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[模擬]考研英語模擬320

多項選擇

Historiansofthewarcanbedividedintotwoschools.Thefirst

considersthatiswastheunavoidableoutcomeofconflicting___1___

betweenNorthernandSouthern___2___.Thesecondblamesit___3_

politicalleadersfor___4___toavertanunnecessarywar.

Analystsarealsodividedonwhethertheissueofslaverywas

the___5___causeofthewar,orasymptomofother,more___6___

differences-especiallysectionalinterestsandthedoctrineofstates,

rights-betweentheNorthandSouthwhichhadbeen___7___sincethe

___8___oftheAmericanrepublic.

Thefundamental___9___waseconomic.Intheearly1840sthe

Northernstatesbegantheprocessof___10___,modernizingtheirsociety

tomeetthedemandsofeconomicchange.In___11___,thesloganofAbraham

Lincoln,s___12___party,^freelabor,freeland,freeman^encapsulated

theideologyofvaluingthefreedomofindividualstograspthe

opportunityforeconomicself-advancementinabooming,expanding

society.

TheSouthernstatesremainedstubbornly13both

economicallyandsocially.Itwasabackward-lookingwayoflifeoftall

whitemansionsongreat___14___dependentonalaboursystemwhichmade

slavesofapproximately4millionblackAmericans.

Americawas___15___dividedbyeconomicstructure,andwasled

intofratricidalwarfarebyaseriesofpoliticalclashes.Themostcommon

causewasthefutureoftheWest.ThecrisesoverCalifornia,sadmission

in1850andoverKansas-Nebraskain1854were___16___ofthedivergent

economicinterestsofNorthandSouthinrelationtotheWest.

TheNorthwantedfreelandforindependentlabourinthesame

newterritorieswheretheSouth___17___toperpetuateitstraditional

wayoflifeby___18___slavery.Theissuewasnottheslaveryalready

practised,butthe___19___ofitsextension___20___theWest.

第1題:

A.benefits

B.profits

C.interests

D.values

1

參考答案:C

答案解析:

interests利益,尤指整個團體整體的利益,這里指南北兩州的集體利益。

benefits好處;profits利潤,益處;values價值。

第2題:

A.areas

B.states

C.parts

D.sides

參考答案:B

答案解析:

states州。在美國歷史上,南北各州,在文章后兩段均有所提及。areas地區(qū);

parts部分;sides,雙方。

第3題:

A.in

B.on

C.to

D.with

參考答案:B

答案解析:

on。blamesthonsb,責(zé)備,歸咎(某事于某人)固定搭配。

第4題:

A.failing

B.leading

C.inabilitating

D.avoiding

參考答案:A

答案解析:

:failing,沒有能力將…。第二種將戰(zhàn)爭的原因歸咎于政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)沒能避免這場

沒有必要的戰(zhàn)爭。

第5題:

A.primary

B.subordinate

C.inferior

D.additional

參考答案:A

2

答案解析:

primary主要的,戰(zhàn)爭的主要原因。subordinate次要的,下屬的;inferior次

等的;additional另外的。

第6題:

A.apparent

B.urgent

C.serious

D.critical

參考答案:D

答案解析:

critical緊要的,關(guān)鍵性的。危急的。這里是列舉了一系列重要的原因。apparent

明顯的;urgent緊急的;serious嚴肅的,嚴重的。

第7題:

A.widening

B.developing

C.worsening

D.exaggerating

參考答案:B

答案解析:

developing發(fā)展。這里指南北雙方之間的差異逐漸變得更為明顯。widening寬

闊,一般指實物;worsen指情況的惡化。

第8題:

A.union

B.unification

C.formation

D.settlement

參考答案:C

答案解析:

formation,后半句是美利堅聯(lián)合眾國的建立或形成。union,unification指聯(lián)

合。聯(lián)合需有小部分的機構(gòu),而這里不恰當(dāng)。settlement指人找住處居住。

第9題:

