真題里面上半部分是下答案解析2008考研路上的幸福哥

年招生考試英語（一）試

SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Theideathatsomegroupsofpeoplemaybemorein ligentthanothersisoneofthosehypothesesthatdarenotspeakitsname.ButGregoryCochranis1tosayitanyway.Heisthat2bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently3anyinstitution.Hehelpedpopularizetheideathatsomediseasesnot4thoughttohaveabacterialcausewereactuallyinfections,whicharousedmuchcontroversywhenitwasfirstsuggested.5he,however,mighttrembleatthe6ofwhatheisabouttodo.Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly7thatonegroupofhumanityismorein ligentthantheothers,butexinstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.Thegroupin8areaparticularpeopleoriginatedfromcentralEurope.Theprocessisnaturalselection.ThisgroupgenerallydowellinIQtest,912-15pointsabovethe10valueof100,andhavecontributed11tothe lectualandculturallifeoftheWest,asthe12oftheirelites,includingseveralworld-renownedscientists,13.Theyalsosuffermoreoftenthanmostpeoplefromanumberofnastygeneticdiseases,suchasbreastcancer.Thesefacts,14,havepreviouslybeenthoughtunrelated.Theformerhasbeen15tosocialeffects,suchasastrongtraditionof16education.Thelatterwasseenasa(an)17ofgeneticisolation.Dr.Cochransuggeststhattheinligenceanddiseasesareintimay18.Hisargumentisthattheunusualhistoryofthesepeoplehas19themtouniqueevolutionarypressuresthathaveresultedinthis20stateofaffairs.1.[A]1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]la5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A][B][C][D]8.[A][B][C][D]9.[A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A]unconsciously[B]disproportionay[C]indefiniy[D]12.[A]

13.[A]affirm [B]witness [C]observe [D]approve14.[A]moreover [B]therefore [C]however 15.[A]givenup [B]gotover [C]carriedon [D]putdown16.[A]assessing [B]supervising [C]administering [D]valuing17.[A]development [B]origin [C]consequence [D]instrument18.[A]linked [B]integrated [C]woven [D]combined19.[A]limited [B]subjected [C]converted [D]directed20.[A]paradoxical [B] [C]inevitable SectionIIReadingPartReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Whilestillcatchinguptomeninsomespheresofmodernlife,womenappeartobewayaheadinatleastoneundesirablecategory.“Womenareparticularlysusceptibletodevelodepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostresscomparedtomen,”accordingtoDr.Yehuda,chiefpsychiatristatNewYork’sVe AdministrationHospital.Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthat hormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,causingfemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.Inseveralofthestudies,whenstressed-outfemaleratshadtheirovaries(thefemalereproductiveorgans)removed,theirchemicalresponsesbecameequaltothoseofthemales.Addingtoawoman’sincreaseddoseofstresschemicals,areherincreased“opportunities”forstress.“It’snotnecessarilythatwomendon’tcopeaswell.It’sjustthattheyhavesomuchmoretocopewith,”saysDr.Yehuda.“Theircapacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s,”sheobserves,“it’sjustthatthey’redealingwithsomanymorethingsthatthey ewornoutfromitmorevisiblyandsooner.”Dr.Yehudanotesanotherdifferencebetweenthees.