河南省新鄉(xiāng)市高三上學(xué)期入學(xué)測試多校聯(lián)考英語試題含聽力

2022～2023學(xué)年新鄉(xiāng)市高三年級入學(xué)測試英語考生注意：1.本試卷共150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whyisthemanleavingearly?A.Hewantstoavoidatrafficjam.B.Heisn’tinterestedinthemovie.C.Hedoesn’tknowthewaytothetheater.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whyareyouleavingsoearly?Themoviedoesn’tstarttillseven.M:Youknow,it’sanightmareontheexpresswayduringrushhour.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdidthewomanfeeljustnow?A.Excited. B.Bored. C.Scared.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ifyouscaremelikethatagain,I’llyellandtheneighborswillhear.

M:I’msorry.Itwastoogoodtopassup.Youwerejustsittingthere,andIthoughtitwouldbefunnytothrowthecatonyou.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inakitchen.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Passmethesalt,please.M:Whichone?W:TheoneattheendoftheshelfIt’sslightlysmallerthantheothers.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At6:30. B.At6:45. C.At7:00.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jane.It’sJohnhere,justringingtofindoutwhattimewe’remeetingtonight.TheearliestIcanmeetisaroundhalfpastsix.W:Thefilmdoesn’tstarttillseven,Howaboutmeetingatquartertoseven?M:OK.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhomightFreddybe?A.Thespeakers’son.B.Thespeakers’landlady.C.Thespeakers’pet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Oh,no!Where’slittleFreddy?W:Johnnyforgottofeedhimwhilewewereatwork.Ithinkhechewedaholethroughhisboxandranaround.M:Don’ttellthelandladywe’vegotamouseinourapartment!Let’scatchhimnow.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Bytrain.7.Whatdothespeakersagreeabouttakingthetrain?A.Itissafer. B.Itisfaster. C.Itischeaper.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whyisthewomanupsetwiththeman?A.Hehasn’tbeenattendingclass.B.Hedidn’tturninhisessay.C.Hisessayistooshort.9.Howmanyessayshasthemanrewrittenthisyearaltogether?A.Threeessays. B.Twoessays. C.Oneessay.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Brendan,canIspeakwithyouforaminute?M:Yes,MrsSmith.W:Yourrecentessayisonlyonepage.Iaskedeveryonetowriteafouressay.M:Iwasrushingandthat’sallIwasabletowrite.W:Well,it’snotacceptable.I’mgoingtohavetogiveyouanF.M:I’llrewriteit.W:Atthebeginningoftheyear,Isaidthatyouwereonlyabletorewritetwoessaysthisyear.Youdon’thaveanyrewritesleft.M:Canyoumakeanexception?W:I’mafraidIcan’t.Thisisreallygoingtohurtyouroverallgrade.M:I’msorry.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Saveupforthecar.B.Gotoanothercardealer.C.Asksomeonetocheckthecar.11.Howwillthewomanpayforthecar?A.Incash. B.Bybankcard. C.Bycheque.12.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Lendmoneytoher.B.Drivehercarhome.C.Takecareofhercar.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkthecarwesawyesterdaywouldbeagooddeal.Whatdoyouthink?M:Yes,butIthinkyoushouldasksomeonetotakealookatitjusttobesure.W:MyfriendJackknowscars,andhehelpedmedothecheckthismorning.M:Itwassmartofyoutothinkahead.Haveyouandthesalesmanagreedonaprice?W:Yes,hefinallyagreedtoacceptthediscountedpriceIasked.M:Thenhaveyouthoughtabouthowtopay?W:Well,I’vesavedupenoughmoneytopaycashforthiscar.M:Good.Letmegowithyoutomakethepaymentanddrivethecarhomeforyou.W:Thankyou.Thatwouldmakeitmucheasierforme.M:You’rewelcome.Let’sgototakecareofthatrightnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whendidthewomanlastlendthemanhercar?A.Ayearago.B.Fivemonthsago.C.Acoupleofdaysago.14.