A.change

B.distinction

C.collision

D.cleavage

參考答案:B

3

答案解析:

distinction區(qū)別。最基本的區(qū)別是經(jīng)濟問題,此段提及北方經(jīng)濟,而下一段談

的是南方截然不同的經(jīng)濟形式,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其中區(qū)別即distinctiono

第10題:

A.modernization

B.capitalization

C.industrialization

D.development

參考答案:C

答案解析:

industrialization工業(yè)化。工業(yè)化進程和社會的現(xiàn)代化modernization與后一

分句的modern相重復(fù),這里指的也是與南方經(jīng)濟相對的工業(yè)化。

第11題:

A.aword

B.conclusion

C.general

D.particular

參考答案:D

答案解析:

:particularoinparticular尤其,這里林肯的講話是一個特例;inaword,

inconclusion總結(jié);ingeneral整體而言。

第12題:

A.Republican

B.Democratic

C.Liberty

D.Social

參考答案:A

答案解析:

Republican共和黨。林肯為共和黨人;Democratic民主黨。

第13題:

A.agricultural

B.farming

C.modern

D.industrialized

參考答案:A

答案解析:

agriculturalo農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟與上一段北方工業(yè)化進程相對,這里stubbornly說明

南方仍堅持一貫的農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟。

第14題:

A.farms

B.plantations

C.reserves

D.states

參考答案:B

答案解析:

plantations種植園,greatplantations大莊園;farms農(nóng)場;reserves保留

地;states州。

第15題:

A.thus

B.accordingly

C.moreover

D.however

參考答案:A

答案解析:

thus因此;accordingly相應(yīng)地;moreover而且;however然而。

第16題:

A.typical

B.classical

C.true

D.real

參考答案:A

答案解析:

typical典型的,加利福尼亞的幾個例子是南北雙方在西進運動中的利益。

第17題:

A.longed

B.looked

C.sought

D.chased

參考答案:c

答案解析:

soughtoseekto追求,這里是說當(dāng)北方希望在新領(lǐng)地中為獨立勞動力尋找新土

地時,南方卻希望在新土地上繼續(xù)實行蓄奴制。

5

第18題:

A.expanding

B.extending

C.developing

D.advocating

參考答案:B

答案解析:

extending擴展。extend一般指范圍疆域上的擴展。而expand為抽象意義上的

伸展;develop發(fā)展;advocate主張。

第19題:

A.existence

B.promise

C.perspective

D.prospect

參考答案:D

答案解析:

prospect前途、未來。already提示后面所說的為將來展望,prospect成立。

第20題:

A.with

B.into

C.by

D.as

參考答案:B

答案解析:

intOoextendinto伸展到某種地方,表示方向。

多項選擇

Peopletodayallovertheworldarebeginningtohearandlearnmore

andmoreabouttheproblemofpollution.Pollutioniscausedeitherby

thereleaseofcompletelynewandoftenartificialsubstancesintothe

environment,orbyreleasinggreatlyincreasedamountsofnatural

substances,suchasoil,fromoiltankersintothesea.

Thewholeindustrialprocess,whichmakesmanyofthegoodsand

machinesweneedanduseinourdailylives,isboundtocreateanumber

ofwasteproductswhichupsettheenvironmentalbalance,ortheecological

balanceasitisalsoknown.Manyofthesewasteproductscanbeprevented

ordisposedofsensibly,butclearlywhilemoreandmorenewgoodsare

6

producedandmadecomplex,therewillbenew,dangerouswastestobe

disposedof,forexample,thewasteproductsfromnuclearpowerstations.

Manypeople,therefore,seepollutionasonlypartofalargerandmore

complexproblem,thatis,thewholeprocessofindustrialproductionand

consumptionofgoods.Othersagainseetheproblemmainlyinconnection

withagriculture,wherenewmethodsarehelpingfarmersgrowmoreandmore

ontheirlandtofeedourever-increasingpopulations!However,theland

itselfisgraduallybecomingwornoutasitisbeingused,insomecases,

tooheavily,andartificialfertilizerscannotrestorethebalance.

Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthatmuch

ofthepollutioncausedcouldbecontrolledifalotofcompanies,

individualsandgovernmentswouldmakemoreefforts.Inthehomethere

isanobviousneedtocontrollitterandwaste,Foodcomes,wrappedup

threeorfourtimesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof,anddrinks

areincreasinglysoldinbottlesortins,whichcannotbereused.This

notonlycausesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreatwasteofresources

intermsofglass,metalsandpaper.Advertisinghashelpedthisprocess

bydissuadingmanyofusnotonlytobuythingsweneitherwantnorneed,

butalsotothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Pollutionandwastecombine

tobeaproblemeveryonecanhelptosolvebycuttingoutunnecessary

buying,excessconsumptionandcarelessdisposaloftheproductsweuse

inourdailylives.

fertilizer[n.]肥料(尤指化學(xué)肥料)dissuade[v.]勸阻

litter[n.]垃圾underlying

[adj.]根本的

artificial[adj.]人造的,假的ecological[adj.]生

態(tài)學(xué)的

upset[v.]推翻,擾亂sensibly[adv.]

明顯地,敏感地

第21題:

Themaincauseofpollutionis______?

A.thereleaseofartificialornaturalsubstancesintotheenvironment

B.theproductionofnewindustrialgoods

C.increasedamountsofanaturalsubstance

D.ourever-increasingpopulation

參考答案:A

答案解析:

第一段最后一句提到了污染的兩種主要來源:人造和天然物質(zhì)的排放。故選[A]o

7

第22題:

Thereleaseofoilfromoiltankersintotheseais.

A.theonlysourceofpollution

B.akindofpollutioncausedbythereleaseofnaturalsubstances

C.ofworldwideconsequence

D.mostharmfultomankind

參考答案:B

答案解析:

事實細節(jié)題。第一段最后一句說,石油泄漏是自然物質(zhì)泄漏的一種,故選[B]。

第23題:

Whatdoyouthinkwillupsettheenvironmentalbalance?

A.Wasteproducts.

B.Thewholeindustrialprocess.

C.Manyofthegoods.

D.Somemachinesweneedanduseinourdailylife.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

推理判斷題。定位原文第二段“Thewholeindustrialprocess...isboundto

createanumberofwasteproductswhichupsettheenvironmental

balance...",可以看出作者認為廢棄物導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境失衡,所以選[A]。[B]

本身并不會直接導(dǎo)致生態(tài)失衡,而是這一過程中生產(chǎn)出來的產(chǎn)品導(dǎo)制環(huán)境失衡,

[C]、[D]并沒有指出是“wastegoodsormachinesw,因為只有廢棄的產(chǎn)品

才會破壞環(huán)境,如果產(chǎn)品本身可以循環(huán)利用則不會危害環(huán)境。

第24題:

Accordingtotheauthor,themorenewgoods.

A.thelesspollutionwehave

B.theharderpollutioncanbedoneawaywith

C.themorepollutiontherewillbe

D.thehigherourlivingstandardwillbe

參考答案:C

答案解析:

事實細節(jié)題。第二段第二句說,生產(chǎn)更多的新產(chǎn)品,就會造成更多的污染產(chǎn)生,

故選[C]。

第25題:

Whichofthefollowingcouldserveasthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Pollution一theNecessaryEvil

B.TheCausesofPollution

C.PollutionandAgriculture

8

D.Anti-pollutionNeedsYourEfforts

參考答案:D

答案解析:

篇章主旨題。本文首先講了污染的來源,然后又對如何減少污染提出具體建議,

并大力倡導(dǎo)每個人都行動起來減少污染。文章標題應(yīng)該主要體現(xiàn)作者的意圖.作

者花了不少篇幅講述污染的來源,但其目的是倡議減少污染,所以選[D]最佳。

[A]肯定不對,因為作者沒有透露出任何對污染肯定的意思,[B]、[C]都

只是作者論述的部分內(nèi)容,因此不能作為整篇文章的標題。

Manystraydogsandcatswanderthestreetsofcities.Usuallythey

endupinanimalshelters,wherestaffsmustfindwaystodisposeofthem.