“Ithinkthatthekindsofthingsthatwomenareexposedtotendtobeinmoreofachronicorrepeatednature.Mengotowarandareexposedtocombatstress.Menareexposedtomoreactsofrandomphysical .Thekindsofinteral thatwomenareexposedtotendtobeindomesticsituations,by,unfortuna y,parentsorotherfamilymembers,andtheytendnottobeone-shotdeals.Thewear-and-tearthatcomesfromtheselongerrelationshipscanbequitedevastating.”anddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,anddobetter.”Later,hermarriageendedandshebecameasinglemother.“It’sthehardestthingtotakecareofateenager,haveajob,paytherent,paythecarpayment,andpaythedebt.IlivedfrompaychecktoNoteveryoneexperiencesthekindsofseverechronicstressesAlvarezdescribes.Butmostwomentodayare withalotofobligations,withfewbreaks,andfeelingthestrain.Alvarez’sexperiencedemonstratestheimportanceoffindingwaystodiffusestressbeforeitthreatensyourhealthandyourabilitytofunction.21.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoWomenarebiologicallymorevulnerabletoWomenarestillsufferingmuchstresscausedbyWomenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincowithMenandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithDr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomenneedextradosesofchemicalstohandlehavelimitedcapacityfortoleratingaremorecapableofavoidingareexposedtomoreAccordingtoParagraph4,thestresswomenconfronttendstobedomesticandirregularanddurableandtrivialandThesentence“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck.”(Line5,Para.5)showsthatAlvarezcaredaboutnothingbutmakingAlvarez’ssalarybarelycoveredherhouseholdAlvarezgotpaychecksfromdifferentAlvarezpaidpracticallyeverythingbyWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlefortheStrainofStress:NoWayResponsetoStress:GenderStressysis:WhatChemicalsGenderInequality:WomenUnderItusedtobesostraightforward.Ateamofresearchersworkingtogetherinthelaboratorywouldsubmittheresultsoftheirresearchtoajournal.Ajournaleditorwouldthenremovetheauthor’snamesandaffiliationsfromthepaperandsendittotheirpeersforreview.Dependingonthecommentsreceived,theeditorwouldacceptthepaperforpublicationordeclineit.Copyrightrestedwiththejournalpublisher,andresearchersseekingknowledgeoftheresultswouldhavetosubscribetothejournal.Nolonger.TheInternet—andpressurefromfundingagencies,whoarequestioningwhycommercialaremakingmoneyfrom ernment–fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoitaremakingmoneyfrom ernment–fundedresearchbyrestrictingaccesstoit—ismakingaccesstoscientificresultsareality.TheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)hasjustissuedareportdescribingthefar-reachingconsequencesofthis.Thereport,byJohnHoughtonofVictoriaUniversityinAustraliaandGrahamVickeryoftheOECD,makesheavyreadingforpublisherswhohave,sofar,madehandsomeprofits.Butitgoesfurtherthanthat.Itsignalsachangeinwhathas,untilnow,beenakeyelementofscientificendeavor.Thevalueofknowledgeandthereturnonthepublicinvestmentinresearchdepends,inpart,uponwidedistributionandreadyaccess.Itisbigbusiness.InAmerica,thecorescientificpublishingmarketisestimatedatbetween$7billionand$11billion.TheInternationalAssociationofScientific,TechnicalandMedicalPublisherssaysthattherearemorethan2,000publishersworldwidespecializinginthesesubjects.Theypublishmorethan1.2millionarticleseachyearinsome16,000Thisisnowchanging.AccordingtotheOECDreport,some75%ofscholarlyjournalsarenowonline.Entirelynewbusinessmodelsareemerging;threemainoneswereidentifiedbythereport’sauthors.Thereistheso-calledbigdeal,whereinstitutionalsubscriberspayforaccesstoacollectionofonlinejournaltitlesthroughsite-licensingagreements.Thereisopen-accesspublishing,typicallysupportedbyaskingtheauthor(orhisemployer)topayforthepapertobepublished.Finally,thereareopen-accessarchives,whereorganizationssuchasuniversitiesorinternationallaboratoriessupportinstitutionalrepositories.Othermodelsexistthatarehybridsofthesethree,suchasdelayedopen-access,wherejournalsallowonlysubscriberstoreadapaperforthefirstsixmonths,beforemakingit lyavailabletoeveryonewhowishestoseeit.Allthiscouldchangethetraditionalformofthepeer-reviewprocess,atleastforthepublicationofpapers.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthordiscussesthebackgroundinformationofjournalthepublicationroutineoflaboratorytherelationsofauthorswithjournalthetraditionalprocessofjournalWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheOECDItcriticizesernment-fundedItintroducesaneffectivemeansofItupsetsprofit-makingjournalItbenefitsscientificresearchAccordingtothetext,onlinepublicationissignificantinthatitprovidesaneasieraccesstoscientificitbringshugeprofitstoscientificitemphasizesthecrucialroleofscientificitfacilitatespublicinvestmentinscientificWiththeopen-accesspublishingmodel,theauthorofapaperisrequiredtocoverthecostofitssubscribetothejournalpublishingallowotheronlinejournalstouseitcompletethepeer-reviewbeforeWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheTheInternetisposingathreattoAnewmodeofpublicationis ethenewchannelforPublicationisrenderedeasilybyonlineIntheearly1960sWiltChamberlainwasoneoftheonlythreeyersintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)listedatoversevenfeet.Ifhehadyedlastseason,however,hewouldhavebeenoneof42.Thebodiesyingmajorprofessionalsportshavechangeddramaticallyovertheyears,andmanagershavebeenmorethanwillingtoadjustteamuniformstofitthegrowingnumbersofbigger,longerThetrendinsports,though,maybeobscuringanunrecognizedreality:Americanshavegenerallystoppedgrowing.Thoughtypicallyabouttwoinchestallernowthan140yearsago,today’speople—especiallythoseborntofamilieswhohavelivedintheU.S.formanygenerations—apparentlyreachedtheirlimitintheearly1960s.Andtheyaren’tlikelytogetanytaller.