新教材高中英語Unit5RevealingnatureSectionⅡUsinglanguage檢測（含解析）外研版選擇性必修第一冊

/07/7/Using_languageⅠ.閱讀理解Aquietly.Backget.Thesealarm.Whatack，itdoesn'tsitquietly.Backin1983，twoscientists，JackSchultzandIanBaldwin，reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighbouringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.Whattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds，VOCsforshort.ScientistshavefoundthatallkindsofplantsgiveoutVOattacked.Itout.Butattacked.It'saplant'swayofcryingout.Butisanyonelistening?Apparently.Becausewecanwatchtheneighboursreact.Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.Butothersdodoubleduty.Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.Oncetheyarrive，the_tables_are_turned.Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.Instudyafterstudy，itappearsthatthesechemicalconversationshelptheneighbours.Thedamageisusuallymoreseriousonthefirstplant，buttheneighbours，relativelyspeaking，staysaferbecausetheyheardthealarmandknewwhattodo.Doesthismeanthatplantstalktoeachother?Scientistsdon'tknow.Maybethefirstplantjustmadeacryofpainorwassendingamessagetoitsownbranches，andso，ineffect，wastalkingtoitself.Perhapstheneighboursjusthappenedto“overhear”thecry.Soinformationwasexchanged，butitwasn'tatrue，intentionalbackandforth.CharlesDarwin，over150yearsago，imaginedaworldfarbusier，noisierandmoreintimate(親密的)thantheworldwecanseeandhear.Oursensesareweak.There'sawholelotgoingon.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了植物受到襲擊時(shí)會(huì)釋放出某種化學(xué)物質(zhì)來保護(hù)自己并“告知”附近的植物。1．Whatdoesaplantdowhenitisunderattack?A．Itmakesnoises.B．Itgetshelpfromotherplants.C．Itstandsquietly.D．Itsendsoutcertainchemicals.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighbouringplantscanget.Thesechemicalscomefromtheinjuredpartsoftheplantandseemtobeanalarm.可知，植物受到傷害時(shí)會(huì)散發(fā)出一種特殊的氣味，而這種特殊的氣味就是某些化學(xué)物質(zhì)。2．Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thetablesareturned”inParagraph3?A．Theattackersgetattacked.B．Theinsectsgatherunderthetable.C．Theplantsgetreadytofightback.D．Theperfumesattractnaturalenemies.解析：選A句意理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.以及畫線部分后的Theattackerwhowaslunchingnowbecomeslunch.可知，畫線部分的意思是：襲擊者受到了它的天敵的襲擊。3．Scientistsfindfromtheirstudiesthatplantscan________.A．predictnaturaldisastersB．protectthemselvesagainstinsectsC．talktooneanotherintentionallyD．helptheirneighbourswhennecessary解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Someplantspumpoutsmellychemicalstokeepinsectsaway.和Theypumpoutperfumesdesignedtoattractdifferentinsectswhoarenaturalenemiestotheattackers.可知，植物能保護(hù)自己免受昆蟲的傷害。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theworldischangingfasterthanever.B．Peoplehavestrongersensesthanbefore.C．Theworldismorecomplexthanitseems.D．PeopleinDarwin'stimeweremoreimaginative.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，達(dá)爾文設(shè)想了一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)比現(xiàn)實(shí)世界更繁忙、更喧囂和更親密的世界，而我們的感官卻非常弱，我們還有很長的路要走。由此可知，世界似乎比它看上去的樣子更復(fù)雜。