2013年考研英語二真題及答案詳解8555

2013年考研英語二真題及答案詳解說明：由于試題一題多卷，因此選擇題部分，不同考生有不同順序，請在核對答案時注意題目和選項內(nèi)容。SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightsocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronicallythecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen2fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.ForexamplBusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofmoneyitself,"onlyto4itselfseveralyearslateso5incoming?Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefseveralfactorswork6thedisappearancthpeapseyrstem.Fiisrsvte,ofrity7tosetupthecomputecardreader,andtelecornmunicationsnetworksnecessaSecond,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey9receipts,somethingthaimanyconsumersareunwillito10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumer11acheckiscashedandfundsare12fromtheissuer'cancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.13elefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay14securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation15thereThefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccouninelectronicpaymentssystemsand17fromsomeoneeleasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavepersonaldata.Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.1.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Other2.[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around3.[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role4.[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse5.[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady

6.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on7.[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive8.[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant9.[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print10.[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown11.[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when12.[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn13.[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though14.[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease15.[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed16.[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]uncommon[D]unclear17.[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return18.[A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D]justification19.[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor20.[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trailSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.

Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob，couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.21.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances[B]thealleviationofjobpressure[C]theshrinkageoftextilemills[D]thedeclineofmiddle-classincomes22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______[A]workoncheapsoftware[B]askforamoderatesalary[C]adoptanaveragelifestyle[D]contributesomethingunique23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______[A]gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased[B]jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed[C]factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore[D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered

24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____[A]toacceleratetheI.T.revolution[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople[C]roadvanceeconomicglobalization[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?[A]NewLawTakesEffect[B]TechnologyGoesCheap[C]AverageIsOver[D]RecessionIsBadText2Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.

26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.[C]shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.[D]hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.28Accordingtotheauthor,today’sbirdsofpassagewant___[A]fiancialincentives.[B]aglobalrecognition.[C]opportunitiestogetregularjobs.[D]thefreedomtostayandleave.29Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated__[A]asfaithfulpartners.[B]witheconomicfavors.[C]withregaltolerance.[D]asmightyrivals.30選出最適合文章的標(biāo)題[A]comeandgo:bigmistake.[B]livingandthriving:greatrisk.[C]withorwithout:greatrisk.[D]legalorillegal:bigmistake.

Text3Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliaren’texclusivetotheinterpersonalrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthatviewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewe’redoing,Subjectsexposedtofast-foodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong.Yetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwoseconds.Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.31.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay____.[A]varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituation[B]provethecomplexityofourbrainreaction[C]dependontheimportanceoftheassessment[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment32.Ourreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisions____.[A]canbeassociative

[B]arenotunconscious[C]canbedangerous[D]arenotimpulsive33.Toreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould____.[A]trustourfirstimpression[B]doaspeopleusuallydo[C]thinkbeforeweact[D]askforexpertadvice34.JohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon____.[A]criticalassessment[B]‘‘thinsliced’’study[C]sensibleexplanation[D]adequateinformation35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis____.[A]tolerant[B]uncertain[C]optimistic[D]doubtfulText4Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.LastCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporatosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwaafailure:only24companiestookitup.

DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?“Personally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandReding’sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.Bur,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower--as,forexample,SherySandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen---whetherCEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers--andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_____.[A]womentakethelead[B]menhavethefinalsay[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly37.TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis________.[A]areflectionofgenderbalance[B]areluctantchoice[C]aresponsetoReding’scall[D]avoluntaryaction38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen______.[A]gettopbusinesspositions[B]seethroughtheglassceiling[C]balanceworkandfamily

