上海市靜安區(qū)七一中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年八年級下學(xué)期期中英語試題

/16/16/2021-2022學(xué)年上海市靜安區(qū)七一中學(xué)八年級(下)期中英語試卷一、Choosethebestanswer：(15分)1.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisdifferentinpronunciationfromtheothers?A.amount B.touch C.shouted D.found【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：下面哪個(gè)帶下劃線的部分在發(fā)音上與其他部分不同？考查語音知識。amount、shouted和found劃線字母發(fā)音是[a?]，touch劃線部分發(fā)音是[?]。所以劃線部分發(fā)音與其他單詞不同的是touch。故選B。2.Whathesaidisrightin________way.A.the B.a C.another D.other【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：他說的在某種程度上是對的?？疾榻樵~短語。intheway妨礙；inaway在某種程度上；inanotherway另一方面；inotherway錯(cuò)誤搭配。根據(jù)“Whathesaidisrightin…way”可知，此處指在某種程度上是對的，故選B。3.Everybodyshoulddohisbesttofight________pollution.A.for B.to C.with D.against【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該盡最大努力與污染作斗爭?？疾榻樵~的辨析。fightfor戰(zhàn)斗；fightwith和一起戰(zhàn)斗(奮斗)，用反對；fightagainst和作斗爭，反對，這里指的是和污染作斗爭。故選D。4.Mr.SmithaswellasI________dinnerat6:30p.m.yesterday.A.ishaving B.arehaving C.washaving D.werehaving【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：昨天下午6點(diǎn)30分，我和史密斯先生正在吃晚飯?？疾檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“at6:30p.m.yesterday”可知講述的是某個(gè)過去的具體時(shí)刻，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：was/were+doing。根據(jù)“aswellasI”可知，aswellas表示“和；除……之外（也）”，連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與離它最遠(yuǎn)的主語保持一致，主語Mr.Smith是第三人稱單數(shù)，因此be動(dòng)詞用was。故選C。5.Allhisfriendsencouragedhim________partinthespeakingcompetition.A.take B.taking C.totake D.took【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：他所有的朋友都鼓勵(lì)他參加演講比賽?？疾榉侵^語。encouragesb.todosth.意為“鼓勵(lì)某人做某事”。故選C。6.—________Irepairthefridgenow?—No.You________switchofftheelectricityfirst.A.Must;may B.May;must C.Can;may D.Must;need【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——我現(xiàn)在可以修冰箱嗎？——不。你必須先關(guān)掉電源?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。must必須；may可以；can能；need需要。分析句子可知想表達(dá)“我現(xiàn)可以修冰箱嗎？”應(yīng)用May。分析第二空可知想表達(dá)“你必須先關(guān)掉電源”應(yīng)用must。故選B。7.Iwonderwhatthewomantouristmeans________sayingthattotheoldladyangrily.A.for B.by C.with D.to【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：我想知道這個(gè)女游客氣憤的對那位老人說的那些話是什么意思?？疾榻樵~辨析。for為了；by通過（表示方式）；with和（表示伴隨）；to到、向……。meanby...意為“意思是……”。故選B。8.—________willhebeback?—Inaweek.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften D.Howmany【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——他多久后會(huì)回來？——一周后?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧洹owlong多長；Howsoon多久后；Howoften多久一次；Howmany多少個(gè)。根據(jù)下文“一周后”可知上文提問未來時(shí)間，故選B。9.Shecould________seetheholeinthewallbecauseitwastoodark.A.almost B.nearly C.always D.hardly【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：因?yàn)樘焯诹?，她幾乎不能看見墻上的洞?？疾楦痹~的辨析。almost幾乎；nearly幾乎；always總是；hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)“becauseitwastoodark”可知，應(yīng)該“幾乎不”能看見墻上的洞。故選D。