2022-2023學年寧夏吳忠中學高三上學期第三次月考英語試題

吳忠中學2022-2023學年度第一學期高三年級第三次月考英語試題(時間：120分鐘滿分：150分)第一部分：聽力理解(共兩節(jié)滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.$70.B.S35.C.$17.5.2.Whowillprobablygoswimmingthisafternoon?A.JerryandAnna.B.JerryandTom.C.AnnaandTom.3.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjob?A.TiredB.Pleased.C.Worried.4.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inabakery.C.Inasupermarket.5.WhatisJanelikelytodotomorrow?A.Lookafterapet.B.Gototheman’shouse.C.Goonabusinesstrip.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Toreturnabook.B.Toborrowabook.C.Tochangeabook.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Gotoanotherplace.B.Waitforacall.C.Checkonthecomputer.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatwasthewomandoingbeforetheconversation?A.Rentingacar.B.Withdrawingmoney.C.Drivingacar.9.Whatdoesthewomandislikeabouttheredcar?A.Itsseats.BItsprice.CItscolor10Whatdoesthewomanwanttodonext?A.Bargainovertheprice.B.Lookatothercars.C.Findanothershop.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Theman’sfriend.B.Ahairdresser.C.Theman’smanager12.Whatisthemangoingtodothisafternoon?A.Deliveraspeech.B.HaveapartyC.Lookforajob13.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Verysorry.B.Abitexcited.C.Prettyangry.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.AcoupleB.Businesspartners.C.Fellowworkers15.Whatelsedoesthewomanneedtodo?A.Answeremails.B.Writereports.C.Makephonecalls.16.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Bringheracupofcoffee.B.Driveherhome.C.Treathertosupper.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenistheUnitedNationsChineseLanguageDay?A.OnApril27th.B.OnApril25th.C.OnApril20th.18.HowdidtheUNOfficecelebratetheevent?A.Itorganizedavideofestival.B.Itmade34videos.C.IttoldstoriesaboutChina.19.WhereM.YousafM.Yousafcomefrom?A.France.B.Pakistan.C.Italy.20.WhatisimportantinlearningChineseaccordingtoYerdana?A.LearningthemindofChinesepeople.B.WatchingChinesevideos.C.Usingimagination第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的(A、B、C和D)四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheBestPhotographyConteststoEnterMoscowInternationalFotoAwardsDeadline:April30,2023Prize:ThePhotographeroftheYeartitlealongwitha$3,000prizeTherearenine:categoriesforyoutoenter.Theentryexpensesvaryaccordingtothelevelofproficiency,andstudentscanenteratareducedprice.Hereyoucanhandinuptotwentyimages.whichcanbeindividualimagesorphotoseriesineithercategory.MonochromePhotographyAwardsDeadline:November13,2022There’rethirteencategoriestoenter,rangingacrosslandscapes,fashionandabstractphotography.Ifyou’reinthetopthreeofanyofthem,youwillgetacertificateandanexhibitionof-yourwork.Eachimagecosts$15.Theonlyruleisthattheimagehastobeblackandwhite.Prize:$2,000,certificateandexhibitionWorldPressPhotographyAwardsDeadline:January13,2023Prize:$5,000foreachcategoryThere’reeightcategoriesforyoutoenter.Eachoftheseisaimingtofindthebestvisualjournalistinthatparticularfield.Everycategoryisjudgedbythreephotographersspecializinginthatarea.Thecompetitiondefinitelycapturestherealityofourworld.Ifyou’reapressphotographerandfeellikeyou’reexcellentatcapturingimportantcontemporarytopics,thiscontestisforyou.BigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwardsDeadline:March3,2