[D]anticipatelegalresults39.Theauthor’sattitudetowardReding’sappealisoneof_________.[A]skepticism[B]objectiveness[C]indifference[D]approval40.Womenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof______.[A]moresocialjustice[B]massivemediaattention[C]suitablepublicpolicies[D]greater“softpressure”PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromtheliA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(1[A]Livelikeapeasant[B]Balanceyourdiet[C]Shopkeepersareyourfriends[D]Remembertotreatyourself[E]Sticktowhatyouneed[F]Planningisevervthing[G]Wastenot,wantnotThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas?60aweektospend,?40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10wasearning?130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'"atleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecamese"Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Bu

stilladay-by-daything."Nowhe'slivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-"therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood"-buteatingwellonabudget.Here'shisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.41._____________________Impulsivespendingisn'tanoption,soplanyourweek'smenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:it'snotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.It'salsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,you'llsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.42____________________________________________________________Thisiswheresupermarketsandthci;anonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,there'snotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,you'llknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightispre-packedinthesupermarketchiller.43_________Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer-that'snotgoodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyou'lldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto"gooff'willbecookedorjuiced.44___________________________________Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyou'llfeelcomfortableaskingifthey'veanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,Theyilletyouhaveforfree.45__________________

Youwon'tbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant-?1.75aweekforthreemonthsgivesyou?21-morethan"enoughforathree-courselunchatMichelin-starredArbutus.It's?16.95there-or?12.99foralargepizzafromDomino's:IknowwhichI'drathereat.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERS(15points)Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.I’vebeenabletodothissinceIwasfour.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbsmymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayreatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateveryonedoes-trytoputittooneside.Idon’tthinkit’sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn’tmakemyemotionsanymoreactureorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehosptibalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalpalyHamopenedontheBroadwayonthesameday-theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIVWriting47.Supposeyourclassistoholdacharitysalefoekidsinneedofhelp.Writeyourclassmatesanemailto1)informthemaboutthedetailsandencouragethemtoparticipate.2)Don’tuseyourownname,use“LiMing”instead.Don’twriteyouraddress.(10points)48writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould1)interpretthechartand2)giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