10.Mymumoftenwarnsme________intheriver.A.swim B.toswim C.swimming D.nottoswim【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：我媽媽經(jīng)常警告我不要在河里游泳?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。swim游泳，動(dòng)詞原形；toswim游泳，動(dòng)詞不定式；swimming游泳，動(dòng)名詞；nottoswim不去游泳，動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式。根據(jù)“warnsme”和“intheriver”可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語warnsbnottodo表示“警告某人不要做某事”。故選D。11.Couldyoutellmewhen________?A.thescientistwillarriveB.thescientistwouldarriveC.willthescientistarriveD.wouldthescientistarrive【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：你能告訴我這位科學(xué)家什么時(shí)候到嗎？考查賓語從句。題干“Couldyoudo...?”句型是表有禮貌的請求，并非過去時(shí)態(tài)，因此后面的賓語從句用一般將來時(shí)，排除BD兩項(xiàng)。賓語從句用陳述語序，故選A。12.—Whichcameradoyoulikebetter,thehome-madeortheimported?—________.Thehome-madeistoosmallwhiletheimportedistooexpensive.A.Both B.All C.None D.Neither【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——你更喜歡哪個(gè)相機(jī)，國產(chǎn)的還是進(jìn)口的？——都不喜歡。國產(chǎn)的那個(gè)太小，而進(jìn)口的太貴。考查代詞辨析。Both兩者都；All三者及以上都；None三者及以上都不；Neither兩者都不。根據(jù)“Thehome-madeistoosmallwhiletheimportedistooexpensive.”可知，國產(chǎn)的太小，而進(jìn)口的太貴。可知是說兩者都不喜歡，應(yīng)用不定代詞neither來表示“兩者都不”。故選D。13.Bequiet!Yourbabybrother________now.A.sleeps B.slept C.issleeping D.hasslept【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：安靜！你的小弟弟正在睡覺?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合語境和空后“now”可知此處動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。14.Theroomiscrowdedwithsomanypeopleandyou’dbetterkeepthewindows_______.A.open B.opened C.opens D.opening【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：這個(gè)房間擠滿了那么多的人，你最好讓窗戶開著。keep+賓語+形容詞，意為：使……保持……狀態(tài)。keep+賓語+動(dòng)詞ing，意為“使……一直做……”，賓語和動(dòng)詞ing之間存在著邏輯主謂關(guān)系。該句指windows所處狀態(tài)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】keep用作及物動(dòng)詞常用句型為“keep+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”，意為“使……保持某種狀態(tài)”，可分為以下三種情況：1.keep+賓語+形容詞Pleasekeepthedoorandwindowopen.請把門窗開著。2.keep+賓語+介詞短語Pleasekeepyourhandsbehindyourback.請把手放在背后。3.Keep+賓語+V-ing形式，賓語和Ving之間存在邏輯主謂關(guān)系。Don'tkeepthemworkingdayandnight.不要讓他們不分白天黑夜的工作。15.—Haveagoodday,Linda.—________.Thesametoyou.A.That’sallright. B.Notatall.C.Thankyou. D.Youarewelcome.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——愿你玩得愉快，琳達(dá)。——謝謝你。同樣祝愿給你?？疾榻浑H用語。That’sallright.不客氣，沒關(guān)系；Notatall.沒什么，別客氣；Thankyou.謝謝你；Youarewelcome.不用謝。根據(jù)上文的祝愿，應(yīng)對的答語是感謝。故選C。二、(6分)Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinthebox.A.usedtoB.belongedtoC.thoughD.interestedE.preferredF.wereusedtoG.neverEmilyMasonandGeorgePeterswereneighbours.Theyhavelivednextdoortoeachotheraslongastheycanremember.Whentheywerelittlechildren,they____16____playtogether.Theyweregoodfriends____17____theysometimesfoughtovertoysorquarrelledaboutwhatgametheywouldplay.Astheygrewold,theyplayedtogetherless.Emily____18____tobewithgirls,andGeorgepreferredtoplaywithboys.Whentheywereaboutfifteenyearsold,theyseldomspoketoeachother,notbecausetheyhaddisagreedwitheachotheraboutanything,butjustbecausethey____19____differentgroups.Foronething,Emilywasdevelopingintoaverygoodstudent,whileGeorgewasmore____20____insports.Emilylikedtelevisionprograms,andforsomereasons,sheenjoyedwatchingfootballgamesverymuch.Hermotherusedtosay,“Emily,I’ve____21____heardofagirlwholikesfootballasmuchasyoudo.”MrsMasonsimplydidnotapproveofherdaughter’sinterest.Football,shefelt,wasformenandboys.