023Prize:Eachcategorywinnerreceives$1,000Thecontestacceptsnature,wildlifeandprotectionimagesfromallaroundtheworld,organizedintosevencategories.Sealife,wildanimals,andhumans’interactionwithnatureareespeciallywelcome.Youcanhandinupto10singleimagesfor$25,or4-6imagesinthePhotoStorycategoryfor$10.1.WhatisspecialaboutMoscowInternationalFotoAwards?A.Itonlyacceptscolorimages.B.Ithasthebiggestnumberofcategories.C.Therearediscountsforstudents.D.Participantshavetohandin20images.2.Whichcontestbestsuitsaphotographerworkingforanewspaper?A.MoscowInternationalFotoAwards.B.MonochromePhotographyAwards.C.WorldPressPhotographyAwards.D.BigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwards.3.WhichimageismostsuitableforBigPictureNaturalWorldPhotographyAwards?A.Anewstart.B.Meetthemuse.C.Timeschange.D.Atonewithnature.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個攝影比賽的情況，介紹了每個比賽的截止日期、獎項設置以及題材要求等。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoscowInternationalFotoAwards部分中“Theentryexpensesvaryaccordingtothelevelofproficiency,andstudentscanenteratareducedprice.(報名費根據(jù)熟練程度的不同而有所不同，學生可以以較低的價格報名)”可知，MoscowInternationalFotoAwards的特別之處是對學生有折扣。故選C。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WorldPressPhotographyAwards部分中“Ifyou’reapressphotographerandfeellikeyou’reexcellentatcapturingimportantcontemporarytopics,thiscontestisforyou.(如果你是一名新聞攝影師，并且覺得自己非常擅長捕捉重要的當代話題，那么這個比賽就是為你準備的)”可知，WorldPressPhotographyAwards最適合為報社工作的攝影師。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BigPicturePhotographyAwards部分中“Thecontestacceptsnature,wildlifeandprotectionimagesfromallaroundtheworld,organizedintosevencategories.Sealife,wildanimals,andhumans’interactionwithnatureareespeciallywelcome.(該比賽接受來自世界各地的自然、野生動物和保護照片，分為七個類別。特別歡迎海洋生物、野生動物以及人類與自然的互動類型)”可知，D選項“與自然融為一體”最適合參加BigPicturePhotographyAwards。故選D。BBothofmyparentsworkedfull-timewhenIwasalittlegirl，somygrandmotherwouldstayatourhouseduringtheday.Wewouldwatchgameshowsinthelivingroom.OurfavoritewasThePriceIsRight.Wewouldcalloutouranswersalongwiththecontestants.WhenIgotolderandstartedgoingtoschool，wecouldn’twatchourgameshowsregularly.Thatwasokaywithme，though，becausetheonethingIlikedbetterthanwatchinggameshowswithmygrandmotherwashelpingherbakecakes.Watchingherinthekitchenwasamazing：sheneverseemedtoneedtherecipes（食譜）buteverythingshemadetasteddelicious.AtfirstIwouldjustsitinthekitchenandwatch，eventhoughIdidn’tunderstandwhatshewasdoing.AsIgotolder，sheletmehelpwiththeeasyparts，suchasmeasuringthesugar.Thedaysheletmeseparatetheeggs，IfeltlikeIhadfoundcompletepleasure.Atlast，myparentsdecidedthatIcouldtakecareofmyself，andmygrandmotherstoppedcomingovereveryday.Theloveofbaking，however，stayedwithme.Istartedbakingbymyself，andevenifthecookiesendedupburntsometimes，moreoftentheyturnedoutprettywell.Itriedoutnewrecipes，andwheneverIgottoathornypart，Iwouldcallmygrandmotherforadvice.SometimesIwouldcallherjusttotalktoo.IfeltlikeIcouldtalktoheraboutanything.Mygrandmotherpassedawaytenyearsago，butIstillthinkofhereveryday.Lastweek，Ifoundarecipebookshemadeforme.Itincludedherrecipesforbrownies，cookies，andmyfavorite，lemonpie.AsIlookedthroughthepages，IthoughtIcouldhearhervoice.Shewastheonewhotaughtmenotjustaboutbaking，butaboutlife.4.Thepassageismainlydevelopedby.A.analyzingcauses B.makingcomparisonsC.followingthetimeorder D.examiningdifferences5.Whilehelpinghergrandmotherbake，theauthor.A.founditinteresting B.turnedouttobeatroublemakerC.hopedtomakealivingbybaking D.regrettedmissingthegameshows6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thorny”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Basic. B.Common.C.Special. D.Difficult.