必修二unit one 語法非限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句非觀察比較A:Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentsthatisgoodatFrench.B:Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.

Harryisourmonitor,whosemotherisourmathsteacher.Restrictiveattributiveclause(限制性定語從句)Non-restrictiveattributiveclause(非限制性定語從句)限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句

意義功能形式與主句的語意關(guān)系緊湊，定語從句不能去掉，否則意思不完整與主句的語意關(guān)系松散，定語從句能去掉對先行詞進(jìn)行修飾對先行詞進(jìn)行附加說明無逗號與主句隔開有逗號與主句隔開逗號的魅力non-restrictiveattributiveclause品味一“翻”Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有兩個弟弟，他們在這個城市工作。她有兩個在這個城市工作的弟弟。Myyoungerbrotherwhois18yearsoldisacollegestudent.Myyongerbrother,whois18yearsold,isacollegestudent.我弟弟是大學(xué)生，今年18歲。我18歲的那個弟弟是大學(xué)生。注意1：有時同一個限制性從句變?yōu)榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句會改變?nèi)涞囊馑?。非限制性定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：+,+關(guān)系代詞先行詞Shehastwobrothers,（who

areworkinginthecity).+從句Nowteenagersliketogotothefastfoodrestaurants,(whereeatingdoesn'ttakemuchtime).結(jié)構(gòu)：+,+關(guān)系副詞先行詞+從句先行詞+，+關(guān)系詞+句子先行詞關(guān)系詞在句中所作的成分限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句人物人/物時間地點(diǎn)原因關(guān)系詞的區(qū)別:賓語whowho/that

主語賓語主語whom/who/that

whomwhich/thatwhich/that

whichwhich定語whosewhose時間狀語地點(diǎn)狀語原因狀語whenwherewhy/forwhichwhenwhereforwhichthat，why不能在非限制性定語從句中使用。tip介詞+whichas與whichHeoftencomestoschoollate,whichmakeshisteacherangry.Asweallknow,theAmberRoomoncebelongedtoPetertheGreat.TheAmberRoomoncebelongedtoPetertheGreat,asweallknow.as,which指代整個主句，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，as引導(dǎo)的從句可位于句首，句末和句中，常譯為“正如”；which引導(dǎo)的從句只能位于句末，常譯為“這，那”。當(dāng)我們做非限制性定語從句的練習(xí)時，往往先確定先行詞，然后再分析先行詞在從句中的成分，再對關(guān)系詞加以選擇。整理一番品讀規(guī)律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Cindyisalovelygirl,with

whommanypeopleliketomakefriends.

Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.PeoplewillrememberAugust8th,2008,when29thOlympicGameswasheldinBeijing.先行詞指物，在從句中做主或賓語，用關(guān)系詞which,不能用thatas引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，常位于句首，which不可以介詞+關(guān)系代詞，介詞的選用，可根據(jù)從句的謂語動詞的構(gòu)成。先行詞在從句做定語，用關(guān)系詞whose先行詞在從句中做時間狀語，用when或介詞+which。嘗試篇non-restrictiveattributiveclause錯漏“擺”出PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.hewhothen去掉WhichAs錯漏“擺”出LinHaoisahero,whoweshouldlearn.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.whofromwhomthatwhichwhichwhere/inwhich小試牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetitionExercises2.Beijing,________isthecapitalofChina,has

averylonghistory.which

3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.As4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,______is

apopstar.who1.Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,______peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.whereinwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.

whose6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,____

hissonisproud.ofwhich習(xí)慣篇開心十分篇non-restrictiveattributiveclauseFillintheblankswithproperlinkwordsThedoctorlivesdownstairs"Doctor,"shesaidloudly,burstingintotheroom,____therewasaman,"Iwantyoutotellwhatiswrongwithme."Helookedatherfromheadtofoot,thensaid,“____isshowninthemirror,I'vejustthreethingstotellyou.First,Isuggestyou,mylady,_________weightneedsreducingbynearlyfiftypounds.Second,youmayuse1/10asmuchlipstick（口紅）,by_____youwillbeprettier.Andthird,I'manartist---thedoctor,______youarelookingfor,livesdownstairs."whereAswhosewhichwhomWhatdoesthewomanlooklike?Shemustbethe_____lady,whois…;whose…firstGuesswhohe/sheisAccordingtothenotes,eachgrouptrytomakeasmanysentencesasyoucansoastodescribeafamouspersonweknow.Otherstudentstrytoguesswhohe/sheis.Trytousenon-restrictiveattributiveclause,usedifferentrelativewords.1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,position

,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山東）

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.whyB.whereC.howD./高考題鏈接：

做題要靈活;要分析句子成分,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.wherethat綜合考查一：定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when難點(diǎn)三.綜合考查

考點(diǎn)三Whose用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式1.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。That’sthechildwhosefatherisateacher.Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabook

whosecoverisgreen.2.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。

3.whose的先行詞指物時,可用ofwhich代替,但詞序不同，即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow考點(diǎn)四：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句

兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時可以互換，但下列情況多用as。1.當(dāng)與such或thesame連用時，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanas

you.2.as

引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，與之連用的詞有know,see,expect,announce,pointout等。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.1.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Sheisverygoodatdance,____everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as4.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As5.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.likeThose

_____breakthelawarepunished.He

_____breaksthelawispunished.在those,he/she/I/they作先行詞時,用”who”代替“that”.考點(diǎn)五:that與who的區(qū)別whowho

考點(diǎn)六:如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞?選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時，需注意兩點(diǎn)：1.先行詞2.關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧Ｗ鲋髡Z，賓語，定語用做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.when(which/that)(which/that)where

考點(diǎn)七:定語從句中主謂一致問題定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。

1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don

’tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．

isam

3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing1.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?DIsthisthefactory____wevisitedlastWeek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。Exercises2.Letmethinkofapropersituation_______thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA先行詞是situation,case,scene…時，一般用where,最佳選擇則是inwhich3.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC

Shewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A5.Thecollegewon’ttakeanyone_____eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB6.Those_____totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whowants

D、whatB8.I，______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD9.Whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB10.Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD13.HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.whatB14.Thisisthesamepen______Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&BD比較：...thesamepenasIlost....thesamepenthatIlost.表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，表示同一類則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支.表示同一個15.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem___wecouldn'tsolve.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem___wecouldn'tsolveit.A.asB.thatC.whichD.theonesABso...that后面跟的是一個結(jié)果狀語從句that不充當(dāng)成分，有賓語用that反之用as16.______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.WhatD.ThatB17.I’lltellyou_____hetoldmelastnight.

A.allwhich

B.allwhat

C.thatallD.allD18.Howdoyoulikethebook?

It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.

A.thatB.which

C.theoneD.theonewhat

C19.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC20.Iboughtsomebooksfromthebookstore,five

______wereEnglishnovels.A.ofwhichB.whichC.thatD.inwhichA名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+which/whom引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句21.Hereareplayers