【答案】16.A17.C18.E19.B20.D21.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了EmilyMason和鄰居GeorgePeters從小一起玩，但是因?yàn)樗麄冇懈髯圆煌纳钊ψ?，因此他們漸漸疏遠(yuǎn)了?！?6題詳解】句意：當(dāng)他們還是小孩子時(shí)候，他們經(jīng)常在一起玩。根據(jù)下文“Theyweregoodfriends”可知，應(yīng)該是小時(shí)候經(jīng)常一起玩。usedtodosth.“過去常常做某事”符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：他們是好朋友，雖然他們有時(shí)會(huì)為了玩具而打架或?yàn)榱送媸裁从螒蚨鵂幊场８鶕?jù)“Theyweregoodfriends”以及“theysometimesfoughtover”可知，前后句意有轉(zhuǎn)折，though“雖然”符合語境。故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：Emily更喜歡和女孩在一起，而George更喜歡和男孩在一起。and表示并列，判斷動(dòng)詞一致,用preferred。故選E。【19題詳解】句意：當(dāng)他們大約十五歲的時(shí)候，他們很少彼此交談，不是因?yàn)樗麄冊谌魏问虑樯嫌蟹制?，而是因?yàn)樗麄儗儆诓煌娜后w。根據(jù)“Emilypreferredtobewithgirls,andGeorgepreferredtoplaywithboys.”可知，Emily更喜歡和女孩一起，而George更喜歡和男孩一起玩，所以推斷兩個(gè)人所屬的群體不同，belongto“屬于”符合語境。故選B。【20題詳解】句意：一方面，Emily正在成長為一個(gè)非常好的學(xué)生，而George則對運(yùn)動(dòng)更感興趣。was為系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語。beinterestedin“對……感興趣”符合語境。故選D?！?1題詳解】句意：Emily，我從沒聽說有哪個(gè)女孩和你一樣喜歡足球。句子不缺少成分，應(yīng)該推斷應(yīng)該填副詞，根據(jù)“agirlwholikesfootballasmuchasyoudo”可知，此處是媽媽拿Emily和其他女孩對比，結(jié)合常識，很少有女孩會(huì)喜歡足球。never“從來沒有”符合語境。故選G。三、Completethesentenceswiththegivenwordsintheirproperforms：(8分)22Treesarethemostancient________thingsintheworld.(live)【答案】living【解析】【詳解】句意：樹木是世界上最古老的生物。live生活,動(dòng)詞。此處填形容詞作定語，livingthings“生物”。故填living。23.Hetookadeep________anddivedintowater.(breathe)【答案】breath【解析】【詳解】句意：他深吸了一口氣，跳入水中。breathe“呼吸”，是動(dòng)詞，breath“呼吸”，是名詞，有不定冠詞a修飾，用單數(shù)名詞，故填breath。24.It’s________foryoutofeelnervouswhenyouhaveanimportantexam.(nature)【答案】natural【解析】【詳解】句意：當(dāng)你有一場重要的考試時(shí),感到緊張是很自然的。此處作be動(dòng)詞的表語用形容詞natural“自然的”。故填natural。25.He________stoodasideandlettheladygothroughthedoorwayfirst.(polite)【答案】politely【解析】【詳解】句意：他禮貌地站到一邊，讓那位女士先穿過門口。polite“有禮貌的”，是形容詞，此處修飾動(dòng)詞短語stoodaside，用副詞politely“有禮貌地”，故填politely。26.Asakindergartenteacher,youmustn’tbeso________withthechildren.(patient)【答案】impatient【解析】【詳解】句意：作為一名幼兒園教師，你不能對孩子們?nèi)绱瞬荒蜔?。根?jù)句意理解可知，這里表達(dá)的是“不耐煩的”，而所給的詞patient是指“耐心的”，所以這里要變成反義詞，patient的反義詞需要在前面加im，在這里構(gòu)成beimpatientwithsb，是一個(gè)固定短語，故答案為impatient?！军c(diǎn)睛】英語中用所給詞的正確形式填空這類題是考學(xué)生綜合能力的題目，有對詞匯的理解，對整個(gè)句子的理解，對時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的運(yùn)用，非謂語的應(yīng)用，對固定搭配的運(yùn)用，固定搭配短語平時(shí)一定要牢記，比如本題中確定這里要填一個(gè)形容詞，而所給的詞就是一個(gè)形容詞，再由句意理解可以知道，這里應(yīng)該用的是反義詞。27.Tomwonaprizeforhisgood________atschool.(behave)【答案】behavior【解析】【詳解】句意：湯姆因在學(xué)校的良好行為而獲獎(jiǎng)。behave表現(xiàn)，動(dòng)詞。這里形容詞good修飾名詞，behave的名詞形式是behavior，意為“行為”，是不可數(shù)名詞。故填behavior。28.Waterwillbeturnedintoicein________weather.