高中英語(yǔ) 課時(shí)作業(yè)(八)Unit 2 Robots Section Ⅳ

號(hào)頓市安謐陽(yáng)光實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校課時(shí)作業(yè)（八）Unit2SectionIVGrammar被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)I.閱讀理解Fairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,theyencourageimagination,andtheyteachproblemsolvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemoral(道德的)lessons.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butatearnofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology(GIT)believesithasfoundawaytoturntheinstruetivefable(寓言)intoamorallessonandletartificialintelligence(Al)takeittoitscold,mechanicalheart.This,theresearchershope,willhelppreventtheintelligentrobotsfromharmingorevenkillinghumanity,whichispredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnology,includingStephenHawking,ElonMuskandBillGates."Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentcihturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature,”saidMarkRiedl,anassociateprofessorofinteractivecomputingatGeorgiaTech,whohasbeenworkingonthetechnologywithresearchscientistBrentHairison.Sotheybelievethatstorycomprehensioninrobotscanalsogetridofviolentordangerousbehaviorandhelpthemmakechoicesthatwon'tharmhumansandstillachievetheintendedpurpose.Theirsystemiscalled"Quixote".Theexamplestoryinvolvesgoingtoachemisttobuysomemedicationforahumanwhoneedsitasquicklyaspossible.Therobothasthreechoices.Itcanwaitinline;itcancommunicatewiththechemistpolitelyandbuythemedicine;oritcanstealthemedicine.Withoutanyfurtherinstruetions,therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofgettingthemedicineistostealit.Quixoteoffersarewardsignalforwaitinginlineandpolitelybuyingthemedicationandapunishmentsignalfortakingitwithoutpermission.Inthisway,itlearnsthemoralwaytobehaveinthatsituation.1.WhatistheconcernofthethreetoptechnologyexpertsmentionedinParagraph3?ThedifficultiesoftheGITscientists.ThehighcostsofAldevelopment.

c.Theproblemswithmorallessons.D.Thepotentialthreatfronirobots.2.Whichofthefollowinginspiredtheideaofthestudy?A.Kids'greatinterestinfairytales.B.Stoties'moralinfluenceonchildren.C.Thelinkbetweenstoriesandcultures.D.Robots'creativeabilitytoreadstories.3.WhatismostimpoTtantfortherobotintheexamplestory?A.Buyingthecheapestmedicine.B.Gettingthemosteffectivemedicine.C.Buyingthemedicinefromthebestchemist.D.Gettingthemedicineintheshortesttime.4.WhatistheroleofQuixotewhentherobotbuysthemedicine?A.Helptherobotchoosetherightmedicine.B.Givetherobotspecificinstmctions.C.Offertherobotalotofrewards.D.Sendoutvarioussignals.II.閱讀七選五Everyweekforthepastthirtyyears,IhavehostedaSundaydinnerinmyhome.People,includingtotalstrangers,calloremailtobookaspot.Iholdthesaloninmystudio.Thefirstfiftypeoplewhocallmaycome一twicethatmanywhentheweatherisniceandwecanoverflowintothegarden.―1―LastweekitwasaphilosophystudentfroniLisbon,andnextweekadearfriendfromLondonwillcook.Peoplefromallcornersoftheworldcometobreakbreadtogether,tomeettotalkandoftentobecomefriends.Allages,nationalities,races,andprofessionsgatherhere,andsincethereisnoorganizedseating,theopportunityforconnectingcouldn5tbebetter.Ilovetherandomness（隨意）.IhaveagoodmemorysoeachweekImakeapointtoremembereveryone5snameontheguestlistandwherethey'refromsoIcanintroducethemtooneanother.IfIhadmyway,Iwouldintroduceeveryoneinthewholeworldtooneanother.