-新教材高中英語UNIT6后練習(xí)含解析外研版選擇性必修第二冊

PAGEPAGE7Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.閱讀理解ATheBoyMadeIt!OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.Unabletoseefar,heaccidentallyturnedoffthepath.Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn'thavefood,water,aphone,orothersupplies.Hewasgettingcolderbytheminute.Nicholashadnoideawherehewas.Hetriednottopanic.HethoughtaboutallofthesurvivalshowshehadwatchedonTV.Itwastimetoputthetipshehadlearnedtouse.Hedecidedtostopskiing.Therewasabetterchanceofsomeonefindinghimifhestayedput.Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.Ifhedidn't,hisbodytemperaturewouldgetverylow,whichcouldquicklykillhim.Usinghisskis,Nicholasbuiltasnowcave.Hegatheredahugemassofsnowanddugoutaholeinthemiddle.Thenhepiledbranchesontopofhimself,likeablanket,tostayaswarmashecould.Bythatevening,Nicholaswasreallyhungry.Heatesnowanddrankwaterfromanearbystreamsothathisbodywouldn'tlosetoomuchwater.Notknowinghowmuchlongerhecouldlast,Nicholasdidtheonlythinghecould—hehuddled(蜷縮)inhiscaveandslept.Thenextday,Nicholaswentouttolookforhelp,buthecouldn'tfindanyone.Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave,becausewithoutshelter,hecoulddiethatnight.OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.Aftertwodaysstuckinthesnow,Nicholaswassaved.NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.HehadoftenwatchedGrylls'survivalshowManvsWild.That'swherehelearnedthetipsthatsavedhislife.Ineachepisode(一期節(jié)目)ofManvsWild,Gryllsisabandonedinawildareaandhastofindhiswayout.WhenGryllsheardaboutNicholas'amazingdeeds,hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了小男孩Nicholas在暴風(fēng)雪中迷路，他不畏艱難，利用在電視中學(xué)到的野外生存知識逃脫困境的故事。1．WhathappenedtoNicholasoneSundayafternoon?A．Hegotlost. B．Hebrokehisskis.C．Hehurthiseyes. D．Hecaughtacold.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的OneSunday,Nicholas,ateenager,wentskiingatSugarloafMountaininMaine.Intheearlyafternoon,whenhewasplanningtogohome,afiercesnowstormsweptintothearea.及Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone！可知，周日下午Nicholas迷路了，故選A項。2．HowdidNicholaskeephimselfwarm?A．Hefoundashelter.B．Helightedsomebranches.C．Hekeptonskiing.D．Hebuiltasnowcave.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，Nicholas保持溫暖的方式是建了一個雪洞，故選D項。3．WhatdidNicholasdoonTuesday?A．Hereturnedtohissheltersafely.B．Hewassavedbyavolunteersearcher.C．Hegotstuckinthesnow.D．Hestayedwherehewas.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的OnTuesday,Nicholaswentoutagaintofindhelp.Hehadwalkedforaboutamilewhenavolunteersearcherfoundhim.可知，星期二的時候Nicholas被一名志愿搜索者救了，故選B項。4．WhydidNicholasleaveaverydeepimpressiononGrylls?A．Becausehedidtherightthingsinthedangeroussituation.B．BecausehewatchedGrylls'TVprogramregularly.C．Becausehecreatedsometipsforsurvival.D．Becausehewasveryhard-working.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的hewassuperimpressedthatNicholashadmadeitsinceheknewbetterthananyonehowhardNicholashadtoworktostayalive可判斷出，Nicholas給Grylls留下了深刻的印象是因為他在危險的情況下做了正確的事情，故選A項。BMostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherNatureagree?Animalscan'ttalk,butcantheylieinotherways?Cantheyliewiththeirbodiesandbehavior?Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals,frombirdstochimpanzees,behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?Dishonestyoftenhelpsthemsurvive.Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator(獵食動物)getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe“hurt”adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?Theydon'tmakenests.Instead,theygetintootherbirds'nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner'shandandstartfightingagain.Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon'thearthem,andtheydon'tneedtosharetheirfood.Aschildren,manyofuslearnthesaying“Youcan'tfoolMotherNature.”Butmaybeyoucan'ttrusther,either.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章通過列舉一些鳥類和大猩猩的例子，說明動物有時會撒謊，這也是它們生存的需要。5．Howdoesaploverprotectitsyoungfromapredator?A．Bygettingclosertoitsyoung.B．Bydrivingawaytheadultpredator.C．Byleavingitsyounginanothernest.D．Bypretendingtobeinjured.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung可知，啄木鳥保護孩子不受獵食動物侵害是通過假裝受傷，故選D項。6．Whatdoesthesentence“Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.”inParagraph5mean?A．Chimpsarereadytoattackothers.B．Chimpsaresometimesdishonest.C．Chimpsarejealousofthewinners.D．Chimpscanbeselfishtoo.解析：選B句意理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知，一位動物專家曾經(jīng)看到一個輸了的黑猩猩抓住獲勝的黑猩猩的手又開始打斗了。因此畫線句意思是：大猩猩也可能不誠實，故選B項。7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Somechimpslowertheircrytokeepfoodawayfromothers.B．Thelosingchimpwonthefightbytakingthewinner'shand.C．Cuckoosfooltheiradoptiveparentsbymakingnonests.D．Somecleverscrubjaysoftenstealtheirfoodback.