SectionIUseofEnglish1.【答案】A(However)【解析】空前作者講到“鑒于電子貨幣的優(yōu)勢,你也許會認(rèn)為,我們將快速步入非現(xiàn)金社會,實現(xiàn)完全電子支付?！倍蘸笳f“真正的無現(xiàn)金社會很可能不會馬上到來”這兩句話語義是轉(zhuǎn)折的，因此答案A。B.moreover表遞進C.therefore表結(jié)果D.Otherwise表對比2.【答案】D(around)【解析】由空格所在句的“but”得知，句子前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。事實上,這樣的預(yù)測已經(jīng)二十年了,但迄今還沒有實現(xiàn)。A.off停止B.back返回C.over結(jié)束，與后文均不構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案選D.around出現(xiàn)。3.【答案】B(concept)【解析】空格所在的句子意思為例如,1975年《商業(yè)周刊》預(yù)測電子支付手段不久將“徹底改變貨幣本身的____”將四個選項帶入，能夠徹底改變的對象只能是金錢的概念(定義)，而A“力量”,C“歷史”,D“角色”，語義都不恰當(dāng)，并且如果選擇role的話，應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)roles,因為是金錢的作用不止一個選B。，故答案4.【答案】D(reverse)【解析】空格填入的動詞跟前面的動詞revolutionize(變革)意思上應(yīng)該是同義替換的，要選擇含有變革，徹底改變意思的詞匯，四個選項中A.reward獎勵B.抵抗C.resume重新開始，繼續(xù)，都不合適，只有D選項reverse“顛覆”最為貼切，本句譯為“電子支付方式不久將改變貨幣的定義,并將在數(shù)年后顛覆貨幣本身?！?.【答案】C(slow)【解析】根據(jù)前面的句意得知，早在1975年就預(yù)測了無現(xiàn)金社會將到來，而實際上作者講到來”，因此也得出這種變革是一個緩慢的過程，故答案選擇C。A.silent沉寂的，B.sudden突然的，D.steady穩(wěn)定不變的。“真正的無現(xiàn)金社會很可能不會馬上到6.【答案】B(against)【解析】上一段末句提出本段的論點，即人們進入無現(xiàn)金時代的速度緩慢的原因。因此本段應(yīng)圍繞紙幣系統(tǒng)不會消失來闡述。而且由句首的Although得知，空格所在句與前一句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。盡管電子支付手段可能比紙幣支付方式更加高效，然而以下幾個方面解釋了紙幣系統(tǒng)“不會”消失的原因，故答案選B，workagainst妨礙，對?產(chǎn)生消極影響。A.workfor為?而工作C.workwith與?共事，對?起作用D.workon從事?工作，對?起作用，都不合適。7.【答案】B(expensive)【解析】本句陳述的原因都是關(guān)于上句提到的傳統(tǒng)支付方式的優(yōu)點，即推廣電子支付方式不利之處。所以根據(jù)這個基，調(diào)得出選項productive不對，最后根據(jù)空合理，imaginative，意思是“虛構(gòu)的、富于想象力的”;sensitive，意思是“敏感的、容易受傷的”。本題正確答案為B。后的內(nèi)容推理出消極意思的選項expensive，其他選項意思放到空格處不故8.【答案】D(dominant)【解析】空格所在句譯為...使得電子貨幣成為____支付方式，將四個選項帶入，C,D是比較恰當(dāng)?shù)?，再結(jié)合本文章的主旨，應(yīng)該選擇“占主導(dǎo)地位的，支配地位”這層意思的D選項。A.similar相似的B.original原始的，獨創(chuàng)的,都不合適。9.【答案】B(provide)【解析】紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠____收據(jù),這是和電子支付相比的一大優(yōu)勢，A.collect收集收據(jù)，C.copy復(fù)印收據(jù)，D.print打印收據(jù)都和實際生活不符合。應(yīng)該是B.provide提供收據(jù)。10.【答案】A(giveup)【解析】該動詞短語的賓語是前文的something,指代上文的advantage，紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠提供收據(jù)這一優(yōu)勢，肯定是消費者不愿放棄的。和優(yōu)勢相搭配的動詞短語不能是B.takeover接管，也不能是C.bringback拿回來，D.passdown傳遞、遺傳也不符合。A.giveup放棄一種優(yōu)勢，符合語境，為正確答案。11.【答案】A(before)【解析】這里考查的是時間連詞的應(yīng)用。句子意思是“在支票兌換成現(xiàn)金之前要花上好幾天”，符合句意的只有before，其它三項都不符合。12.【答案】D(withdrawn)【解析】這里考查動詞辨義。原文句子意思是“資金是從發(fā)卡機構(gòu)的賬戶里提取的”，withdraw有“提款、取款”的意思，這里是指紙幣從銀行賬戶中“被取出”故為正確答案。13.【答案】C(Because)【解析】這里考查的是連詞的應(yīng)用。從原文可以看出空后的兩個句子在意思上存在著因果關(guān)系，“因為電子支付是即付的，所以消除了客戶的付款”。四個選項中只有Cbecause可以表因果，其他三項均不能表因果。故答案為C。14.【答案】C(raise)

