高中賓語(yǔ)從句詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)

盛興中英文學(xué)校班級(jí)盛興中英文學(xué)校班級(jí)姓名日期賓語(yǔ)從句一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)習(xí)并掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的定義和應(yīng)用二、重難點(diǎn)：賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇在復(fù)合句中用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。它是眾多從句中的一員，在復(fù)合句中作主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。在及物動(dòng)詞的后面可以接一個(gè)名詞來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，如：Iknowtheman.而這時(shí)也可以用一個(gè)句子來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，如：Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman.主句引導(dǎo)詞從句賓語(yǔ)從句三大塊:1.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇；2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序；3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)。I?賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞1?陳述句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，that無(wú)詞義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。如：MyteachersaidIwasagoodboy.老師說(shuō)我是個(gè)好男孩。Shedoesn'tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句：1.1know…Shesays…Tellyourfriend…(that)Thisisabook.Youlikesinging.2?當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。如：C(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idon'tknowIdon'tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent..(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?衿Doyouknowf/whetherKategetsupearly?用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句：1.Doyouknow...2.1wanttoknow…Theteacherasks…if/whether

1.Ishereading?Doyougetupatsix?DoesTomworkhard?※注意：只能用whether不用if的三種情況一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether①與ornot連用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.?②在介詞之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelingsItdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings?③在不定式之前：Wehaven'tdecidedwhethertogothere.Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.Wehaven'tdecidedwhethertogothere.Idon'tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，只需用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。如：Cl.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?C2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?用以下開(kāi)頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句:l.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?II?賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序必須是陳述語(yǔ)序句式連詞語(yǔ)序例句陳述句That不變Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑問(wèn)句if/whether改為陳述語(yǔ)序Ican'trememberifIpostedtheletter.特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)詞改為陳述語(yǔ)序HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteacher.注意事項(xiàng):(一)當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：What'swrong?What'sthematter?What'shappening?eg:Idon'tknowwhat'sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?血賓語(yǔ)從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)要相互呼應(yīng)如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來(lái)確定，可以是時(shí)態(tài)。Idon'tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe'llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí))。例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.特殊情況：從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時(shí)，任用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍然用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.［即學(xué)即練］子連接成為含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.HesaidtheseflowersfromGuangdong.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldmelightfasterthansound.單項(xiàng)選擇1)Ihopeitwillsnowthiswinter.A.whenB.ifC.whetherD./

答案：Dhope后面應(yīng)該接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，that在句中沒(méi)有任何意義，可以省略。—Idon'tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where答案：A從下文的答語(yǔ)看，上文不知道的應(yīng)該是“來(lái)看我們的原因”。Ican'trememberIhaveseenhimbefore.A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.how答案：A本句表達(dá)一種不確定的概念，用whether或if。4)—Doyouknow？I'mgo