Onelegitimatedisposalroutehasbeentheresearchlaboratory.Butin

California,animalrightsgroupsrecentlyhavebeenleaninghardonanimal

shelters,effectivelycuttingoffmuchofthesupply.

About30yearsago,LosAngelesvoterssoundlydefeateda

proposaltoprohibitthereleaseofanimalsforlaboratoryuse.Buttoday,

withnewproposalsbeingsubmittedtocitycouncilsandcountyboards,

theresultscouldwellbedifferent.Andthenewproposalsaremuchmore

sweeping.Theywouldcreatereviewboardsforallanimalexperimentation.

AgroupofCaliforniainvestigatorsevenhaveorganizedacommitteefor

animalresearchinmedicine.

“Mostscientistsdon,trealizethedanger,“saysCaltech

neurobiologistJohnM.Allman,whousesmonkeystostudytheorganization

ofthebrain."Suchmovementsinthepast一inthiscountry,atleast

一havelargelybeentheeffortsofsmall,fragmentedandrelatively

ineffectivegroups.Butthisnewmovementiscarefullyorchestrated,well

organized,andwellfinanced.Itiseasytolookatthehistoryofanimal

experimentationandcompileacatalogofhorrors.Butthedayislongpast

whenaresearchercantakeanyanimalanddoanythinghepleasestoit

withatotaldisregardforitswelfareandcomfort.Peopledon,trealize,”

saysAllman,uthatwearealreadyextensivelyreviewed.InmyworkImust

followtheethicalcodeslaiddownbytheNationalInstitutesofHealth

andtheAmericanPhysiologicalSociety,amongothers.Andwemighthave

asurprisevisitatanytimefromtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture's

inspectors.It'stheUSDAfieldveterinarianswhodotheenforcing.

Believeme,theseinspectionsareanything,butroutine,andthesefellows

haveagreatdealofpower.Becausetheirreportscanadverselyaffect

federalfunding,theirrecommendationsare,inreality,orders.”

Itisimportantthattheanimalrightsadvocatesdonotimpose

theirsolutionsonsociety.Itwouldbetragicindeed一whenmedical

scienceisclosetolearningsomuchmorethatisveryusefultoourhealth

andwelfare一ifalreadyregulation-burdenedandbudget-restrained

researcherswerefurtherham-pered?

9

Iwonderaboutthosepuristswhoseektohaltallanimal

experimentationonmoralgrounds:Dotheyalsorefuse,forthemselvesand

others,toacceptanyremedy-orinformation一thatgainedthroughanimal

experimentation?Anddotheyhavetherighttomakesuchdecisionson

behalfofallthepatientsincancerwards?

[聽力原文]

很多無家可歸的狗和貓流浪在城市的街頭。他們的結(jié)局往往是被動物收容所收

留,在那里工作人員必須想方設(shè)法處理他們。一個合法的處理途徑是研究實驗室。

但是,在加州,動物權(quán)利保護組織最近特別依賴于動物收容所,有效地減少向動

物實驗室的供應(yīng)。

大約30年前,洛杉磯的選民們成功挫敗了禁止動物用于實驗室的提議。

但是,現(xiàn)在當(dāng)新的提議被提交到市議會和縣議會時,結(jié)果可能是不同的。新的提

議更有力。它們可能提議對所有的動物實驗都要進行檢查。一組加州的研究人員

甚至組織了一個委員會專門負責(zé)用于醫(yī)療目的的動物研究。

“多數(shù)的科學(xué)家沒有意識到其中的危險,"Caltech的神經(jīng)生物學(xué)家John

M.Allman說,他使用猴子來研究大腦的組織結(jié)構(gòu)。“在過去,至少在這個國家,

這種運動主要來自于一些小規(guī)模的、無組織的、影響力相對較小的團體。但是,

這次運動有良好的組織和資金來源?;仡檮游飳嶒灥臍v史,不難列出一系列的可

怕行為。但是研究人員可以把任何動物態(tài)意地當(dāng)作實驗品的日子不復(fù)存在了。”