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Seeamovie. B.Seeaplay. C.Gotothegym.15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Roommates. B.Goodfriends. C.Brotherandsister.16.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?AHewillborrowanothercarnexttime.B.Hewillreturnbeforesixo’clock.C.Hewillfilluphercarwithgas.【答案】13A14.B15.C16.C【解析】【原文】M:CanIborrowyourcar,Mary?W:No!Thelasttimeyouborrowedit,youreturneditwithoutanygas.ItoldyouthenthatIwouldneverletyouborrowitagain.M:Iknow,mydearsister.Butthatwasayearago.I’vegrownupsincethen.know...n’tknow...IneedmycartonightbecauseIamgoingtothetheaterwithmyfriends.There’sanewplayoutthatweareallexcitedtosee.M:That’sallright.Ijustneeditforacoupleofhours.Iwanttogotothegymandworkout.W:Whendidyoubecomeinterestedinexercise?YouarethelaziestpersonIknow!M:Ha-ha!OK,fine.Yougotme.IreallywanttogotomyfriendJoey’shousetoplayvideogames.Please?W:Well,thisisyourlastchance.Ifyou’renotbackbyfive,IwillhavetotakeMom’scartotheplay.Andifthathappens,Iwillnevereverletyoudrivemycaragain.M:Don’tworry.I’llbebackintime.Andyourtankwillbefull!Youhavemyword!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatkindofrestaurantsarethemostinthespeaker’shometown?A.KFCs. B.Chineserestaurants. C.Japaneserestaurants.18.Whydoesthespeakerdislike“allyoucaneat”restaurants?A.Theyareunhealthy.B.Theyaretooexpensive.C.Thereisn’tenoughfoodinthem.19.Whatdomostcustomersof“Allyoucaneat”restaurantslooklike?A.Veryfat. B.Verytall. C.Verythin.20.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Thespeaker’sfavouritediet.B.Restaurantsinthespeaker’shometown.C.FastfoodrestaurantsinAmerica.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:WedohavemanykindsofrestaurantsinAmerica.Inmyhometown,therearemanyKFCs.Sincemyhometownisquitesmall,weonlyhave5or6Japaneserestaurants.Actually,mostofthepeoplewhoworkthereareChineseorKorean,butatleastthestyleisJapanese.Ontheotherhand,thereareprobablymoreChineserestaurantsthanKFCs.WehaveanothertypeofrestaurantthatIusedtolikebutnowhate:“Allyoucaneat”restaurants.Economically,theserestaurantsaregreat,becauseyoupayonlyonepriceandthencantakeasmuchfoodasyouwant,asmanytimesasyouwant.Youcanstaythereforhoursandhours.Nobodywillcomplainorthrowyouout.Althoughtheserestaurantsareagoodwaytosavemoney,theyareverybadforourhealth.Mostofthecustomerswhogotosuchrestaurantslookliketheywillsoongivebirthtoachild.Ormaybeacow!第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKewGardensDiscovertheworldofsciencebehindourcollectionsofover50,000livingplantstobefoundacrosstheUNESCOWorldHeritagesite.Ticketsandprices·AdultPEAK(February1toOctober31)￡15.00OFF-PEAK(November1toJanuary31)￡11.00·Child(4to15)PEAK(February1toOctober31)￡5.00OFF-PEAK(November1toJanuary31)￡4.00·Childunder4FreeOpeningtime10am-4pm(lastentry3pm)*PleasebeawarethatthelastentryintotheGardensisstrictlyonehourbeforeclosing.DirectionsPlanyourjourneytoKewGardenswithoursuggestedroutestooureasy-to-reachgates.