2023年考研英語2真題及答案

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20．ｓｉｍpleSectionⅡＲeadｉngComprehｅnｓionPａrtAＤirｅcｔioｎs:Texｔ1Aｎewstｕｄysugｇｅststｈatcoｎtｒａryｔｏmｏstsuｒveys．Ｐeoｐleａrｔacｔuallymoｒｅstreｓsｅdaｔhomｅｔhａnatwｏrｋ.Rｅseaｒchersmｅasｕredｐｅoｐｌe'ｓcortntｌol．Whｉｃhisｉｔａt(yī)ｓtrｅｓｓmａrker.Whｉletｈeyｗereatｗｏrkandwhiｌｅthｅyｗeｒeathomeａｎdｆoundｉthｉｇheｒatwhatisｓuppoｓedtoｂeaplaｃeofｒefuge．"Fｕrtherconｔradictingconventionaｌwisｄom,ｗefoｕｎdthatwｏmｅnasｗeｌlasmenhavｅloｗerlevelsoｆstｒeｓsatｗorkthanatｈoｍｅ,"writeｓonｅofthｅresearchｅrs.SaraｈDaｍaske,Iｎfactwomensａｙtheyｆeｅｌbeｔteratwｏrk.Shｅｎｏtes."ｉtiｓｍeｎnoｔwomｅｎ.Whｏｒｅportｂeinｇbappｉcｒatｈｏmethanａｔwork,"Ａｎothersｕrpｒiseisｔhatｔhefiｎdinｇsｈｏlｄｔｒuefｏrｂｏthｔhosewiｔhchildrcnanｄｗｉthout，ｂｕtｍoｒeｓofornｏnparents．Tｈisiswhypｃｏｐｌcwhowoｒkoutｓiｄeｔｈｅｈoｍehavｅｂｅｔterheaｌth．Ｗhａt(yī)tｈｅｓｔudｙdｏｅsn'tmeａsｕｒｅｉswｈetherpeoplearｅstillｄoiｎgwｏrkwheｎｔｈey'rｅathoｍｅ,whethｅritｉshousehoｌdworkoｒwｏｒkbｒougｈtｈomefｒomthｅofｆice.Formanymen，theｅndoftheｗoｒkdayisａt(yī)iｍetｏｋickback.Foｒwomｅnwhｏstａyｈome,thｅynevergettoｌｅａvetheofficｅ.Andfoｒwｏｍenｗhowoｒkoutsｉｄｅthehomｅ,ｔheyoftenaｒeplayinｇcatch-up-ｗith-householｄtaskｓ.Withtｈeblｕｒrｉｎgofrｏles，andｔｈｅfactthattｈehomefrontlagswellbeｈindｔｈｅwoｒkplaｃeinmａkingaｄjuｓtmｅntsｆoｒwoｒｋingｗomen,it'sｎotsurpｒｉsiｎgtｈatwoｍenaｒemoｒｅstressedatｈome．Buｔit'sｎotjｕｓｔagenderthing.Aｔwｏrk，pｅｏｐleprｅttyｍuｃhknowwhatthey＇ｒesuｐpｏｓedtｏｂedｏing:wｏrkiｎg,mａｋinｇｍoｎｅy,ｄｏinｇtheｔａｓkｓｔheｙhaveｔｏdoiｎｏｒｄerｔodrａwaninｃｏme.Ｔhebargainisverypｕrｅ:Ｅmployeeputsiｎｈoursofpｈysicalｏrmentａlｌaborandemployeedrawsｏutlife-ｓｕstaiｎiｎgmｏｏla.Ｏnｔhehomｅfroｎt,ｈowever,peoｐlehavｅｎosｕｃhclarｉty.Ｒaｒeisthｅｈousｅhoｌｄiｎwhichtｈedｉvisionoflaｂorisｓoｃliniｃallyａｎdmeｔhoｄicaｌlｙｌaidｏut.Ｔherearealotoftａｓｋｓtｏｂeｄone,theｒeａreｉｎaｄｅquaterewａrdｓformoｓｔoｆthem.Ｙourhｏｍecolleａgues-yoｕrfamilｙ-haｖenoｃlearreｗardsfortheirｌａｂoｒ;tｈeynｅedtｏbeｔａlkｅdｉnｔoｉt,orifｔｈey'rｅteenaｇers，thｒeatenedwithcoｍpleteremｏvaｌoｆaｌleｌeｃtronicdevｉces.Ｐl(wèi)ｕｓ,tｈeｙ'reyｏｕrfaｍily.Yｏuｃａnnｏtｆireyoｕrfamily．Ｙoｕnｅverreaｌlyｇettｏｇohomefromｈome．Soit＇snｏtsｕrｐrｉｓingthaｔpeopleareｍoｒestreｓseｄathome．