第二冊(cè)課件80共8個(gè)樣品nce2lesson

Lesson80ThecristalpalaceVocabularyNoun.palaceexhibitionironmachinerydisplaysteamhammerprofitmuseumscollegeOthers.perhapsextraordinaryvariousPalace宮殿n.Perhapsthemostextraordinarybuildingofthenineteenthcentury19世紀(jì)最不尋常的建筑wastheCrystalPalace,也許要數(shù)水晶宮了。whichwasbuiltinHydeParkfortheGreatExhibitionsof1851.它是為1851年的“世界博覽會(huì)”而建在海德公園的TheQueenofEnglandlivesinBuckinghamPalace.英國(guó)女王住在白金漢宮。Thisisaluxuriouspalace.這是一座豪華的宮殿。Extraordinary

不平常的，非凡的adj.Hehasanextraordinarymemory.他的記憶力驚人。20thcenturywitnessedextraordinarymedicaladvances.20世紀(jì)的醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展非同一般。Exhibition

展覽n.Thepaintingwastheshowstopproftheexhibition.這幅畫(huà)在所有展品中特別引入注目。Theyheldanexhibitiononhi-techproducts.他們舉辦了一個(gè)高科技產(chǎn)品的展覽。Iron鐵n.TheCrystalPalacewasdifferentfromallotherbuildingintheworld,這座水晶宮不同于世界上所有的其他建筑。foritwasmadeofironandglass.因?yàn)樗怯娩摵筒ＡЫǔ傻摹hinaexportedcrudeiron.中國(guó)出口生鐵。Strikewhiletheironishot.打鐵要趁熱。Various各種各樣的Agreatmanygoodsweresenttotheexhibitionfromvariouspartsoftheworld.大量的商品從世界各地運(yùn)送到了博覽會(huì)。Thevasesareofvariousshapes.這些花瓶的形狀各式各樣。Variousarticlesareondisplay.展出的有各種各樣的物品。Display展覽n.AflowerdisplayisheldeveryyearintheZhongshanPark.中山公園每年舉辦花展。Themodernfurniturewasondisplayintheshopwindow.現(xiàn)代化的家具陳列在商店的櫥窗里。Steam蒸汽n.ThemostwonderfulpieceofmachineryonshowwasNasmyth'ssteamhammer.其中最奇妙的是內(nèi)史密斯的蒸汽錘。Whoinventedsteamengine?誰(shuí)發(fā)明的蒸汽機(jī)？Hisglasseswerecoveredwithafilmofsteam.他的眼鏡蒙上了一層薄薄的水汽。Machine機(jī)器Therewasalsoagreatdealofmachineryondisplay.參展的還有很多機(jī)器。Thisisawonderfulpieceofmachinery.這是一臺(tái)極好的機(jī)器。AlotofnewmachinerywasimportedfromAmerica.一大批新機(jī)器是從美國(guó)進(jìn)口的。Profit

利潤(rùn)n.Thereweresixmillionvisitosinall,參觀的人數(shù)總共是600萬(wàn)，andtheprofitsfromtheexhibition博覽會(huì)的贏利用來(lái)wereusedtobuildmuseumsandcolleges.建造博物館和高等學(xué)校。Thisisaprofit-makinginvestment.這是一項(xiàng)贏利的投資。Theyincreasedprofitsbycuttingdownthecost.他們通過(guò)削減成本增加了贏利。College

學(xué)院n.Hestudiesatamedicalcollege.他在醫(yī)學(xué)院上學(xué)。Shewenttocollegelastyear.她去年上的大學(xué)。QstothetextWherewastheCrystalPalacebuiltandforwhatpurpose?WhatmadetheCrystalPalacedifferentfromallotherbuildingsintheworld?HowmanyvisitorscametotheGreatExhibition?WhathappenedtotheCrystalPalacelater?1.PerhapsthemostextraordinarybuildingofthenineteenthcenturywastheCristalPalacewhichwasbuiltinHydeParkfortheGreatExhibitionof1851.

HydePark:海德公園：倫敦中西部的一個(gè)大公園，以其中眾多的自由演說(shuō)者而聞名

句型分析:這是一個(gè)非限定性關(guān)系從句，修飾逗號(hào)前的theCrystalPalace；這個(gè)從句如果去掉并不影響主句的意思。(2)bebuiltfor為...而建，

(3)GreatExhibition=World'sfair世界博覽會(huì)

fair可以指展覽會(huì)

所以abookfair就是書(shū)展2、TheCrystalPalacewasdifferentfromallotherbuildingsintheworld,foritwasmadeofironandglass.