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todescribeherchildhoodmemories. B.Toshowhergoodbakingskills.C.Torememberhergrandmother. D.Totalkaboutherhappyfamilylife.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者回憶小時候和奶奶一起烘焙的故事和對奶奶的思念之情。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)每一段的時間狀語，如第一段“whenIwasalittlegirl”，第二段“WhenIgotolderandstartedgoingtoschool”，第四段“Atlast，myparentsdecidedthatIcouldtakecareofmyself”，第五段“Mygrandmotherpassedawaytenyearsago”。可知整篇文章是按照時間順序展開的。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thedaysheletmeseparatetheeggs，IfeltlikeIhadfoundcompletepleasure.”（她讓我?guī)兔Ψ蛛x雞蛋那天，我感覺好像找到了極大的快樂。）可知在幫助祖母烘焙的過程中，作者覺得是有趣的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Itriedoutnewrecipes，andwheneverIgottoathornypart，Iwouldcallmygrandmotherforadvice.”（我試驗新的食譜，無論何時我遇到困難的部分，我都會給奶奶打電話尋求建議。）可知，我給奶奶打電話尋求建議和幫助，說明我遇到了困難。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。本篇文章主要描述了作者從小到大和奶奶一起烘培的點點滴滴，表達對奶奶的思念之情。說明作者寫這篇文章的目的是紀念奶奶。故選C。COverthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted（分心）drivingwas"onlyincreasing,unfortunately.""Bigchangerequiresbigideas."hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws."Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone."8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary.C.Inconsistent. D.Unfair.9.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?A.Whereadrivercamefrom. B.Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.C.Howfastadriverwasgoing. D.Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"something"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStartB.TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzerC.NewYorkBanningHand-HeldDevicesbyDrivers.D.TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer-【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文一篇說明文。為解決司機在開車時使用手機造成“分神”，引發(fā)交通事故的問題，紐約的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信監(jiān)控器）的技術來監(jiān)控司機在開車的時候是否使用了手機。8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.”（在過去的七年里，大多數(shù)州都禁止司機發(fā)短信，公共服務活動也嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機。）以及第二段中“Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.”（然而，無論以何種標準衡量，這個問題似乎都在惡化。）可知，大多數(shù)州使用了各種各樣的方法說服司機們在開車的時候放下手機，可是情況卻越來越糟糕。所以各種方法是無效的。A選項ineffective意為“無效的”，與此相符。故選A。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws.”（這項技術可以確定司機是否發(fā)了短信、發(fā)了郵件，或者做了紐約免提駕駛法不允許的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能夠確定的是司機是否使用了手機發(fā)短信、郵件以及其他駕駛法不允許的行為。B選項意為“是否司機使用了手機?！迸c此相符，故選B。【10題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)句中的“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior.”（我們需要一些能改變人們行為的東西，）可知，something是能夠改變人們的行為的事情。根據(jù)下文的“IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,"peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”（他說，如果Textalyzer法案成為法律，“人們會更害怕拿起手機。）可知，人們的行為會改變的條件是當Textalyzer法案成為法律。受到法律的約束和懲罰，司機們才不會在開車的時候使用手機。故something指代的是法律。故選D。【11題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，第一段和第二段闡述的是“雖然大多數(shù)州已經(jīng)嘗試了各種各樣的方法來說服人們在開車時放下手機。可是問題卻越來越嚴重”。第三段中“Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore.”（部分原因是開車的人越來越多）可知，解釋了該行為產(chǎn)生的部分原因。第四段至第五段講述的是為了解決該問題是紐約立法者提出了一個新的想法即利用Textalyzer技術，來監(jiān)控司機在開車的時候是否使用了手機。最后一段講述的是：相關人士呼吁該項技術能夠成為真正的法案由此才能真正地改變人們的行為。故B選項TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzer（發(fā)短信還是在開車？防范短信監(jiān)控器。）適合文章的標題。故選B。DArecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”UsingpublicdatafromsourcesliketheBureauofLaborStatisticsandtheWorldHealthOrganization,theresearcherswereabletoanalyzedatasetsandsurveyresponsesfrompeoplewhohadsharedtheirdailyhabits,schedulesandinteractions.Theynoticedaclearrelationshipbetweenrelationaldiversityandoveralllevelsofsatisfaction.HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.Havingasupportsystemisimportant,butitgoesbeyondyourinnercircle.“Itsaboutthismix.Itsaboutconnectingwithpeoplewhoareclosetoyou,whoaremaybelessclosetoyou,whoconnectyouwithotherpeople,whoprovidedifferentkindsofsupport,”shesaid.“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交檔案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.”Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.12.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheterm“relationaldiversity”?A.Bylistingstatistics. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bygivingdefinitionsandexamples. D.Bydescribingtheprocess.13.Whoisthehappiestaccordingtothestudy?A.Apersonwhointeractsmostwithhisfamilymembers.B.Apersonwhocommunicatesfrequentlywithhisfriends.C.Apersonwhoseldomstrikesupconversationswithstrangers.D.Apersonwhohaseverconversationswithmanydifferentpeople.14.Whichofthestatementsaboutthestudyistrue?A.Researcherscameupwithanewconcept.B.Itshowsthatasupportsystemisnotnecessary.C.Researcherscollecteddatabyconductingexperiments.D.ItwasledbyadoctoralstudentfromHarvardBusinessSchool.15.Whatisthewritersattitudetowardstheresultofthestudy?A.Neutral. B.Skeptical.C.Opposed. D.Approving.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。研究人員分析了美國勞工統(tǒng)計局和世界衛(wèi)生組織等來源的公開數(shù)據(jù)，并調查了被調查者所分享的日常習慣、日程安排和互動，發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福和社會關系多樣性之間存在聯(lián)系，所以作者鼓勵大家要多和陌生人交流。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HanneCollins,aHarvardBusinessSchooldoctoralstudentwhoco-authoredthestudy,saysthatrelationaldiversityiscomposedoftwoelements:richnessandevenness.(該研究的合著者、哈佛商學院的博士生漢娜·柯林斯說，人際關系的多樣性由兩個因素組成：豐富性和均勻性)”，第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.(豐富度衡量的是關系類別，也就是你每天與多少種人打交道?？赡苁悄愕膽偃恕⒓彝コ蓡T、鄰居或陌生人)”，第五段“Evennessrelatestothedistributionofconversationsamongthosedifferentrelationshipcategories.Somepeoplemayfindthemselvesinteractingwithcolleaguesatworkmorethan,say,theirfamilymembers.“Ifyouhaveafewconversationswithcolleagues,afewwithfriends,afewwitharomanticpartneroracouplechatswithstrangers,thatsgoingtobemoreevenacrossthesecategories,”Collinsexplained.(均勻性與這些不同關系類別之間的對話的分布有關。有些人可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在工作中與同事的交流比與家人的交流更多?！叭绻愫屯铝膸拙洌团笥蚜膸拙?，和戀人聊幾句，或者和陌生人聊幾句，這些類別的情況會更平均，”柯林斯解釋說)”可推知，作者對“人際關系的多樣性”作了定義，并舉例說明其豐富性和均勻性。故選C項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Richnessmeasuresrelationshipcategories,orhowmanykindsofpeopleyouinteractwithinaday.Thatcouldbeyourromanticpartner,afamilymember,aneighbororastranger.