsendingorforwardinganySMSthatmaycausepublicunrest.Insist：堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決主張Insiston/uponsth/doingEvenifthehosttellsyounottobringanything,itispolitetoinsistonbringingwine,atleast,asagiftinexchangefortheirhospitality.Resist:抵抗抗拒忍耐-resistanceHysterical:歇斯底里的，發(fā)狂般的Hysterian.狂躁癥。癔癥crazyMadinsaneLunaticOutofone’smindInstinctively

本能Instinctn.本能，天性Naturen.自然本質(zhì)Byinstinct出于本能Have

aninstinctfor有……的天分生來就Oninstinct本能憑直覺Maternalinstinct母性本能Wechooseourfriendsbyinstinct,butwekeepthembyjudgment.Theseanimalshaveaninstinctfor/ofprotectingthemselvesfrombeingextinct.IninsideInwardInternalintrovertedOutoutsideOutwardExternalextrovertedMusclen.肌肉Musculara.肌肉的Masculinea.男性的陽剛的男子氣概的Masculinityn.男性氣概Over-Over過度…的Overpower制服壓服OvereatOverdrinkOverstayOverstayone’swelcomeProfusionn.大量，豐富Inprofusion：agreatamount/quantityofsthTherosesinthegardengrowinprofusion.Hemakespromisesinprofusion,butneverrealizesthem.Profuseadj.豐富.generous,lavish,abundant,plentiful,rich,Thecriticswereprofuseintheirpraiseofthenewnovel.Hewasprofuseinhisthanksforthehelp.Beprofusewithone'smoneyCulturen.文化V.細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)（cultivate）DepressorV.depressDepressionTheGreatDepression勇敢英勇ValiantBrave------braveryCourageous------courage膽量NerveGutHavethenervetodosthHavegutstodosth有勇氣做某事HOMEWORKreadthetexttrytounderstandthetextasmuchasyoucananswerthequestionsinExerciseA18SESSIONTWO:TEXTDiscussWhywasn’tthesickgirlinbed?Whywerethegirl’sparentseyeingthedoctorupanddowndistrustfully?Whatmadethegirlrefusetoopenhermouthtothedoctor?Whydidthedoctorinsistonexaminingherthroat?Didthegirl’sphysicalbeautyhaveanythingtodowiththeoutcomeoftheincident?Explain.Canyoufindanyfaultwiththedoctor’sbehavior?19Textanalysisandlanguagestudy1.startlev.todisturbsuddenlyassurpriseThenoisestartledmeoutofmysleep.Startlingstarlingnews/startlingdiscovery(disturbing,frightening)StartledSurprise,astonish,amazedampwetmoisthumid"潮濕的"Damp----"輕度潮濕,使人感覺不舒服的",Idon'tlikedampweather.wet指"含水分或其他液體的"、"濕的",如:bewettotheskinmoist指"微濕的"、"濕潤的",常含"不十分干,此濕度是令人愉快的"意思,Grassesweremoistwithdew.Humid:正式用語,"空氣中濕度大的",如:Intheeast,theairishumidinsummer.humidity3.Eyesb.upanddown上下打量.Observe,watch,lookattentivelyatTheyeyedthestrangerupanddown.glare(at),stare(at),glance(at)4.Beuptosb.todosth.:beone'sresponsibilitytodosth.由......負(fù)責(zé)做.......It’smydutytodoIt'suptoyoutobreakthenewstohim.It'suptothemtomakethechange.It’suptosb.由…決定Take

ashotatsth/doing嘗試做某事Letmehaveashotatit.He'shavingashotatcookingthedinner.Thewonderfulshotsofgoalsareusuallyshownagaininslowmotion.shotn.射擊開槍；射手，（球）射門；投籃發(fā)射宇宙飛船/火箭機(jī)會；努力；Shotsth/sbShotatsth/sbbigshot大人物，要員7.inmybestprofessionalmanner:以我最好的職業(yè)方式manner:awayofdoingthings做事情的方式manner:courtesy禮貌goodmanner有禮貌It'sbadmannertospeakwithyourmouthfull.InafriendlymannerInatimelymannerInamoney-efficientmannerInatime-consumingmannerIfonlyVSonlyifIfonly:要是……就好了強(qiáng)烈感情，幾乎不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)Ifonlyhearrivesintime.Onlyif:惟有……才Onlyifaseriouscrisisshouldarise,thepublicwouldhavetobeinformedofitsfullimplication.Getsomewhere略有進(jìn)展He'sfinallytoldustheprice—nowwe'regettingsomewhere!Wecan’tgetanywhereifwekeeponquarrellinglikethis.Getthere成功9.onthechance:countingontheslightpossibility懷著希望,也許可能ontheoffchance:抱著微弱的希望。Sheappliedontheoffchance.Heofferedtheinformationonthechancethatitmightproveuseful.10.admonish:towarnorcautiongently,toreportmildly訓(xùn)誡.Admonishsb.againststh.