bedifferentfrom:與...不同

bemadeof:由...構(gòu)成3、Itwasoneofthebiggestbuildingsofalltimeandalotofpeoplefrommanycontriescametoseeit.ofalltime表示"有史以來(lái)"、"空前的"，常與形容詞的最高級(jí)連用，表示范圍

oneof+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)氣比直接用形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)要緩和些，不那么絕對(duì)4、Agreatmanygoodsweresenttotheexhibitionfromvariouspartsoftheworld.

agreatmany:數(shù)目非常巨大5、Therewasalsoagreatdealofmachineryondisplay.ThemostwonderfulpieceofmachineryonshowwasNasmyth’ssteamhammer.ondisplay/onshow:展出的；在句子中可以作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等

machinery："機(jī)器"、"機(jī)械裝置"的總稱(chēng)，是集合名詞，要與單數(shù)動(dòng)詞搭配。某個(gè)具體的機(jī)器可用machine或者apieceofmachinery來(lái)表示另外還有幾個(gè)類(lèi)似關(guān)于on的短語(yǔ)：

onbusiness因公出差

onfoot步行

onduty值班

onpurpose故意

onfire著火

onthewhole總體來(lái)說(shuō)

onanyaccount無(wú)論如何

ontheaverage平均

onsecondthoughts經(jīng)過(guò)進(jìn)一步考慮

6、Thoughinthosedays,travellingwasnotaseasyasitis

today,steamboatscarriedthousandsofvisitorsacrosstheChannelfromEurope.

句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成：=Inthosedays,travellingwasnotaseasyasitis

today,butsteamboatscarriedthousandsofvisitorsacrosstheChannelfromEurope.

though:引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，though是表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，接近漢語(yǔ)中的"雖然"，不和but連用7、OnarrivinginEngland,theyweretakentotheCrystalPalacebytrain.

on+v.ing:相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示"一...就..."

=SoonaftertheyarrivedinEngland,theyweretakentotheCrystalPalacebytrain.

重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

CrystalPalace水晶宮

GreatExhibition世界博覽會(huì)

ofalltime空前的

agreatmany許多

ondisplay/onshow展出

getprofitfrom從中獲利

burndown燒掉

SummaryTheCrystalPalace,whichwasbuiltfortheGreatExhibitionof1851,wasdifferentfromotherbuildingsbecauseitwasmadeofironandglass.Goodsfromvariouspartsoftheworldwereondisplayaswellasagreatdealofmachinery.Somanyvisitorscamebyboatandtrainthatitwaspossibletobuildcollegesandmuseumsfromtheprofits.Aftertheexhibition,theCrystalPalacewasmovedtoSouthLondon,whereitremaineduntilitwasburntdownin1936.KeyStructure–thebest&theworst單音節(jié)詞、一部分的雙音節(jié)詞：詞尾加后綴er或est構(gòu)成其比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)longlongerlongestlatelaterlatestbigbiggerbiggesthappyhappierhappiestthemostextraordinarybuildingofthenineteenthcenturyoneofthebiggestbuildingsofalltimethemostwonderfulpieceofmachineryonshowoneofthemostfamousbuildingsintheworldKeyStructure–thebest&theworstKeyStructure–thebest&theworst多音節(jié)詞、另一部分雙音節(jié)詞：在adj./adv.前加more或most構(gòu)成beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifulinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultoftenmoreoftenmostoftenKeyStructure–thebest&theworstgoodbetterbestbadworseworstmanymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容詞：是修飾名詞（人或事物），表示名詞的性質(zhì)，特征或?qū)傩砸环N詞類(lèi)。它在句中作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。副詞：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞及其他副詞的詞叫副詞。副詞在句中多作狀語(yǔ).

一、形容詞和副詞的概念

①形容詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。如:

anew

book,two

bigtrees

等。二、形容詞和副詞的用法②形容詞放在系動(dòng)詞be、look、get、keep、turn、feel、e、seem、grow、smell等之后。如:1.Iamshort.2.Shelooksfine.3.Theyturngreen.③如果形容詞修飾不定代詞something,anything,everything,nothing等時(shí)，要放在不定代詞后面。如:somethinginterestingnothingnew④副詞放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后、形容詞和副詞之前。如果前面是行為動(dòng)詞，則后面用副詞。如:1.Sheworkshard.（修飾動(dòng)詞）2.Iamverybusy.（修飾形容詞）3.Herunstooquickly.（修飾副詞）4.Weplayhappily.（修飾動(dòng)詞）⑤通常在形容詞后加-ly變成副詞。slow→______real→______usual→______careful→______easy→______happy→______heavy→______angry→______slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrilybigbigger

Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看圖并理解

Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看圖并理解bigbiggerbiggestfast

Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看圖并理解fastfaster

Lookatthepicturesandunderstand看圖并理解fastfasterfastest

Lookatthepictures

andunderstand

看圖并理解三、形容詞和副詞的級(jí)形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)：

原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)1.原級(jí)：即形容詞和副詞的原形。

small,good,pretty,big,manyhard,happily,slowly,quickly

①程度副詞very,too,so,quite等修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)。如：verytall、toohot、socoldquiteinteresting

run

quickly

②

as…as,(與…一樣）notas（so)…as（與…不一樣）中間用原級(jí)。Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.2.比較級(jí)：兩個(gè)人或物之間的比較。表示“較……”或“更……一些”。標(biāo)志詞：than(比）

單音節(jié)詞通常是-er結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加more.