Allman說,“人們沒有意識到,我們已經(jīng)反省了。在我的工作中,我必須嚴格

遵循國家健康研究所和美國心理協(xié)會制定的倫理章程。美國農(nóng)業(yè)部的官員們會不

定期地來突然檢查,這由農(nóng)業(yè)部的獸醫(yī)來執(zhí)行。信不信由你,這些檢查官員一點

都不按照常規(guī),他們權(quán)力很大,因為他們的報告可以影響到聯(lián)邦政府的財政撥款,

因此他們的建議實際上就是命令。”

動物權(quán)利保護者們不應(yīng)該把他們的解決方法強加給社會。當(dāng)醫(yī)學(xué)研究對我

們的健康和保障極其有利的時候,如果飽受制度重壓和財政限制的研究人員再遭

受進一步的阻力,這確實會是一個悲劇。

我不知道,那些借口違反倫理道德而制止動物實驗的天真主義者是否會為

了自己和他人而拒絕接受通過動物實驗而獲得的治療方法或者信息呢?他們是

否有權(quán)替那些癌癥病房里的病人做這樣的決定呢?

第26題:

Accordingtothetext,someoftheanimalswithnoownerswillbe

A.killedbystaffoftheanimalshelters.

B.takenhomeandfedbythestaffthemselves.

C.usedforexperimentpurposes.

D.givenawaytokindstrangerswholovethem.

參考答案:C

答案解析:

10

選C。事實細節(jié)題。文章第一段第二句說“其中一個合法的處理途徑就是實驗室

研究”,也就是說用于試驗?zāi)康摹F渌麕讉€選項雖然也有可能出現(xiàn),但是不是文

章所提及的內(nèi)容。

第27題:

AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.PeopleinLosAngelesvotedagainstsendinganimalstolaboratory

30yearsago.

B.PeopleinLosAngelesvotedforsendinganimalstoanimalshelters

30yearsago.

C.NowpeopleinLosAngelesholdthesameattitudestowardthe

laboratoryuseofanimalsas30yearsago.

D.TheattitudeofpeopleinLosAngelestowardthelaboratoryuseof

animalshaschangedinthepast30years.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

選Do文章第二段第一句說“30年前人們否決了一項禁止把動物用于試驗的提

案”,證明投票人30年前是贊成把動物用于試驗用途的。而后面又說“現(xiàn)在新

的提案可能被提交,而且結(jié)果可能會不同”,證明人們的態(tài)度在30年間發(fā)生了

變化。

第28題:

Ifanimalrightsadvocatesrealizetheirideasontheexperimentation,

then

A.thescientistsaresuretogainmoreresearchresults.

B.thedevelopmentofmedicalsciencemayslowdown.

C.itmayhelpthescientiststogainmorefinancialaid.

D.thegovernmentmayloosentheirregulationoftheexperimentation.

參考答案:B

答案解析:

選B。推理題。文章第四段說這些動物權(quán)益維護者不把他們的決議強加于社會是

很重要的。特別是當(dāng)我們的醫(yī)學(xué)接近了解更多的對我們健康和福利有用的知識

時,如果現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)被各種規(guī)定和國家基金資助弄得束手束腳的研究人員再繼續(xù)受

到阻礙的話,他們的行為會產(chǎn)生悲劇性后果。證明如果他們的想法實現(xiàn)了,那么

醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展就要減緩。

第29題:

Theauthor'sbasicargumentisthat

A.animalrightsadvocateshavenorightstomakedecisionsforothers.

B.usinganimalsinexperimentshasnothingtodowithmoral.

C.thedevelopmentofmedicalsciencewillnotbeinfluencedbyanimal

advocates.

11

D.animaladvocatesplantotakecontrolofgovernmentpower.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

選A。推理題。文章最后一句提到“他們是否有權(quán)代表躺在癌癥病房里的病人做

出這樣的決定呢?”說明動物權(quán)益保護者沒有為他人做出決定的權(quán)利。

第30題:

Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspeoplewhoopposeanimal

experimentation?