BWeallloveanimals,butanimalsdon'tfeelthesamewayaboutus.Whenweentertheirwildworld,weare“unnatural”invadersintotheirhomes.TherewasavideomanyofyoumayhaveseenontheInternetrecentlyofabearanditscub(幼崽)climbingupasteep,snow-coveredhillinRussia.Themamabearmakesittothetopwithouttoomuchtrouble,butthebabybearkeepsslidingbackdown.Ittakesthreeattemptstoreachthetopand,nodoubt,manycheeredatthecub'snever-give-upspirit.Butnaturescientistswhosawthevideodidn'tcheer.Instead,thescientistswereupsetthatthetwobearshadbeenfrightenedintomakingadangerous,unnecessaryclimbbythedronethatwasfilmingthem.SophieGilbertoftheUniversityofIdahosaid,“Itshowedacompletelackofunderstandingfromthedroneoperatoroftheeffectshisactionswerehavingonthebears.”O(jiān)therscientistshavefoundthatwhenadroneishoveringnear,abear'sheartratecanincreasefrom41beatsperminuteto162beatsperminute—ahighenoughratetocauseaheartattack.Humandisturbancehasactuallybeenhavingafar-reachinginfluenceonwildlife.ResearchersattheUniversityofBerkeleyrecentlyfoundthatmanymammalsareturninginto“nightowls”againtoavoidcontactwithhumans.Suchashiftmightnotonlyaffectthosespeciesthemselves,butalsohavenumerouschaineffects.Wehumanbeingsfindourselvesinastrangepositioninnature.Wearepartofitbutalsoseparatefromit,nowmorethanever,sincemostofusliveincities.So,whenwegohikingintowildareasto“re-connect”withnature,weshouldgosoftlyandconsiderately.It'sOKtogetclosetoouranimalfriends,justnottooclose—wewouldn'twanttoscarethem,wouldwe?語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一段熊爬雪山的視頻引發(fā)了科學(xué)家們對于人類打擾野生動(dòng)物生活的反思。5．Whatdoesthevideofeature?A．Thebabybear'sclimbing.B．Themamabear'scare.C．Thedangerousenvironment.D．Theexperimentbyscientists.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的ofabearanditscub(幼崽)climbingupasteep,snow-coveredhill以及后文具體描寫的內(nèi)容可知，此段視頻展示的是一只母熊和它的幼崽攀爬一座陡峭的雪山的情景。6．Whydidn'tnaturescientistscheer?A．Becausetheyknewthebear'sfamilywell.B．Becausetheywereagainstotherscientists.C．Becausetheyknewthecauseofthebear'sclimbing.D．Becausetheylackedunderstandingofthedroneoperator.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)家們知道使得這兩只熊攀爬雪山的原因，而且明白它們是冒著生命危險(xiǎn)在爬山，所以才為熊的處境擔(dān)憂。7．Whatmaybetheeffectofhumandisturbanceonwildlife?A．Foodshortage.B．Changinghabitats.C．Ecologicalimbalance.D．Lesscontactwithhumans.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的manymammalsareturninginto“nightowls”againtoavoidcontactwithhumans.Suchashiftmightnotonlyaffectthosespeciesthemselves,butalsohavenumerouschaineffects.可知，許多哺乳動(dòng)物變成了“夜貓子”以避免和人類接觸，而這種變化不僅影響了這個(gè)物種本身，而且還會(huì)引起一系列的連鎖反應(yīng)；由此可推斷，人類對野生生物的干擾可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致生態(tài)失衡。8．Whatdoestheauthorseemtoagreewith?A．Losingconnectionwithnature.B．Tighteningthebondwithwildanimals.C．Respectingthehuman-animaldistance.D．Shootingmorevideosonanimalsforstudy.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，作者認(rèn)為人類應(yīng)該和動(dòng)物保持一定的距離，即尊重人類和動(dòng)物之間的距離。Ⅱ.完形填空Manyyearsago,Iwasdiggingavegetablegardeninmybackyard.Suddenly,alargeGermanShepherd(德國牧羊犬)thatIwouldcallSamrantowardsme,__1__.Hecamethroughthebushfromthe__2__ofanewhousethatwasbeingbuilt,some20metersaway.