☆BybikeWelovetowelcomecycliststoourGardens.Therearebicycleracks(自行車停車架)atallfourgates.AtElizabethGateandVictoriaGate,theracksareinsidethegates.Bikesleftoutsideourgatesareleftatyourownrisk.Wedonotallowbicycles,tricycles,rollerskates,skateboardsandscootersintotheGardens.☆BybusRoute65stopsclosetoLionGate,ElizabethGateandVictoriaGate.Route110stopsnearKewGardensstationandElizabethGate.Routes237and267stopatKewBridgestation.☆BycarParkingattheGardensisextremelylimited,withspacesinourcarparkavailableonafirstcome,firstservedbasis.PleaseplanaheadifyouareconsideringdrivingtotheGardens,aswecannotguaranteeanavailablespaceinourcarpark.☆ByboatThamesRiverBoatsrunaspecialservicefromWestminsterPiertoKewPier.TheeasiestentranceforvisitorscomingfromKewPierisElizabethGate(TW93AE).ElizabethGateisa0.2-milewalkfromKewPieracrossKewGreen.21.Howmuchshoulda14-year-oldpaytovisitKewGardensinMarch?A.￡4.00. B.￡5.00. C.￡11.00. D.￡15.00.22.WhatispossibleforacyclistvisitingKewGardens?A.RidinghisbikeintotheGardens.B.EnteringtheGardensat7pmonMonday.C.FindingbicycleracksinsideElizabethGate.D.Gettingmoneyformissinghisbikeleftoutside.23.WhatshouldyouconsiderifyoudrivetoKewGardens?A.Wheretoparkyourcar.B.WhentoentertheGardens.C.Howtoreceiveaspecialservice.D.HowtogettoKewBridgestation.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了去邱園游覽的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ticketsandprices部分“Child(4to15)PEAK(February1toOctober31)￡5.00(兒童（4至15歲）旺季（2月1日到10月31日）5英鎊)”可知，一個(gè)14歲的孩子三月參觀邱園需要花費(fèi)5英鎊。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bybike部分“Therearebicycleracksatallfourgates.AtElizabethGateandVictoriaGate,theracksareinsidethegates.(四個(gè)門口都有自行車停車架。在伊麗莎白門和維多利亞門，停車架在門內(nèi))”可知，騎自行車游覽邱園時(shí)，可以在伊麗莎白門內(nèi)找到自行車停車架。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bycar部分“ParkingattheGardensisextremelylimited,withspacesinourcarparkavailableonafirstcome,firstservedbasis.PleaseplanaheadifyouareconsideringdrivingtotheGardens,aswecannotguaranteeanavailablespaceinourcarpark.(花園的停車場非常有限，我們的停車場的停車位是先到先得的。如果您考慮開車去花園，請?zhí)崆坝?jì)劃，因?yàn)槲覀儫o法保證停車場有可用的車位)”可知，如果你開車去邱園，需要考慮在哪里停車。故選A項(xiàng)。BAfterrealizingstudentsathiselementaryschoolweregoinghungryathome.PEteacherJasonWatsongotawaveofinspirationandacoolsetofwheels.Jasonandhiswife,schoollibrarianAnne,boughtausedice-creamtruck,andforthepasttwosummers,thecouple,both39,havedeliveredhothomecookedlunchesandicytreatstokidsinneedintheir1,300-persontownofFrazeysburg,Ohio,withthehelpoftheirownkids.Itallstartedbackin2016whenthepairstartedAIMOutreach,anextracurricularpro-gramforkidsthatincludedfreelunches.Whenthetoughtimecamein2020,theirin-personoutreachwaspausedindefinitely.SoonedayJasonaskedalocalicecreamtruckownerifhe’ddrivethefamilyaroundtohandoutfreetreats.Whathegotwassomethingmore.“Hejustfellsoinlovewithourcommunityandwhatweweredoingthatheofferedoneofhisicecreamtruckstous,”Jasonsays.ThecouplepurchasedthetruckinOctober,2020andhavebeenhardatworksince.Thefamilycooksallthemealsthemselvesfromscratch,postingonsocialmediathedatesandtimeswhentheywillbedelivering.Theyserveabout70mealsaweekinthesummertime.Todate,theyestimatethey’veservedabout1,500lunchesfromthetruck.ThecouplelaunchedaGoFundMeinJune,2022whenthetruckneededbothanewtrans-missionandanewengine.Theyraisedmorethan$10.000,They’vebeenblownawaybytheoutpouringofdonations.