【解析】這里考查的是動詞辨析以及上下文語義銜接。[A]hide“隱藏，隱瞞”，[B]express“表達，表示”，[C]raise“舉起，提高，引發(fā)”，[D]ease“減輕，緩和”，四個選項中能和concerns構(gòu)成搭配的只有raise，故正確答案為[C]。15.【答案】C.(stored)【解析】這句講了anunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalteinformation__________there.“一些黑客入侵電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫并且更改_____信息”根據(jù)空前信息可知是入侵電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫，所以information是被儲存在電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫中的信息。16.【答案】C.(uncommon)【解析】此題考查一致性?？崭袼诰洹癟hefactthatthisisnotan__16_occurrencemeansthat?”中this指代上文中that從句的內(nèi)容，即黑客能夠獲取電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫和更改儲存的信息。因此notan_16_occurrence應(yīng)提到“Weoftenhearmediareportsthat?”，其中的often正是對這一行為該能體現(xiàn)這一行為的特征，而上文的特征解釋，即notan__occurrence等于often的含義，對比選項，只有C選項uncommon符合，帶入后意為“經(jīng)發(fā)常生的事情”。17.【答案】A(steal)【解析】本題缺少謂語動詞，通過語法結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出，主語是dishonestpersons，并通過后面的其他人的帳戶，推定為答案是負(fù)向的，只有Asteal符合題意，語義上可以也說得通，故為正確答案。18.【答案】B.(prevention)【解析】文章最后一段首句談?wù)撾娮痈顿M方式的又一個缺陷：會引起安全和隱私問題。接下來就開始解釋這個現(xiàn)象?？崭袼诰涮岬健皩@種欺詐的_18__絕非易事，而且一個新的電腦科學(xué)領(lǐng)域正在形成來_19__安全問題?！币虼耍揪湓谡?wù)搶栴}的解決應(yīng)對。18空格與19空格所填內(nèi)容語意上應(yīng)該是一致的。瀏覽選項，18空只能選prevention，即防止這種欺詐行為發(fā)生并非易事，而C選項manipulation是“操縱”的意思，D選項justification意為“解釋，證明??合理”，均不合理。19.【答案】A.(copewith)【解析】此空格解釋同18空格，應(yīng)選有“處理，解決”意思的選項，只有A選項copewith合適。B選項fightagainst意為“對抗，抵制”，而賓語是securityissues，因此不符合。20.【答案】D.(trail)【解析】此空所在句提出了使用電子付費方式的又一個擔(dān)心，即會留下__20_，空格后的定語從句解釋了空格內(nèi)容，即它包含大量個人數(shù)據(jù)。瀏覽選項，只有trail符合，意為“痕跡”。B碎片從語義上均說不通，C路徑有一定的干擾性，但相比較D而言，痕跡更為合適，故為正確答案SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText121.【答案】A

【解析】第一段第二行指出笑話是關(guān)于紡織廠自動化程度的，后一句具體說明了笑話的內(nèi)容：工廠平均每天只有兩個人，一人一狗。人的工作是喂狗，狗的工作是看機器，暗示了工廠所有的生產(chǎn)工作都是由機器自動完成的。因此，這個笑話是用來說明技術(shù)進步的影響，故選A。22.【答案】D【解析】事實細節(jié)題，通過題干“根據(jù)第3段，要想成為一個成功的雇員，一個人得??”,我們首先可以定位到文章第三段，由第三段的最后一句話“Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.”意思是“因此，人人都需要有“tobeasuccessfulemployee”與第三段的同義替換，“everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontribution”項中的“contributesomethingunique”是同義替換，所以D選項正確。另外的價值，異于常人的獨特價值能夠讓他們在各自的雇傭市場上脫穎而出?！保覀兛梢缘贸?，題干中最后一句話中的“thatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment”是與D選A、B兩個選項與第三段的倒數(shù)第二句話意思不符，是干擾選項。C選項與第三段的第一、二句話意思相反，重般水平不行了?！秉c關(guān)注的是“But,today,averageisofficiallyover.”，意思是“現(xiàn)如今，擁有一23.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到第四段，第一句technologyhasbeeneatingjobs(技術(shù)使工作機會減少)也反映了該段的主旨。而根據(jù)題干quotation一詞，我們讀到引號里有“shedworkers(解雇工人)”、“roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared(大約1/3的手工生產(chǎn)工作機會消失，總計6百萬)”，可推斷出B選項。24.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干reduceunemployment減少失業(yè)，可以定位到文章中最后一段，這段出現(xiàn)了與之類似的表達“supportemployment”促進就業(yè)，而題干表述“themostimportant”與文章“nothingwouldbemoreimportantthan”相對應(yīng)，指出利，選項C與之吻合，故正確。A項加速信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)變革，C項促進經(jīng)濟全球化，均未提及，故排除。D項是干擾項，雖提及要頒布更多法案，但頒布法案的目的實際是為了保障教育，故也排除。促進就業(yè)最重要的是頒布類似于“G.I.Bill”的法案來保障人們接受高等教育的權(quán)25.【答案】C【解析】該題是主旨大意題，段以亞當(dāng)?大衛(wèi)森一篇論文中關(guān)于現(xiàn)代工廠自動化與僅需要一人一狗兩個科技的進步引起工廠自動化水平提高，普通員工如果沒有競爭力和突出優(yōu)勢，就很容易失去工作，因此也對員工提出了更高的要求(extra-uniquevaluecontribution)。第四段就是員工只有不斷地提高自己的教育水平，才能讓自己脫穎而出(tohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage)。最后一段點明主題，averageisofficiallyover。由此可見，全文一直在圍繞這一宏觀主線展開，這一主線也統(tǒng)主要考查考生根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容凝練主旨大意的能力。從整個文章的脈絡(luò)來看，第一員工的一則笑話，揭示了科技進步給人們帶來的影響。第二三段是領(lǐng)全文，所以正確答案為C。Text226.【答案】C(stayinaforeigntemporarily)【解析】詞義句意題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到首段末句。在這句中，birdsofpassage是前面一句中的1/4的意大利移民的昵稱，他們只在美國居住了一段時間，但最終還是返回意大利。A項的內(nèi)容在首段首句有提及，但是它