“Inthegeneralpopulationtoday,atthisgenetic,environmentallevel,we’veprettymuchgoneasfaraswecango,”saysanthropologistWilliamCameronChumleaofWrightStateUniversity.InthecaseofNBAyers,theirincreaseinheightappearstoresultfromtheincreasinglycommonpracticeofrecruitingyersfromallovertheworld.Growth,whichrarelycontinuesbeyondtheageof20,demandscaloriesandnutrients—notably,—tofeedexpandingtissues.Atthestartofthe20thcentury,under-nutritionandchildhoodinfectionsgotintheway.Butasdietandhealthimproved,childrenandadolescentshave,onaverage,increasedinheightbyaboutaninchandahalfevery20years,apatternknownastheseculartrendinheight.YetaccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,averageheight—5'9"formen,5'4"forwomen—hasn’treallychangedsince1960.Geneticallyspeaking,thereareadvantagestoavoidingsubstantialheight.Duringchildbirth,largerbabieshavemoredifficultypassingthroughthebirthc.Moreover,eventhoughhumanshavebeenuprightformillionsofyears,ourfeetandbackcontinuetostrugglewithbipedalpostureandcannoteasilywithstandrepeatedstrainimposedbyoversizelimbs.“Therearesomerealconstraintsthataresetbythegeneticarchitectureoftheindividualorganism,”saysanthropologistWilliamLeonardofNorthwesternUniversity. umscanchange,butdon’texpectthistohappensoon.ClaireC.Gordon,senioranthropologistattheArmyResearchCenterinNatick,Mass.,ensuresthat90percentoftheuniformsandworkstationsfitrecruitswithoutal tion.Shesaysthat,unlikethoseforbasketball,thelengthofmilitaryuniformshasnotchangedforsometime.Andifyouneedtopredicthumanheightinthenearfuturetodesignapieceofequipment,Gordonsaysthatbyandlarge,“youcouldusetoday'sdataandfeelfairlyWiltChamberlainiscitedasanexampletoillustratethechangeofheightofNBAshowthepopularityofNBAyersinthecomparedifferentgenerationsofNBAassesstheachievementsoffamousNBAWhichofthefollowingysakeyroleinbodygrowthaccordingtotheGeneticNaturalLivingDailyOnwhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostprobablyNon-AmericansaddtotheaverageheightoftheHumanheightisconditionedbytheuprightAmericansarethetallestonaverageintheLargerbabiestend etallerinWelearnfromthelastparagraphthatinthenearfuturethegarmentindustrywillreconsidertheuniformthedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremaingenetictestingwillbeemployedinselectingtheexistingdataofhumanheightwillstillbeThetextintends lusthatthechangeofhumanheightfollowsacyclichumanheight ingevenmoreAmericanshavereachedtheirgeneticgrowththegeneticpatternofAmericanshasIn1784,fiveyearsbeforehebecameoftheUnitedStates,GeorgeWashington,52,wasnearlytoothless.Sohehiredadentisttotransntnineteethintohisjaw—havingextractedthemfromthemouthsofhisslaves.That’safardifferentimagefromthecherry-tree-chopGeorgemostpeoplerememberfromtheirhistorybooks.Butrecently,manyhistorianshavebeguntofocusontheroleslaveryyedinthelivesofthefoundinggeneration.TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeavailablein1998,whichalmostcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadfatheredatleastonechildwithhisslaveSallyHemings.Andonlyoverthepast30yearshavescholarsexaminedhistoryfromthebottomup.Worksofseveralhistoriansrevealthemoralcompromisesmadebythenation’searlyleadersandthefragilenatureofthecountry’sinfancy.Moresignificant,theyarguethatmanyoftheFoundingFathersknewslaverywaswrong—andyetmostdidlittletofightit.Morethananything,thehistorianssay,thefounderswerehamperedbythecultureoftheirtime.WhileWashingtonandJeffersonprivayexpresseddistasteforslavery,theyalsounderstoodthatitwaspartofthepoliticalandeconomicbedrockofthecountrytheyhelpedtocreate.Foronething,theSouthcouldnotaffordtopartwithitsslaves.Owningslaveswas“l(fā)ikehavingalargebankaccount,”saysWiencek,authorofAnImperfectGod:GeorgeWashington,HisSlaves,andtheCreationofAmerica.ThesouthernstateswouldnothavesignedtheConstitutionwithoutprotectionsforthe“peculiarinstitution,”includingaclausethatcountedaslaveasthreefifthsofamanforpurposesofcongressionalrepresentation.Andthestatesmen’spoliticallivesdependedonslavery.Thethree-fifthsformulahandedJeffersonhisnarrowvictoryintheialelectionof1800byinflatingthevotesofthesouthernstatesintheElectoralCollege.Onceinoffice,JeffersonextendedslaverywiththeLouisianaPurchasein1803;thenewlandwascarvedinto13states,includingthreeslavestates.Still, dHemings’schildren—thoughnotHemingsherselforhisapproximay150slaves.Washington,whohadbeguntobelievethatallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingthebravaryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongoppositionofhisrelativestogranthisslavestheir dominhiswill.Onlyadecadeearlier,suchanactwouldhaverequiredlegislativeapprovalinVirginia.GeorgeWashington’sdentalsurgeryismentionedtoshowtheprimitivemedicalpracticeinthedemonstratethecrueltyofslaveryinhisstresstheroleofslavesintheU.S.revealsomeunknownaspectofhisWemayinferfromthesecondparagraphthatDNAtechnologyhasbeenwidelyappliedtohistoryinitsearlydaystheU.S.wasconfrontedwithdelicatehistoriansdeliberaymadeupsomestoriesofJefferson’spoliticalcompromisesareeasilyfoundthroughouttheU.S.WhatdowelearnaboutThomasHispoliticalviewchangedhisattitudetowardsHisstatusasafathermadehimthechildHisattitudetowardsslaverywasHisaffairwithaslavestainedhisWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheSomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfromSomeFoundingFathersbenefitpoliticallyfromslavery.Slavesintheolddaysdidnothavetherighttovote.Slaveownersusuallyhadlargesavingsaccounts.Slaverywasregardedasapeculiarinstitution.40.Washington’sdecision slavesoriginatedfromhismoralmilitaryfinancialpoliticalstand.PartBInthefollowingtext,somesegmentshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Thetimeforsharpeningpencils,arrangingyourdesk,andngalmostanythingelseinsteadofwritinghasended.Thefirstdraftwillappearonthepageonlyifyoustopavoidingtheinevitableandsit,standup,orliedowntowrite.(41) Beflexible.Youroutlineshouldsmoothlyconductyoufromonepointtothenext,butdonotpermitittorailroadyou.Ifarelevantandimportantideaoccurstoyounow,workitintothedraft.(42) .Gr punctuation,andspellingcanwaituntilyourevise.Concentrateonwhatyouaresaying.Goodwritingmostoftenoccurswhenyouareinhotpursuitofanidearatherthaninanervoussearchforerrors. .Yourpageswillbeeasiertokeeptrackofthatway,and,ifyouhavetoclipaparagraphtoceitelsewhere,youwillnotloseanywritingoneitherside.Ifyouareworkingonawordprocessor,youcantakeadvantageofitscapacitytomakeadditionsanddeletionsaswellasmoveentireparagraphsbymakingjustafewsimplekeyboardcommands.Somesoftwareprogramscanalsocheckspellingandcertaingr ticalelementsinyourwriting.