“Andwe’vebeeninspiredtodomore,”saysAnne.“Ourdreamistopossiblyopenafreecafewhereweinvitepeopletositandhaveahotdinner.Thenwecansitdownandsharelifetogether.That’skindofourvisiongoingahead.”24.WhatmadeJasonWatsonstartthedelivery?A.Acoolsetofwheels.B.Hisstudentsbeingstarvedathome.C.Encouragementfromhiswife.D.Awaveofinspirationfromstrangers.25.Howdidtheicecreamtruckownerrespondtothecouple’srequest?A.Supportive.B.Shocked.C.Puzzled.D.Embarrassed.26.Whatdidthecoupleusethedonatedmoneyfor?A.Employingworkers.B.Bookingfoodmaterial.C.Replacingtruckparts.D.Buyingtheoldtruck.27.Whatisthecouple’swish?A.Toopenafreeshop.B.Todelivermorefood.C.Tohaveanewtruck.D.Toofferfreefoodinacafe.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一對39歲的夫婦在俄亥俄州弗雷澤斯堡鎮(zhèn)，在他們自己孩子的幫助下，為有需要的孩子們送去了熱的家庭午餐和冰食。以及這對夫婦最終的愿望是開一家咖啡館，為人們提供免費(fèi)食物?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Afterrealizingstudentsathiselementaryschoolweregoinghungryathome.”（他意識到自己小學(xué)的學(xué)生在家里挨餓。）以及第二段中“andforthepasttwosummers,thecouple,both39,havedeliveredhothomecookedlunchesandicytreatstokidsinneedintheir1,300-persontownofFrazeysburg,Ohio,withthehelpoftheirownkids.”（過去兩個(gè)夏天，這對39歲的夫婦在俄亥俄州弗雷澤斯堡鎮(zhèn)，在他們自己孩子的幫助下，為有需要的孩子們送去了熱的家庭午餐和冰食。）可知，他的學(xué)生在家里挨餓是讓杰森·沃森決定開始送貨的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Hejustfellsoinlovewithourcommunityandwhatweweredoingthatheofferedoneofhisicecreamtruckstous,”Jasonsays.”（杰森說：“他非常喜歡我們的社區(qū)和我們所做的事情，所以他給我們提供了一輛冰淇淋車?！保┕士赏浦?，冰淇淋車?yán)习鍖τ谶@對夫婦的要求是表示支持的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ThecouplelaunchedaGoFundMeinJune,2022whenthetruckneededbothanewtrans-missionandanewengine.Theyraisedmorethan$10.000,They’vebeenblownawaybytheoutpouringofdonations.”（這對夫婦在2022年6月啟動(dòng)了GoFundMe，當(dāng)時(shí)卡車需要一個(gè)新的變速箱和一個(gè)新的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。他們籌集了一萬多美元。如潮水般涌來的捐款使他們大為震驚。）可知，這對夫婦用捐贈(zèng)的錢來更換卡車部件。故選C項(xiàng)。27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ourdreamistopossiblyopenafreecafewhereweinvitepeopletositandhaveahotdinner.”（我們的夢想是開一家免費(fèi)咖啡館，邀請人們坐下來吃一頓熱晚餐。）可知，這對夫婦的愿望是開一家咖啡館，為人們提供免費(fèi)食物。故選D項(xiàng)。CSoftwareexpertJamesCurranhelpedrewriteAustralia’snewcurriculum(全部課程)forinformationtechnologysubjects.Hesaidthechangestothecurrentcurriculumcouldstopteenagersavoidingcomputingandmathssubjectsinhighschool.“Kidsarenaturallycurious,butwedon’tsetupthecurriculuminawaythatawakenstheircuriositysothattheycanlearnthethingstheywantto,andthethingstheyhaveto,”Curransaid.“Teachingmathsandcomputinginanewwaymakesaverybigdifference.“Asmoreandmorehighschoolstudentsdropoutofadvancedmathssubjects,DrCurranwarnedthatcomputingsubjectswereinanevenmoredifficultpositionthanthem.Only1,748year-12studentsenrolled(登記)insoftwaredesignanddevelopmentinNewSouthWaleslastyear—abouthalfthe3,300whostudiedthesubject10yearsago.Enrolmentsininformationtechnologyhavedeclinedsharply,from10,000in2001tojust1,939studentsin2021.“Studentsarenottakingcomputingsubjectsattheseniorlevelbecausethesubjectisabitoutofdate,”Curransaid.