2022年度江蘇省南京市岔路中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2022年度江蘇省南京市岔路中學(xué)高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.Hehasmade_____thatweaeproudofhim.A.sorapidprogress

B.sucharapidprogressC.suchrapidprogress

D.suchrapidprogresses參考答案：C2.Theaccidentthathappenedatanoilfield________thesoutheastcoastoftheU．S.A.hascausedgreatdamagetotheenvironment.A.away

B.fromC.off

D.beyond參考答案：Coffthecoast是指“沿岸的海面上”。句意：美國(guó)東南海域油田發(fā)生的事故給環(huán)境帶來(lái)了巨大損害。3.Theoldmansaidthattheaccident_________carelessdriving,soalotofmoney_________bythedriver.

A.dueto;bepaid

B.wasdueto;shouldbepaid

C.wasdueto;bepaid

D.isdueto;bepaid參考答案：B略4.Theaccident______hercareless.Aresultedfrom

Bresultedin

Casaresultof

Dasaresult參考答案：A5.Thewomanmetwithanaccidentonherwayto________prisontovisitherhusband,whowasputin________prisonforstealing.A.a;a

B.a;theC.the;/ D./;/參考答案：C句意：這位女士在去監(jiān)獄看望她丈夫的路上遇到了車禍，她的丈夫因偷盜而被判入獄。prison前加the表示“監(jiān)獄”這個(gè)場(chǎng)所，不加冠詞表示“被監(jiān)禁”。6.Heismuchbetternow,buthehasn’tcompletely______hisoperation(手術(shù)).

A.devotedto

B.recoveredfrom

C.usedto

D.sufferedfrom參考答案：B7.Fitnessisimportantinsport，butofatleast

importanceareskills．

A．fair

B．reasonable

C．proper

D．equal參考答案：D8.—______?—Youaresokindtodoso.Pleasedropmeoffatthestadium.A.Couldyoubringmethesuitcase B.WouldyoulikemetogiveyoualiftC.Couldyoutellmethewaytothemovie D.Wouldyouliketohavemye-mailaddress參考答案：B9.—IsPro.Smithgivingthespeechtoday?—It__________behim.Heisabroadrightnow.

A.can’t

B.needn’t

C.won’t

D.mustn’t參考答案：A略10.TheoldladyfromNewYorkfeltveryhappywhenshewasabletomakeherself________inherbrokenChinese.A.understand B.tounderstand C.understanding D.understood參考答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。該題考查make+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使某人被……”。myself和understand之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故該空用過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：當(dāng)別人能夠理解她蹩腳的漢語(yǔ)時(shí)，這位來(lái)自紐約的老太太感覺(jué)非常高興。D選項(xiàng)正確。11.Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____thevillagersrealizedtheseriouspollution.

A.where

B.that

C.what

D.which參考答案：B12.Weshouldn’tcomplainaboutbeingpoor,becausemanyfamiliesaremuch______afterthebigearthquake.A.betteroff B.worseoff

C.welloff D.badlyoff參考答案：B試題分析：考查形容詞比較級(jí)。形容詞短語(yǔ)welloff富有；badlyoff貧窮；本句對(duì)地震之前和之后的情況進(jìn)行對(duì)比，且橫線前面有副詞much，說(shuō)明應(yīng)該使用比較級(jí)的形式。句意：我們不應(yīng)該抱怨貧窮，地震以后很多家庭比我們更貧窮。故B項(xiàng)正確。13.TheyhadescapedtoAmericalongbeforewar______in1939.A.brokeup

B.

brokedown

C.brokeout

D.brokein參考答案：C略14.Only______allowedtotakepartinthespeechcontestinourclassandsotherest______disappointed.A.wasJohn;were B.Johnwas;wereC.wasJohn;was D.Johnwas;was參考答案：A15.Teenagersshouldbyallmeans________theirstudiesthoughtherearealotofattractionsaroundthem.A．devoteto

B．fixonC．concentrateon

D．keepon參考答案：C句意為：盡管身邊有許多吸引人的東西，但青少年還是應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力專心學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)句意可首先排除D項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)若改為devotetheirattentionto也正確；B項(xiàng)應(yīng)改為fixtheirattentionon。16.Afterthedisasterhappened,thedog_____hisownerfromthedanger.

A.helped

B.found

C.rescued

D.discovered參考答案：C17.________certainthat“thecurseofthemummy”remainsariddletothisday.

A.Asis

B.Itis

C.Whatis

D.Whichis參考答案：B18.Iknowyouarevery__________icecream,butyou’llgainweightifyoueattoomuch.

