Grammar【知識點睛+備課精研】 八年級英語下冊 （牛津深圳版）

英語（牛津版）八年級下冊EnglishBodylanguageGrammarUnit2Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”structure.Smilingmeansyouarefriendlyandhappy.Cryingmeansyouaresad.SmileCryWhatdoesthisfacialexpressionmean?1課堂導入Whatdotheyenjoy?Theyenjoydrawingpictures.Theyenjoydancing.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”Whatistheboy/girlinterestedin?Theyareinterestedinsinging.Heisinterestedintakingphotos.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”Whatistheboy/girlgoodat?Sheisgoodat

studying.Heisgoodat

swimming.Lookandsay.Usingthe“V+ing”

Gerunds

Communicatingismorethanjustspeaking.Gerundsarenounsendingin-ing.Thesenounsrefertoactionsandactivities.2課堂活動Verb.GerundbeginbeginningcommunicatecommunicatingdancedancingholdholdingsighsighinglielyingWeformgerundsfromverbs.Thingstoremember?Gerundsareoftenuncountable.Wedonotaddaoranbeforethem.?Agerundcanhaveitsownobject.Debbielovesreadingpoems.Weusuallyformagerundbyadding________toa(verb/noun).Workouttheruleing1.V-ing:work-working2.以e結(jié)尾的去e+-ing:make-making3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再+-ing:put-putting4.特例:lie-lyingdie-dying動名詞的構(gòu)成動名詞的用法總結(jié)一1.動名詞是以-ing結(jié)尾的名詞。這些名詞描述動作和活動。2.動名詞可作主語、賓語以及表語等句子成分。3.我們通常通過在動詞后加-ing來構(gòu)成動名詞。4.動名詞通常都是不可數(shù)的，不能在前面加a或an。5.動名詞可以有自己的賓語。

Smiling

showsthatyouarehappy.

Ballettrainingusuallystartsatanearlyage.

Dancingisherfavouritehobby.AGerundsassubjectsWecanuseagerundasthesubjectofasentence.Whenweuseagerundasthesubjectofasentence,themainverbisin(singular/plural)form.Workouttherule▲動名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。Communicatingisnotjustspeaking.交流不僅僅是說話?！鴥蓚€或兩個以上不同的動名詞作主語，謂語用復數(shù)。Playingcomputergamesandplayingbasketballaremyhobbies.打游戲和打籃球是我的興趣愛好。動名詞的用法總結(jié)二S1:Whatcanshakingyourclosedhandshow?S2:Shakingyourclosedhandcanshowthatyou

areangry.shakeyourclosedhand/angryInpairs,askandanswerquestionsaboutthepictures.Followtheexample.restyourheadonyourhand/boredS1:Whatcanrestingyourheadonyourhandshow?S2:Restingyourheadonyourhandcanshowthatyou’rebored.sigh/sadS1:Whatcansighingshow?S2:Sighingcanshowthatyou’resad.closeyoureyes/thinkingS1:Whatcanclosingyoureyesshow?S2:Closingyoureyescanshowthatyou’rethinking.Debbieenjoys

smilingandalwayslooks

friendly.Weoftenusegerundsaftertheseverbs.considerfinishmindsuggestenjoyimaginepractiseWecanalsouseagerundastheobjectofasentence.BGerundsasobjectsThingstorememberWeoftenusegerundsafterprepositions.Debbieisgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.IamlookingforwardtogoingtoBeijing.1.

英語中有一些動詞（短語）后面常接動名詞作賓語。如：

enjoy（like,love)

,suggest，mind,finish,practise,deny，avoid，admit,

keep,missHedeniedstealingmybike.

他否認偷了我的自行車。2.介詞后要使用動名詞。Heisgoodatdrawingpictures.

他善于畫畫。動名詞的用法總結(jié)三3.常見的“動詞＋介詞+動名詞”的短語有：prefer...to,beusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,giveup,keepon,insiston,succeedin等。Youmustgiveupsmokingatonce.你必須馬上戒煙。Hedoesn’tfeellikedoinghishomework.