(44) .Theseprintoutsarealsoeasiertoreadthanthescreenwhenyouworkonrevisions.Onceyouhaveafirstdraftonpaper,youcandeletematerialthatisunrelatedtoyourthesisandaddmaterialnecessarytoillustrateyourpointsandmakeyourpaperconvincing.Thestudentwhowrote“TheA&PasaStateofMind”wiselydroppedaparagraphthatquestionedwhetherSammydisyschauvinisticattitudestowardwomen.(45) Rememberthatyourinitialdraftisonlythat.Youshouldgothroughthepapermanytimes—andthenagain—workingtosubstantiateandclarifyyourideas.Youmayevenendupwithseveralentireversionsofthepaper.Rewrite.Thesentenceswithineachparagraphshouldberelatedtoasingletopic.Transitionsshouldconnectoneparagraphtothenextsothattherearenoabruptorconfusingshifts.Awkwardorwordyphrasingorunclearsentencesandparagraphsshouldbemercilesslypokedandproddedintoshape.Tomakerevisingeasier,leavewidemarginsandextraspacebetweenlinessothatyoucaneasilyaddwords,sentencesandcorrections.WriteononlyonesideoftheAfteryouhavealreadyandadequaydevelopedthebodyofyourpaper,payparticularattentiontotheintroductoryandconcludingparagraphs.It’sprobablybesttowritetheintroductionlast,afteryouknowpreciselywhatyouareintroducing.Concludingparagraphsdemandequalattentionbecausetheyleavethereaderwithafinalimpression.It’sworthremembering,however,thatthoughacleancopyfreshoffaprintermaylookterrible,itwillreadonlyaswellasthethinkingandwritingthathavegoneintoit.Manywritersprudentlystoretheirdataondisksandprinttheirpageseachtimetheyfinishadrafttoavoidlosinganymaterialbecauseofpowerfailuresorotherproblems.Itmakesnodifferencehowyouwrite,justsoyoudo.Nowthatyouhavedevelopedatopicintoatentativethesis,youcanassembleyournotesandbegintofleshoutwhateveroutlineyouhaveAlthoughthisisaninterestingissue,ithasnothingtodowiththethesis,whichexinshowthesettinginfluencesSammy’sdecisiontoquithisjob.Insteadofincludingthatparagraph,sheaddedonethatdescribedLengel’scrabbedresponsetothegirlssothatshecouldleaduptotheA&P“”heInthefinalparagraphaboutthesignificanceofthesettingin“A&P”thestudentbringstogetherthereasonsSammyquithisjobbyreferringtohisrefusaltoacceptLengel’sstorepolicies.Byusingthefirstdraftasameansofthinkingaboutwhatyouwanttosay,youwillverylikelydiscovermorethanyournotesoriginallysuggested.Plentyofgoodwritersdon’tuseoutlinesatallbutdiscoverorderingprinciplesastheywrite.Donotattempttocomposeaperfectlycorrectdraftthefirsttimearound.PartCReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsinto.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)Inhisautobiography，Darwinhimselfspeaksofhisinlectualpowerswithextraordinarymodesty.pointsoutthathealwaysexperiencedmuchdifficultyinexpressinghimselfclearlyandconcisely,(46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.Hedi edthepossessionofanygreatquicknessofapprehensionorwit,suchasdistinguishedHuxley.(47)Heasserted,also,thathispowertofollowalongandpurely trainofthoughtwasverylimited,forwhichreasonhefeltcertainthathenevercouldhavesucceededwithmathematics.Hismemory,too,hedescribedasextensive,buthazy.Sopoorinonesensewasitthathenevercouldrememberformorethanafewdaysasingledateoralineofpoetry.