A.fondof B.tiredof C.fullof D.concernedabout參考答案：A二、翻譯19.把別人牽扯到你的麻煩里去是不對(duì)的。(involve)參考答案：Itiswrongofyoutoinvolveotherpeopleinyourtrouble.三、閱讀理解20.JoannaCole,bornonAugust11,1944inNewark,NewJersey,hasbeencreditedtobeoneofthemostpopularchildren’sauthorsofalltime.Shehaswrittenover250booksandisfamousforwritingoneofthemostpopularchildren’sbookseries.Sheknewasearlyasearlyas5thgradethatshewasinterestedinwritingandscience.Colehasowedalargepartofherpassiontooneofherelementaryschoolteachers.JoannaColecontinuedhereducationbyattendingtheUniversityofMassachusettsandIndiana.Shewouldeventuallyearnabachelor’sdegreeinpsychologyfromtheCityCollegeofNewYorkin1967aftergraduation,ColedecidedtotakesomeeducationcoursestobecomealibrarianataBrooklynelementaryschoolin1967.Eventually,shewouldtakejobsworkingforNewsweek,Seesawbookclub.Cole’spassionforwritingandsciencewasstillaliveandwellduringthistime.In1971shedecidedtowriteherfirstbook,Cockroaches.Shedidsomeresearchanddiscoveredtherehadneverbeenabookwrittenforchildrenaboutcockroaches.Soshethoughtshewouldbethefirst.ColestruckgoldwhenshewrotethefirstMagicSchoolBusin1985.Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthefollowingyearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoitssuccess.Colecontinuedtowritebothnonfictionandfictionbooksforchildren.Shewritesinawaythatwillhopefullyinspirechildrentothinklikeascientist.Shedoesthisbywritingideasinsteadofjustfacts.Shealsotriestoaskquestionsinherbooksthatrequirechildrentothinkanddiscovertheanswersastheyread.Thiscreatesanengagingexperienceforchildren,soitisnowonderwhyyoungerreadersarehookedonherbooks.1．WhenJoannaColewasyoung,she________.A.wasverypopularwithchildrenB.gotinspiredbyoneofherteachersC.beganhercareerofwritingnovelsD.knewwhatshewoulddointhefuture2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymean?A.madeafortune

B.madeapromise

C.gotideas

D.obtainedhelp3．WhatdoweknowaboutJoannaCole?A.SheisthemostfamouswomanwriterinAmerica.B.Shewritesnovelsnotonlyforkidsbutforadults.C.Sheisanexpertatgettingscienceacrosstoreaders.D.Shehasmadegreatcontributionstoscience.4．WhatkindofpersonisColeinthepassage?A.positiveandbrave