__3__，IignoredhimandafterafewmorebarksfromSamIrealisedthatheneededmyhelp.Ifollowedhimtoaswimmingpool.Awhitetoypoodle(玩具貴賓犬)wasswimmingaroundinthe__4__.Thewaterlevelwastoofarbelowtheedgeforthedogtoclimbout.Ithadno__5__buttokeepswimminguntilexhaustion;itwould__6__tothebottomanddrown.ItswamtowardsmeandIwasableto__7__itoutofthewater.Itookthetoypoodlehome,drieditoffandnoticedacollar__8__anameMidge,andanaddress,whichwasafive-minutewalkfrommyhome.ItookMidgebacktoitsvery__9__owners.Butthatwasnottheendofthestory.Somethreeweekslater,IwaswalkingdowntheroadwhenIwas__10__bytwofiercedobermans(杜賓犬)．Theyobviouslyhadno__11__oflettingmepass.__12__，Samranfrombehindme.Barking,hestoodbetweenthedobermansandme.Heremained__13__myfour-leggedoffenderswithdrew.Afteronefinal__14__“woof”，Samwentbacktohishome,obviouslybelievingthatonegoodturn__15__another.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者幫一只德國牧羊犬救了一只在游泳池內(nèi)的玩具貴賓犬。幾周后，這只德國牧羊犬在作者遇到危險(xiǎn)時(shí)也幫了他。1．A.circling B．jumpingC．watching D．barking解析：選D根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的afterafewmorebarksfromSam可知，此處表示吠叫著朝我跑過來。2．A.way B．courseC．direction D．form解析：選C此處表示從一棟正在建造的新房子的方向。fromthedirectionof意為“從……方向”，是固定搭配。3．A.Forawhile B．AtatimeC．Inthemeantime D．Onoccasion解析：選A句意：有一會(huì)兒，我沒有理會(huì)他，在Sam又吠叫了幾聲之后，我意識(shí)到他需要我的幫助。4．A.fence B．poolC．house D．garden解析：選B根據(jù)前文中的Ifollowedhimtoaswimmingpool.可知，這里指玩具貴賓犬在游泳池里游來游去。5．A.experience B．a(chǎn)lternativeC．motivation D．preparation解析：選B根據(jù)前文中的Thewaterlevelwastoofarbelowtheedgeforthedogtoclimbout.可知，這只狗爬不上來，別無他法，只能不停地游。havenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只能做某事。6．A.float B．diveC．sink D．swim解析：選C根據(jù)空后的tothebottomanddrown可知，這只貴賓犬在游泳池內(nèi)不停地游，最后只能是沉到水底被淹沒。7．A.throw B．pushC．kick D．lift解析：選D根據(jù)后文中的Itookthetoypoodlehome可知，作者從水中救起了這只玩具貴賓犬，把狗帶回了家。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處是指從水中把它提起來。8．A.writing B．revealingC．bearing D．wearing解析：選C根據(jù)后文中的anameMidge,andanaddress可知，此處指帶有名字和地址。9．A.grateful B．satisfiedC．impatient D．guilty解析：選A作者從游泳池救起那只玩具貴賓犬，送回給它的主人，所以主人應(yīng)該是很感激的。10．A.guided B．a(chǎn)ccompaniedC．stopped D．fooled解析：選C根據(jù)后文中的Theyobviouslyhadno__11__oflettingmepass.可知，它們不讓作者過去，所以此處指作者被兩只杜賓犬?dāng)r住了。11．A.promise B．beliefC．responsibility D．intention解析：選D句意：顯然它們沒打算讓我過去。havenointentionofdoingsth.沒打算做某事。12．A.Gradually B．EventuallyC．Immediately D．Suddenly解析：選D句意：突然，Sam從我身后跑了出來。13．A.but B．untilC．a(chǎn)sif D．nowthat解析：選B根據(jù)前文中的Barking,hestoodbetweenthedobermansandme.可知，Sam要幫作者，所以他一直待著直到那兩條杜賓犬撤退。14．A.pleasant B．impressiveC．inspiring D．friendly解析：選DSam幫了作者，所以此處指Sam友好的“汪汪”聲。15．A.demands B．succeedsC．deserves D．involves解析：選C句意：在最后一次友好的“汪汪”聲之后，Sam回到了自己的家，顯然他相信好人應(yīng)得好報(bào)。Onegoodturndeservesanother是諺語，意為“好人有好報(bào)；善有善報(bào)”。Ⅲ.語法填空Somepopularplacestovisitarebuiltbypeople.Otherfamousplacesarethe__1__(create)ofnature.InthenortheastoftheUS,therewasafamousrockonahighmountain__2__lookedjustlikeanoldman.__3__(locate)inthetownofFranconia,NewHampshire,hehadthickhair,abignoseandabeard.PeoplecalledhimTheOldManoftheMountain__4__everyyearmorethanamillionpeoplecametovisithim.TheOldManoftheMountain,alsoknown__5__theGreatStoneFace,measur