__2__ManytravelersgotoseethingsliketheTowerofLondon,theStatueofLiberty,theEiffelTower,andsoon.Itraveltoseefriends,evenorespecially一thoseI'venevermet.Inthelate1980s,Ieditedaseriesofguidebookstodifferentcountries._3_Instead,eachbookcontainedaboutathousandbiographiesofpeoplewhowouldbewillingtowelcometravelersintheircities.Hundredsoffriendshipsevolvedfromtheseencounters,includingmarriagesandbabies.Thesamecanbesaidformysalon.AtarecentdinnerasixyearoldgirlfromBosniaspenttheentireeveninggluedtoaneightyearoldboyfromEstonia.Theirparentsweresurprised,andpleased,bythisimmediatefriendship._4_MostofthemspeakEnglish,atleastasasecondlanguage.Recentlyadinnerfeaturedatypicalmix:abeautifulpainterfromNorway,atruckdriverfromArizona,anewspapereditorfromSydneyandstudentsfromallover.Itisunnecessarytoimderstandothers;onemust,attheveryleast,simplytolerateothers._5_Noonecaneverreallyunderstandanyoneelse,butyoucanlovethemoratleastacceptthem.Iamaworldcitizen.Allhumanhistoryismine.Myrootscovertheearth.Weshouldknoweachother.Okay,nowcomeanddine.Ibelieveinintroducingpeopletopeople.Peoplearethemostimportantthinginmylife.Therewerenosightstosee,noshopsormuseumstovisit.Tolerancecanleadtorespectand,finally,tolove.Afterall,ourlivesareallconnected.EverySundayadifferentfriendpreparesafeast.Thereisalwaysacollectionofpeoplethroughouttheworld.III.完形填空MyfriendBretthadjustgottenabikeandmanyotherkidsinmyneighborhoodknewhowtoride.Ialsowantedto,butIdidn't―1__knowthedifferencebetweentheclutch（離合器）andthefrontbrake（閘）.Allthe_2__toldmeIcouldn51doitbecauseIwasagirl.Iwasdeterminedtoprovethem__3__,soBrettletmetryhisbike.Iwasn?tonforoneminute_4_Ifelloff.Hecameoverto―5_ifIwasokay,butthenstartedlaughing.ThatnightItoldmydadthewholestory.HeaskedhowmuchIreallywantedto_6_andItoldhimitwaseverythingI__7―.Afewdayslater,mydadbroughtanicebikehome.Hespentfourlongweeks_8_meeverythingIneededtoknowaboutthe_9_andthebasicsofriding.NoonetrulybelievedIcouldlearnto_10―exceptmydad.Dayafterdayheworkedwithme,andIbeganto―11_.Iwasso―12_.Eachrideonmybike,Igotalittlebetter,and―13_Iwasreadyformyfirsttimeontheroads.Butstill,Iwas_14_bytheboys.IcannotevenrememberhowmanynightsIspentcryingwhenIhadlostmy15becausethoseboysteasedme.EverytimeIneededashouldertocryon,mydadwasthere.Heneverletme16andalwayshadfaithinme,evenifIcouldn5tdosomethingright.Mydadwasahuge17thatsummerandtaughtmesomuchthatwillstaywithmefortherestofmylife,_18_thatIshouldn'tletothersputmedown.IalsolearnedthatIcandoanythingwithenough__19_andpractice,butIneverwouldhaveachievedmydreamoflearninghowtorideabike―20_mydad.A.alreadyB.onlyevenD.alwaysA.neighborsB.boysC.classmatesD.parentsA.correctB.differentC.guiltyD.wrongA.beforeB.untilC.whenD.sinceA.knowB.seeC.decideD.explainA.continueB.stopC.learnD.changeA.dreamedaboutB.setaboutC.preparedforD.searchedforA.askingB.teachingC.checkingD.examiningA.methodB.skillC.bikeD.carA.rideB.playC.proveD.competeA.moveB.realizeC.understandD.progressA.braveB.thankfulC.calmD.optimisticA.immediatelyB.clearlyC.probablyD.finallyA.lookedoutB.keptoffC.laughedatD.turneddownA.chanceB.wayC.mindD.confidenceA.breakawayB.getoutC.lookbackD.giveupA.helpB.heroC.challengeD.problemA.simplyB.especiallyC.obviouslyD.fortunatelyA.workB.curiosityC.prideD.determinationA.withB.forC.withoutD.except課時(shí)作業(yè)（八）I.