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后兩句可知，一些聰明的黑猩猩在找到食物時學(xué)會了非常輕柔地叫。這樣，其他黑猩猩就聽不到它們的聲音，它們也不需要分享食物。故選A項。8．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．DoAnimalsLie?B．DoesMotherNatureFoolAnimals?C．HowdoAnimalsLearntoLie?D．HowdoesHonestyHelpAnimalsSurvive?解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全篇文章的內(nèi)容和第一段中Cantheyliewiththeirbodiesandbehavior？可知，這篇文章講的是動物也會撒謊，故選A項。CMostpeoplecan'twaitforspringtoarrive.Itmeansflowersandwarmerweather,allwelcomechangesfromthedarkwinterdays.NowweknowthatspringisarrivingsoonerintheNorthernHemisphere(北半球)thanitwasinthepast,thankstoastudypublishedinScientificReports.Forexample,LosAngelesmayexperiencespringonlyadayearlierthanitdid10yearsago,butfurthernorth,inSeattleorChicago,springwillarrivefourdaysearlier.IfyoulivedintheArctic,springcouldarrive16daysearlierthanitusedto.Todeterminehowspringtimeisstartingearlier,researcherslookedattemperaturerecordsand743earlierstudiesover86years.Thesestudieswereaboutvariousbiologicalindicatorsofspring,includingbirdsmigrating,plantsfloweringandamphibians(兩棲動物)soundingtheirmatingcalls.Researchersthenstudiedthesedatatoseeiftheywereoccurringearlier.Theresultshowedthatnotonlyisspringmakingitselfknownsoonerbutit'swarmer,too.Beforeyougooutinahappyspringtimehike,springarrivingsoonerisn'tsogood.Thelivelihoodofmigratorybirds,forinstance,maybeconcerned.“Thefoodthatbirdsrelyonwhentheymovetothenorthmightnotbereliableifthebeginningofspringatthesehigherlatitudes(維度)isexpandedbyfuturewarming.”saidEricPost.HeisafellowoftheJohnMuirInstituteandapolarecologist.AnimalsrelyingonArcticseaice,likepolarbears,probablyaren'tcrazyaboutthingswarmingupsooner,either,becauseitimpactsontheirabilitytohunt.Spring'searlyarrivalcouldcausedisorderinthedelicatebalanceofvariousecosystems,nottomentionhowsoonyou'llneedtobuyallergymedicine.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項科學(xué)新發(fā)現(xiàn)——春天比過去來得早，并說明了這個氣候新發(fā)現(xiàn)對人類和動物的影響。9．WhatcanwelearnfromthestudypublishedinScientificReports?A．SpringcomesearliestinLosAngeles.B．LosAngelesisfurthernorththanSeattle.C．Springcomes12daysearlierinArcticthaninChicago.D．Thefurthernorthaplacelies,thesoonerspringcomesthanbefore.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的IfyoulivedintheArctic,springcouldarrive16daysearlierthanitusedto.可知，越往北的地方，春天來得越早。故選D項。10．Howdidresearchersmakethediscovery?A．Bycomparingrelateddataavailable.B．Byconductingresearchandtest.C．Bycalculatingtheexactlengthofeachspring.D．Byobservinganimal'sbehaviorallyearround.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Todeterminehowspringtimeisstartingearlier,researcherslookedattemperaturerecordsand743earlierstudiesover86years.可知，本題應(yīng)選A項(通過比較可獲得的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù))。11．Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsfocuson?A．Concernsoverspring'searlyarrival.B．Springtimeemergenceofcreatures.C．Earlyspringtime'simpactsonhumans.D．Disorderinthebalanceofecosystems.解析：選A段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段中EricPost所說可知，如果未來氣候變暖導(dǎo)致高緯度地區(qū)春季的提前到來，鳥類向北遷徙時所依賴的食物可能就不可靠了。最后一段中最后一句說明了春天的提前到來可能會擾亂各種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)脆弱的平衡。即最后兩段講了春天提前到來對動物和人類的不良影響。由此可知，最后兩段是對春天提前到來的擔(dān)憂，故選A項。12．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthistext?A．MedicalReport. B．SurvivalStories.C．ScientificDiscoveries. D．NaturalEnvironment.解析：選C文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的NowweknowthatspringisarrivingsoonerintheNorthernHemisphere(北半球)thanitwasinthepast,thankstoastudypublishedinScientificReports.可知，本文是研究氣候變化的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此本篇文章應(yīng)來自雜志的“科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)”專欄，故選C項。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Slash(斜杠)CareersWhatisyourjob？Areyouateacherorabusinessperson？Ormaybeyouarealawyer/writerorateacher/photographer.1Theterm“slashcareer”comesfromthepunctuationmark(標(biāo)點符號)—aslashthatcomesbetweenjobtitles.Peoplewithslashcareersoftenhaveaprimaryjobthatprovidesformostoftheirneeds.Theprimaryjobusuallycomesbeforetheslash.2Thissecondaryjobcanhelpsupplementincome.Whywouldanyonewantmorethanonejob？Somepeoplelooktotheirjobsforopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterests.Butmostpeoplehavetoomanyinterestsforonejob.Secondaryjobscanbeenjoyableiftheyincludeintereststhattheprimaryjobdoesn'ttouch.Somepeoplewhoencourageslashcareerssaytheyactuallyhelpwithwork-lifebalance.3Ontheotherhand,aslashcareercanbedangerousforwork-lifebalance.4Onemightgiveupnecessarythingslikerelaxation,exerciseortimewithone'sfamily.Peoplewithslashcareersneedtothinkcarefullyabouthowtheyusetheirtime.Thisincludesknowingwhentostopworking.Theclearadvantageofslashcareersistheextraincomethatsecondaryjobsprovide.It's