“Computingisasubjectthatchangesallthetimeandneedstobechangedeveryfewyears,soIwouldliketoseeacontinuousprocessofsmallerchangesandupdatestoit.”Asschoolsstruggletomakestudentsstickwiththesubjectsofinformationtechnology,engineeringandmaths,1,000primaryschoolsacrossAustraliahavesignedupforanewpro-gramtogetyoungkidsinterestedinhigh-techjobs.TheprogramusesonlinelessonstoshowchildrenasyoungassixtheprocessofdesigningtheOlympicslogo,andhowNetflixcollectsinformationtodecidewhichmoviestomake.11-year-oldstudentMiaLucashadfuncompletingamodelonUXdesign.Itisthe“userexperience”processthatdesignteamsusetocreateproducts.“I’vealwaysbeeninterestedincreatingawebsiteoranappbutdidn’tknowthefirststepindoingthat,“shesaid.“Thepro-gramhelpsmealot.”28.WhatisthenewcurriculumsupposedtobeaccordingtoCurran?A.Typical. B.Controversial. C.Appealing. D.Challenging.29.WhatcanweknowaboutcomputingsubjectsinAustralianschools?A.Theyarelesspopularwithtoday’steenagers.B.Theyarevaluednegativelybymanyschools.C.Theyareharderthanadvancedmathssubjects.D.Theyarekeepingacontinuousrateofupdating.30.Howdoesthenewprogramencouragethestudentstotakecomputingsubjects?A.Byofferinghigh-techjobstothem.B.Byturninglessonsintovirtualones.C.Bylettingthemchoosesubjectsfreely.D.Byshowingapplicationsofthesubjects.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AustralianstudentsaredesertingthecomputingsubjectsB.AnewcurriculumfailstoworkwithAustralianstudentsC.HowdidanAustralianstudentfallinlovewithcomputing?D.WhydidAustralianschoolsstickwithcomputingsubjects?【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞的信息技術(shù)課程無法跟上信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，在青少年中越來越不受歡迎。一些學(xué)校正在努力改變這種狀況?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SoftwareexpertJamesCurranhelpedrewriteAustralia’snewcurriculum(全部課程)forinformationtechnologysubjects.Hesaidthechangestothecurrentcurriculumcouldstopteenagersavoidingcomputingandmathssubjectsinhighschool.(軟件專家JamesCurran幫助重寫了澳大利亞信息技術(shù)學(xué)科的新課程。他說，對現(xiàn)行課程的改革可以阻止青少年在高中回避計(jì)算機(jī)和數(shù)學(xué)科目。)”可知，Curran希望新的信息技術(shù)課程能夠吸引學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Enrolmentsininformationtechnologyhavedeclinedsharply,from10,000in2001tojust1,939studentsin2021.(信息技術(shù)專業(yè)的入學(xué)人數(shù)急劇下降，從2001年的1萬人下降到2021年的1939人。)”可知，選擇學(xué)習(xí)信息技術(shù)的中學(xué)生人數(shù)在下降，即在澳大利亞，如今信息技術(shù)在青少年中并不那么受歡迎了。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheprogramusesonlinelessonstoshowchildrenasyoungassixtheprocessofdesigningtheOlympicslogo,andhowNetflixcollectsinformationtodecidewhichmoviestomake.(該項(xiàng)目通過在線課程向6歲大的兒童展示設(shè)計(jì)奧運(yùn)會標(biāo)志的過程，以及網(wǎng)飛公司如何收集信息來決定拍攝哪部電影。)”可知，這個(gè)新項(xiàng)目通過線上課程向?qū)W生展示了一些高科技工作的過程。由此可推知，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目通過展示計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)科的實(shí)際應(yīng)用來鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)科。