(48)Ontheotherhand,hedidnotacceptaswellfoundedthechargemadebysomeofhiscriticsthat,whilehewasagoodobserver,hehadnopowerofreasoning.This,hethought,couldnotbetrue,becausethe“OriginofSpecies”isonelongargumentfromthebeginningtotheend,andhasconvincedmanyablemen.Noone,hesubmits,couldhavewrittenitwithoutpossessingsomepowerofreasoning.Hewaswillingtoassertthat“Ihaveafairshareofinvention,andofcommonsenseorjudgment,suchaseveryfairlysuccessfullawyerordoctormusthave,butnot,Ibelieve,inanyhigherdegree.”(49)Headdshumblythatperhapshewas“superiortothecommonrunofmeninnoticingthingswhicheasilyescapeattention,andinobservingthemcarefully.”Writinginthelastyearofhislife,heexpressedtheopinionthatintwoorthreerespectshismindhadchangedduringtheprecedingtwentyorthirtyyears.Uptotheageofthirtyorbeyonditpoetryofmanykindsgavehimgreatpleasure.Formerly,too,pictureshadgivenhimconsiderable,andmusicverygreat,delight.In1881,however,hesaid:“NowformanyyearsIcannotenduretoreadalineofpoetry.Ihavealsoalmostlostmytasteforpicturesormusic.”(50)Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheinlect,andmoreprobablytothemoralSectionIIIPartYouhavejustcomebackfromCanadaandfoundamusicinyourluggagethatyouforgottoreturntoBob,yourlandlordthere.Writehimalettermakeanapology,suggestaYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEETDonotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”Donotwritetheaddress.(10PartWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youdescribethedrawingexinitsintendedmeaning,andgiveyourYoushouldwriteneatlyonANSHWERSHEET2.(202008年招生考試英語（一）答案詳SectionIUseof一、文章總體分析這是一篇議。文章主要介紹了個別民族群體智商高于人類平均水平。文章首段第一句話點明了中二、試題具體解析selectedpreparedobligedpleased【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】是一個讓人高興 是一個讓人高興 uniquespecial特殊的，特別rare【答案【考點固定搭【難度系數(shù)】【解析從文章內(nèi)容看，顯然該空填入的詞應(yīng)該是用來形容Cochran是一個什么樣的人的。從上文我者對Cochran正面評價，突出其優(yōu)秀性，四個詞中只有D能表達這種語義，故答案為D。本題從另一個角度來說，ararebird是一固定搭配，指一類人。其他三個詞與bird搭配都不能指人，同【答案】【考點】介詞搭配【難度系數(shù)】工作獨立于，故本題選A項。subsequently后來，隨presentlypreviouslylay最【答案【考點邏輯搭【難度系數(shù)】上也是傳染病，這個觀點首次被時候，引起了很大的爭議”。由語境可以判斷，在得到這一結(jié)So【答案【難度系數(shù)】【解析上文提到Cochranhowever表明這是對上文的轉(zhuǎn)折，句意為：但的遞進，四個選項中，C能表達這一含義，故答案為C。(atthe)thought(of)(atthesightof(atthecostof(attheriskof【答案】【考點】詞匯搭配【難度系數(shù)】而將要做的事情是發(fā)生在將來，也不可能看見，只能放在想象中，故答案為A。advisessuggests建議sobjects【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空所在的句意為：他了一篇，不僅一群人比另一群人智商高，還解釋了導致這因此也不合適；因此答案為B。(in)progress(in)fact(in)need在危難(急)(in)question【答案【考點固定搭【難度系數(shù)】【解析從該空所在句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，in與所填入的詞是用來修飾“thegroup”的，句子大意是，這個群體，是一個發(fā)源于中歐的特殊民族。從含義上看，A和C明顯不合文意。而infact是副詞性的詞組，放在be動詞之后，排除掉B項。Dattainingscoringreachingcalculating【答案】【考點】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空前談到的是文章前文提到的那個群體，空后顯然是分數(shù)，而表示獲得分數(shù)的動詞只有B，故正確答案為B。normalcommonmeantotal【答案【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】夠表達普通人的得分當然只能用平均值，C符合此意，故為正確答案。 無意識地，不知不覺disproportionay不成比例indefiniy不確定地，無期限 無法解釋地，不能說明【答案】【考點】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解析】該空所在句子大意是：這個群體對于西方的知識文化生活做出了貢獻。前文以及后面提到的知名科學家我們可以判定出，這里應(yīng)該強調(diào)的是這個群體對西方知識文化生活的重大貢獻。四個選項中，只有B項的意思能突出這群人做貢獻非常大。故答案B。fortunes，運interests【答案】【考點】詞義辨析【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空所在的整個從句大意是：這個群體對于西方的知識文化生活做出了重大的貢獻，正如他們精英的的那樣，包括幾名聞名世界的科學家……。