Notoｎlｙaｒethetaｓksａｐｐarentｌｙｉｎｆｉｎｉte,theco-worｋersａremuchhardertoｍotivａt(yī)ｅ．２1．AｃcoｒdｉngtｏＰａrａｇraph1,ｍoｓtprevioｕｓsurveysfｏunｄｔhａt(yī)homｅ_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_[A］wａsaｎｕnreａlｉstiｃpｌａceｆorrelaxatiｏn[B]geｎeratedmorestｒｅsｓthａntheworkｐｌace［C]wasaniｄｅalｐlaceｆｏrstｒｅsｓｍｅａsuremｅnｔ[Ｄ]offeredｇreaterreｌaｘａｔioｎｔｈａnthewｏrkｐlace22.AccoｒdinｇtoDamaｓkｅ，whoarelikeｌytobｅtｈehａpｐiestaｔhｏme?［Ａ]Woｒkiｎgmothers［B]Chｉldlesｓhusbands[C]Ｃhildlesswivｅs[Ｄ］Wｏｒkingfａt(yī)ｈers2３Tｈeblurrｉｎgｏfｗorkiｎgｗoｍｅn'srolｅsｒｅｆersｔｏｔhefacｔｔhａy＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__[Ａ］tｈeyarｅｂothbreadwiｎnｅｒsandhousｅwｉｖes[B］theiｒhomeｉsａlsoaplaceforｋickinｇback［C]tｈerｅisoftｅnｍuｃhｈｏｕseworkleｆｔｂeｈiｎd［D]itｉsdｉffｉcｕltfortheｍtolｅaveｔheiroffice24.Tｈewｏrｄ＂moolａ"(Line4，Para4)mｏｓtpｒoｂablymeans＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)[A]eｎeｒｇｙ［Ｂ]skｉｌｌｓ[C]earnings[D]nutriｔｉon2５.Thehｏmｅfroｎtdiffersfrｏmｔhewｏrkplａceinｔhat__＿_(dá)______＿＿_(dá)[Ａ]hoｍeiｓｈaｒdlyacoｚiｅｒworkingenvironment[B]divisｉonｏflaboratｈｏmeisseｌｄｏmｃlｅar-ｃuｔ[Ｃ]houseｈoｌdtasksarｅｇｅneraｌlymoｒｅmotｉvａt(yī)ｉng［D]famｉｌylａborisoftenａdequatelyrｅwaｒｄｅd答案：2１.Ｄoｆｆeredgrｅaterｒｅlａxatioｎtｈaｎｔheｗoｒkplace２2.Ｂcｈｉldlesｓhusbａnds２3.Atheｙarebothbreadwinneｒsａｎdhousｅwiveｓ24.Ｃearnｉnｇｓ25.Ｂdivisioｎｏｆｌaborａt(yī)homｅiｓseldｏmcleａr－cuｔText２Forｙeａｒs,studｉesｈaveｆoundthaｔfｉrst－ｇenｅraｔioncolleｇｅstudentｓ-thosewhodonoｔhaｖeaｐａreｎtwithａｃolｌegｅｄeｇreｅ－ｌagotherstudentsonａｒcaｔionacｈievementfaｃtorｓ.Ｔheirｇradesarｅlｏｗerａｎdthｅiｒdropoutratesareｈigheｒ.Butsｉnｃesuchstudentsaremostlｉkelytoadvaｎｃeｅconomｉｃａlｌｙiｆｔheｙsｕcceeｄinhighereｄuｃatiｏｎ,collｅgeｓaｎdunivｅrsiｔieshaｖepuｓｈedｆｏrｄecaｄｅstoreｃｒuｉtmoreｏfthｅm.Ｔhishaｓcreａt(yī)ed"aparadｏx"iｎtｈatrecruitｉngfirst－geneｒatｉｏnstuｄents,buttｈenwatcｈingmanyｏｆthｅmfａil,meansｔhaｔhiｇheｒeｄｕcatｉonhaｓ"coｎｔinｕｅdtoreproduceandwidｅn,rａt(yī)hｅrｔｈanｃlose"ａcｈｉevemｅｎtgａｐｂａsｅdonsociａlcｌass，ａｃcordiｎｇtotｈedepresｓiｎgbegiｎninｇoｆaｐaperｆｏｒthcｏmｉngintｈeｊouｒnalＰsychoｌogicａｌＳcｉense．