2020屆上海虹口區(qū)高三英語一模試卷含答案

虹口區(qū)2019學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期終學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷測試

高三英語試卷2019.12GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.InnovationsthatwillchangetheclassroomAmericanschoolsaregoinghigh-tech.Manysymbolswestillassociatewithclassroomsandlearning,likechalkboards,pens,notebooks-evenclassrooms(21) ---arequicklybecomingoutdated.AsthisweekmarksTheHuffingtonPost’s10thanniversary,we’lltakealookatsomeproductsthat(22) (introduce)toclassroominthepastdecadeandhavethepotentialtochangetheeducationallandscapeintheyears(23) (come).RemoteLearningSomeschoolsarecuttingdownonsnowdays,thankstotechnology.Ratherthangivingkidsthedayoff(24) weatherconditionsaretoodangerousforcommuting,theseschoolsareaskingstudentstofollowclassroomlessonsonline.Althoughkids(25) (hope)forasnowdaymaynotparticularlyappreciatetheseadvancementsindigitallearning,onlinelessonsallowthesekidstocompletetheircourseworkandstillinteractwithpeers.Somestudentswithmedicalconditions(26) “go”toschoolviavideoconferencingorevenwiththehelpofrobotsenabledwithvideochatthattheycancontrolremotely.eBooksDiscoveryEducationhasbeenreplacingtraditionaltextbookswithoriginal“techbooks”forsixyears.These“techbooks”canalsobeswitchedtoSpanish請預(yù)覽后下載！請預(yù)覽后下載！請預(yù)覽后下載！orFrench,Kinneysaid,(27) allowssomeparentswhodon’tspeakEnglishtohelptheirkidswiththeirhomework.EducationalGamesIn-classgamingoptionshaveevolvedtoincludemoreeducationaloptions.GlassLabcreateseducationalgamesthatarenowbeingusedinmorethan6,000classroomsacrossthecountry.Teachersgetreal-timeupdatesonstudents’progressaswellassuggestionson(28) subjectstheyneedtospendmoretimeperfecting.TheInternetandotherdigitaltoolshavesomedrawbacks.They’reoftendistracting,(29) mostdevelopmentshaveexcitingimplicationsforthefuture.Overthelast10years,technologicalinnovationshavemadeeducationmoreinteractive,immediateand(30) (personalize),--andhaveshownusthepotentialformoreaccessibleandeffectiveclassrooms.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.pleasurableB.alteration C.likelihood D.fortunatelythickeningimmediateG.physicallyH.temporaryI.shortnessJ.normalizeK.weakenedHowdoCigarettesAffecttheBody?Cigarettesaren’tgoodforus.Buthowexactlydocigarettesharmus?Let’slookatwhathappensastheiringredientsmaketheirwaythroughourbodies,andhowwebenefit(31) whenwefinallygiveupsmoking.Insidetheairwaysandlungs,smokeincreasesthe(32) ofinfectionsaswellaslong-lastingdiseases.Itdoesthisbydamagingthetinyhair-liketissueswhichkeeptheairwaysclean.That’soneofthereasonssmokingcanleadtooxygenlossand(33) ofbreath.Withinabout10seconds,thebloodstreamcarriesastimulantcallednicotinetothebrain,creatingthe(34) sensationswhichmakesmokinghighlyaddictive.Nicotineandotherchemicalsfromthecigarette,atthesametime,causetightnessofbloodtubes,restrictingbloodflow.Theseeffectsonbloodtubesleadto(35) ofbloodtubewalls,increasingthepossibilityofheartattacksandstrokes.Manyofthechemicalsinsidecigarettescanactivatedangerous(36) inthebody’sDNAthatmakecancersform.Infact,aboutoneofeverythreecancerdeathsintheUnitedStatesiscausedbysmoking.Andit’snotjustlungcancer.Smokingcancausecancerinmultipletissuesandorgans,aswellasdamagedeyesightand(37) bones.Itmakesitharderforwomentogetpregnant.Andinmen,itcancauselong-termdamagesofbodyfunctions.Butforthosewhoquitsmoking,there’sahugepositiveupsidewithalmost(38) andlong-lastingphysicalbenefits.Adayafterceasing,heartattackriskbeginstodecreaseasbloodpressureandheartrates(39) .Lungsbecomehealthierafteraboutonemonth,withlesscoughing.Aftertenyears,thechancesofdevelopingfatallungcancergodownby50%,probablybecausethebody’sabilitytorepairDNAisonceagainrestored.There’snopointpretendingthisisalleasytoachieve.Quittingcanleadtoanxietyanddepression.Butfortunately,sucheffectsareusually(40) .Adviceandsupportgroupsandmoderateintensityexercisealsohelpsmokersstaycigarette-free.That’sgoodnews,sincequittingputsyouandyourbodyonthepathbacktohealth.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.AInc.ischeckingoutofChina’sfiercelycompetitivedomestice-commercemarket.ThecompanytoldsellersonThursdaythatitwouldnolonger__41__itsthird-partyonlinemarketplaceorprovidesellerservicesonitsChinesewebsite,A.___42___,domesticcompanieswillnolongerbeabletosellproductstoChineseconsumersonitse-commerceplatform.Thedecisionmarksanendtoalong___43___byAmerica’se-commercegiantsintheChinesemarket.ThefirmsenteredtheChinesemarketwithgreatattentionintheearly2000s,onlyto___44___inthefaceofcompetitionfromChina’sfaster-movingInternetgiants.Amazonhasbeenintalksto___45___itse-commercebusinessforgoodsimportedintoChinawithaChinesecompetitor,NetEaseInc.’sKaola,inastock-for-stocktransaction（交易），accordingtoapersonfamiliarwiththematter.ThatwouldremovetheAmazonnamefrom___46___e-commerceinChina.Neithercompanywouldconfirmtheprogressordetailsofthose___47___,norwouldtheysayiftheyarecontinuing.Inawrittenstatement,Amazonsaiditremained___48___toChinathroughitsglobalstores,Kindlebusinessesandwebservices.AmazonChina’spresidentwouldleavetotakeonanotherrolewithinthecompany,thecompanysaid.TheChinaconsumer-businessteamwillreport___49___tothecompany’sglobalteam.WhenAmazonfirstenteredChinain2004withthe___50 ofJ,itwasthelargestonlinesellerforbooks,musicandvideothere.MostChineseconsumerswereusingcash-on-deliveryastheirtoformof___51___.Today,AmazonChinachieflycaterstocustomerslookingforimportedinternationalgoodssuchascosmeticsandmilkpowderandisa（n）___52___playerintheboomingChinesee-commercemarket.AmazonChinacommandedjust6%ofgrossmarketvolumeintheniche（細(xì)分的）cross-bordere-commercemarketinthefourthquarterof2018,versusNetEaseKaola’s25%___53___andthe32%heldbyAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sTmallInternationalChineseconsumersarebecomingmorefascinatedwith___54___brands.In2011,85%ofChineseconsumerssaidtheywouldalwaysbuyaforeignbrandoveradomesticone.By2016,60%ofrespondentssaidtheypreferreddomesticoverforeignbrands.ShaunRein,ChinaMarketresearch’sfounder,saidAmericanecommercegiants___55___obstaclesinChinabecausetheydidn’tofferedtheproductsoruserexperiencethatconsumerswerelookingfor.A.assistB.expandC.operateD.tailorA.AsaresultB.BycontrastC.ForexampleD.Inaddition43.A.criticismB.negotiationC.struggleD.resolution44.A.interactB.withdrawC.splitD.survive45.A.associateB.combineC.exchangeD.supply46.A.time-consumingB.long-sufferingC.ever-lasting D.consumer-facing47.A.talksB.businessesC.competitionsD.instructions48.A.relatedB.accustomedC.exposedD.committed49.A.automaticallyB.directlyC.regularlyD.secretly50.A.breakdownB.improvementC.purchaseD.participation51.A.refundB.paymentC.sponsorshipD.trade52.A.complicatedB.criticalC.originalD.insignificant53.A.shareB.budgetC.volumeD.maximum54.A.foreignB.luxuriousC.domesticD.fashionable55.A.dealtwithB.forgotaboutC.gotthroughD.cameacrossSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Englishpassageisfollowedby

severalquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

請預(yù)覽后下載！請預(yù)覽后下載！請預(yù)覽后下載！choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)PeopleworrythatdevelopmentsinArtificialIntelligence,orA.I.,willbringaboutapointinhistorywhenA.I.overtakeshumanintelligence,leadingtoanunimaginablerevolutioninhumanaffairs.Ortheywonderwhetherinsteadofourcontrollingartificialintelligence,itwillcontrolus.Thesituationmaynotariseforhundredsofyearstocome,butthisdoesn’tmeanwehavenothingtoworryabout.Onthecontrary,TheA.I.productsthatnowexistareimprovingfasterthanmostpeoplerealizeandpromisetofundamentallytransformourworld,notalwaysforthebetter.Theyareonlytools,notacompetingformofintelligence.Buttheywillreshapewhatworkmeansandhowwealthiscreated.UnliketheIndustrialRevolutionandtheComputerRevolution,theA.I.revolutionisnottakingcertainjobsandreplacingthemwithotherjobs.Instead,itisbelievedtocauseawide-scaleeliminationofjobs--mostlylower-payingjobs,butsomehigher-payingones,too.ThistransformationwillresultinenormousprofitsforthecompaniesthatdevelopA.I.,aswellasforthecompaniesthatadoptit.Wearethusfacingtwodevelopmentsthatdonotsiteasilytogether;enormouswealthconcentratedinrelativelyfewhandsandenormousnumbersofpeopleoutofwork.Whatistobedone?PartoftheanswerwillinvolveeducatingorretrainingpeopleintasksA.I.toolsaren’tgoodat.Artificialintelligenceispoorlysuitedforjobsinvolvingcreativity,planningand“cross-field”thinking.Buttheseskillsaretypicallyrequiredbyhigh-payingjobsthatmaybehardtoretraindisplacedworkerstodo.Morepromisingarelower-payingjobsinvolvingthe“peopleskills”thatA.I.lacks:socialworkers,barmen,doormen--professionsrequiringhumaninteraction.Buthowmanybarmendoesasocietyreallyneed?Thesolutiontotheproblemofmassunemploymentwillinvolve“servicejobsoflove.”ThesearejobsthatA.I.cannotdo,thatsocietyneedsandthatgivepeopleasenseofpurpose.Examplesincludeaccompanyinganolderpersontovisitadoctor,helpingatanorphanageandservingasasponsoratcharityorganization.Thevolunteerservicejobsoftoday,inotherwords,mayturnintotherealjobsofthefuture.Othervolunteerjobsmaybehigher-payingandprofessional,suchascompassionatemedialserviceproviders.Inallcases,peoplewillbeabletochoosetoworkfewerhoursthantheydonow.InwhataspectistheA.I.revolutiondifferentfromtheIndustrialortheComputerrevolution?TheA.I.revolutionwillfinallybecomeonebeyondhuman’scontrol.A.I.isbelievedtoleadtoapointinhistorywhenittakesoverhumanintelligence.Higher-payingjobswilltaketheplaceoflower-payingonesintheA.I.revolution.Itmaybringaboutmassunemploymenttomatterhowmuchemployeesarepaid.Theunderlinedword“promising”inparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto.A.promotional B.demanding C.guaranteed D.potentialWhatdoestheauthorsuggestinthefaceoftheA.I.revolution?Itissensibletoencouragepeopletotakevolunteerjobs.Peopleshouldbeinstructedtodolessdemandingjobs.Theproblemofjoblosscanbesolvedbycreatinglower-payingjobs.Jobsrequiringknowledgeindifferentfieldsaresuitablefordisplacedworkers.