他不想做家庭作業(yè)。

4.用于某些慣用法中。例如：bebusydoingsth“忙于做某事”Motherisbusycookingdinnerinthe

kitchen.媽媽在廚房忙著做飯。(2)beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”Thebookisworthreading.這本書值得一讀。(3)It’snouse/gooddoingsth“做……無用/無好處”It’snousegoingtohimforhelp.向他尋求幫助沒有用。Inpairs,askandanswerquestionsaboutthepictures.Followtheexample.S1:Whatdoestheboyenjoy?S2:Heenjoysreadingbooks.S1:Whatisthegirlpractising?S2:Sheispractisingclimbing

mountains.S1:Whatisthegirlinterestedin?S2:Sheisinterestedinplayingchess.S1:Whatisthegirlgoodat?S2:Sheisgoodatskiing.動名詞1動名詞的基本形式：動詞原形+ing；否定式：not+動詞原形+ing。2動名詞在句中的作用：（1）作主語。如：Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實。注意：動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。（2）作表語。如：HerJobisteachingEnglish.她的工作是教英語。（3）作賓語。如：Iliketravellingverymuch.我很喜歡旅游。（4）作定語。如：Thisisourreadingroom.這是我們的閱覽室。語法總結(jié)3習慣接動名詞作賓語的動詞有：enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practise等。如：Mysisterenjoysplayingtennis.我姐姐喜歡打網(wǎng)球。Doyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意開窗嗎？4動名詞也可以在短語動詞和介詞后作賓語，習慣接動名詞作賓語的短語有：beafraidof,bebusy,begoodat,beinterestedin,beworth,feellike,how/whatabout,lookforwardto,payattentionto,succeedin,thinkof等。如：Areyouinterestedinplayingchess?你對下象棋感興趣嗎？I’mlookingforwardtovisitingtheGreatWall.我盼望去參觀長城。5接動詞不定式或動名詞均可且含義相同的動詞有：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue等。接不定式多指具體的動作，接動名詞多指一般或習慣行為。如：Helikestosing/singing.他喜歡唱歌。Itbegantorain/raining.開始下雨了。6以下動詞接不定式和動名詞意義大不相同：stoptodosomething停止手中事，去做另一件事stopdoingsomething停止正在做的事remember/forget/regrettodosomething記得/忘記/遺憾要做某事（指動作尚未發(fā)生）remember/forget/regretdoingsomething記得/忘記/遺憾做了某事（指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）trytodosomething設(shè)法，努力去做，盡力trydoingsomething試試去做，看有何結(jié)果can’thelptodosomething不能幫忙做can’thelpdoingsomething忍不住要做goontodosomething接著做另外一件事goondoingsomething接著做同一件事meantodosomething打算做，企圖做meandoingsomething意思是，意味著3課堂小結(jié)Wehavelearnedhowtousegerunds.三、單項選擇1.Jackpractises______thepianofortwohourseveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played2.Ididn’tfinish_______myhomeworkuntil11∶30p.m.lastnight.A.doingB.todoC.doD.did3.Doyouenjoy_______thesechildren,MrSmith?A.teachB.taughtC.toteachD.teachingBAD4課堂練習4.I’msorryIforgot______thedictionarytoyou. A.returnedB.returningC.toreturnD.return5.Idon’tmind______somehouseworkathome. A.todoB.doingC.didD.do6.Allthechildrenarelookingforwardto______thenewcartoon. A.watchB.watchingC.watchedD.watches

CBB7.--Wouldyoulike______campingwithme?

--I’dliketo.ButI’mbusy______myhomework. A.togo;todo B.togo;doing C.going;todo D.going;doing8.

--WhereisMike?

--Idon’tknow.ButIsawhim____footballonthe

playgroundjustnow. A.toplay B.playing C.playedD.playsBB9.Whilewewererunningontheplayground,Jacksuddenlystopped_______andlayontheground,soweallstopped______whatwaswrongwithhim. A.torun;tosee B.running;seeing C.running;tosee D.ran;seeing10.Sarah,you’dbetterdrinkmorewaterafter___forsuchalongtime. A.run B.runs C.torun D.runningCD_________(take)awalkforawhileaftermealsisgoodforourhealth.ShespendshertimewatchingTVinsteadof________(study).It’simportant_________finish)theworkontime.Myfatherwasn’thappy,becauseIforgot________(do)myhomework.InordertolearnEnglishwell,youneedtopractice_______(speak)Englishmoreandmore.You’dbetter_______(take)themedicineontime.Lilycouldn’tstop_______(cry)whensheheardthebadnews.Takingstudyingtofinishtodospeakingtakecrying三、用單詞的適當形式填空8.Whenyouleavetheoffice,pleasedonotforget________(turn)offthelights.9.Pleaseremindmeabout________(buy)apresentformymother.10.WhenIwasachild,Ioncedream