DB12-T1051-2021地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)均一化處理技術(shù)規(guī)程

1212ICS07.060CCSA47天 津 市 地 方 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)DB12/T1051—2021地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)均一化處理技術(shù)規(guī)程Codeofpracticeforhomogenizationprocessingtechniquesofsurfacewindspeedobservationdata2021-04-30發(fā)布 2021-06-01實施天津市場監(jiān)理委員會 發(fā)布DB12/T1051DB12/T1051—2021II前 言本文按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)化作導(dǎo)則 第部分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文的結(jié)和起規(guī)則的起草。本文件由天津市氣象局提出并歸口。本文件起草單位：天津市氣象信息中心。本文件主要起草人：司鵬、吳安軍、石玉恒、孟輝、王敏、姜罕盛、羅傳軍。PAGEPAGE2地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)均一化處理技術(shù)規(guī)程范圍本文件規(guī)定了天津地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)均一化處理技術(shù)的內(nèi)容和方法，以及質(zhì)量評估。本文件適用于對天津地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)的處理分析。（QX/T37-2020 氣臺歷史革據(jù)件QX/T118-2020 象資料量制地面下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。3.1地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)速geostrophicwindspeed自由大氣中水平氣壓梯度力和地轉(zhuǎn)偏向力相平衡時空氣的水平運動速度，單位為米每秒（m/s）。3.2均一化homogenization剔除氣候資料序列中由于人為因素導(dǎo)致的系統(tǒng)誤差的過程。3.3時間序列timeseries在連續(xù)時間內(nèi)記錄下來的有序觀測或統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。3.4待檢序列candidateseries被進(jìn)行均一化檢驗的時間序列。3.5參考序列referenceseries代表待檢序列所處位置的真實天氣氣候變化的時間序列。3.6檢驗序列detectedseries待檢序列與參考序列比值的時間序列。3.7斷點breakpoints時間序列中顯著不連續(xù)的突變點。3.8訂正數(shù)據(jù)adjusteddata通過統(tǒng)計方法計算得到的代替斷點以前時間序列的數(shù)據(jù)。3.9趨勢幅度trendamplitude時間序列一元線性回歸模型中求解的斜率，單位為米每秒每年（m/s/yr）。內(nèi)容QX/T37-2020第QX/T118-202033～5（1）；1∑??

????????)= ????=1 ························································(1)√1∑????2√1∑?????2????=1 ????=1式中：——時間序列長度；——待檢序列某一時間的風(fēng)速值；?式中：——與待檢序列相同時間的鄰近站點時間序列風(fēng)速值；3=[∑3

2/???]/∑3

2·····························································(2)式中：

=1

=1——待檢序列與鄰近站點時間序列的相關(guān)系數(shù)；???3～5（?），見公??式（3）；? =+1?,??=1,2,3,4……····················································(3)??式中：——時間序列長度。 ? ?? ??關(guān)系數(shù)，見公式（1）； ?5 ?? ??（2）；???檢驗序列的形成應(yīng)通過以下步驟實現(xiàn)：利用比值法構(gòu)造檢驗序列，見公式?式中：——待檢序列；?——

=

??··············································································(4)（5）??=(?······································································(5)??式中：?——檢驗序列的風(fēng)速累年平均值；????——檢驗序列的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差。4.2.3.14.2.3.2如果序列沒有不連續(xù)點存在，則統(tǒng)計假設(shè)為：對于任意??，(,1)；如果序列有一個不連續(xù)點，則統(tǒng)計假設(shè)為：{(??1,1),??*1,……,+(??2,1),??*+1,……,+

························································(6)式中：——時間序列的長度；??1??2????=?+(?)?··(7)???? =??????+=???+(?)?,1≤≤?1·(8)?????? 1 2??????如???? 大于定顯性平，存非一斷。??????注：合理是指斷點檢驗結(jié)果與元數(shù)據(jù)信息一致性較高。基于4.2.5.1確定的參考序列，利用懲罰最大??檢驗（??）對檢驗序列的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化序列進(jìn)行均一（Quantile-Matchingadjustments,QM）對4.2.5.2（?。?=1??··(9)??=1對比分析地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)訂正前、后各個時間尺度（日值、月值、年值）的時間序列的方差??。??=1∑??(??)2·································································(10)??=1對比分析地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)訂正前、后各個時間尺度（日值、月值、年值）的時間序列的趨勢幅度?????！???????????1(∑??????)(∑??????)??=??=1 ????=1 ??=1···························································(11)??

??2?

????)2式中：

??=1??

??=1——時間序列訂正前或后某一時間的風(fēng)速值；，23??。對比分析均一化訂正后的地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)與其對應(yīng)的地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)速的趨勢變化特點。利用4.2.3.1建立的待檢序列的氣壓三角（(1)、(2)、(3)）來計算地轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)速序列，步驟如下：=√??2+??2······································································(12)????=?1????·········································································(13)????????=1????···········································································(14)????(1)=??1????+??1????+?????? ????(2)=??2????+??2????+??···························································(15)???? ????{(3)=??3????+??3????+?????? ??????=

3∑??=1∑

2????sin3

·····································································(16)5.5

式中：——角速度；??——緯度；??——地球半徑；??——經(jīng)度。誤差分析

??=??×??×cos?? (17)??=??×??··········································································(18)分析均一化訂正后的地面風(fēng)速觀測數(shù)據(jù)與國內(nèi)外權(quán)威發(fā)布的同類數(shù)據(jù)產(chǎn)品的誤差。宜利用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤差（StandardError，SE）和平均絕對誤差（MeanAbsoluteError，MAE）兩種統(tǒng)計量。SE=[1

∑?? ′ ?′21/2··························································(19)???1

=