(freeze)【答案】freezing【解析】【詳解】句意：在寒冷的天氣里，水會(huì)變成冰。此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，freeze“結(jié)冰”，動(dòng)詞，其形容詞freezing“極冷的”符合語境，故填freezing。29.What’syour________forbeinglate?(explain)【答案】explanation【解析】【詳解】句意：你對遲到有什么解釋？形容詞性物主代詞your后加名詞，explain是動(dòng)詞，意為“解釋”，其名詞形式英文表達(dá)是explanation。句子中be動(dòng)詞是is，所以名詞用單數(shù)。故填explanation。四、Rewritethefollowingsentencesasrequired：(12分)30.BennyhastrickedDaisyatlast.(改為一般疑問句)________Benny________Daisyatlast?【答案】①.Has②.tricked【解析】【詳解】句意：本尼最后欺騙了黛西。此處改為一般疑問句，根據(jù)“hastricked”可知，此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此把助動(dòng)詞has提前，位于句首，后面謂語用過去分詞tricked，故填Has；tricked。31.Theymeetanddiscusstheprogressmonthly.（劃線部分提問）________dotheymeetanddiscusstheprogress?【答案】Howoften【解析】【詳解】句意：他們每月開會(huì)討論進(jìn)展情況。劃線部分“monthly”表示頻率，應(yīng)用howoften來提問，位于句首，首字母要大寫。故填Howoften。32Peopleplantmoretreestohelpprotecttheenvironment．(對劃線部分提問)________________peopleplantmoretrees?【答案】①.Why②.do【解析】【詳解】句意：人們種植更多的樹來幫助保護(hù)環(huán)境。劃線部分的意思是“為了幫助保護(hù)環(huán)境”，此處是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的，用“why”提問。時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語people是復(fù)數(shù)，所以用助動(dòng)詞do。故填Why；do。33.“I’llreturnthebooktoTimassoonaspossible.”saidJack.(改成賓語從句)Jacksaid________________returnthebooktoTimassoonaspossible.【答案】①.he②.would【解析】【詳解】句意：“我會(huì)盡快把書還給蒂姆?！苯芸苏f。這是一個(gè)直接引語，變成賓語從句，含義為：“杰克說他盡快把書還給蒂姆。”所以賓語從句的主語是he“他”；又因主句是一般過去時(shí)，所以從句應(yīng)用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，will要變?yōu)閣ould。故填he；would。34.Thestudentsarediscussinghowtheycanstoppeoplefrompollutingtheundergroundwater.(改為簡單句)Thestudentsarediscussing________stoppeoplefrompollutingtheundergroundwater.【答案】howto【解析】【詳解】句意：學(xué)生們正在討論他們?nèi)绾巫柚谷藗兾廴镜叵滤?。how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可改為“how+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，故填howto。35.you,theclassroom,thelights,when,turnoff,leave(連詞成句)________________【答案】Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)所給單詞，可知此句是帶有時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句，主句是祈使句。主句謂語turnoff，賓語thelights，從句用when引導(dǎo)，從句主語是you，謂語是leave，賓語是theclassroom。故填Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.當(dāng)你離開教室時(shí)把燈關(guān)掉。五、Part3Reading(第三部分閱讀)(共42分)A.Choosethebestanswer：(6分)Morethan50,000,000peopleliveintherainforestsoftheworldandmostofthemdonothurttheforesttheylivein.Theyeatthefruitsthatgrowontheforesttrees,buttheydonotcutthemdown.Theykillsomeanimalstoeat,buttheydonotdestroythem.Whenwecutdowntherainforests,wedestroytheseforestpeople,too.In1900,therewere1,000,000forestpeopleintheAmazonforest.In1980,therewereonly200,000.TheYanomamilivealongtheriversoftherainforestinthenorthofBrazil.Theyhavelivedintherainforestforabout10,000yearsandtheyusemorethan2,000differentplantsforfoodandformedicine.Butin1988,someonefoundgoldintheirforest,andsuddenly45,000peoplecametotheforestandbeganlookingforgold.Theycutdowntheforesttomakeroads.Theymademorethanahundredairports.TheYanomamipeoplelostlandandfood.Manydiedbecausenewdiseasescametotheforestwiththestrangers.TheYanomamipeopletriedtosavetheirforest,becauseitwastheirhome.Butthepeoplewhowantedgoldwerestronger.Manyforestpeopletrytosavetheirforests.ChicoMendeswasfamousinBrazilbecausehewantedtokeeptheforestforhispeople.InDecember1988,peoplewhowantedtocutdowntheforestkilledChicoMendes.InBorneo,peoplewerecuttingdowntheforestofthePenanpeopletosellthewood.ThePenanpeopletriedtosavetheirrainforest.Theymadeblockades(障礙物)acrosstheroadsintotheforest.In1987,theyclosedfifteenroadsforeightmonths.Noonecutdownanytreesduringthattime.36.Howmanypeopleliveintherainforestsoftheworld?A.Morethanfivemillion.B.Morethanfiftymillion.C.Morethanfivehundredmillion.D.Morethanfiftythousand.37.ThenumberofthepeoplelivingintheAmazonforestin1980was________ofthatin1900.A.half B.one-third C.two-fifths D.one-fifth38.Thepeoplewho________havedestroyedtherainforestoftheYanomami.A.pickfruitsandkillanimalstoeatB.useplantsforfoodandmedicineC.havelivedthereforabouttenthousandyearsD.maderoadsandairports39.Thosepeoplemaderoadsandairportsinorderto________.A.carryawaythegoldconvenientlyB.makepeoplethereliveabetterlifeC.stopspreadingthenewdiseasesD.developthetourismthere40.WhichofthefollowingisWRONG?A.ThePenanpeopleclosed15roadswithblockadestosavetheirforest.B.ThePenanpeoplewerecuttingdownthetreestosellthewood.C.ThePenanpeopledidn’twantotherpeopletodestroytheirforest.D.Thosewhowantedtocutdownthetreeswerestoppedbytheroadblockades.41.Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.A.weneedwoodtobuildhouses,sowehavetocutdowntreesB.therainforestpeoplehavedonesomethingtoprotecttheirhomeC.tohumans,goldismoreimportantthantreesD.wemustn’tcutdownanytreesorkillanyanimals【答案】36.B37.D38.D39.A40.B41.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了人們對熱帶雨林和森林的破壞，以及當(dāng)?shù)厝藢λ鼈兊谋Ｗo(hù)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Morethan50,000,000peopleliveintherainforestsoftheworld”可知世界上有5000多萬人生活在熱帶雨林中。故選B。【37題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1900,therewere1,000,000forestpeopleintheAmazonforest.In1980,therewereonly200,000.”可知1980年的亞馬遜森林居民是1900年的五分之一。故選D?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butin1988,someonefoundgoldintheirforest,andsuddenly45,000peoplecametotheforestandbeganlookingforgold.Theycutdowntheforesttomakeroads.Theymademorethanahundredairports.TheYanomamipeoplelostlandandfood.”（但在1988年，有人在他們的森林里發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，突然有45000人來到森林里開始尋找黃金。他們砍伐森林筑路。他們建造了100多個(gè)機(jī)場。亞諾馬米人失去了土地和食物。）可知亞諾馬米被建造道路和機(jī)場的人毀壞。故選D。【39題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Butin1988,someonefoundgoldintheirforest,andsuddenly45,000peoplecametotheforestandbeganlookingforgold.Theycutdowntheforesttomakeroads.Theymademorethanahundredairports.”（但在1988年,有人在他們的森林里發(fā)現(xiàn)了黃金，突然有45000人來到森林里開始尋找黃金。他們砍伐森林筑路。他們建造了100多個(gè)機(jī)場。）可推斷他們建造道路和飛機(jī)場是為了方便運(yùn)黃金。故選A。