B.popularandreliableC.seriousandhonest

D.talentedandcreative參考答案：1-4.BACD本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述被譽(yù)為有史以來(lái)最受歡迎的兒童作家喬安娜·柯?tīng)枺缭谛W(xué)五年級(jí)的時(shí)候，喬安娜·柯?tīng)柊l(fā)現(xiàn)自己愛(ài)好寫(xiě)作和科學(xué)。喬安娜認(rèn)為她創(chuàng)作的主要激情來(lái)自她的一位小學(xué)老師，她曾經(jīng)從事過(guò)很多職業(yè)，小學(xué)教師、圖書(shū)館管理員、兒童圖書(shū)編輯及作家。她的作品《蟑螂》和《神奇校車》獲得了極大的成功。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Colehasowedalargepartofherpassiontooneofherelementaryschoolteachers.”可知，喬安娜·柯?tīng)柕膶?xiě)作激情主要來(lái)自她的一位小學(xué)老師，因此可知，在她小的時(shí)候受到她的老師的激勵(lì)。故選B項(xiàng)正確。2．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線句下文“Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthefollowingyearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoitssuccess.”可知，這本書(shū)第二年繼續(xù)出版并很快成為系列書(shū)籍和卡通系列劇。因此推斷喬安娜·柯?tīng)柕牡谝槐緯?shū)賺了錢。所以畫(huà)線部分意思是“發(fā)財(cái)”，與makeafortune意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)正確。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段二、三、四句“Shewritesinawaythatwillhopefullyinspirechildrentothinklikeascientist.Shedoesthisbywritingideasinsteadofjustfacts.Shealsotriestoaskquestionsinherbooksthatrequirechildrentothinkanddiscovertheanswersastheyread.”可知，喬安娜以希望能夠鼓舞孩子們像科學(xué)家一樣思考的方式寫(xiě)作，她的作品是她的想法，絕不僅僅是事實(shí)說(shuō)明。在她的書(shū)里她也試圖提出問(wèn)題，要求孩子們?cè)陂喿x的時(shí)候去解答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。因此推斷她擅長(zhǎng)傳遞科學(xué)給讀者。故選C項(xiàng)正確。4．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Sheknewasearlyasearlyas5thgradethatshewasinterestedinwritingandscience.”可知，喬安娜早在五年級(jí)就對(duì)寫(xiě)作和科學(xué)感興趣，說(shuō)明她是有天賦的；根據(jù)最后三段的內(nèi)容可知，喬安娜非常具有創(chuàng)造性，她發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有一本兒童圖書(shū)介紹過(guò)關(guān)于蟑螂的故事，因此寫(xiě)了她的第一本書(shū)《蟑螂》，她的作品《神奇校車》更是非常受讀者的歡迎，獲得了很大成功，這些都說(shuō)明她是一個(gè)有創(chuàng)造力的人。故選D項(xiàng)正確?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】高考中詞義推斷可以是一個(gè)單詞的意義推斷，也可以是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或句子的意義推斷，既可以是生詞意義，也可以是熟詞新意；還可以是對(duì)替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的判斷。在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要根據(jù)短文提供的語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)閱讀上下文，根據(jù)已知的信息或常識(shí)來(lái)推斷尚不熟悉的詞或詞組的含義。詞義猜測(cè)主要的解題策略有：語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)、語(yǔ)法猜詞和常識(shí)猜詞。語(yǔ)境既上下文。由于上下文中的生詞不是孤立存在的，其詞義與句中其它詞的詞義或具體的語(yǔ)境有著密切的聯(lián)系。因此在閱讀過(guò)程中，許多生詞的詞義可以充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)推測(cè)。運(yùn)用邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易得分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復(fù)雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語(yǔ)言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語(yǔ)言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的?！窘忸}剖析】第二小題就屬于猜測(cè)詞義中依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測(cè)詞義。答案需要推斷畫(huà)線部分的意思?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧扛鶕?jù)畫(huà)線句下文“Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthefollowingyearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoitssuccess.”可知，這本書(shū)第二年繼續(xù)出版并很快成為系列書(shū)籍和卡通系列劇。因此推斷畫(huà)線句表示與此句意義一致，喬安娜·柯?tīng)柕牡谝槐緯?shū)賺了錢?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymean??文章內(nèi)容Thebookwouldgoontobepublishedthefollowingyearandquicklybecamebookseriesandcartoonseriesduetoitssuccess.21.DerekRabcloisnottheonlysurfertoconquerHawaii'sfamousPipelinebigwavebreak,butwhileallothersusetheirsighttodoit,thisyoungprofessionalsurfermustrelyonlyonhisothersenses.That's

becauseheiscompletelyblind.WhenDerekwasborn,over24yearsago,hegothisnamefromDerekHo,thefirstHawaiiansurfingworldchampion.Asurfingenthusiasthimself,Emestodreamedthathissonwouldsharethetalentofhisuncle,aprofessionalsurfer.Unfortunately,Derekwasborncompletelyblind,butthisdidn'tslophisfamilyfrombelievinglhathecoulddoanythinghewanted,evenifthatmeantbecomingasurfer.Atage2,DerekreceivedabodyboardandthebeachesofGuarapari,Brazil,becamehisbackyard.Hewasalwayscomfortableinthewaterandsurfingwasinhisblood,buthedidn’tactuallytryridingawaveuntilheturned17,whenhisfatherboughthimasurfboard.Hisfathertaughthimthebasicsandencouragedhimtokeeppracticing,butaftersuccessfullystandinguponthesurfboard,DerekknewheneededtobecomemuchbetterifhewasgoingtoachieveEmesto'sdreamandbecomeaprofessionalsurfer.SohejoinedthePraiadoMoroosurf

school,wherehestudiedundercoachFabioMaru.Standinguponasurfboardandconqueringsmallwavesisonething,whilegatheringthecouragetotakeonHawaii'sboard-breakingPipelineisanother.Butthat’sexactlywhatDerekRabelosetouttodojustmonthsafterlearninghowtosurf.Everyonetoldhimitwastoodangerous,buthefelthecoulddoit.Andhedid,earningthepraiseoffamousprofessionalsurferslikeKellySlaterandMickFanning.Now24,RabelohasbeensurfingthePipelineeverywintersince.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphtellus?A.Goodeyesightisnecessaryforbecominggoodsuffers.B.NobodyhaseverconqueredHawaii’sbigwavebreak.C.DerekRabelodreamstoconquerHawaii'sbigwavebreak.D.DerekRabeloistheonlyblindprofessionalsurfertoconquerHawaii’sbigwavebreak.9.HowdidErnestobehaveafterDerekwasborn?A.Henamedhimafterhisuncle. B.Heneverlostconfidenceinhim.C.Hesenthimtoasurfingchampion. D.Hestartedhisowninterestinsurfing.10.AfterDerekwasabletostanduponthesurfboard,he_______________

.A.began