Ｂuttheａrticｌeiｓaｃｔuaｌｌyquｉｔeｏptiｍistiｃ,asitoutｌiｎesapotenｔｉalsoluｔiｏntoｔhｉspｒｏblem,ｓuggｅstinｇthataｎappｒoach（whiｃｈｉnvolｖeｓａｏｎe-hour，ｎeｘｔ-to-ｎｏ－ｃostprｏgraｍ）cａnclｏsｅ63percentoftheachieｖemenｔgap(mｅasuｒeｄbysｕcｈfactorsａｓgｒaｄes）ｂetweenｆｉｒｓt-geneｒationandｏthｅrsｔｕｄｅｎts.Theaｕthｏrsofthepaｐerarｅｆrｏmdifferｅｎtｕnｉｖersitｉｅｓ，anｄtｈeｉｒｆinｄｉnsａｒebasedonａstｕｄyinｖolvｉnｇ147sｔudｅntｓ(whocｏmｐｌｅteｄtheｐrojｅct)aｔanunnamｅdｐrivａｔeuｎiversity．Firstgenｅratioｎwasdefｉｎedaｓnothavｉngａｐａrentwitｈａｆouｒ-yearcollegedegｒeeＭostofthefｉrst-generationstｕｄents(５9.1percenｔ)weｒｅrecｉｐientｓofPｅｌｌGrants,afeｄｅraｌｇrantfoｒｕndergｒaduateｓｗｉｔhfinanｃｉａlｎeｅd，ｗhilｅtｈiswastrｕeoｎlyfor8．６perceｎtoftｈｅｓtudｅnｔｓwｉtaｔleastｏnepaｒentwiｔhafour-yeａrdegｒeｅＴheirthｅsis-ｔhａt(yī)arelativｅｌymodestiｎtｅrｖeｎtiｏncoｕｌdｈavｅabｉgｉmｐacｔ-wａsbasｅdonｔｈeviｅwthatｆirst-generaｔionstｕdentsｍａyｂemｏstlaｃkiｎgnotinpotｅntialbｕtinｐracticaｌknoｗledgeａbouthｏwtｏdealwｉｔｈtheissuesthaｔfacemostｃolｌegestudentsTheycitｅｐaｓtreseａrchbyｓeveraｌauthoｒstoshoｗｔhatthｉｓisｔhｅgapthatmｕstbenaｒrｏｗeｄｔｏclosetｈｅaｃhievｅmｅnｔｇap.Ｍanyｆirｓt-ｇｅnerａｔionstｕｄents"strｕggｌetonavｉgａｔethemiｄdle-clａsｓcｕlｔureｏfhiｇhereducaｔion，lｅａrnｔhe＇rulesofｔhegame,'aｎｄtａkeadvantａｇeofcｏｌｌeｇｅresources,＂theywrｉteAｎdthｉｓbｅｃｏmesmｏreofａpｒobleｍwheｎｃollａgｅsｄoｎ＇ttalkabouttheclasｓａdvanｔageａnddｉsaｄvanｔａgｅsofｄifｆerｅnｔgroupsofｓtudeｎｔｓBecauseＵScollｅgｅsａnｄunｉversitiｅsseldomａcknｏwledgehoｗsociａlｃlasscａｎaｆfectstuｄｅnts＇ｅducatｉonａｌｅxpeｒｉｅnｃe,manyfiｒｓt-generationstuｄentslａｃksｉｇhｔaboｕtwhyｔｈeｙarｅｓｔruｇgｌinganddｏnｏtundeｒstandhowstｕdents'liｋetheｍcａnimｐrove26．Recruｉtinｇmｏrefirst-geneｒaｔｉonstudｅｎtｓhas[A]redｕcｅdthｅiｒdropoutraｔes[B］narｒoweｄtheachiｅveｍenｔgao［C]misseｄitｓorｉginalpｕrpoｓe[D]depressedcolｌｅgestudｅnｔs27Thｅauｔhｏroftｈeｒeseaｒchａrtiｃleａrｅｏpｔimisｔicｂｅcausｅ[Ａ]theｐroｂlemissolvａｂle[Ｂ]tｈｅirapｐrｏａｃｈisｃostless[ｑtheｒecrｕitｉngraｔｅhasｉncreased[D]theirfiｎdiｎgａpｐealtostｕdentｓ２8Thestudysuｇgｅｓｔｓthａt(yī)ｍoｓｔfirst－geｎeratｉonｓtudents［A]ｓｔｕdyatpriｖaｔeuｎｉverｓities[B]arefromsingｌe-parｅnｔfamiｌｉｅs[qａreiｎneｅdoffiｎancialｓupport[D]haｖefａiledｔheircolｌａge29.Theａuthｏrofthｅpaperbeｌievethatfirst-ｇeneratｉonsｔudenｔs[A］areａctuaｌlyindiｆfereｎtｔoｔheachieｖementｇap［B]canhaveapｏtenｔialinflueｎceonoｔheｒstudents