如:smaller,better,taller,older,more,harder

moreinteresting,morequickly3.最高級(jí)：三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物之間的比較。

標(biāo)志詞：in+大范圍,ofall,of+the+具體的數(shù)字

表示“最……”的意思。（兩者以上用最高級(jí)）

單音節(jié)詞通常是-est結(jié)尾；多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)詞通常在之前加most.在形容詞的最高級(jí)前必須加the;副詞之前可以不加。如：smallest,tallest,newest,best

mostinteresting,mostdifficultly構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)多音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加-er/?/或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞，加-r或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest重讀閉音節(jié)詞只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，應(yīng)先雙寫(xiě)輔音字母；再加-es或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先改“+y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，先改“y”為“i”,再加-er或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mosttiredmoretiredmosttiredeasilymoreeasilymosteasily單音節(jié)和少數(shù)多音節(jié)的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則和不規(guī)則。變化如下：

不規(guī)則變化，要多加注意哦！good→→bad→→many→→little→→well→→badly→→much→

→

far→→betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastbetterbestfartherfarthestworseworstmoremostimportant

_______________________________

easy______________________________________wet_______________________________________happy____________________________________careful__________________________________thin___________________________________good____________________________________hot______________________________________easily____________________________________many____________________________________nice____________________________________big_____________________________________heavy__________________________________delicious________________________________much____________________________________給出下列詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

moreimportantmostimportanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmorecarefulmostcarefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmoreeasilymosteasilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheaviestmoredeliciousmostdeliciousmoremostMoreexamples:1.Maryiscleverer

thanherlittlesister.2.Thenewbuildingishigher

thantheoldone.3.Hisshirtismoreexpensive

than

mine.4.Kateismorebeautiful

thanLilyis.

5.Sheisfiveyearsolder

thanIam.6.Heis2centimeterstaller

than

her.7.Thisruleris20centimeterslonger

thanthatone.比較級(jí)的用法：…than…1.湯姆比杰克高.

2.這只箱子要比那只箱子大.

3.那些蘋(píng)果比這些大.

4.第一個(gè)問(wèn)題很容易,但第二個(gè)更容易.TomistallerthanJack.Thisboxisbiggerthanthatone.Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.Thefirstquestionisveryeasy,butthesecondoneiseasier.形容詞最高級(jí)的用法 (…in…;…of…) 那個(gè)短發(fā)的女孩是我們班最高的. 今天是一年中最熱的一天. 他的房間是三個(gè)中最干凈的一個(gè). 上海是中國(guó)最大的城市.Thegirlwithredhairisthetallestinourclass.Todayisthehottestdayoftheyear.Hisroomisthecleanestofthethree.ShanghaiisthelargestinChina.(2)數(shù)量的比較1.我的筆比你的多.2.我喝的茶比他多.3.他吃的飯比我少.4.一班的學(xué)生比二班多.Ihavemorepensthanyou(do).Idrinkmoreteathanhe(does).HehaslessricethanI(do).TherearemorestudentsinClass1thaninClass2.注意1.Thenewbuildingishigherthantheoldone.Thoseapplesarebiggerthantheseones.2.Hisshirtismoreexpensivethan

mine.如果主語(yǔ)是物主代詞+名詞，那么后面要用名詞性物主代詞。比較級(jí)必須在同類(lèi)中進(jìn)行，即人與人比，物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語(yǔ)要對(duì)稱(chēng)，特別注意在than或as之后不要漏掉可能出現(xiàn)的替代詞that,those,one,ones.注意5.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcities

intheworld.oneof+the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Which/Who…+比較級(jí)，AorB?Which/Who…+最高級(jí)，A，BorC?6.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Whoisthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom

Whichlanguageis____,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficultC注意5.Thecityisoneofthemostbeautifulcities

intheworld.oneof+the+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞

Which/Who…+比較級(jí)，AorB?Which/Who…+最高級(jí)，A，BorC?6.Whoisolder,JimorTom?Whoisthetallest,Jim,MikeorTom

Whichlanguageis____,English,FrenchorChinese?A.difficultB.moredifficultC.themostdifficultC注意7.Maryisthetallestofallthesistersinthefamily.在使用形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)，一定要把自己包括在比較的范圍內(nèi)。8.ThisisthethirdlargestcityinChina.當(dāng)表示“第二，第三”等意思時(shí)，經(jīng)常在最高級(jí)的前面加second,third,等詞。

