高考英語情態(tài)動詞課件

can和could(1)表能力，“能，會”ShecanspeakEnglish.Shecouldplaythepianoattheageofthree.beableto能用于各種時態(tài)；can/could只能表示現(xiàn)在或過去的能力。was/wereableto“設法做成某事”相當于managedtodosth//succeededindoingsthAllthepeopletrappedintheburninghousewereabletogetoutofit.(2)表請求和許可，“可以”，could比can更加委婉，表示禮貌CanIsmokehere?—CouldIuseyourcomputer? —Yes,youcan.(3)can表客觀可能性，“有時候會”，用于肯定句Awisemancansometimesmakeamistake.(4)can表推測，用于疑問句、否定句。肯定句用mustCanthenewsbetrue?Hecan’tbeathomebecauseIsawhimherejustnow.may和might表示允許、許可—MayIleavenow? —No,youmustn’t.//Yes,youmay.表示推測、可能，用于肯定句和否定句，might比may可能性更小Nobodyhaseverseenhimsincethatyear.Hemay/mighthavegoneabroad.May+主語+動詞原形，表示祝愿Mayyousucceed.must和have

tomust表示出于主觀意識而必須要做某事；haveto卻表示由于某種客觀原因而不得不做某事。haveto自身有時態(tài)的變化形式?！狹ustwehandinourexercisestoday? —Yes,youmust. —No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.mustn’t意為“不準，禁止”must還可用來表示把握較大的推測，“一定”，其否定形式為cannot/can’t（不可能）Youmustbetiredafteryourlongjourney.will和would表示意愿、意志IfyouwillhelpmewithmyEnglish,Iwillbeveryhappy.

在疑問句中，用于第二人稱，表示請求或征求意見，would比will語氣更委婉Will/Wouldyoupleasegivemeahand?表示習慣性的動作，“總是，常常”Theoldmanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.WhenIwasachild,mymotherwouldreadmeastoryeverynight.對比would和usedto表示今昔動作對比，用usedtoIdon’tplaytennisnow,butIusedto.Hewouldgetupearlywhenhelivedinthecountryside.表示過去的狀態(tài)，用usedtoHeusedtobeaquietboy.shallshall用于第一、三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見和向對方請示，“…好嗎？要不要…？”ShallIopenthewindowforyou?Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou?shall用于第二、三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的許諾、命令、警告、威脅。YoushalldoasIsay.Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.Heshallbepunished.用于條約、規(guī)定、規(guī)章等文件中，表示一種義務，多用于第三人稱中?！癟heinterest____bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.”declaredthejudge. A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shallshould表示勸告或建議，“應該”，相當于oughtto，但語氣不及oughtto強Youshouldn’t/oughtn’ttospendsomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.用于推測，意為“按理應當”—WillMr.Wangofferusahand? —He____begladto.Heneverrefusedourrequest. A.canB.must C.mayD.should表示吃驚，“竟會，竟然”Ifinditsurprisingthatheshouldbesorudetoyou.should用于表示要求，建議，命令的名詞性從句中，虛擬語氣用在動詞insist；order,command；suggest,advise,propose；demand,desire,request,require等賓語從句中用在suggestion,order,proposal,demand等后面的表語，同位語從句中。用在Itis/wasnatural(necessary/strange/important…)that…；Itis/wasinsisted(suggested/ordered…)that…等主語從句中need和dare作為情態(tài)動詞時，兩個詞常用于疑問句和否定句；用作實義動詞時，可用于各種句式情態(tài)動詞—NeedIhelpyou? —Yes,please.Youneedn’ttelephonehimnow.Howdareyoutalktotheteacherlikethat?Thegirldarednotgooutaloneatnight.實義動詞Weneededtotellhimthenews.Youdon’tneedtotellhimthenews.Dotheflowersneedwatering?Ididn’tdare(to)tellyouthetruth.Doyoudare(to)catchthesnakewithyourhand?Theboydarestodoanythinghelikes.wouldratherdo

寧愿Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.hadbetterdo

最好Itisprettycold.You’dbetterputonacoat.情態(tài)動詞+havedonemust

have

done表示對過去事情的肯定推測，“一定做過某事”，只用于肯定句；Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

can’t/couldn’thavedone表示對過去事情的否定推測，“不可能做過某事”Mr.Smithcan’thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.

can/couldhavedone表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句，“可能做過…嗎？”Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?Ican’trememberwhenwewenttoBeijingbutcouldithavebeensometimelastautumn?

couldhavedone表示對過去事情的假設，意思是“本來能夠做某事而沒有做”

Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.

may/mighthavedone“過去可能做了某事”；may比might表示的可能性在說話人看來稍大些。may/mightnothavedone“過去可能沒有做某事”—WhathashappenedtoGeorge? —Idon’tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.Hemightnothavefinishedthework.should/oughttohavedone“本來應該做某事，而實際沒做”；shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone“本來不應該做某事，而實際做了”Youshouldn’thavewastedtimeplayingcomputergames.needn’thavedone“本來不需要做某事而做了”Ineedn’thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You____homewithoutaword. A.mustn’tleave B.shouldn’thaveleft C.needn’tleave D.couldn’thaveleft

Mr.White____at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup. A.shouldhavearrived

B.shouldarrive C.shouldhavehadarrived

D.shouldbearriving—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere. —Well.He____havegonefar—hiscoat’sstillhere. A.shouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.wouldn’tJohnny,you____playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself. A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;may C.shouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’tThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout. A.hadto B.would C.wasableto D.could—Sir,____hegoorstay? —Lethimgo. A.willB.shall C.mightD.could—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage. —Oh,he____havebeenaverysmartboythen. A.could

B.should

C.might

D.mustMysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe___yourlecture. A.couldn’thaveattended B.needn’thaveattended C.mustn’thaveattended D.shouldn’thaveattendedIthasbeenannouncedthatcandidates____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected. A.can B.will C.may D.shallTherewasalotoffunatyest