【40題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InBorneo,peoplewerecuttingdowntheforestofthePenanpeopletosellthewood.ThePenanpeopletriedtosavetheirrainforest.Theymadeblockades(障礙物)acrosstheroadsintotheforest.In1987,theyclosedfifteenroadsforeightmonths.Noonecutdownanytreesduringthattime.”（在婆羅洲，人們砍伐柏南人的森林來出售木材。柏南人試圖拯救他們的雨林。他們在通往森林的道路上設(shè)置了路障。1987年，他們在八個(gè)月之內(nèi)關(guān)閉了15條道路。那段時(shí)間沒有人砍樹。）可知B選項(xiàng)“柏南人正在砍伐樹木以出售木材?！卞e(cuò)誤。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Manyforestpeopletrytosavetheirforests”（許多森林人試圖拯救他們的森林）以及“ThePenanpeopletriedtosavetheirrainforest.”（柏南人試圖拯救他們的雨林）可推斷當(dāng)?shù)厝俗隽艘恍┦虑橐员Ｗo(hù)森林。故選B。B.Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage：(12分)Howwouldyouusearadiooratelephoneifyouhadnoelectricityorbatteries?These____42____botheredBritishinventorTrevorBaylis.Soin1996he____43____awind-up（裝有發(fā)條的）radio.Itdoesn’tneedelectricityorbatteries.Youwinditup____44____hand.Itplaysforaboutanhour.Then,youwinditupagain.Thenin1999,Baylisinventedamobiletelephonethatispoweredbyshoes.Theshoes____45____asmallbatterythatispoweredwhenyouwalk.Thisbatteryisconnectedtoamobilephone.Thesetwosimpleinventionscanbringmodern____46____toallpartsoftheworld.Baylisdoesn’thaveauniversitydegreeinengineering.Infact,helefthighschoolbeforegraduating.Hejustlovesmakingthingstohelppeople.Heneverknows____47____ideaswillcometohim.Theideaforthetelephonecametohiminadream.42.A.dreams B.problems C.inventions D.wishes43.A.invented B.improved C.borrowed D.copied44.A.in B.at C.on D.by45.A.call B.convenient C.contain D.complain46.A.communications B.exhibitions C.suggestions D.instructions47.A.what B.while C.unless D.when【答案】42.B43.A44.D45.C46.A47.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了英國發(fā)明家TrevorBaylis發(fā)明了不同的發(fā)電方式來解決沒有電的問題?！?2題詳解】句意：這些問題困擾著英國發(fā)明家特雷弗?貝利斯。dreams夢想；problems問題；inventions發(fā)明；wishes希望。根據(jù)上一句“Howwouldyouusearadiooratelephoneifyouhadnoelectricityorbatteries?”可知，在沒有電源或電池的情況下，怎樣使用收音機(jī)或手機(jī)?，這些是使英國發(fā)明家特雷弗?貝利斯感到煩惱的問題。故選B。【43題詳解】句意：因此在1996年，他發(fā)明了一臺(tái)裝有發(fā)條的收音機(jī)。invented發(fā)明；improved改善，提高；borrowed借入；copied拷貝，復(fù)制。根據(jù)“awind-up（裝有發(fā)條的）radio”可知這個(gè)帶發(fā)條的收音機(jī)是英國發(fā)明家特雷弗?貝利斯發(fā)明的。故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：你手動(dòng)為它上發(fā)條。in在……里面；at在……（地點(diǎn)、時(shí)刻等）；on在……上面；by用……方式。根據(jù)“hand”可知此處用byhand表示“用手動(dòng)的方式”。故選D?！?5題詳解】句意：鞋子里有一個(gè)小電池，當(dāng)你走路的時(shí)候，它會(huì)通電。call稱呼；convenient方便的；contain包含；complain抱怨。根據(jù)“asmallbattery”可知是鞋里包含一塊小電池。故選C。【46題詳解】句意：這兩項(xiàng)簡單的發(fā)明給世界各地帶來了現(xiàn)代的交流。communications交流；exhibitions展覽；suggestions建議；instructions用法說明。根據(jù)上文提到的“awind-up（裝有發(fā)條的）radio”和“amobiletelephonethatispoweredbyshoes”可知，收音機(jī)和手機(jī)都是跟交流和通訊有關(guān)的。故選A?！?7題詳解】句意：他從不知道他要發(fā)明的物品的靈感什么時(shí)候會(huì)來到他的頭腦中。what什么；while與此同時(shí)；unless除非；when什么時(shí)候。根據(jù)下一句“Theideaforthetelephonecametohiminadream.”可知他是在夢中想到了跟電話有關(guān)的想法的，可推斷此處表示這些靈感不知道何時(shí)會(huì)來。故選D。C.