“Themorerelationshipcategoriestheytalktoinadayandthemoreeventheirconversationsareacrossthosecategories,thehappiertheyare.Andwefindthisinalargesampleacrossmanycountries,”Collinssaid.(豐富度衡量的是關系類別，也就是你每天與多少種人打交道。可能是你的戀人、家庭成員、鄰居或陌生人。“他們一天中談論的關系類別越多，而且談話跨越這些類別的次數(shù)越多，他們就越快樂。我們在許多國家的大樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一點，”柯林斯說)”可推知，研究表明，一個與許多不同的人交談過的人是最幸福的。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Arecentstudybyagroupofresearchersfoundthatthereisalinkbetweenhappinessandatermthattheresearcherscoinedcalled“relationaldiversity.”(一組研究人員最近的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幸福和一個研究人員創(chuàng)造的術語“關系多樣性”之間存在聯(lián)系)”可知，這個研究組在研究中，創(chuàng)造了新詞relationaldiversity；第六段的第一句“Ultimately,Collinssays,thestudygivesinsighttotheideathathumansaresocialcreaturesatheart.(最終，柯林斯說，這項研究讓人們深刻認識到，人類本質上是社會生物)”以及最后一句“Essentially,theideaisthatthemorediverseyoursocialportfolio(社交檔案),thehappieryouareandthehigheryourwell-being.(從本質上講，這個觀點是你的社交檔案越多樣化，你就越快樂，你的幸福感就越高)”可知，研究人員提出了一個新的概念：幸福和社會關系多樣性之間存在聯(lián)系。故選A項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nexttimeyouconsiderstrikingupaconversationwithastrangerinlineatthegrocerystoreorwhilewaitingatthecoffeeshop,keepinmindthatitmightbebeneficialtoyourwell-being.(下次當你想在雜貨店排隊或在咖啡店等的時候和陌生人搭訕時，請記住這可能對你的幸福有益)”可知，作者認同這項研究結果，鼓勵大家多和陌生人交談，增加幸福感。故選D項。第二節(jié)：補全短文(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyisEatingColourfulFoodGoodforYou?Mostofusarefacedwiththesamechoicenumeroustimesaday:whattoeat.Alongwithprice,accessibilityandpreference,we’lloftenuseafood’shealthfulnesstohelpusmakeadecision.____16____It’swidelyacceptedbyresearchersthatweneedavarieddiet.____17____TheproofmaybeintheMediterraneandiet,whichcontainsalotoffruit,vegetablesandhealthyfatssuchasextravirginoliveoil,andisfrequentlyratedthehealthiestdietbyscientists.Eatinglotsofcoloursmayloweryourriskofmissingoutonallvitalnutrients.“Ifweremissingacolouroftherainbow,wemaybemissingafunctionofthatfood,”saysMinich.Thisisbecauseplantfoodscontainthousandsofnaturalcompounds,whichhaveanti-inflammatory(抗炎的)benefits.____18____Blueandpurplefoods,includingblueberries,haveahighcontentoftheplantanthocyanin(花青素),whichhasbeenlinkedtoloweringtheriskofheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Flavones(黃酮),whichgivefoodsayellowcolour,mayreducetheriskofheartdisease.ResearchfollowatHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,sayseatingacolourfuldietcanalsohelppeopleavoidpossiblesideeffectsofeatingtoomuchofonefood.“____19____Forexample,researchhasfoundthatorangejuiceisassociatedwithalowerriskofcognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetes,”shesays.Although,thisisbecauseofitssugarcontent,notflavones.Eatingarainbowdietmayalsobecomplex.____20____Wecouldtieourselvesinknots.Wealsoneedtoeatfromotherfoodgroupstogetallthenutrientsweneed,suchasprotein.A.Foodisverycomplex.B.Avarieddietispackedwithdifferentvegetables.C.Itcouldbereallytrickytogeteverycoloureveryday.D.Buthowdoweknowwe’regettingenoughnutrients?E.Differentcolouredfoodscomewithdifferentbenefits.F.However,iscolourthebestguidetogettingallthenutrients?G.Andonewaytodothisisbyeatingallthecoloursoftherainbow.【答案】16.D17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了為什么吃五顏六色的食物對我們的健康有益?