9.It’sourlargestmachineinourfactory.當(dāng)最高級(jí)前有物主代詞修飾時(shí)，其前不加定冠詞the.雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的特殊情況：1、一般是在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，在原級(jí)前加most構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。

beautiful–morebeautiful–mostbeautifulinteresting–moreinteresting–mostinterestingdangerous–moredangerous–mostdangerous

2、某些單音節(jié)形容詞，加more,most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。

glad–moreglad–mostgladpleased–morepleased–mostpleasedtired–moretired–mosttiredoften-moreoften-mostoften3、表示在兩者之間相差的程度用“具體數(shù)字+比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象”。eg:Theroadistwometreslongerthanthatone.這條公路比那條公路長(zhǎng)兩米。Thispencilisfourinchesshorterthanthatone.這只鉛筆比那只鉛筆短四英寸。4、有些雙音節(jié)和單音節(jié)形容詞，既可以加er或est構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，也可以加more和most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。

friendlyhugecalmfreetrueclever5、形容詞原級(jí)的比較。

形容詞的原級(jí)與as……as連用表示肯定意思，是“和……一樣”的意思；與notas/so……as連用表示否定意義，是“不如”或“不一樣”的含義。Sheisasprettyashermother.Thebookisasnewasthatone.Thestoryisasinterestingasthatone.Thequestionisnotas/sodifficultasthatone.Mybikeisnotas/sogoodasyours.6、形容詞比較級(jí)的修飾。比較級(jí)前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，alittle(……一點(diǎn))，abit(一點(diǎn))，alot(大量)，still(還，還要)等詞語(yǔ)表示不定程度或數(shù)量。eg:Iamevenlesslucky.Sheisfarbetterthanmeatwriting.Thispenismuchbetterthanthatone.TomisalittleshorterthanhisfriendJim.7.形容詞的比較級(jí)+and+形容詞的比較級(jí)（前后形容詞是同一個(gè)）越來(lái)越……Sheisingthinnerandthinner.Ourcountryisingricherandricher.Therearemoreandmorestudentsinourschool.Livingintheworldisingmoreandmoredifficult.8、the+形容詞的比較級(jí)+……+the+形容詞的比較級(jí)

表示“越……，就越……”Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.Theharderyoustudy,themoreyouwillget.Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcost.Thesooner,thebetter.9、the+形容詞比較級(jí)+of短語(yǔ)

兩者中比較……的一個(gè)Sheistheprettierofthetwogirls.Thebikeistheolderofthetwo.Hisisthetallerofthetwo.Thisoneisthemorebeautifulofthethetwopicture.10.表示“……是……的幾倍”，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)，或者“倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg:Thisclassroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Thisclassroomistwicebiggerthanthatone.MakeComparisonsWritedownthecomparativesandthesuperlativesofthesewords

big nice long new cheap young late safe thirstyheavy easy hard high few old thin expensive interesting carefully quickly good bad little far many/muchFollowups(隨堂練習(xí))1、---MrZhou,allofthestudentsinourgroup,wholives____?---IthinkLiLeidoes.

A.fatB.fatherC.farthestD.farest2、TheChangjiangRiveris____thananyotherriverinChina.A.shorterB.longerC.shortestD.longest3、Bobneverdosehishomework____Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas4、____sheis,____shefeels.A.Themorebusy,themorehappyB.Thebusy,thehappyC.Busier,happierD.Thebusier,thehappier5、Theweatherisgettingw____a__w____.(越來(lái)越糟糕)CBBDDorsendorse

。

Haveatry，please。1.Whichdoyoulike______(well),applesororanges?2.Whois______(old),JimorTom?3.Jackisrunning_____and______(fast).4.Ourcountryising______and___________(beautiful).5.Heis________(tall)ofthetwoboys.

betterolderfasterfastermore

morebeatifulthetallest4.Findoutthemistakesinthesentencesbelow.Allofusfelthappilyatherbirthdayparty.

IammoreolderthanHarry.3.Hercoatisnewerthanyou.4.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthaninXiamen.5.Sueisoneofthetallgirlsinherclass.

happymuchyours.

that∧tallest￣￣難點(diǎn)練習(xí)：1.onduty2.onsecondthoughts3.onpurpose4.onfoot5.onthewhole6.onanyaccount7.Ontheaverage多選答案：1.c根據(jù)課文第3-4行，只有c.是課文所暗示的并能說(shuō)明水晶宮與其他建筑不同的原因，而其他3個(gè)選擇雖然都與課文內(nèi)容相符，但都不是水晶宮與其他建筑不同的原因，所以只有選c.是正確答案。2.b根據(jù)課文第10-11行…andtheprofitsfromthee