2018高考英語全國卷試題答案官方版doc

2018高考英語全國卷試題及答案官方版絕密★啟封前注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考據號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準考據號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定地點。用2B鉛筆將答題卡上試卷種類A后的方框涂黑。2.選擇題的作答：每題選出答案后，用

2B

鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，寫在試題卷、底稿紙和答題卡上的非答題地區(qū)均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用署名筆挺接答在答題卡上對應的答題地區(qū)內。寫在試題卷、底稿紙和答題卡上的非答題地區(qū)均無效。4.考試結束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，現將答案標在試卷上，錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下邊5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題。從題中所給的A,B,C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應地點。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間往返答相關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Havingabirthdayparty.B.Doingsomeexercise.C.GettingLydiaagift2.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Helptheman.B.Takeabus.C.Getacamera3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.TellKatetostop.B.CallKate,sfriends.C.StayawayfromKate.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inawineshop.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Keepthewindowclosed.B.Gooutforfreshair.C.Turnonthefan.聽第6段資料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothissummer?A.Teachacourse.B.Repairhishouse.C.Workatahotel.7.Howwillthemanusethemoney?A.Tohireagardener.B.Tobuybooks.C.Topayforaboattrip.聽第7段資料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Schoolmates.Colleagues.Roommates.9.WhatdoesFrankplantodorightaftergraduation?A.Workasaprogrammer.B.Travelaroundtheworld.C.Starthisownbusiness.第二節(jié)（共

15小題；每題

1.5分，滿分

22.5分）聽下邊5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應地點。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第8段資料，回答第10至12題10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Tobookahotelroom.11.Whenwillthewomenarriveatthehotel?A.OnSeptember1512.Howmuchwillthewomanpayherroompernight?A.$179B.$199C.$219聽第9段資料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman’splanforSaturday?A.GoingshoppingB.GoingcampingC.Goingboating14.WherewilltnewomanstayinKeswick?A.InacountryinnB.Inafive-starhotelC.Inheraunt’shome15.WhatwillGordondoovertheweekend?A.Visithisfriends16.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofGordon’scomingweekend?A.RelaxedB.BoringC.Busy.聽第10段資料，回答第17至20題17.WhoisWangMing?A.AstudentB.AnemployerC.Anengineer18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthecollegejobmarketthisyear?A.It’sunpredictableB.It’squitestableC.It’snotoptimistic19.Wharpercentageofstudentjobseekershavefoundajobbynow?A．20％B.22％C.50％20.Whyareengineeringgraduatesmorelikelytoacceptajob?A.TheyneedmoreworkexperienceB.ThesalaryisusuallygoodC.Theirchoiceislimited.第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每題2分，滿分30分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最正確選項，并在答題卡大將該項涂黑。AYouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addanshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社區(qū))bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneedIn1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointhe’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RasaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoapassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetlfftheMontgmerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredlrgivingin,”saidParks.21.WhatisjaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D.Hercommunitybackground.WhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.23.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.C.SandraDayO’Connor.24.Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B.Theyaretrulycreative.C.Theyarepioneers.D.Theyarepeace-lovers.【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C23.D細節(jié)理解題。依據末段倒數第二句中andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement可知，RosaParks對民權運動做出了貢獻。應選D。24.C推理判斷題。依據文章對這幾個人物的介紹可知，這些女性都是在各自的領域為社會做出貢獻的前驅。應選C。考點：人物類短文閱讀BGrandparentsAnsweraCallAsathirdgenerationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverpleasedmoveaway,.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelptheirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMsGaffinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemovetoasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.’smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandintotheWhiteHousepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson‘sdecisionwillinfluencethegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily.“inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn’tgetawayfromhomefarenoughfsstenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown,”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofgratemanazineforgrandparents.Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportant””tobenearthem,especiallywhenyou’rerainingchildren.”Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.WhywasGarza’smoveasuccess?A．Itstrengthenedherfamilyties.B．Itimprovedherlivingconditions.C．Itenabledhermakemorefriends.D．Ithelpedherknowmorenewplaces.’sdecision?A．17%expressedtheirsupportforit.B．Fewpeoplerespondedsympathetically.C．83%believedithadabadinfluence.D．Themajoritythoughtitwasatrend.WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?A．Theywereunsureofraisemorechildren.B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.D．Theybadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparent.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelasrparagraph?Makedecisionsinthebestinterests'oftheirownAsktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothemSacrificefortheirstrugglingchildrenGettoknowthemselvesbetter【答案】A26.D27.C28.A26.D細節(jié)理解題。依據第二段末句TwothirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama’sfamily可知，好多人會受MarianRobinson的影響，因此這回形成一種潮流。應選D。27.C細節(jié)理解題。依據第三段首句可知，在60年月人們都希望走開家，以此來證明自己的獨立。應選C。28.A推理判斷題。依據末段推知，作者建議人們要理智不要為了孩子而做出犧牲。應選