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthebesttitleofthepassage?TheA.I.RevolutionCreatesNewJobOpportunities.ChallengestheA.I.RevolutionBringstoJobMarket.ADouble-edgedSword:theA.I.Revolution.InterrelationshipbetweenA.I.andUnemployment.(B)AdvancedRechargeableDigitalHearingAidTechnologyOnly$229!ThenewAdvancedHearClearHCR3rechargeablehearingandcombinesadvancedtechnologywithalowpricetoprovideyouwithoutstandingvalue.5starReviews!☆☆☆☆☆OutstandingProduct!“Thisproductisoutstanding.Dadlovesit,mymomlovesit,andIamgrateful!Don’tbelievethatyouhavetospendalotofmoneytogetaqualityhearingaid”--GilmoreB.HCR3Features!?NewAdvancedThirdGenerationAmericanTechnology?EasyON/OFFButton?AutomaticNoiseReductionandFeedbackCancellation?100%MoneyBackGuarantee? EvenBetterInPairs!Yourbrainisdesignedtousebothearsworkingtogether.Infact,studiesshowthatyoumaybeabletohearupto3timesbetterinnoisysituationswhenusingtwohearingaids.Buyapairforthebestresultsandmaximumsavings!Simple.Affordable.RechargeableDigitalHearingAid-ForOnly$229!ThenewHearClearHCR3RechargeableDigitalHearingAidsfeaturesadvancedthirdgenerationdigitaltechnologyatanunbelievablyaffordablePride!TheHCR3ispackedwiththesamekeytechnologiesthatallhighenddigitalhearingaidssharewhileleavingouttheextrabellsandwhistlesthatincreasecostandrequireexpensiveadjustments.Thishelpsyouhearbetter,whilesavingyoulotofmoney.YournewHearClearHCR3hearingaidsworkatafractionofthecostofname-brandhearingaids,andyouwon’thavetokeepchangingthebatteries!YouwilllovethecomfortableandlightweightOpen-fitdesign.TheHCR3ispreprogrammedformostmoderatetosignificanthearinglosses,soyouwon’tneedprofessionalappointmentstomakecostlyadjustments.Itisshippeddirectlytoyouandwillhelpyouhearbetterrightoutofthebox!Youcanspendthousandsforanexpensivehearingaid,oryoucanspendjust$249forhearingaidthatisgreatformosthearinglosses(only$229eachwhenyoubuyapair).Wearesosureyouwillloveyourhearingaidsthatweoffera100%MoneyBackGuarantee-RiskFreeifyouarenotsatisfiedforanyreason.HowmuchwillyoupayifyouwanttobuyapairofHCR3hearingaids?A.$229. B.$249 C.$458 D.$498Whichofthefollowingfeaturescanbeaddedtothesection“HCR3Features”?Built-inprogramsfordifferentlisteningsituations.Easyaccesstochangingbatteries.Digitalsoundprocessingchip.Simpleadjustmentswithoutprofessionalhelp.A.①③ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②③Onereasonwhybuyingapairofhearingaidsisrecommendedisthat .theHCR3guarantees100%refundifboughtinpairsitwillsaveconsumersupto$20forapairofhearingaidshumansarepre-programmedtobetterhearwithtwoearspeoplecanheartriplebetterinvarioussituationwithtwohearingaids(C)Forseveraldecades,therehasbeenanextensiveandorganizedcampaignintendedtogeneratedistrustinscience,fundedbyregulatedindustriesandlibertarianthinktanks(自由主義智囊團(tuán))whoseinterestsandbeliefsarethreatenedbythefindingsofmodernscience.Inresponse,scientistshavetendedtostressthesuccessofscience.Afterall,scientistshavebeenrightaboutmostthings,fromthestructureoftheuniversetotherelativityoftimeandspace.Quotingsuccessesisn’twrong,butformanypeopleit’snotpersuasive.Whatistypicallydeclaredtobethescientificmethod--developasupposition,thendesignanexperimenttotestit--isn’twhatscientistsactuallydo.Scienceisactivesothatnewmethodsgetinventedandoldonesgetabandoned.Thescientificmethoddoesn’talwayswork.Falsetheoriescanproducetrueresults,soevenifanexperimentworks,itdoesn’tprovethatthetheoryitwasdesignedtotestittrue.Ifthereisnoidentifiablescientificmethod,thenwhatistheguaranteefortrustinscience?Theansweristhemethodsbywhichthoseclaimsareevaluated.Ascientificclaimisneveracceptedastrueuntilithasgonethroughalongprocessofexaminationbyfellowscientists.Untilthispoint,scientificfeedbackistypicallyfairlyfriendly.Butthenextstepisdifferent:oncethepaperisready,itispresentedtoascientificjournal,wherethingsgetawholelottougher.Editorsdeliberatelysendscientificpaperstopeoplewhoarenotfriendsorcolleaguesoftheauthors,andthejoboftherevieweristofinderrorsorotherinadequacies.Wecallthisprocess“peerreview”becausethereviewersarescientificpeersbuttheyactintheroleofasuperiorwhohasboththerightandtheobligationtofindfault.Itisonlyafterthereviewersandtheeditoraresatisfiedthatanyproblemshavebeenfixedthatthepaperisacceptedforpublicationandentersthebodyof“science.”Doesthisprocessevergowrong?Ofcourse.Scientistsarehuman.Butifwelookcarefullyathistoricalcaseswheresciencewentwrong,typicallytherewasnoagreementreachedbyall.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldnottrustsciencebecausescientistsare“alwayschangingtheirminds.”Whileexamplesoftrulysettledsciencebeingoverturnedarefarfewerthanissometimesclaimed,theydoexist.Butthebeautyofthisscientificprocessisthatitexplainswhatmightotherwiseappearparadoxical（矛盾的）：thatscienceproducesbothnovelty（新穎性）andstability.Newobservations,ideas,interpretationsintroducenovelty：trans-formativequestioningleadstocollectivedecisionsandthestabilityofscientificknowledge.Scientistsdochangetheirmindsinthefaceofnewevidence,butthisisastrengthofscience,notaweakness.Distrustinsciencehasbeenfoundbecause .scientists’citingsuccessesisn’tpersuasiveformanypeopletosomeextentmostscientistshavetendedtolaytoomuchemphasisonthesuccessofscienceawide-rangingandorganizedcampaignhasbeenfoundedinsomeindustriesandthinktankssomeone’sbenefitsandbeliefsareendangeredbythefindingsofmodernscienceWhichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthoragreewithaboutascientificmethod?Ascientificmethoddoesn’tnecessarilytakeeffectbecausescienceischanging.Ascientificmethodisnotrightbecauseitisn’twhatscientistsactuallydo.Asuccessfulexperimentcanguaranteethetruthfulnessofaclaimbyascientificmethod.Truetheoriescanproducefalseresultsbecausethescientificmethoddoesn’twork.Whatpurposedoes“peerreview”inevaluatingascientificclaimmainlyserve?Thescientificclaimcanbecompletelyacceptedbythereviewersinthesamefield.Thescientificpeerscandrawrightconclusionsbyfindingitsfaultsorotherinadequacies.Thescientificclaimcanbepublishedandrecognizedastrueinscience.Thescientificpapercanbesuccessfullysubmittedtoascientificjournal.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat .Notalltheclaimsaboutthefalsehoodofwell-establishedscienceleadtoitsbeingoverturnedItisinevitablethatsciencesometimesgoeswrongbecauseitappearsparadoxicalThebeautyofscienceliesintheparadoxofbeingbothnovelandstableScienceisnottrustfulbecausescientistsalwayschangetheirminds.