［C]mayｌaｃkｏｐporｔｕｎitiｅstoaｐpｌyｆorresearｃhｐrojects[Ｄ]areｉneｘpｅrieｎcediｎhaｎｄlｉngthｅirissｕesatcoｌlｅｇｅ3０.Wｅmａyｉnfeｒｆromthｅlａｓtｐaｒaｇｒaｐhthａt(yī)--[A］uｎｉｖeｒｓｉtiesｏftｅｎｒ~eｃｔtｈecultuｒeｏｆtｈemｉddlｅ-class[Ｂ］studentsareuｓualｌyｔobｌａｍｅforｔｈeiｒlaｃkofresｏｕrｃeｓ[Ｃ］soｃialclassgreatlyｈｅlｐｓｅnriｃheｄuｃationaｌｅxperｉeｎcｅｓ［D]collegesaｒｅpａｒtlyrｅsponｓｉblｅfｏｒtｈbleminquestion答案：２6.Cmisseditsｏriｇｉnａlpurposｅ27．Athｅprobｌeｍiｓsｏlvabｌｅ2８.Careｉnnｅedｏfｆinａnciaｌsｕｐpｏrt２9.Dareiｎｅxperiencedｉnｈａndliｎgiｓｓｕｅsatcolｌege3０.DcollｅgeｓareparｔlyrespｏｎsiblｅfortheprobleminｑｕestionTexｔ3Ｅｖenintraditionaｌoｆficeｓ，＂thｅｌｉnguaｆraｎｃaoｆcorｐorａt(yī)eAmeｒｉcaｈasgｏｔtenmuchmoreｅｍotionalａndmｕｃhｍorerigｈt－brainedthanｉｔｗaｓ20ｙeaｒsagｏ,"saidHarvaｒdBusinesｓＳchoolproｆeｓsorNancｙＫoehnShｅsｔarｔedspinninｇoffexaｍples."IfyoｕandIparａchutedbacｋｔｏＦpａniｅsｉｎ199０，wewouldseemuchleｓsfrequentuseoｆtｅｒmslｉｋeJｏｕrｎey,ｍｉssion,passion．Thｅｒeｗｅrｅgoals,thｅｒeｗeｒｅstraｔegｉes,thｅrewｅreobjectivｅｓ,butwｅdｉdn＇ttalkabouteｎergy;wedidｎ'ttａlkaboutpassion."Koｅhnpoｉｎtｅｄouｔthaｔtｈisｎeweｒaoｆcorpoｒaｔevocabｕlaｒyisveｒｙ"teａｍ＂-orｉeｎted－anｄnotbｙcoｉｎcidence."Lｅt＇snotfｏrgｅtsDorｔs-inｍale-ｄominaｔｅdcorporaｔeAｍerｉca，it'sｓtilｌaｂｉgdeal.Iｔ'snoｔeｘplicitlyｃｏnsｃiouｓ;it'ｓtheideatｈatI'macoacｈ,ａndyou'rｅｍytｅａm，andwe＇reiｎthisｔogｅtheｃ.ThereaｒeｌoｔsａnｄｌoｔsoｆCEOｓinverydiｆferentcompanｉes，ｂｕtmoｓtthinkｏfthｅmselｖeｓａscｏacｈeｓandtｈisiｓtheｉrtｅamandtheywａnttowｉn"．Thｅseterｍsarｅaｌｓointenｄeｄtoｉnfusｅwｏrkｗｉthmeaning-and,aｓKhuranapoｉntsoｕｔ，increａseａlｌegｉanceｔothefirm."Youｈavethｅiｍportatiｏｎofterｍinｏloｇyｔhａt(yī)hｉstoｒicallyuｓeｄtobeａsｓocｉatｅdwｉthnon-pｒofitoｒgａnizaｔiｏｎsandrｅligiousorganizａｔｉons:Teｒmｓliｋｅｖｉｓiｏn,valｕes，pasｓiｏｎ,ａndｐurpose，"sａidＫhｕｒanａThisｎewfｏcｕsoｎpｅrsｏｎａlｆuｌfｉllmｅntcanheｌpｋeｅpemplｏｙeesmotｉvatedａmidiｎcrｅａsinglyｌouｄｄebatesovｅrwoｒｋ-lifeｂalanceＴhe"momｍｙwars"oftｈe１99０saresｔillgoｉngｏntodａy,pｒoｍpｔｉngargumentsaboｕｔｗhｙwoｍeｎstillcan'ｔhaveiｔallandbooｋslｉｋeSheｒyｌSａndbｅrg＇sLeanIｎ,whosetiｔleｈａsbecomeabｕzｚwordinitsownriｇｈt．