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了澳大利亞的信息技術(shù)課程無法跟上信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，在青少年中越來越不受歡迎，所以A選項(xiàng)“澳大利亞學(xué)生正在放棄計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)科”能概括全文內(nèi)容，適合用作文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DDogsarecapableofunderstandingtheemotionsbehindanexpressiononahumanface.Thestudyisthelatesttorevealjusthowconnecteddogsarewithpeople.Theresearchalsoprovidesevidencethatdogsusedifferentpartsoftheirbrainstoprocesshumanemotions.Bylivinginclosecontactwithhumans,dogshavedevelopedspecificskillsthatenablethemtointeractandcommunicateefficientlywithpeople.Recentstudieshaveshownthatthedogs’braincanpickuponemotionalcluescontainedinaperson’svoice,bodysmellandposture,andreadtheirfaces.Inthisstudy,theauthorswatchedwhathappenedwhentheypresentedphotographsofthesametwoadults’faces(amanandawoman)to26feedingdogs.Theimageswereplacedstrategicallytothesidesoftheanimals’lineofsightandthephotosshowedahumanfaceex-pressingoneofthesixbasichumanemotions:anger,fear,happiness,sadness,surprise,dis-gustorbeingneutral.Thedogsshowedgreaterresponseandcardiac(心臟的)activitywhenshownphoto-graphsthatexpressedarousingemotionalstatessuchasanger,fearandhappiness.Theyalsotooklongertoresumefeedingafterseeingtheseimages.Thedogs’increasedheartrateindicatedthatinthesecasestheyexperiencedhigherlevelsofstress.Inaddition,dogstendedtoturntheirheadstotheleftwhentheysawhumanfacesex-pressinganger,fearorhappiness.Thereversehappenedwhenthefaceslookedsurprised,possiblybecausedogsviewitasanon-threatening,relaxedexpression.“Clearlyarousing,negativeemotionsseemtobeprocessedbytherightsideofadog’sbrain,andmorepositiveemotionsbytheleftside,”saysSiniscalchi.Theresultssupportthatofotherstudiesdoneondogsandothermammals.Theseshowthattherightsideofthebrainplaysamoreimportantpartinregulatingthesympatheticout-flowtotheheart.Thisisafundamentalorganforthecontrolofthe“fightorflight”Behavioralresponsenecessaryforsurvival.32.Whatdoesthenewresearchshow?A.People’semotionsareexactlyrevealedindogs’brains.B.Dog’sbrainsarehighlyaffectedbypeople’semotions.C.Dogsownthenaturalabilitytounderstandpeople’semotions.D.Dogstreathumanemotionswithdifferentsidesoftheirbrains.33.Howdodogsformtheskillstointeractwithpeople?A.Byfollowingcertainorders.B.Bybeingtreatedbytheirowners.C.Bybeingcloselyconnectedwithpeople.D.Byrecognizingdifferentfacesonpictures.34.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“reverse”inparagraph4?A.opposite B.nervous C.rewarding D.similar35.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DogsarelivinginclosecontactwithpeopleB.Dogsunderstandwhat’swrittenalloveryourfaceC.Dogs’heartrateincreaseswhenexperiencingstressD.Negativeemotionsaffectdogs’returningtofeeding【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，這項(xiàng)最新研究揭示了狗和人之間的聯(lián)系。同時(shí)該研究還證明了狗狗使用大腦的不同部位來處理人類的情緒，并且狗狗的大腦可以從一個(gè)人的聲音、體味和姿勢中捕捉到情感線索，并解讀他們的面部表情?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thestudyisthelatesttorevealjusthowconnecteddogsarewithpeople.Theresearchalsoprovidesevidencethatdogsusedifferentpartsoftheirbrainstoprocesshumanemotions.(這項(xiàng)最新研究揭示了狗和人之間的聯(lián)系。這項(xiàng)研究還提供了證據(jù)，證明狗狗使用大腦的不同部位來處理人類的情緒。)”可知，狗用不同的大腦部位來處理人類的情緒。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Bylivinginclosecontactwithhumans,dogshavedevelopedspecificskillsthatenablethemtointeractandcommunicateefficientlywithpeople.