A.Supportive.

B.Ambiguous.

C.Indifferent.

D.Critical.

參考答案:D

答案解析:

選D。態(tài)度題。作者提到動物權(quán)益保護者會阻礙醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員的研究工作。末尾

又用反問質(zhì)問這些人“有沒有權(quán)利替別人做決定”,說明作者對他們持批評態(tài)度。

Zoosareamongmankind,soldestinstitutions,datingbackatleast

4,500years,andprobablymore.Acrosstheworldtheyhavebrought

togetheranddisplayedlivewildanimalsforpeopletolookatandover

theyears(hundredsofmillions)have.Anyinstitutionwithsolonga

historyandsouniversallyattendedmustreachsomethinginpeopledeeper

thanidlecuriosity.Sinceitisfashionabletospeakofrootstoday,it

mightbesuggestedthatzoosallowustostayintouchwithourmost

primitiverootsinaprimevalworldwherehumansurvivaldependedon

knowingtheshapesandhabitsofwildanimals.Soimportantwerewild

creaturestoourdistantancestorsthattheywerethemostfrequent

subjectsofpaintingsoncavewalls,formedthebasisforvirtuallyall

earlyreligions,andwereinnumerousinstancesworshippedasgods.

Nowoursurvivalisthreatenedmorebywhatweourselveshave

worked,andbythestressesoflivingamongthesecreations,thanitis

bywildanimalstowhomwerelegatelessandlesslivingspacewitheach

passingyear.Inthisworldtheneedforgoodzoologicalgardensisurgent.

Theexponentialgrowthofhumanpopulationandtheever-increasingsprawl

ofcitiesdoesmorethanroblandfromwildlife:itpushestheanimals

fartherawayfromcitydwellers.Peopleliveinbrick,concrete,andglass

environmentswheretheylosealltouchwithwilderness;childrengrowup

whohavenevertriedtocatchafrog,neverseenahawksoaroradeer

stepdaintilyintoaforestclearing一letalonewatchedaherdof

elephantsambleacrosstheriveroraprideoflionsstalkprey.

Peoplewhohavethetimeandmoneycantakeanoccasionaltrip

12

totheremainingwildernessandfind,inplaceswherewildanimalsstill

live,therenewalofspiritthatcomesfromprolongedvisitstowild

country.Formillionsofotherswhoareunabletoleavethecitiesorcan,t

affordto,goodzooslaidoutamongplantsandtreescanbringwhat

conservationistlanPlayercalls“atasteofwilderness.Perhapsmore

importantinthelongrun,zooscanhelpgivedeprivedpeopleanawareness

thatwesharetheworldwithmanyotheranimalsandshouldhaveadecent

regardfortheirworthandrighttolive.Ifzoosdidnomorethan

accomplishthesetwoends,theywouldserveanoblepurpose.

Asithappens,however,today'szooscandofarmore.Theycan

becomebreedingcentersforthosewildspecieswhosecontinuedexistence

hasbecomeprecarious.Theterm,captivebreedingnhasbeenusedto

describethisnewroleofzoos,andthisbookdescribestheeffort一the

mostimportanttaskthatzooshaveyetundertaken.

Vocabulary

primeval[adj.]原始的relegateEv.]轉(zhuǎn)

移,提交

exponential[adj.]指數(shù)型的,非常迅速的sprawl[n.]蔓延,擴展

stalk[v.]打獵時悄悄跟隨,潛近conservationist[n.]

保護自然環(huán)境論者

precarious[adj.]危險的,不穩(wěn)定的curiosity[n.]好奇心

ancestor[n.]祖先,祖宗zoological[adj.]