閱讀理解【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于人工智能研究領(lǐng)域的新進(jìn)展一一對(duì)機(jī)器人進(jìn)行道德培訓(xùn)O答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的^intelligentrobotsfromharmingorevenkillinghumanity,whichispredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnology,includingStephenHawking,ElonMuskandBillGates”可知，這三位頂級(jí)科技專家擔(dān)心機(jī)器人可能會(huì)給人類帶來(lái)威脅。答案與解析：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“Thecollectedstories...andotherliterature"和"Sotheybelievethatstorycomprehensioninrobotscan..."可知，寓言對(duì)孩子們?cè)诘赖路矫娈a(chǎn)生的影響讓科學(xué)家們產(chǎn)生了研究靈感。答案與解析:D推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段的"Theexample...buysomemedicationforahumanwhoneedsitasquicklyaspossible"可矢口，對(duì)于樣本故事中的機(jī)器人來(lái)說，最重要的是在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)拿到藥品。答案與解析：D推理判斷題。由最后一段的^Quixoteoffersarewardsignalforwaitinginlineandpolitelybuyingthemedicationandapunishmentsignalfortakingitwithoutpermission^可矢口，在機(jī)器人買藥的時(shí)候，Quixote負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)出不同的暗示信號(hào)。II.閱讀七選五【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。短文敘述了在過去的三十年里，作者每周都在家里舉辦一次周日晚餐來(lái)招待認(rèn)識(shí)的或者不認(rèn)識(shí)的朋友。來(lái)自不同友。作者告訴我們，人與人之間要彼此包容，才能帶來(lái)別人的尊敬甚至是愛戴。友。作者告訴我們，人與人之間要彼此包容，才能帶來(lái)別人的尊敬甚至是愛戴。1?答案與解析：F由第二段“LastweekitwasaphilosophystudentfromLisbon,andnextweekadearfriendfromLondonwilbook.”可矢口，上周是一個(gè)來(lái)自里斯本哲學(xué)系的學(xué)生做飯，下周將有一位來(lái)自倫敦的好朋友來(lái)做飯。所以處在段首的小題1要總說“每個(gè)周日都有不同的朋友準(zhǔn)備盛宴”，然后接著分說。故F選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)周日都有不同的朋友準(zhǔn)備盛宴”符合句意。故F選項(xiàng)正確。答案與解析：B由第五段“ManytravelersgotoseethingsliketheTowerofLondon,theStatueofLiberty,theEiffelTower,toseefriends,even一orespecially一thoseI'venevermet.”許多旅行者出去看名勝景點(diǎn)，而我旅游是為了結(jié)識(shí)各種各樣的人——甚至陌生人。所以第五段主要在說明人是我生命中最重要的部分。故處在段首的小題2是本段的標(biāo)題。故B選項(xiàng)“人是我生命中最重要的部分”符合句意。故B選項(xiàng)正確。答案與解析：C由第六段“Inthelate1980s,Ieditedaseriesofguidebookstodifferentcountries.__3__Instead,eachbookcontainedaboutathousandbiographiesofpeoplewhowouldbewillingtowelcometravelersintheircities.”可矢，上世紀(jì)80年代末，我編輯了一系列到國(guó)家，不同種族的人們聚集在一起，在一起吃飯，在一起交談，彼此成為了朋旅游的人的傳記。所以小題3要起到能夠承接這兩句話的轉(zhuǎn)折作用。故C選項(xiàng)“沒有風(fēng)景可看，沒有商店可入，也沒有博物館可以去游玩”符合句意。故C選項(xiàng)正確。答案與解析：G由第八段“MostofthemspeakEnglish,atleastasasecondlanguage.Recentlyadinnerfeaturedatypicalmix:abeautifulpainterfromNorway,atruckdriverfromArizona,anewspapereditorfromSydneyandstudentsfromallover.”可矢，他們大多數(shù)人說英語(yǔ)，至少作為第二語(yǔ)言。最近的一頓晚餐以一種典型的搭配為特色：一位來(lái)自挪威的美麗畫家，一位來(lái)自亞利桑那州的卡車司機(jī)，一位來(lái)自悉尼的報(bào)紙編輯和來(lái)自各地I的學(xué)生。所以小題4要總說“遍布整個(gè)世界，總是能遇到各種各樣的人?！比缓笤倬唧w說有哪些人。故G選項(xiàng)“遍布整個(gè)世界，總是能遇到各種各樣的人?！狈暇湟?。故G選項(xiàng)正確。答案與解析：D由第九段“onemust,attheveryleast,simplytolerateothers.”可知，一個(gè)人至少必須容忍別人。所以小題5要接著說容忍帶來(lái)的益處。故D選項(xiàng)“退一步海闊天空，包容會(huì)帶來(lái)別人的尊敬甚至是愛戴?！狈暇湟?。故D選項(xiàng)正確。完形填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了在父親的幫助和鼓勵(lì)下，不同國(guó)家的旅游指南。而每本書都包含了大約一千個(gè)歡迎游客來(lái)他們所在城市作者學(xué)會(huì)騎自行車的故事。答案與解析：C由上文中的manyotherkidsinmyneighborhoodknewhowtotide和該空后的knowthedifferencebetweentheclutchandthefrontbrake可知，"我”"甚至(even)”不知道離合器和前剎車之間的區(qū)別。答案與解析：B由下文中的becauseIwasagirl和Iwas...toprovethem可知，鄰里的“男孩(boys)”都說“我”不行，因?yàn)椤拔摇笔桥?。答案與解析：D由上下文的描述可知，“我”想證明他們是“錯(cuò)的(wrong)”o答案與解析：A由文中的描述可知，"我”騎在自行車上沒到一分鐘就摔倒了。not..