從后面的分詞短語可以明顯看出，后面列舉的科學家應(yīng)該和空填的內(nèi)容是同類的，而且科學家是空的內(nèi)容具體說明，顯然，科學家是一種職業(yè)，故答案為D?！敬鸢浮究键c詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】很多聞名世界的科學家）A能表達語義，故正確答案為moreoverthereforehowevermeanwhile【答案】【考點】邏輯搭配【難度系數(shù)】【解析】空的前句，他們（那些具有比常人高智商的人群）經(jīng)常比大多數(shù)人一些疾病的痛苦。接著空所在的句子，這些事實（疾病和高智商）以前被認為是沒有聯(lián)系的。前面事實說明有聯(lián)系，后句談到?jīng)]聯(lián)系，這是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故答案為C。givenupto)gotoverto)carriedonputdownto)【答案【考點詞匯搭【難度系數(shù)】產(chǎn)生原因的說明，四個選項，只有D項表達這種含義，故答案為D。assessingsupervising【答案【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】功于對教育的重視，四個選項中，只有D能表達這一含義，故正確答案為D。developmentorigin，起consequenceinstrument【答案【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從前文的theformer可以判斷出，這里的thelatter顯然與其是并列關(guān)系，前面談到theformer的是產(chǎn)生的原因，那么這里自然也是談到thelatter的原因，四個選項中能表達這一含義的只有C。【答案【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】【解空所在的句子內(nèi)容把文章中前面談到的智商和疾病結(jié)合在一起了，從上文我們應(yīng)該可以判斷故答案為A。limitedto)subjected(to)使(經(jīng)受convertedto)directedto【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】】別的進化壓力。四個選項，顯然只有B填入空中能夠使句意通順，故答案為B。paradoxical的,似是而非 不相容的，不能并存的，inevitable不可continuous【答案【考點詞義辨【難度系數(shù)】方面又飽受疾病的困擾，顯然這是一個看似的結(jié)論，A正能表達這種狀況，故答案為A。三、全文翻譯人類某些族群的智商可能高于其他族群，這種觀點是一種不敢冠之以名的假設(shè)理論。但是格雷戈里柯克倫卻準備說出這一觀點。他是這么一種特立獨行的人：不隸屬于的科學家。他曾推動普及這樣一種觀點：一些以前被認為不是由細菌引起的疾病竟然是傳染病。當這個觀點首次被提出時，曾引起極大的爭議。然而甚至是他這樣一個人，到自己將要做的事，心里也會發(fā)怵。他與另外兩名科學家一起了一篇論文，其中不僅表明一個人類族群比其他族群，還解釋了導致這一結(jié)果的過程。中談到的族群是于中歐的某個特定民族，而這個過程是自然選擇。這一人群在智商測試中普遍得分較高，得分比平均值100分高12-15分；而且他們對西方的學術(shù)和文化生活做出了同他們?nèi)丝跀?shù)量極不成比例的巨大貢獻，他們中的精英人物，包括幾位世界知名的科學家的事業(yè)充分證明了這一點。與此同時，他們也比大多數(shù)人更容易患多種嚴重的遺傳疾病，比如乳癌?？墒牵郧叭藗冋J為這些事實之間沒有什么內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。前者(智商高)被歸因于傳統(tǒng)上高度重視教育等社會影響，而后者(遺傳疾病)被看作是遺傳造成的結(jié)果?？瓶藗惒┦繀s認為高智商和疾病有密切聯(lián)系。他的論點是：這些人不同尋常的歷史致使他們承受了獨特的進化壓力，進而導致了這種的狀態(tài)。SectionIIReadingPart們面對的壓力比要多得多；第四段男女面對的壓力種類不同：女性的壓力大多來自家庭內(nèi)部且時常發(fā)生，而所的壓力則大多是和具有偶然性的動態(tài)情況；第五段是對第四段的二、試題具體分析【答案【考點推理判【難度系數(shù)】時容易患病的原因”。morevulnerabletostress和biologically分別與文中的susceptibletodevelodepressionandanxietydisordersinresponsetostress和 hormones對應(yīng)。因此A項為正確選項，同時可以排除C項。B項是正確的表述，但施加壓力是無中生有，文中未提及，故排除；D項不能概【補充】英文議的開始部分很關(guān)鍵，它往往要引入文章的主旨。為了能吸引讀者，該部分常常采用一個。的寫作方法很多，如名人名言(2003年text2)，類比(2005年text1，text2和2006年text3)，舉幾個典型事例(2004年text1，2007年text2)，比較(2004年text2)等等。本文采取比較法，即和女性在承受壓力方面的比較?！敬鸢浮究键c事實細【難度系數(shù)】【解析DrYchuda的研究而不是說女性需要的化學物質(zhì)來緩解焦慮，故排除A項；第三段第三句提到女性壓力的能力或許比更好，排除B項；原文提到女性需要壓力，而不是逃避，C選項屬于偷換概念，【答案【考點事實細【難度系數(shù)】此對應(yīng)。A項和D項都與該段不一致。B選項與第三句對應(yīng)，是壓力的性質(zhì)，也不符合題意。24．第五段第五行的句子“Ilivedfrompaychecktopaycheck”表明?！究键c推理判【難度系數(shù)】【解第五段是一個具體實例，從語境來看，該段通過描述阿爾瓦雷茲承受各種家庭責任來說明女要付房租等日常開支，這與B項中所指的薪水幾乎不能滿足日常生活開銷相吻合，故正確選項為A項側(cè)重人物傾向，和文中承受生活壓力這種客觀無奈脫離，故排除。C項只是文章事實內(nèi)容的介紹，并沒有與聯(lián)系，故排除；D項完全曲解了“paycheck”的意義，望文生義將paycheck拆成pay和check而編造的選項，所以排除?！敬鸢浮究键c】主旨大【難度系數(shù)】【解析】從整個文章結(jié)構(gòu)來看，文章主要圍繞女性的壓力問題，其中間或提到的壓力也只是D為正確答案。A選項概括范圍過大，脫離了文章以女性為中心的討論。B選項和C選項都只涉及到文章的一個方面，并非文章全貌。三、文章難句分析Studiesofbothanimalsandhumanshaveshownthat hormonessomehowaffectthestressresponse,caus