(通過與人類的密切接觸，狗已經(jīng)發(fā)展出特定的技能，使它們能夠有效地與人類互動(dòng)和溝通。)”可知，狗狗通過與人的密切聯(lián)系，形成了與人互動(dòng)的技能。故選C?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Inaddition,dogstendedtoturntheirheadstotheleftwhentheysawhumanfacesex-pressinganger,fearorhappiness.(此外，當(dāng)狗看到人類的臉表達(dá)憤怒、恐懼或快樂時(shí)，它們傾向于把頭轉(zhuǎn)向左邊。)”以及劃線詞后面的句子“whenthefaceslookedsurprised,possiblybecausedogsviewitasanon-threatening,relaxedexpression.(當(dāng)人們的臉看起來很驚訝時(shí)，可能是因?yàn)楣饭氛J(rèn)為這是一種沒有威脅的、放松的表情。)”可知，前后兩句話狗狗的表情形成了鮮明的對比，前句強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)狗看到人類的臉表達(dá)憤怒、恐懼或快樂時(shí)，它們傾向于把頭轉(zhuǎn)向左邊，后句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是狗狗臉上是放松的表情，故由此猜測劃線詞與A選項(xiàng)opposite為同義詞，意為“相反的”。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Recentstudieshaveshownthatthedogs’braincanpickuponemotionalcluescontainedinaperson’svoice,bodysmellandposture,andreadtheirfaces.(最近的研究表明，狗狗的大腦可以從一個(gè)人的聲音、體味和姿勢中捕捉到情感線索，并解讀他們的面部表情。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，這項(xiàng)最新研究揭示了狗和人之間的聯(lián)系。同時(shí)該研究還證明了狗狗的大腦可以從一個(gè)人的聲音、體味和姿勢中捕捉到情感線索，并解讀他們的面部表情。故B選項(xiàng)“Dogsunderstandwhat’swrittenalloveryourface(狗狗能理解你臉上寫的東西)”適合文章的標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。world.____asoneortheothertalent.It’suptoyoutoidentifyandadmirethetalentofthepeoplearoundyou.Bringingoutthebestinotherscangraduallychangetheworld.____36____Withpatience,youcangraduallyfindtheadmirablecharacteristicsofpeoplearoundyou.Thenatureofgivingisagoodwaytofindoutthegoodqualitiesinothers.Beingkinddoesn’tjustmeanhelpinganyonefinancially.Youcanassistthemwithyouradvice,talentandsoon.____37____Duringthisprocess,youwillknowhowtheydealwiththeirproblemsinlifeyetdon’tgiveup.Talentadoptsseveralformsanditputspeopleinafewextraordinarycircumstances.Thus,youneedtobeflexibletodiscovergoodqualitiesinothers.Somepeopleyoucomeacrossmayhavedifferentattitudestowardslifefromyou.____38____you.____sperfectandeveryonehassomeorothershortcomings.However,shortcomingsareusefultoyou.____39____Startbyfirstrealizingtheshortcomingsinothersandinthisprocess,youcaneasilyfindoutthegoodqualitiestheyalreadyhave.____40____Oneofthefinestwaystodiscovergoodcharacteristicsinothersistoaskthemsomethingabouttheirsuccessandfailure.Themoreyoudevelopcuriosity,themoreyouwillknowaboutaperson.A.Tospottalentinothers,youneedtobeinthepresent.B.Developaninterestinotherstoexplorethegoodinthem.C.Forthat,youneedtolearntoexploregoodqualitiesinothers.D.Afterdiscoveringthegoodinothers,youbringoutthebestinyourself.E.Knowingtheweaknessesinothersisagreatwaytofindthegoodinthem.F.Whenyouhelpaperson,youwillknowwhatdifficultythepersonisfacing.G.Yourbiggestchallengeistoputasideyourownmindandseethelightinthem.【答案】36.C37.F38.G39.E40.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何識別和欣賞周圍人的才華。【36題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Bringingoutthebestinotherscangraduallychangetheworld.(發(fā)揮他人的長處可以逐漸改變世界)”可知，空處為前句的結(jié)果，表明發(fā)揮別人長處可以改變世界，因此，我們需要去找到別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和長處。C項(xiàng)“為此，你需要學(xué)會發(fā)掘他人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)?！狈险Z境。故選C。【37題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Duringthisprocess,youwillknowhowtheydealwiththeirproblemsinlifeyetdon’tgiveup.