勸誡......提防......:Theteacheradmonishedusagainstbeinglate.(=usnottobelate.)AdmonishsbofsthHeadmonishedhimoftheneedforsincerity.BredofInsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.bred:P.Pof"breed",bethecauseof造成eg:1.Warbreedsmiseryandruin.戰(zhàn)爭造成苦難與災(zāi)害.2.Wastegasofcarsbreedsairpollution.汽車的尾氣造成空氣污染.13.a.agony:extremeandprolongedsuffering極大的痛苦inagony處于痛苦之中pileuptheagony苦上加苦inanagonyofjoy悲喜交加Letgo:放手放棄Rose:IpromiseJack:Neverletgo.Rose:Ipromise.Iwillneverletgo,Jack.I'llneverletgo.15.clench:closetightlyHeclenchedthecigarinhisteeth.他用牙齒緊緊夾住香煙。Heclenchedhisfistsinfrustrations.他沮喪地緊握拳頭。withclenchedteeth咬緊牙關(guān)Itriedtoholdmyselfdown.holddown:control,keepdownorunder控制1.Wemustholdpricesdown.我們必須控制物價.2.Slaveownersheldslavesdownbeforetheemancipation.奴隸獲得解放之前受奴隸主的壓迫.b."should+不定式完成體"在這里所表示的是一種非真實(shí)情況,表達(dá)了作者一種遺憾的感情色彩.Ishouldhavecomeearlier.我本該早點(diǎn)來。Heshouldhavetakenmyadvice.他本應(yīng)接受我的建議。17.neglect=negligence疏忽neglect:paynoattentionortoolittleattentionto不(夠)重視,注意.Youshouldn'tneglectyourhealth.Benignneglect善意的疏忽totalneglect完全疏忽case:theactualstateofthingsIfthat'sthecase,you'dbettergiveitup.如果情況確實(shí)如此,你最好放棄。18.goat：assault;beginorproceedvigorously攻擊,開始,進(jìn)發(fā)Thetworoostersaregoingateachother.Thestudentstendtogoattheirstudiesbeforetheexamination.20.overpower:1)overcome(someoneorsomething)bysuperiorforce壓倒,制服2)affectorimpressdeeplyorpowerfully使......無法忍受.beoverpoweredbyheat(grief)炎熱(悲痛)難忍Overwhelm:壓倒，淹沒，受打擊，擊潰be/actonthedefensive采取守勢Inthisway,whiletheenemyisonexteriorlinesandontheoffensiveinstrategicoperations,hewillbeforcedtofightoninteriorlinesandonthedefensiveincampaignsandbattles.于是敵之戰(zhàn)略作戰(zhàn)上的外線和進(jìn)攻，在戰(zhàn)役和戰(zhàn)斗的作戰(zhàn)上，就不得不變成內(nèi)線和防御。.這個孩子臉上沒有任何表情，用冷漠的目光死死地盯著我，象要把我吃掉似的。Thechildwasfairlyeatingmeupanddownwithhercold,steadyeyes,andnoexpressiononherfacewhatever.2.這個女孩由于對我的恐懼,她對我的抗拒達(dá)到了驚人的程度。Shesurelyrosetomagnificentheightsofinsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.3.在這個時候,誰都會叮囑自己,無論這個可惡的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的舉動,也要違背她的意愿來保護(hù)她。Thedamnedlittlebratmustbeprotectedagainstherownidiocy,onesaystoone’sselfatsuchtimes.4.那種想釋放體能的渴望產(chǎn)生出一種非理智的、無法控制的憤怒與成人受辱的感覺。

Ablindfury,afeelingofadultshame,bredofalongingformuscularreleasearetheoperatives.

真題再現(xiàn)27.ButIhaveseenatleasttwochildrenlyingdeadinbedof______insuchcases,andfeelingthatImustgetadiagnosisnoworneverIwentatitagain.(200701)20070176．她的臉色通紅、呼吸急促，我意識到她發(fā)高燒了。42.Summonedbytheteacher,heapproachedhisofficefullof______.（200710）A.apprehension B.distrust20081036.Thechildstrikeshisheadinthebathandfallsunconscious.Themansitsdownandwatcheshim______.37.Hertonguewascutandshewasscreaminginwild______shrieks.