A。考點：社會生活類短文閱讀CIampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干細胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐贈者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:”Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:”Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplancetobeheldforme.re-routed(改道)methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatpotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword

boxyou’regotsomethingthatis“courier”inParagraph17AproviderBdeliverymanCcollectorDmedicaldoctor30.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.31.WhichflightdidthewomanputPeteronfirst?C.ToProvidenceD.ToWashington【答案】29.B30.D31.B【分析】試題剖析：本文是一篇記述文，主要介紹了作者在一次運送造血干細胞途中的一段經歷，表現了人們之間的友善。29.B詞義猜想題。依據本段內容I’vedone89trips和Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittlebox

以及第二段內容可知作者是運送干細胞的人，也就是

deliveryman。應選B?？键c：故事類短文閱讀DThemeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap(間隙)withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson'sneeds.ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied(示意)isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicudnerdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse,personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.Nursesandothercare-geiversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexpericencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatient’ssilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing(治愈)valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.32.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?A.Itimpliesanger.B.Itpromotesfriendship.C.Itisculture-specific.D.Itiscontent-based.33.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthought?A.TheChinese.B.TheFrench.C.TheMexicans.D.TheRussians.34.Whatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilence?A.Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.B.Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.C.Evaluateitsharmtopatients.D.Makeuseofitshealingeffects.35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.SoundandSilenceB.WhatItMeanstoBeSilentC.SilencetoNativeAmericansD.SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B33.A細節(jié)理解題。依據第二段中whatmaybeimpliedisthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing可知中國人以為講話時人們緘默是在思慮?？键c：社會生活類短文閱讀第二節(jié)（共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分）依據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項，

選項中有兩項為剩余選項。Secretcodes(密碼)keepmessagesprivate。Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags(落伍)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,Forexample,Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“13520135.”Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.39Forexample,”bridge“mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”40However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.【答案】36.D37.E38.G39.F40.A38.G依據后邊的解說內容能夠判斷這是介紹密碼設置的又一種方法，故判斷G選項切合語境。39.F依據后邊的舉例以及前句中的acodebook能夠判斷該句是介紹密碼書的使用，故判斷F選項能夠起到承前啟后的作用。40.A依據空后內容的轉折可知只管利用密碼書能夠破譯密碼，可是一本密碼書也不會使用好久的時間，故判斷A選項切合語境。考點：七選五閱讀理解第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下邊短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出能夠填入空白處的最正確選項，并在答題卡大將該項涂黑。AHeroicDriveralong165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.43hegotcloser,hefound44vehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed45shootingoutfromunderthe46vehicle.Larrypulledover,setthebrakeand47thefireextinguisher(滅火器).Twogoodburstsfromtheextinguisherandthefirewasputout.Themanwhohadhisbrightlightson48andtoldLarryhehad49anemergencycall.They50heardawoman’svoicecomingfromthewrecked(破壞的)vehicle.51thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.Theytoldhertostay52untiltheemergencypersonnelarrived,53shethoughtthecarwasgoingto54.Larrytoldherthathehadalreadyputoutthefireandsheshouldnotmove55sheinjuredherneck.Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrive,Larryandtheotherman56andletthemgotowork.Then,Larryaskedthe57ifhewasneededor58togo.Theylethimandtheothermango.Onethingis59—Larrywentaboveandbeyondthecallofdutybygettingsoclosetotheburningvehicle!His60mostlikelysavedthewoman’slife.B.touringC．travelingD．rushing42.43.A.SinceB.AlthoughC.AsD.If44.A.eachD.his45.A.flamesD.steam46.A.usedB.disabledC.removedD.abandoned47.A.gotholdofD.controlled48.A.camedownB.camethroughC.cameinD.cameover49.A.returnedB.receivedC.madeD.confirmed50.A.thenB.againC.finallyD.even51.A.StartingD.Approaching52.A.quietD.calm53.A.forB.soC.andD.but54.A.explodeB.slipaway55.A.asifB.unlessC.incaseD.after56.A.steppedforwardB.backedoffC.movedonD.setout57.A.womanB.policeC.manD.driver58.A.forbiddenB.readyC.askedD.free59.A.forcertainB.forconsiderationC.reportedD.checked60.A.patienceB.skillsC.effortsD.promise【答案】41.C42.D43.C44.B45.A46.B47.A48.D49.C50.A51.D52.B53.D54.A55.C56.B57.B58.D59.A60.C43.C考察連詞辨析及語境理解。依據語境判斷當他走近的時候，他又發(fā)現了另一輛汽車。as“當時候”44.B考察代詞辨析及語境理解。依據前句

Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson,

可知當時有一輛開著亮燈的車，由此判斷他又發(fā)現一輛損毀的汽車。45.A考察名詞辨析及語境理解。依據第一段末句thefirewasputout可知當時汽車是著火了。Flame火苗；smoke煙；water水；steam蒸汽。應選A。46.B考察形容詞詞辨析及語境理解。依據第二段中awomen’svoicecomingfromthewreckedvehicle，可知汽車是破壞了的，used使用；disabled殘廢的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遺棄的。應選B。47.A考察動詞辨析及語境理解。依據后句可知他下車滅火。Getholdof拿起；prepare準備；takechargeof負責；control控制。應選A50.A考察副詞辨析及語境理解。依據語境判斷他們聽到車內有人發(fā)出的聲音。Then那時；again再次；finally終于；even甚至。應選A。51.D考察動詞辨析及語境理解。依據上文可知汽車著火了，狀況很危險，由此推測Larry離汽車遠，由此判斷走近了才看到車內的那位女士。52.B考察形容詞辨析及語境理解。依據本段末句sheshouldnotmove可知，Larry讓這名女士不要動。Quiet寂靜的；still不動的；away遠離的；calm沉穩(wěn)的；應選B。53.D考察連詞辨析及語境理解。依據后句能夠推測這位受困的女士想從汽車里出來，而Larry不讓她動，怕她傷到脖子，這兩句話之間是轉折關系。54.A考察動詞辨析及語境理解。依據后句內容判斷這位婦女懼怕汽車會爆炸。Explore爆炸；slipaway溜走；fallapart崩潰；crash墜毀，摔碎；應選A。學.科.網55.C考察短語和介詞辨析及語境理解。Stepforward走上前往；backoff退后；moveon持續(xù)；setout出發(fā)，依據上文可知Larry懼怕她脖子會受傷，前后句之間是假定關系。56.B考察動詞短語辨析及語境理解。依據后句內容能夠推測他們?yōu)榱瞬蛔璧K警察救人，都退到后邊。57.B考察名詞辨析及語境理解。的警察趕到現場。應選B。

依據上文

Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived

可知是營救58.D考察形容詞辨析及語境理解。依據后句可知警察讓他走開了，由此判斷

Larry

咨詢警察他能否離開。59.A考察短語辨析及語境理解。forconsideration以供參照；report報導；check核實；60.C考察名詞辨析及語境理解。Patience耐心；skill技術；effort努力；promise許諾；故選C。依據從上文可知Larry努力拯救了他人的性命?？键c：故事類短文閱讀第II卷第三部分英語知識運用第二節(jié)（共10小題；每題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下邊資料，在空白處填入適合的內容（1個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia’sbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop____61_(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch,I_____62_（arrow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe__63___(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback____64__mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,____65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter__66___(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude____67_(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmurecentvisit,Ihelpalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_____68_(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew__69__(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,__70____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.【答案】attractionwasall