Ｔerｍslｉkeuｎplｕｇ,ofｆline，liｆｅ-hack,bａnｄwidｔh,andｃapacityareaｌｌaboutseｔtｉngboundａｒiｅsｂetｗｅenthｅoffiｃeａｎdthｅhoｍｅＢutiｆyoｕｒworkｉsyoｕｒ"pasｓion,"ｙｏu'IIｂemoｒeｌikelytodｅvｏteｙourselftoiｔ,ｅvenifthａt(yī)meansgｏinghomｅforｄｉnｎeraｎdｔｈｅｎworｋｉnglｏngaｆtertｈekiｄsareiｎbedＢuttｈisseeｍstobｅtheironyofofficｅspeak:Everｙonｅmakeｓfuｎｏｆit，butmanａgeｒslovｅit，cｏmｐａｎiｅsdeｐendｏniｔ，ａｎdregｕlarｐeoｐlewｉllinｇlyabsｏrbｉtＡsNｕｎbｅｒｇsaid,"Youｃａｎｇetpｅｏｐletｏtｈinkit＇snonsｅｎseatthesaｍetimethatyouｂuyintoit."Ｉnａwoｒkplacethａt(yī)＇sfundamｅnｔaｌlｙinｄiｆｆｅｒeｎttoyourlifeanditｓmｅａｎiｎgofｆiceｓpｅａkcａｎheｌｐyouｆigureouｔhowyourｅｌaｔｅtoyｏｕｒwork-ａｎdhoｗyoｕｒworkdｅfineswhoyｏｕare31．AcｃorｄingtoＮancyKoｅhn,oｆｆicelanguagehasbecome________[Ａ]ｍoｒeeｍｏtioｎaｌ[B]moreobｊectiｖe［C]lｅsｓenerｇｅtｉc［D]lｅｓsenｅrgｅtic［Ｅ]lｅsｓstratｅgｉｃ32."teａm"－ｏｒiｅnｔedcorporateｖocabulaｒyiｓcloselｙrｅlateｄto________[Ａ]hｉsｔoricａlincｉdeｎts[B]gｅnderｄiｆfｅｒenｃe[C]sporｔsculturｅ[D]athlｅticｅｘecutiｖｅs3３.Khuranａbelievesthａt(yī)tｈeimｐｏrｔationofteｒminolｏgyａiｍｓｔo____＿_(dá)＿＿[Ａ]revｉvｅｈistoｒiｃalterms[B]promotｅcｏmpanyｉmａge[Ｃ]fostercorｐoratecoopｅraｔion[D]strengtheneｍployeｅloyａlｔｙ34.Itcanbｅinｆerreｄtｈａt(yī)LeanＩn＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)____[A］vｏiceｓｆorｗoｒkｉngwomen[B]ａｐｐeａlstｏpassionatewoｒｋahｏlics[Ｃ］trｉｇｇeｒsdcｂatesａmoｎgmommｉes[Ｄ]praisesmotｉvａt(yī)edempｌoｙees35．Whiｃhofthefollｏｗiｎgstatementsistｒｕｅaboｕtofficespeaｋ?[A］Manaｇersadmireitbuｔavoidit[Ｂ]Lingｕistｓｂeliｅveittoｂenｏnsｅnse[C]Cｏmpaniesfindittobefｕndaｍental[D]Rｅｇulａｒpｅｏplemoｃｋiｔbutacceｐｔｉt答案:31.Ａmoreｅmoｔioｎal32.Cｓportｓｃultｕｒe33.Dsｔrengthｅneｍployeｅloｙaltｙ34.Avoicesforwｏrｋingwomｅｎ３５.CｃｏmｐaｎieｓfinｄittobeｆundameｎtａlText4Manｙpeoｐletalｋeｄofthe288,000neｗjｏbstｈeＬaｂorDeｐarｔmentrｅpｏrledforJure,ａloｎgwiththｅｄrｏpｉnｔｈeunemplｏｙｍenttaketｏ6Jpｅrｃent．a(chǎn)tgoodnews.Andtｈeyｗeｒｅright．Fｏrｎowitapｐｅaｒstheeconomｙｉsｃｒeaｔingjoｂsａｔadecenｔpacｅ.Westillｈaveａlonｇｗaｙtoｇotｏｇetｂacktofuｌlｅmｐｌｏyｍenｔ，ｂutatｌｅastwｅareｎowfinａllymoviｎgfｏrwarｄatａfasterpａce.Hoｗevertｈereiｓanotheriｍportantpartoftheｊｏbｓpictuｒethａt(yī)wastargeｌyoｖeｄookcd.Thereｗaｓabigjuｍpｉntheｎｕmbeｒofｐeｏpleｗhｏreｐortvoluntariｌywoｒkingpart-tiｍe.Thisfigureｉsnｏw830,000(4,４percｅnt)aboｖｅiｔsyｅaｒａgｏlevel.BefｏreexplａiniｎｇtｈeconnecｔionｔotheＯbａmａcare,itiswｏｒthmakinｇaｎimportantｄistinction.Manypeoｐleｗｈｏworｋpａrｔ-timejobsactuａllｙｗａntfｕ.Tｈeyｔakｅpaｒt－timeworkbecaｕｓethｉsisalｌthｅycanｇeｔ.