SESSIONTHREE:EXERCISEExerciseB1.WhenIarrivedIwasmetbythemother，abigstartledlookingwoman，verycleanandapologeticwhomerelysaid，Isthisthedoctor？Andletmein.當(dāng)我到達(dá)時，孩子的母親迎接了我，這是一位看上去驚恐不安的婦人，衣著整潔卻一臉憂傷的神色她只是說，這位就是醫(yī)生嗎？然后帶我進(jìn)了屋。ExerciseB2.Hetriedtogetup，butImotionedforhimnottobother，tookoffmyovercoatandstartedtolookthingsover.他父親試圖站起來，但我向他示意不用麻煩，然后我脫下外套開始檢查。ExerciseB3.Asoften，insuchcases，theyweren'ttellingmemorethantheyhadto，itwasuptometotellthem；that'swhytheywerespendingthreedollarsonme.在這種情形下，他們通常不會提供太多的情況，而是等著我告訴他們病情，這就是為什么他們會在我身上花3美元。ExerciseB4.Ismiledinmybestprofessionalmannerandaskingforthechild'sfirstnameIsaid，comeon，Mathilda，openyourmouthandlet'stakealookatyourthroat.

我以醫(yī)生特有的職業(yè)方式微笑著，叫著孩子的名字。我說，來吧，瑪?shù)贍栠_(dá)，張開嘴，讓我看一下你的嗓子。ExerciseB5.

AsthatIgroundmyteethindisgust.Ifonlytheywouldn'tusetheword“hurt”Imightbeabletogetsomewhere.聽到這里我狠狠地咬了咬牙，要是他們沒用“傷害”這個詞，我也許能做點(diǎn)什么，ExerciseB6.

Intheensuingstruggletheygrewmoreandmoreabject，crushed，exhaustedwhileshesurelyrosetomagnificentheightsofinsanefuryofeffortbredofherterrorofme.在接下來的“戰(zhàn)斗”中他們越來越難堪，被摧垮了，直至精疲力竭。而這個女孩由于恐懼，她對我的抗拒達(dá)到了驚人的地步。ExerciseB7.

sheopenedupforaninstantbutbeforeIcouldseeanythingshecamedownagainandgrippedthewoodenbladebetweenhermolars.ShereducesittosplintersbeforeIcouldgetitoutagain.她張開了嘴，然而只是一瞬間，我還來不及看她又把嘴閉上了，沒等我把它取出來，她的臼齒已經(jīng)緊緊咬住了壓舌板，并把壓舌板咬成了碎片。8Thedamnedlittlebratmustbeprotectedagainstherownidiocy，onesaystoone'sselfatsuchtimes.

在這種時候，誰都會叮嚀自己，無論這個可惡的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的舉動，也要違背她的意愿來保護(hù)她。

Exercisec1apprehension2terrifying3overpowering4contemptible5motioned6profusion7ensuing8coaxExerciseD

1.Thegirllookedatthedoctor(terrifyingly,terrified).PS:形容人ED,形容事/物ING.Terrifyingly:extremelyfrightening;scary(表主動)Terrified:veryfrightened;scared(表被動)ExerciseD2.“Ifyoufinishallthehomeworktonight,we’llgoforapicnictomorrow,”he(admonished,coaxed).Admonish:(formal)totellsomeoneseverelythattheyhavedonesomethingwrongCoax:topersuadesomeonetodosomethingthattheydonotwanttodobytalkingtotheminakind,gentle,andpatientwayExerciseD

3.Hethoughttheirbehaviorwas(contemptuous,contemptible),buthedidn’tsayanythinginfrontofthehost.Contemptuous:feelingorshowingthatyouthinksomeone鄙視的，蔑視的，表示輕蔑的。

Shegavehima~look鄙夷地看了一眼.You’re~ofeverythingIdo.

你對我做的一切都不屑一顧C(jī)ontemptible:notdeservinganyrespectatall

可輕蔑的，可鄙的，卑劣的

~behavior卑劣的行徑ExerciseD4.Summonedbytheboss,heapproachedhisofficefullof(apprehension,distrust).Apprehension:anxietyaboutthefuture,especiallyaboutdealingwithsomethingunpleasantordifficult;anxietyDistrust:afeelingthatyoucannottrustsomeoneExerciseDHewassincerelysorryforwhathappenedattheparty,sopeopleacceptedhis(excuse,apology).Excuse:areasonthatyougivetoexplaincarelessoroffensivebehavior;areasonthatyouinventtoexplainanactionandtohideyourrealintentionsApology:somethingthatyousayorwritetoshowthatyouaresorryfordoingsomethingwrongExerciseD6.Theywerewalkingintheforestwhentheyhearda(terrifying,terrific)roar,whichmadetheirbloodfreeze.Terrifying:extremelyfrighteningTerrific:(informal)verygood,especiallyinawaythatmakesyoufeelhappyandexcited;verylargeinsizeordegree(在尺寸和程度上很大)