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mostofusarefacedwiththesamechoicenumeroustimesaday:whattoeat.Alongwithprice,accessibilityandpreference,we’lloftenuseafood’shealthfulnesstohelpusmakeadecision.”(我們每天都面臨吃什么的選擇。除了價格，是否容易獲得，以及個人喜好外，我們通常會根據(jù)食物是否健康有益來選擇。)可知，接下來作者要介紹如何選擇食物。選項D“但是，我們如何知道我們獲取了足夠的營養(yǎng)呢？”和上文意思一致。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’swidelyacceptedbyresearchersthatweneedavarieddiet.”(研究者們認為我們需要各種各樣的飲食。)可知，這一段指出，我們需要豐富多元的飲食。選項G“做到這的一個方法是通過吃彩虹顏色的食物?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。G項中的this指代了本段第一句中的avarieddiet，實現(xiàn)了照應，而空后句中的proof也照應了本空中提出的一種方案。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Blueandpurplefoods,includingblueberries,haveahighcontentoftheplantanthocyanin(花青素),whichhasbeenlinkedtoloweringtheriskofheartdiseaseandtype2diabetes.Flavones(黃酮),whichgivefoodsayellowcolour,mayreducetheriskofheartdisease.”(藍色和紫色的食物，包括藍莓，含有大量的植物花青素，花青素可以降低患心臟病和2型糖尿病的風險。黃酮類化合物使食物呈現(xiàn)黃色，可降低患心臟病的風險。)可知，本段列舉了藍色、紫色和黃色食物如何對人體有益的例子，故本段的主題句應該陳述不同顏色的食物對人體有不同的好處。選項E“不同顏色的食物有不同的好處。”和下文意思一致。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Forexample,researchhasfoundthatorangejuiceisassociatedwithalowerriskofcognitivedecline,buttoomuchintakeisassociatedwithtype2diabetes,”shesays.Although,thisisbecauseofitssugarcontent,notflavones.”(例如，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，橙汁與認知能力下降的風險較低有關，但攝入過多與2型糖尿病有關,”她說。雖然，這是因為它的糖含量，而不是黃酮。)可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，橙汁可以降低認知能力下降的風險，但是攝入太多會導致二型糖尿病。這說明我們不能用一個標準來衡量食物。選項A“食物是非常復雜的。”和下文意思一致。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Eatingarainbowdietmayalsobecomplex.”(彩虹飲食是復雜的。)和下文“Wealsoneedtoeatfromotherfoodgroupstogetallthenutrientsweneed,suchasprotein.”(我們還需要從其他食物類別中攝取所需的營養(yǎng)素，比如蛋白質。)可知，每天吃遍每一種顏色的食物也是很難辦到的，而且要攝取其他食物中的營養(yǎng)。選項C“要每天都弄到每一種顏色的食物可能很困難。”和上下文意思一致。故選C。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorchallengedustogettoknowsomeonewehadn’talreadyknown.Istooduptolookaroundwhenagentlehand___21___myshoulder.Iturnedaroundtofinda___22___littleelderlyladywithasmilethat___23___herentireexistence.Shesaid,“MynameisRose.I’meighty-sevenyearsold.CanIgiveyoua___24___?”Ilaughedand___25___responded.“Ofcourseyoumay!”Andshegavemeagianthug.Iwaswonderingwhatmighthave___26___hertobetakingonthischallengeatherage.“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mheretogetone!”shetoldme.Webecame___27___friends.Everydayforthenextthreemonthswewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.Iwasalways___28___tolisteningtothis“timemachine”asshesharedher___29___andwisdomwithme.Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampussymbolandshe____30____madefriendswherevershewent.Shelovedtodressupandshewasdelightedtobecomethe____31____ofattention.Shewaslivingherlifetothe____32____.Attheendoftheterm,shewasinvitedto____33____aspeechinwhichI’dneverforgetwhatshetaughtus.Sheclearedher____34____andbegan.