(14分)Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.Howdoyoulightupthenightsky?Theanswerisbyusingelectricity.Butdidyouknowthatnaturecanglow,too?Scientistshavefoundmanyglowingcreatures.Mostofthemliveintheocean.Someusetheirlightstotalktoeachother.O____48____usethemtohuntortoprotectthemselves.Scientistsaroundtheworldarelookingatthiskindoflightfornewi____49____.In2013,theUScompanyGleauxsaidithadcreatedtheworld’sfirstlight-producingplant.Itisagenetically-modified(轉(zhuǎn)基因的)plant.Itcanglowlikeafirefly.Alexander,thecompany’sfounder,andotherscientistshopethatinthefuture,glowingplantscouldr____50____lampsandglowingtreescouldlinehighways.Krichevskya____51____hopesthetechnologycouldbeusedinfarming.Farmerscouldknowwhentheircropsneedwaterorarereadytobepickediftheyglow.WhileGleauxisworkingo____52____glowingplants,theFrenchcompanyGloweeistryingtouseglowingbacteria(細(xì)菌)tolightupshopwindowsandstreetsigns.“Ourgoalistolearnthewaywep____53____anduselight,”saidGlowee.“Wewanttohelpreducethe19percentofe____54____consumption(消耗量)thatisusedtoproducelight.”【答案】48.(O)thers49.(i)deas50.(r)eplace51.(a)lso52.(o)n53.(p)roduce54.(e)lectricity【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了人們正在想辦法把發(fā)光的動(dòng)物，植物和細(xì)菌用于農(nóng)業(yè)和生活中，這樣我們就能改變產(chǎn)生電和使用光的方法?！?8題詳解】句意：有些則用它們來捕獵或保護(hù)自己。根據(jù)“Someusetheirlightstotalktoeachother.”和首字母o，可知空處應(yīng)是other，some...others...表示“一些……，另一些……”。故填(O)thers?！?9題詳解】句意：世界各地的科學(xué)家都在研究這種光，尋找新的想法。結(jié)合下文，可知科學(xué)家們想利用這種光，結(jié)合首字母i可確定空處為idea，空前沒有不定冠詞，因此應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填(i)deas。【50題詳解】句意：這家公司的創(chuàng)始人Alexander和其他科學(xué)家希望在未來，發(fā)光的植物能替代燈并排列在高速公路上。根據(jù)句意和首字母r，可知空處應(yīng)為replace表示“代替”，在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could之后應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形。故填(r)eplace?！?1題詳解】句意：Krichevsky還希望這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能用于農(nóng)業(yè)。根據(jù)語境，上文提到了發(fā)光植物用來替代燈，下文談到了發(fā)光植物用在農(nóng)業(yè)中，結(jié)合首字母a，也推斷空處為also，表示“也”。故填(a)lso?！?2題詳解】句意：當(dāng)Gleaux從事于研究發(fā)光植物時(shí)，法國公司Glowee正試圖用發(fā)光細(xì)菌照亮商店的櫥窗和街道。結(jié)合語境和首字母o，可確定空處為on，詞組workon表示“從事于，繼續(xù)工作”。故填(o)n?！?3題詳解】句意：我們的目標(biāo)是學(xué)習(xí)我們產(chǎn)生光和使用光的方法。句中and為并列連詞，空處應(yīng)和use保持一致，為動(dòng)詞原形，結(jié)合首字母p和語境，可確定空處為produce，表示“生產(chǎn)”。故填(p)roduce。【54題詳解】句意：我們想減少用于照明的19%耗電量。結(jié)合語境，可知Glowee想要減少用電量，結(jié)合首字母e可確定空處為electricity，表示“電”。故填(e)lectricity。D.(10分)Answerthequestions：EachyearseveralthousandpeoplearekilledontheroadinGreatBritain.Everyyearbetweenoneandtwohundredthousandpeopleareinjured,orkilledinroadaccidents.IfyouareinEnglandandifyoulistentotheeighto’clocknewsfromBBC,youwilloftenhearnewsofroadaccidents.Youmayhearsomethinglikethis:“OnlastMondayevening,atabouttwentyminutestoten,acyclistwasknockeddownbyatruckatcrossingofOakRoadandHighStreetinCroydon.Thecyclisthaddiedfromhisinjuries.AnyonewhosawtheaccidentpleasecommunicatewithNewScotlandYard,telephonenumberWhitehallone,two,one,two.”Accidentsareoftencausedbycarelessness.Ifeverybodyobeystherules,theroadswillbemuchsafer.Howcanwemaketheroadsafer?InGreatBritaintraffickeepsontotheleft.Motor-cars,trucks,busesandcyclistsmustallkeeptotheleftsideoftheroad.Inmostothercountriestraffickeepstotherig