突出強調(diào)的是橫跨大西洋的移民，這也是一世紀(jì)前的情況，而如今birdsofpassage可能來自世界各個角落，并非局限于大西洋兩岸。B項與段意不符，D項文中未提及。27.【答案】C(shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges)【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，直接定位到第二段。解題關(guān)鍵可定位到“?,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,?Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.”大意是“我們需要改變的是關(guān)于分類的思考方式，突破合法和非法的嚴(yán)格限制。首先承認(rèn)短暫移民者的存在，然后解決移民問題面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。”C項高度總結(jié)了以上幾點。A項與原文意思不符。B、D項在文中未提及。28.【答案】D(thefreedomtostayandleave)【解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到第三段。解題關(guān)鍵在于對“Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.”大意是“他們跟著機會走，來去自如。他們可以在一個地方立業(yè)，在另一個地方成家”。強調(diào)的是句意思的高度概括。A項是對原文的片面理解，吸引短暫移民僅僅是來自金錢的激勵(financialincentives)，還有工作機會和工作理念。B項在文中未提及。C項中的regularjobs(一)在文中未提及，也是對文意的曲解。工作機會，而不在乎工作地點。D項是這者的不般工作29.【答案】C(withlegaltolerance)【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到第五段。題干問到“根據(jù)作者的意思，我們(美國)應(yīng)該怎樣對些短暫移民者?”在本段中，作者寫道我們應(yīng)該“Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem”，待這大意是“我們應(yīng)該超越移民合法性方面的文化之爭，重現(xiàn)看待中間地段，充分意識到當(dāng)今的移民管理體系需要各種途徑，從而取得多樣化的結(jié)果，來解決現(xiàn)今移民體系下用法律手段很難解決的”，暗含了C項中的tolerance也就是對multiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes的改寫。A、B和D項在文中未提及。問題30.【答案】D(legalorillegal:bigmistake)【解析】主旨大意題。文者認(rèn)為“我們不合法與不合法這的。另外，文章最后一段即，從合法和不合法角度對于移民的章第二段第二句中提到“我們把新移民分成兩類：合法移民和不合法移民”，樣嚴(yán)格的定義”，這說明了從合法和不合法角度對于移民的分類是錯誤最后一句“包括在現(xiàn)行的移民體系中不容易合法的實現(xiàn)的一些事情”也反映了文章的中心。分類是錯誤的。故選D(合法或非法：大錯誤)。A項談到短暫移民動是同時作需要局限于者的移個錯誤，偏離了文章主旨。B和C項說的是risk(風(fēng)險)，文中并未提及，偏離文章主旨。Text331.【答案】[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment【解析】細節(jié)題。題干之前花點兒時間來思考，間決定了我們判斷的準(zhǔn)確性。文該重點關(guān)注其后表達的信息，“但是，我們需要更多的時間來評估其他要素?！倍鴨柕氖恰白鳑Q定過程中所需的時間可以_____”