動物學(xué)的

daintily[adv.]優(yōu)美地amble[v.]緩行,

溜蹄

[聽力原文]

【文章導(dǎo)讀】

作者溯源尋根,介紹了動物在原始社會對于人類祖先的重要性。在現(xiàn)代生

活中,人類的生存受到了人類自身生產(chǎn)活動的威脅。人們強調(diào)自己的生活條件,

但是留給動物的生存空間卻越來越少。世界需要更多的動物園,它們可以讓人們

知道人類與動物共同生活在這個世界當(dāng)中,動物也應(yīng)該擁有自己的生存空間。

第31題:

Inthesecondsentenceofthefirstparagraph,uhundredsofmillions”

referstothegreatnumberof.

A.mankind,svariousinstitutions

B.zoosacrosstheworld

C.livewildanimalsdisplayed

D.peoplewhohavevisitedzoos

13

參考答案:D

答案解析:

詞義句意題。根據(jù)上下文明確指代關(guān)系題“Acrosstheworldtheyhavebrought

togetheranddisplayedlivewildanimalsforpeopletolookatandover

theyearshundredsofmillionshave.”這句話的是說“全世界的動物都被集

中起來供人們參觀,多年來數(shù)以億計的人們參觀了動物園。這里的“hundredsof

millionshavev顯然是省略句,完整的信息應(yīng)該是uhundredsofmillionsof

peoplehavelookedattheanimals",所以答案為[D]。

第32題:

Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmightbetheLEAST

threateningonetohumanity,ssurvivalnow?

A.Wildanimals.

B.Limitedspace.

C.Populationgrowth.

D.Cityexpansion.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

推理判斷題。作者在第二段的首句中說到“Nowoursurvivalisthreatened

morebywhatweourselveshaveworked,andbythestressesoflivingamong

thesecreations,thanitisbywildanimalstowhomwerelegatelessand

lesslivingspacewitheachpassingyear.",這句話表明人類自身的生產(chǎn)

活動要比野生動物對人類生存的威脅大得多,所以選[A]。

第33題:

Inthispassage,theauthorbelievesthatzoos.

A.enablepeopletoexperiencethefeelingofbeinginthenature

B.bringpoorpeopleasenseofcomfortwiththesightofanimals

C.makepeoplecherishtheirlifemorebyknowinganimals'fatebetter

D.servenoblepeoplefromlessthantwoaspectsinthelongrun

參考答案:A

答案解析:

事實細節(jié)題。作者認為現(xiàn)代社會的發(fā)展使許多城市人遠離了野生動物,動物園

可以幫助人們與野生動物保持聯(lián)系。有錢有時間的人可以到野外旅行,而多數(shù)人

則沒有這樣的機會。這便是動物園存在的兩個基本目的。即動物園可以使人們感

受到野生動物的環(huán)境,找到回歸自然的感覺,所以答案為[A]。

第34題:

Thispassagemightbetakenoutofa.

A.reviewofabook

B.prefacetoabook

C.lectureonabook

14

D.advertisementofabook

參考答案:B

答案解析:

推理判斷題。解決這一問題的關(guān)鍵應(yīng)該是把握關(guān)鍵詞句和文章語境。文章的最

后一句話“Theterm'captivebreeding,hasbeenusedtodescribethisnew

roleofzoos,andhisbookdescribestheeffort一themostimportanttask

thatzooshaveyetundertaken.v中,談到了"thisbook”。由此可以推測

這篇文章應(yīng)該是在這本書的前言或者序中出現(xiàn)的,故選[B]。

第35題:

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasthe

taskofzoos?

A.Gatheringanimalsforscientificstudies.

B.Educatingpeopletopaymoreattentiontoanimals.

C.Preventingrareanimalsfromextinction.

D.Bringingpeopleatasteofwildness.

參考答案:A

答案解析:

事實細節(jié)題。本題覆蓋的范圍較大,需通讀全文才能作答。本文在第三段先后

提及了[D]和[B]兩個任務(wù),在第四段中提到了[C],只是說法上有所改變。[A]

雖然看似符合邏輯,但細看本文,卻并未提及。

Aftermorethanfiveyearsofinvestigation,theEuropeanCommission

hasfinedMicrosoftalmost€500mformonopolisticabusesandgivenit

fourmonthstomakelifeeasierforcompetitorsintheserverand

media-playermarkets.Butwithalong-windedappealinevitable,the

punishmentmayproveineffectual.