ExerciseD7.Obviouslytheyweregettingnowherewiththemeeting,sohedecidedto(desist,resist)frommakingafinaldecisionthatafternoon.Desist:(formal)tostopdoingsomething(跟from搭配)Resist:tostopyourselffromhavingsomethingthatyoulikeverymuchordoingsomethingthatyouwanttodo(后面直接加動名詞)

ExerciseD8.“Howcanyousaythatyoudon’twanttoseeyourgrandmother”thefather(admonished,coaxed).Admonish,coax:seenumber18ExerciseE1.makinganapology,expressingregret2.…itwasmyduty,itrequiredme…3.andlotsofpeopleherehavebeenill4.mybestsmileandmywordswereofnohelp.Theviewofthepossibility,inthehope…6.We'regoingtocompletetheexamination.7.Itoohadlostmysense.(Ibecameunreasonable)8.theviolentandunreasoningfeeling

ExerciseF

Mathildahadbeenillforthreedays.Hermotherhadgivenhersomemedicine(s),butit(they)didn"tdoanygood.Soshehadtoaskthedoctortocome.

Mathildahadbeenillforthreedays.Hermotherhadsendforadoctor,becausethekiddidn’tfeelbetterafterhermotherhadgivenhersomemedicinesMathildahadbeensickforthreedays.Hermotherhadgivenhersomemedicine(s),butit(they)didn’twork.Therefore,theyhadtocalladoctor.

Astherehadbeenanumberofcasesofdiphtheriaintheschooltowhichthegirlwentandtwochildrenhadalreadydiedofit,thedoctor,arrivingattheOlson’s,neededtoexamineMachida'sthroatfirst.SincesomestudentshadgotdiphtheriaintheschoolwhereMathildawentand

twoofthemhadalreadydied,thedoctorneededtolookoverherthroatfirstassoonashearrivedattheOlson’s.Assoonashearrived,thedoctoraskedtocheckthegirl'sthroatfirst,becauseithappenedtherehadbeensomepupilssufferingfromdiphtheriainMathilda’sschooland

twoofthemhaddiedofit.

Butnomatterhowtheycoaxed,shewouldn’topenhermouth.Sothedoctorhadtogetatonguedepressorintohermouth.Buthoweverhecoaxed,sherefusedtoopenhermouth.Thusthedoctorhadtotrytoputatonguedepressorintohermouth.Butnomatterhowhardtheytriedtocoax,shejustrefusedtoopenhermouth.Sothedoctortriedtoinsertatonguedepressorintohermouth.

Mathilda,however,reducedittosplinters.InordertoprotectMathildaherselfandotherchildren,thedoctorhadtofindoutwhethershehaddiphtheriaornot,sothathecouldcureitintime.However,Mathildareduceditintosplinters.Forherownprotectionandothers’,thedoctorhadtomakeclearwhetherMathildahaddiphtheriaornot,sothathewasabletotreatherintime.However,Mathildashouldhavereduceditintosplinters.InordertoprotectMathildaherselfandotherkids,thedoctorneededtofindoutwhethershegotdiphtheriaornot,soastooffertreatmentintime.

Therefore,heaskedMathilda"sfathertoholdbothherwrists,andhehimselfforcedthechildtoopenhermouth.Andthereitwas-shereallyhaddiphtheria.

Soheaskedherfathertoholdbothherwrists,andhehimselfforcedhermouthopen.

Itwasfoundthatshedidhaddiphtheria.Sohetoldherfathertoseizeherbyherwristsandhehimselfgothermouthopen.Andthereitwas-shedidhaddiphtheria.

Thestorymakesusknowthatinourlife,youcannotcountonothers’willingnessforeverythingandthattheuseofforceseemsanecessityincertaincases.Thestorysetsusthinkingaboutthis:Noteverythinginlifecandependonothers’willingnessanditseemsnecessarytousesomeforceundercertaincircumstances.

Thestoryremindsusthateveninreallife,noteverythingisdonetoyouwill,andthatitseemsverynecessarytouseforceincertainsituations.1-3reviewItistheyalonewhocombineinventionandexaggeration,reasonandmotion,wordandsound,musicandpo