(在這個(gè)過程中，你會知道他們?nèi)绾翁幚砩钪械膯栴}，但不要放棄)”可知，本段主要講述我們?nèi)绾文軌蛄私獾絼e人處理生活中的問題這一長處。F項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你幫助一個(gè)人時(shí)，你會知道這個(gè)人面臨的困難。”符合語境。thisprocess指代前文中“Whenyouhelpaperson”，表明在幫助人的過程中會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們面臨的困難，然后了解到他們?nèi)绾稳ヌ幚磉@些困難。故選F。【38題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thus,youneedtobeflexibletodiscovergoodqualitiesinothers.Somepeopleyoucomeacrossmayhavedifferentattitudestowardslifefromyou.(因此，你需要靈活地發(fā)現(xiàn)別人身上的好品質(zhì)。你遇到的一些人對生活的態(tài)度可能與你不同)”和常識可知，空處總結(jié)前面的內(nèi)容，當(dāng)別人和你的生活態(tài)度不一樣時(shí)，我們有時(shí)會自我中心，這是不好的，我們需要拋開狹隘的想法，去發(fā)現(xiàn)別人的閃光點(diǎn)。G項(xiàng)“你最大的挑戰(zhàn)是拋開自己的思想，從中看到亮點(diǎn)。”符合語境。G項(xiàng)中的them指代前文中“differentattitudestowardslife”。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Nobodyisperfectandeveryonehassomeorothershortcomings.However,shortcomingsareusefultoyou.(沒有人是完美的，每個(gè)人都有一些或其他缺點(diǎn)。然而，缺點(diǎn)對你有用)”可知，空處解釋別人的缺點(diǎn)如何對我們有幫助。E項(xiàng)“了解別人的弱點(diǎn)是發(fā)現(xiàn)他們優(yōu)點(diǎn)的好方法。”符合語境。E項(xiàng)中的theweaknesses和前文中的shortcomings相呼應(yīng)。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Oneofthefinestwaystodiscovergoodcharacteristicsinothersistoaskthemsomethingabouttheirsuccessandfailure.Themoreyoudevelopcuriosity,themoreyouwillknowaboutaperson.(發(fā)現(xiàn)他人良好特質(zhì)的最好方法之一是詢問他們的成功與失敗。你的好奇心越強(qiáng)，你對一個(gè)人的了解就越多)”可知，本段主要講述發(fā)現(xiàn)別人優(yōu)點(diǎn)的方法是對他們的成功和失敗產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的好奇心。B項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng)對他人的興趣，發(fā)掘他人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)?！狈献鞅径蔚闹髦季洹項(xiàng)中的aninterest和下文中的curiosity相呼應(yīng)。故選B。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ImovedtoNorfolkaboutsixyearsagoafterservinginthearmyfor10years.The_____41_____wasn’teasy.Thenightswerethe_____42_____.MybodyknewIwas_____43_____,butmymindhadotherideas.Everyevening,Iwouldgotobedknowingthatinjustafewhours’time,Iwouldbe_____44_____tostayawakebyanightmare.Thisbecamemynightly____45____,andinthedaytimeIstilltriedtostayawake,_____46_____mistakesatworkcausedbyaconstantstateofexhaustion.DoctorsgavememedicinetomanagePTSD(創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙),butmysituationsgotseverer.Atthispoint,Iknewtherehadtobeadifferent____47____.MyresearchledmetoK9sForWarriors,anon-profitorganizationthat_____48_____servicedogswithpeoplelikemelivingwith_____49_____trauma(精神創(chuàng)傷).Irememberedfeeling______50______toattendtheirtrainingprogram,butmycaseofnervesmeltedawaywhenIsawLenny,a______51______chosentoassistwithmy______52______.WhenImethim,Ihadasenseof______53______thatIhadn’tfeltsincemyservice.Ieasedalotoftensioninmydailylife______54______.Lennyrescuedme.WhenIwokeupfromanightmareatnight,Lennywasrightbymysidetooffer_____55_____.Somethingassimpleasgoingtothegrocerystoreusedto_____56_____me.Iwouldoftenwanttoleavethestorewithoutfinishing______57______.ItwasLennythatmademegetoverpublicpanicattacks.Lennyhastruly______58______myrecovery.Withhim,Ihavemylifeback.I’mso______59______thatmorepeoplecanseetheenormousvaluethatservicedogscanhaveforanyonesufferingfromPTSD,bec