Ａnincｒeaｓeinｉｎｖoｌｕnｔarｙpart-tiｍeworkiseviｄenｃeofwｅaknessiｎthｅlａbormarｋｅｔandiｔmeａnｓtｈatmanypｅopleｗiｌlbehavingaveｒｙhardtｉmemａkingｅndｓmeｅt.Therｅｗasａnincreaseｉnｉnvｏluｎtaｒypart-timｅiｎＪｕne,butthｅgeneraldiｒectionhasbeeｎdｏwn.Invoｌuｎtarｙpart-timeeｍploｙmentｉｓstillfarｈiｇhｅrtｈａnｂｅforethereceｓsion,ｂutitiｓdownby640,00０(7.9percent)fromitｓyeaｒagoｌeｖel．Weknｏｗtｈｅdｉffeｒｅｎcｅbetweenvｏlｕｎｔaryandｉｎvoluｎtarｙｐａrt－ｔimeemploymentbeｃａusｅpeopletelluｓ.ＴhｅsurveyuｓｅdbyｔhｅLaboｒDeparｔmeｎtaskspeopleifthｅyworkedlｅsｓthan35hｏurｓintherefeｒenｃeｗｅｅｋ.Iftｈeaｎsweｒis＂yes.＂ｔheyaｒeclassifｉedasｗorkiｎgpａrｔ-time.Theｓurveythenaskｓｗhetheｒtheｙworkeｄleｓｓthａn35ｈｏｕrsinｔｈａt(yī)ｗｅekbecaｕseｔhｅyｗaｎｔedtowoｒｋlｅsｓｔhanfullｔiｍeｏrｂecauseｔheyhadnochoice.Thｅｙaｒeonlyelassｉfｉeｄasvolｕntarypａrt-timeｗorkerｓifthｅｙteｌlthｅsurｖeｙtakerｔhｅｙｃhoseｔoｗｏrｋlessｔｈan35hoursaｗeｅｋ．Tｈeiｓｓueoｆｖoluntaｒyｐａrｔ-ｔimerelatｅstoＯbamacarｅbeｃansｅoneofｔhｅmaｉnpｕｒposeswａsｔoaｌlｏｗpeｏｐletogetinsuranceoｕtsiｄｅofｅｍplｏyｍent.Formanｙpeｏple,especialｌythosewｉthsｅrioｕsｈｅａlｔhcoｎditiｏnｓｏｒfamｉlymembersｗithseriousheaｌｔhcondiｔiｏns,beforeObamａcａｒetheonlywaytogetinsurancewａsthｒｏugｈaｊobtｈatpｒｏvｉdedhealｔhinsｕrancｅ.However,Ｏｂaｍacareｈaｓalloｗedmoｒｅtｈaｎ12miｌlionpeopletoeitheｒgeｔinsurａncethroughMedicaidoｒtheｅxchanｇes.Theｓｅarepeoplewhｏmaypｒeviouslｙhaveｆeｌｔtheneeｄｔogetaｆuｌｌ-tiｍeｊobｔhaｔproｖidedinsｕranｃeｉnｏrｄertocoｖeｒtｈemselvesanｄｔheirfamｉlｉｅs.WithObａmacaretｈerｅisnｏｌoｎgｅrａｌiｎkbetwｅｅneｍployｍｅntandinsurancｅ.３6．Whiｃhparｔofｔｈeｊobsｐicturｅwａsnegleｃteｄ?Ａ.Ｔｈｅprospeｃｔoｆatｈｒiviｎgjobmarkeｔ.B.Theｉｎcrｅaseofvoｌｕntaｒｙpaｒt-tｉmｅjobs.C.Ｔｈepoｓsibilｉtyoffuｌlemｐlｏｙment．Ｄ.Theａccｅleｒatｉonｏfjobcreation.３７.Mａnypeopleｗｏｒkpart－ｔiｍｅbecａusｅtheｙA.prｅｆerpaｒt-tｉmejoｂｓtｏfull-ｔimejobｓＢ.feeltｈatisenougｈtomakeendsmeeｔＣ.cannｏtgｅttheirhanｄｓonｆull-ｔimｅjobsD.haven'tsｅｅnthｅweａknｅsｓoｆｔｈｅmａｒkeｔ３8.Ｉnvｏｌunｔarypａｒt-tiｍｅｅmpｌoyｍenｔinｔhｅＵSA．ｉsｈaｒｄerｔoａｃquirethanｏnｅyｅａｒaｇoＢ.ｓｈowsageneraltｅndenｃyｏfｄeｃｌinｅC.sａt(yī)iｓfiestｈeｒealneｅdoｆtｈejｏｂlesｓD.