2018高考英語試題解析版

2018高考英語全國卷試題及剖析第一節(jié)聽下邊5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間往返答相關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Givetalk.C.Whiteareport.2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.She'sgenerous.B.She'scuriousC.She'shelpful.3.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:00B.At8:30C.At10:304.Howdoesthewornongowork?A.ByCar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Doctorandpatient.第二節(jié)(共15小題：每題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下邊5段對話。每段對話后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項,并標在試卷的相應地點。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段資料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.C.Changinghermajor.7.Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.EcologyB.EducationC.Chemistry.聽第7段資料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatistheman?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide.C.Ataxidriver.9.Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.聽第8段資料，回答10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.AthomeC.Atarestaurant.11.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visitafriend.C.Workextrahours.12.WhoisAlicegoingtocall?聽第9段資料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A.Tolookatanapartment.B.Todeliversomefurniture.C.Tohaveamealtogether.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.It'sagoodsize.B.It'snewlypainted.C.It'sadequatelyequipped.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.GodowntownB.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.聽第10段資料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.Collegestudents.18.WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A.Beforehelefthishometown.B.AfterhecametoAmerica.C.Whichhewas15yearsold.19.Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?A.He'sproud.B.He'ssympathetic.C.He'sgrateful.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedthisfife.B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.managedhisbusinesswell.答案1-5BCCBA6-10BABCC11-15ABAAC16-20BCBCA

C.HowheDuration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworld-famouscherrytreeswithandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington.D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hourguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents.Congress,memories,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路線)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hour(7miles)JoinasmallgrouphiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,andtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridesareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?【A】A.CherryBlossomTourinWashington.D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.C.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.剖析：此題特別忌諱地觀察了詞reserve:儲藏、保存、預約，預約。因此答案是A22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?【D】A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.剖析：知識豐富的導游，沿途解說總統(tǒng)、國會的故事和回想，經(jīng)過公園，沒有博物館旅行。D23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?【D】A.Citymaps.B.CamerasC.Meals.D.Safetylights.剖析：沿途供給反光衣和安全燈，故答案DBGoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodtaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunderperfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithdifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?(B)

aA.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?(C)A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparefoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.注：grilling是barbecue的意思，第一段晨安英國的計劃的他，負責給窘迫家庭演示怎樣既省錢又美味的做家庭美味，答案是B26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?(C)A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.注：八大系列節(jié)目，介紹省錢，健康，合理選食材，答案C27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?(D)A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet注：經(jīng)濟美味CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalizationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichpapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover4000fthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?BA.Theydevelopedveryfast.B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D.Theywerecloselyconnected.原始社會，部落相互獨立，語言眾多。故B29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?CA.Complex.B.AdvancedC.Powerful.D.Modern.Dominant:占統(tǒng)治地位的，優(yōu)勢的，近義詞powerful強盛的C30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent.BA.About6,800.B.About3,400.C.About2,400.D.About1,200.少于6000人的語言占現(xiàn)在世界語言的一半，也就是3400種。這個題目觀察的是學生的推測能力。沒有現(xiàn)存的答案。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?CA.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.People’slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.文章表達了人類從原始社會到今日語言的減少，經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和聯(lián)系致使語言的交融和數(shù)目的減少。故答案CDWemaythinkwe‘reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(裝置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle,That’sbadnewsforenvironment–andourwallets–astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings，Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife–formwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyuseevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputersbasicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndMP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2018,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn’tthrowoutouroldones.”TheLiving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekid’sroom,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbin’steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTV’swithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.Sowhat’sthesolution(解決方案)?Theteam’sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchastabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.TheyfoundthatmoreondemandentertainmentviewingontablesinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?(A)A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.新設施新科技的節(jié)能環(huán)保，對能量的耗費有益。故A33.WhydidBabbin’steamconducttheresearch?(D)A.Toreducethecostofminerals.B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.巴賓的研究，證明舊電器的能耗特別高。D34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?(B)A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.T型桌，節(jié)能40%，最節(jié)能。35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?(A)A.Stopusingthem.B.Takethemapart.C.Upgradethem.D.Recyclethem.舊電器固然經(jīng)濟，可是功能和環(huán)保性都比較差，因此呢停止使用。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項，選項中有兩項為剩余選項。Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign-somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?____36_(B)_____,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.___37__(A)___,theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones._38__.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.__39___.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisioninyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.___40___WhileallofthemareusefulWhateveryou’relookingforIfyou’reexperimentingwithacolorSmallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithIt’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesSoitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime做此類題型，需要聯(lián)系上下文的意思，和關系詞匯，前后一致，就能夠了。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)(共20小題，每題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下邊短文，從短文后各題所給的A，B，C和D四個選項中，選出能夠填入空白處的最正確選項。Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I__41___theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twantto__42___afewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t__43____enoughaboutthreecredits,newsaboutour__44_____wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which__45___Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s___46___,Icouldhardlywaitto__47__him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduateretiringtoteach,andthis__48___wasnogameforhim:hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemakeit___49____thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto___50___theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto___51____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand___52___toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat__53__andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe___54___.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhatbe___55__me:”Theabsolutemostimportant___56__thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood__57___.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto__58___asituation,processwhatyouopponent(對手)isdoingand__59___thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy___60___asajournalist.B欣然接受，急迫接受省錢A對。。。喜悅不已beexcitedaboutD教員D意味著46最好的47會見48D工作49申明make..clear經(jīng)過51應用A最后C課程B教室55A教授56技巧57B決定、決議58A剖析D評估60A角色第二節(jié)(共10小題;沒小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下邊短文，在空白處填入1個適合的單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournalrunnerslivethreeyears61longer(long)thannon-runnersYoudon’thavetorunfastlong62tosee(see)thebenefitYoumaydrink,smokebeoverwhelmingandstillreduceyourriskof63dying(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64is(be)