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Butlegislation（法律）won'tbanallsituationsinwhichmultitaskingisunwise.Theymultitaskforefficiency,tofightboredomortokeepupwithsocialmedia.Forty-eightstateshavebannedtextingwhiledriving.However,textingwhilebikingseemssoundemandingastobeharmless.Theydamagedrivingequivalentlyasfarasexternaldangersgo.Insteadofmultitasking,theytakemorerestbreaksandgetasocialmediafixduringabreak.IsMultitaskingAlwaysGood?Notonlydosmart-phonesprovideunrestrictedaccesstoinformation,theyprovideperfectopportunitiestomultitask.Anyactivitycanbeaccompaniedbymusic,selfiesorsocialmediaupdates.Ofcourse,somepeoplepickpoortimestotweetortext,andlawmakershavesteepedin.__67__InHonolulu,it’sillegaltotextorevenlookatyourphonewhilecrossingthestreet,andintheNetherlandsthey’vebannedtextingwhilebiking.__68__Youneedtoself-regulate.Understandinghowthebrainmultitasksandwhywefindmultitaskingsoappealingwillhelpyourealizethedangerorpullingoutyourphone.Multitaskingfeelslikedoingtwothingsatthesametime,soitseemsthedangerliesinaskingonementalprocesstodotwounrelatedthings--fortextingdrivers,watchingthescreenandtheroad.Twentystateshaveinstitutedbansondrivingusingahand-heldphonewhilestillallowinghands-freecalls.Yethands-freeorhand-heldmakesnodifference.__69__Therealproblemistheswitchofattentionbetweentheconversationandroad,andthataffectsperformance.Pleasesensethis,andwhenonthephonetheydriveslowerandincreasetheirfollowingdistance,buttheyarefartooconfidentthatthesemeasuresreducerisks.Thisoverconfidenceextendstootheractivities.A2015surveyshowedthatamajorityofstudentswhousesocialmedia,textorwatchTVwhilestudyingthinkthattheycanstillcomprehendthematerialthey’restudying.Peopledon’tmultitaskmerelybecausetheyseenoharminit;theyseebenefits.___70___Mostpeoplewillstillchoosetomultitask.Buttheyshould,attheveryleast,befullyawareofhowthatchoiceaffectsthemandthepotentialconsequencesforthemselvesandothers.Theyneedtopayattentiontohowmuch--orhowlittle--theyarepayingattention.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.TheZeigarnikEffectHaveyoueverfoundyourselfthinkingaboutapartiallyfinishedprojectforschoolorworkwhenyouweretryingtofocusonotherthings?OrperhapsyouwonderedwhatwouldhappennextinyourfavoriteTVshoworfilmseries.Ifyouhave,you’veexperiencedtheZeigarnikeffect.Youtendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanfinishedtasks.KnowledgeoftheZeigarnikeffectcanbeputintouseineverydaylife.Theeffectisespeciallywellsuitedforhelpingovercomeprocrastinationordelayinganactiontoalatertime.Weoftenputoffbigtasksthatseemoverwhelming.However,theZeigarnikeffectsuggeststhatthekeytoovercomingprocrastinationistojustgetstarted.Thefirststepcouldbesomethingsmallandseeminglyinsignificant.Infact,it’sprobablybestifit’ssomethingfairlyeasy.TheZeigarnikeffectcanbeusefulforstudentswhoarestudyingforanexam.Theeffecttellsusthatbreakingupstudyperiodscanactuallyimproverecall.Soinsteadofcrammingforanexamallinonesitting,breaksshouldbescheduledinwhichthestudentfocusesonsomethingelse.Thiswillcauseintrusive(侵入的)thoughts,enablingstudentstorehearseandconsolidatetheinformationthatmustberemembered,leadingtobetterrecallwhentheytaketheexam.TheZeigarnikeffectalsopointstoreasonswhypeoplemayexperiencementalhealthproblems.Ifanindiv