“Wecannotstoplearningbecauseweare____35____;wegrowoldbecausewestoplearning.Thereisahuge____36____betweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn’ttakeany____37____orability.Butgrowingupneedstoalwaysfindopportunitiesinconstantchangeswithout____38____.Peoplewhofeargrowingoldarethosewithregrets.”shesaid.Intheend.she____39____herspeechbycourageouslysinging"TheRose".Attheyear’send.Rosefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadwishedallthoseyears.Oneweekafter____40____,Rosepassedawaypeacefullyinhersleep.21.A.touched B.pressed C.caught D.approached22.A.messy B.wrinkled C.forgetful D.clumsy23.A.tookaway B.showedoff C.brokeup D.litup24.A.chance B.gift C.hug D.surprise25.A.slightly B.warmly C.suddenly D.officially26.A.forced B.motivated C.required D.advised27.A.close B.equal C.generous D.strange28.A.scared B.forced C.blessed D.attracted29.A.experience B.pains C.possessions D.burden30.A.slowly B.simply C.easily D.totally31.A.praise B.impression C.focus D.harmony32.A.healthiest B.fullest C.noisiest D.longest33.A.prepare B.deliver C.draft D.discuss34.A.record B.information C.hand D.throat35.A.old B.curious C.ordinary D.responsible36.A.outcome B.outline C.structure D.difference37.A.money B.chance C.talent D.time38.A.excuses B.targets C.regrets D.values39.A.concluded B.spread C.changed D.interrupted40.A.arrival B.work C.class D.graduation【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.C32.B33.B34.D35.A36.D37.C38.C39.A40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和Rose在大學相識，并且感受到了Rose的熱情、活力，不一樣的人生態(tài)度和夢想，這些都深刻的影響了作者?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我站起來向四周看時，一只手輕輕地搭在我的肩上。A.touched觸碰；B.pressed按；壓；C.caught捕捉；D.approached接近。根據(jù)“agentlehand”可知，前后邏輯關系是手輕輕觸碰我的肩膀。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我轉過身來，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個滿臉皺紋的小老太太微笑著看著我，微笑照亮了她的整個存在。A.messy凌亂的；B.wrinkled有皺紋的；C.forgetful健忘的；D.clumsy笨拙的。根據(jù)后文“I’meighty-sevenyearsold.”可知，老奶奶87歲了，因此滿臉皺紋。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我轉過身來，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個滿臉皺紋的小老太太微笑著看著我，微笑照亮了她的整個存在。A.tookaway帶走；B.showedoff炫耀；C.brokeup解散；分手；D.litup照亮。that引導定語從句，指代asmile，根據(jù)下文“Andshegavemeagianthug.”可知，老奶奶很熱情，因此推斷笑容照亮了她的存在。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以給你一個擁抱嗎？A.chance機會；B.gift禮物；C.hug擁抱；D.surprise驚奇。根據(jù)下文“Andshegavemeagianthug.”可知，老奶奶想要給作者一個擁抱。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我大笑然后熱情地回應她。A.slightly輕微地；B.warmly熱烈地；熱心地；C.suddenly突然地；D.officially正式地；官方地。根據(jù)“Ilaughed”可知，作者是很熱心地回應她。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想知道是什么激勵她在這個年紀接受這個挑戰(zhàn)。A.forced迫使；B.motivated激發(fā)；C.required要求；D.advised建議。根據(jù)下文“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI’mgettingone!”可知，作者想知道是什么激勵老奶奶這么高齡接受這樣的挑戰(zhàn)，完成上大學的夢想。故選B。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們成為親密的朋友。A.close親密的；B.equal平等的；C.generous慷慨的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“Everydayforthenextthreemonthswewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.”可知，在接下來的三個月里，每天都要我們一起離開教室，不停地交談。因此我們成了親密的朋友。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當她和我分享她的智慧和經(jīng)驗時，我總是被這個“時間機器”所吸引。A.scared使驚恐；B.forced被迫；C.blessed祝福；D.attracted吸引。根據(jù)上文“talknonstop”可推斷，當老奶奶與作者分享自己的智慧和經(jīng)驗時，作者被她吸引。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當她和我分享她的智慧和經(jīng)驗時，我總是被這個“時間機器”所吸引。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.pains痛苦；C.possessions財產(chǎn)；D.burden負擔。根據(jù)上文的“this“timemachine”可推斷，作者把老奶奶比喻為“時間機器”，因此推斷她與作者分享自己的經(jīng)歷和智慧。故選A。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這一年里，羅斯成為了校園的標志，無論她走到哪里，她都很容易成為朋友。A.slowly慢慢地；B.simply簡單地；C.easily容易地；D.totally完全。根據(jù)上文“Rosebecameacampussymbol”和