Microsoft'sforays(劫掠)intoasuccessionofnewmarketshave

landeditonthewrongsideofantitrustauthoritiesonbothsidesofthe

Atlanticmanytimesbefore.Duringthelate1990s,thecompanyfoughtan

aggressiveantitrustsuitfromAmerica,sDepartmentofJustice.The

departmentargued,asEuropeancompetitionregulatorsarenowdoing,that

MicrosoftwasabusingitsdominanceinthePCoperating-softwaremarket

inordertoexpandintoothermarkets.Theothermarketinthatcasewas

theoneforinternetbrowsers,thendominatedbyNetscape.Thecaseled

toagroundbreakingjudgment,in2000,thattheonlysolutionwasa

break-upofMicrosoftintotwocompanies:onemakingtheWindowsoperating

software,andonemakingtheapplicationsthatrunonit.Thatway,there

wouldbenoreasonforthemakerofWindowstofavorproductslike

MicrosoftOfficeorthefirm'sInternetExplorerbrowserattheexpense

ofrivals'products.

However,thatjudgmentwasreversedin2001aftertheClinton

15

administration,whichhadadoptedanaggressiveantitruststance,was

replacedbyamorebusiness-friendlyBushadministration.Thenew

judgmentcancelledthebreak-up,andinsteadinsistedon^behavioral

remedies”.MicrosoftwastoallowPC-makerstocarrybrowsersotherthan

InternetExplorer,forinstance,butthecompanycouldstillbundleany

productitwishedintoWindows.Itistellingthatmanyofthecomplaints

thathavedriventheEuropeancaseagainstMicrosoftaroseafterthis

judgment,suggestingthattheAmericanremedieshadlittleeffectonits

behavior.

TheEuropeancasewassparkedbya1998complaintbySun

Microsystems,whichallegedthatMicrosoftwasnotsharingcodefromits

PCoperatingsystems,makingitdifficultforSuntomakeserversthat

interactedsmoothlywithWindowswhenMicrosoftwasitselftryingtoenter

theservermarket.Thecasewaslaterbroadenedsothat,likeAmerica's,

itconcernedthebundlingofMicrosoft,sapplicationsoftware一inthis

case,MediaPlayer一withtheWindowsoperatingsystem.RealNetworks,then

thedominantmakerofPCaudio-visualsoftware,claimedthatthis

clobbereddemandforitsproduct,whichmanyconsideredtobebetterthan

Microsoft's.RealNetworks,shareofthismarkethassincefallenbehind

thatofWindowsMediaPlayer.

RealNetworksandSunarebothpursuingseparatelegalactions

againstMicrosoftinAmerica.Furthermore,thousandsofconsumershave

joinedclass-actionsuits.ThoughMicrosofthasnowsettledmanyofthese,

thefirstclass-actionsuittocometotrialiscurrentlybeforeajudge

inMinnesota;theplaintiffsareseekingmorethan$400mindamagesdue

toallegedovercharging.Microsofttookthediplomaticstepof

apologizingforpastwrongdoingsintheopeningofitsdefence.Butmany

一includingtheEU—seethecompanyasapersistentoffenderthathas

wriggled(脫身)outofsettlementaftersettlement.

[聽力原文]

在經(jīng)過五年多的調(diào)查之后,歐盟委員會以壟斷性惡意競爭的罪名判處微軟公司近

5億英鎊的罰款并且限微軟在四個月內(nèi)使它在服務(wù)器和媒體播放器領(lǐng)域的競爭

對手好過一些。但是由于長時間的上訴不可避免,因此該處罰可能基本沒有什

么效力。

微軟公司不斷侵人一系列的新市場,在以前這就已經(jīng)多次惹惱了大西洋兩

岸的反壟斷當(dāng)局。20世紀90年代后期,微軟就在美國司法部打了一場非常激烈

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