ｉｓlｏweｒthａnbｅfoｒetheｒeceｓsiｏn３9.ItcanbｅleａｒｎedｔｈaｔwｉthObａｍaｃａｒe,.A.itisnｏｌoｎｇeｒeasyfｏｒpart-timerstoｇeｔｉnsurａnｃeB.emplｏymｅｎtｉsnｏlongｅrapｒｅｃondiｔiontｏgｅｔｉｎｓuranｃeC．iｔiｓstiｌlchaｌlｅｎgingtogｅtinｓurａnｃeforfamｉlyｍemberｓD.full-timeｅmplｏymentisｓtｉｌlesｓｅntialforｉｎsuraｎｃe４0.Thｅtextmaiｎｌydisｃuｓses.A．emｐloymｅntintheUSB.paｒt－ｔimerclassificａt(yī)ｉｏｎC.inｓurａnceｔhroｕgｈMedｉcaidD.Oｂaｍａcａｒｅ＇sｔrｏuble答案：３6.B

ｔｈeiｎcｒeasｅofｖoｌuntaryｐarｔ-tｉmejoｂｓ37.C

cannｏｔgettｈｅirhaｎdsｏnｆuｌl-ｔｉmｅｊoｂｓ38.B

showsaｇenerａlｔenｄeｎcyofdｅclｉｎe３9．B

employmｅntｉsｎolongerapreconditｉontogetｉnｓuranｃe40．A

ｅmploymentintheＵSSomeOlｄTrｕthstoHelｐYｏuＯｖercｏrneTｏｕcghTimeｓUefoｒtuｎaｔely,lifeｉsnotabedｏfroses,Ｗearegｏiｎgthｒoughliｆeｆaciｎｇsadeｘperｉenｃes．Moｒｅovｅr,ｗearegriｅvingvaｒiouskinｄｓoｆloss：ａｆrieｎdsｈiｐ，ａrontanticrｅlａt(yī)lonshlpｏfahｏuse.Ｈaｒdｔimesmaｙholdyｏudownatwｈaｔusuａllｙseｅmslikeｔhemostinｏppoｒtuｎetｉme,butyousｈouｌdｒememberｔhａｔtheywｏn'ｔlasｔforever.Whenourtiｍeｏｆmourｎingisover,wepｒessfｏrward,stｒongerwithａgｒeaterunderｓtaｎdingａndrｅｓpectforlife.Furthermore,tｈeselossesmａkｅｕsｍａt(yī)urｅandevenｔａllymoｖeａstowaｒｄfutuｒeopportuｎｉtｉesfｏrgrowtｈaｎdhａppineｓs.IwaｎttoshａreｔhｅseoldtｒuthsＩ'veｌearnedalｏｎgtheway.41.Feariｓboｔhusefuｌａｎdｈarmful．Tｈisnormalhumａｎreacｔｉoｎisusedtｏprｏtecｔｕsｂysiｇnaliｎgdaｎgeｒandpreparingustodealｗithit.Unｆoｒtuｎatｅly,ｐeoｐlecｒeateinneｒbaｒrｉeｒｓwithahelpｏfｅxａggeｒaｔingfearｓ．Myｆaｖorｉｔeacｔｏrwillsｍｉｔhonceｓａｉd,＂Feariｓｎotreaｌ.Itisapｒoductoftｈoｕgｈtsｙｏucｒｅａt(yī)e.Ｄonｏｔmisｕndeｒstandmｅ.Ｄａngeriｓvｅryrｅal．Bｕtfeaｒisachoiｃe."Iｄｏcompleｔｅｌｙagrｅethatfeａrｓarejｕstｔheｐroｄuｃｔｏｆouｒluｘuｒiaｎtimaｇiｎａt(yī)iｏn.42．Ifyouａre?？？by？？？

aｎd43..Ｓomｅtｉｍesiｔiscaｓytofeｅlｂaｄｂecａusｅyouａｒegｏiｎgthrougｈtouｇｈtｉmｅs.Youcaｎｂeeasilyｃaugｈtupｂylifｅprｏｂlemｓｔhａt(yī)ｙoufoｒgｅttｏpaｕseandａｐpｒeｃiaｔetｈeｔhiｎgsyｏuｈａve.Ｏnlystrongpeopｌeｐrｅfertosｍileandvａluｅｔheirｌifｅiｎsteａdoｆcｒｙｉnganｄｃomplａiningaｂoｕtsomethinｇ．44..Nomaｔｔeｒｈowisoｌatedyoumiｇhtfeelandhowsｅrｉoustheｓiｔuaｔｉoｎis,ｙｏｕsｈouldaｌwaysｒemembｅrtｈatyoｕarenotａloｎe．Ｔrytokｅepｉnmindtｈａｔalmｏｓｔevｅryonerｅｓｐecｔsandｗａntsｔohelpyｏuiｆｙoｕaｒetｒｙiｎgtomakeagooｄchａnｇｅinyourｌife,ｅsｐecｉaｌlyyouｒdearesｔandnearesｔpeople,Youmａyhavｅacｉrcｌeoffrieｎdswhｏprｏvｉdeconｓtaｎtgｏodｈumor,helｐａndｃoｍpaniｏｎｓhip.Iｆyouhavenofrｉｅｎdｓorrelatives.Trｙｔｏparticipateｉｎsevｅｒalonlinecommuｎities，fulｌｏfpｅｏpleｗhｏareaｌｗaｙsｗillingtｏｓhareadｖicｅandcncourａgement.45.Todaｙmanypｅopleｆinｄitdiffiｃulttｏtｒuｓtthｅirownｏpinioｎａndsｅekbalａｎceｂyｇaiｎiｎgｏbjectivitｙfroｍexternalsouｒｃｅｓ.Thiswａｙyoｕｄevａｌuｅyouｒoｐiｎioｎanｄｓhowthａｔｙouａreｉnｃａpaｂｌeofmaｎａｇingyourofownlife.Ｗhenｙoｕａrｅstrｕｇｇlingtoachievｅsomethinｇimｐortanｔyoushｏuｌdbelievｅinyourself

ａndｂｅｓｕｒetｈａt(yī)ｙourdecisiｏniｓthebesｔ.Yoｕｌiveinyoｕｒskin,thｉnｋｙourowｎtｈｏughｔs,havｅyoｕrｏwnvaluｅsandmａｋeyouｒowncｈoｉcｅs.答案:41.Ｄ

Mostofｙｏurｆｅaｒsareｕnｒeal4２．E

Tｈinｋabouttｈeresentmomeｎt４３.Ｇ

Theｒearemａnyｔhｉｎgsｔoｂegrａt(yī)efulｆｏr4４.A

yｏuarenoｔalone45．C

PaveyourｏwnuniｑuepatｈSeｃtioｎⅢTranｓlａt(yī)iｏｎ46.Diｒectioｎs:ＴransｌatethefollｏwingtextｆrｏｍEｎglishintoChｉnｅse.WｒｉteyourtraｎsｌatｉｏnonANSWERSHEET２．(15poiｎts)Thｉnkabｏutdｒiｖingaroutetｈat＇sveryfamiliaｒ.Itcｏuldbeyourcommutetoworｋ,ａt(yī)ripｉnｔｏtｏwｎoｒtｈeｗayｈome.Whichｅveｒitis,ｙｏｕｋnowｅｖｅrytwistaｎdtｕrnlｉketｈｅbａckofyｏurhand.Ｏｎthesesｏrtｓoｆｔriｐsｉt＇seasytolｏsecoｎcentraｔionontｈeｄrｉvinｇanｄpaylittlｅatｔｅntioｎtｏthｅpaｓｓiｎgｓcenery．Ｔhｅconsequenceｉsthatyｏupercｅｉvethaｔthetrｉphastakenlessｔimeｔhanitａctuallyｈas．Ｔhisisthewｅlｌ-tｒａｖｅlledroａｄeｆfecｔ:pｅoｐleｔendｔｏunｄeresｔimatethetimeittakesｔoｔraｖｅlafamiｌｉａrｒouｔe.Theeffectiscausedbythewaywealloｃａt(yī)ｅouraｔｔｅｎtiｏｎ．Whenwetｒavｅldｏwnawｅll-knｏｗnｒoｕte，beｃausｅwedon'tｈavetocｏｎcｅｎtｒaｔemuch,timｅseeｍstoflｏｗmorｅquｉcｋly.Ａndafteｒwards，ｗhenwｅcomｅtoｔhｉｎkbackoｎiｔ，wｅｃan'tremeｍｂerthｅjourneyweｌｌbｅcauseｗｅdidn＇tpaｙmｕchattenｔioｎtoit.Ｓoweasｓｕmeiｔwassｈorter.參考譯文:想想看在一條非常熟悉的路上駕駛的感覺，這也許發(fā)生在上班，進(jìn)城或回家的路上。無論如何，你會熟悉路上的每一個迂回曲折。在這類旅行中，我們很容易會分散注意力并且不太關(guān)注路邊的風(fēng)景。結(jié)果就是你誤認(rèn)為旅途比實際所用的時間要少。這是美妙的路程所產(chǎn)生的效果:人們往往會低估在熟悉的路程中所用掉的時間。我們分散注意力的方式會導(dǎo)致這種結(jié)果。當(dāng)我們在知名的路途中行駛時，我們不必過于集中精力，時間似乎過得飛快。隨后,當(dāng)我們回想整個過程時,由于沒有特別留神,會變得印象模糊。此時,我們似乎會覺得這段路程會更短些。SectiｏnⅣＷritiｎｇParｔA47．Dｉrｅerｉｏｎｓ:Sｕpｐｏsｅyouｒunｉversｉｔｙｉｓｇｏｉngｔｏ