2022-2023學年河北省張家口市統(tǒng)招專升本英語自考測試卷(含答案)

2022-2023學年河北省張家口市統(tǒng)招專升本英語自考測試卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、單選題(20題)1.Italldependsontheywillsupportusornot（）

A.whetherB.howC.thatD.what

2.AsforthequalityofthismodelofcolorTVsets,theonesmadeinChinaarebynomeansthoseimported（）

A.inferiorthan

B.lessinferiorto

C.lessinferiorthan

D.inferiorto

3.TheguidespokesoquicklythatIcouldhardlywhathesaid（）

A.getB.receiveC.catchD.take

4.IinuniversitywhenIam20yearsold（）

A.amstudyingB.willstudyC.havestudiedD.willbestudying

5.Marydidn’tsay（）shewouldreturn,butIbelieveshe’llbebackfordinner

A.howB.whenC.ifornotD.where

6.Kimwenttovisittheteachersintheprimaryschool______heworkedthreeyearsago（）

A.whenB.whereC.whichD.that

7.wecansucceedornotdependsonhowwellwecooperate（）

A.ThenB.ThusC.WhatD.Whether

8.fromBuckinghamPalace,thistriptakesyoutothebestofLondon’ssights（）

A.BeginningB.BegunC.TobeginD.Havingbegun

9.Infaceof______failure,itisthemostimportanttokeepup______goodstateofmind（）

A./;aB.a;/C.the;/D.a;the

10.Wedon’tdoubt_____hecandoagoodjob，concerninghisexperience（）

A.whetherB.thatC.howD.why

11.I_______herforyourgirlfriendwhenIfirstsawherinyourhome（）

A.figuredB.thoughtC.consideredD.regarded

12.Peteraswellashisfriends（）tomusic

A.liketolisten

B.likestolisten

C.likestohear

D.likelistening

13.Nooneshouldblindhimself（）thewell-knownfact

A.withB.toC.forD.over

14.Thereasonwhyhehasn'tcometothepartyis（）

A.becausehisfriendiscomingtoseehim

B.becauseofhisfriend'scomingtoseehim

C.thathisfriendiscomingtoseehim

D.forhisfriendiscomingtoseehim

15.Hethinksaboutnothingbutplayinggolf.He’scompletely_______to

it（）

A.addictedB.ascribedC.temptedD.overcome

16.The____ofpullingdowntheoldhousesistomakeroomforanewhighway（）

A.purposeB.meaningC.factD.use

17.Sheneedsmorefriendsofherown_____（）

A.periodB.yearC.stageD.age

18.Thetwocompaniesdecidedto（）onaprojectconcerninganimalcloning

A.completeB.convinceC.compromiseD.cooperate

19._____,wedecidedtoleaveatonce,aswedidn’twanttoriskmissingthebus（）

A.Asitbeingprettylate

B.Itbeingprettylate

C.Itwasbeingprettylate

D.Beingprettylate

20.Whenhereallydoessomethingwrong,heiswillingto（）

A.applyB.apologizeC.relieveD.relate

二、選詞填空題(10題)21.3.____

22.Studentsatuniversitycanlearnandmakefriends1willlastalifetime.However,thecostofstudyingisontherise.Thisincreasemeansthatmoststudentscangetintomoneytrouble2theydonotknowhowtomanagetheirmoney.Itisnotjustthecoursefees.Studentsmustalso3forroomandboard.Inaddition,theymayspendmoney4clothes,travel,andotherthings.Thus,studentsneedtobudget5.Atmostuniversitiesteacherscangivestudentssuggestionsonhowtospendtheirmoney.Thefirstthingtheysuggestistowritedownyour6,forexample,themoneyyouwillgetfromyourfamilyorapart-timejob.Thenlistallofyourexpenses.Putyourexpensesintotwo7:thosethatchange(food,books,travel),andthosethatwillstaythesame(tuition,roomandboard).Addtogetherallofyourexpenses.Whenyoudothis,youfinditis8toplanoutyourbudget.Thismeansyoucansaveyourmoney,ratherthantryingto9fromothers.Asyoucansee,thereismoretolearnatuniversitythanjust10istaughtintheclassroom.____

23.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhogotoconcerts,showsandmuseumscanlivelongerthan1whodonot.ExpertsfromUniversityCollegeLondonhavebeenexaminingthelifestylesofover6,700Britishpeople215years.They3howoftenthepeoplewentoutandwhatkindsofeventstheyattended.Theyfoundthatpeopleover50yearsold4regularlywenttoconcertswereabout30percent5likelytodieoverthenext14years.Theresearcherssaidtheover50scouldextendtheirlife6engagingwiththearts.Inadditiontolivinglongerconcertgoerscouldalsohavemorefun.TheUKHealthSecretaryMattHancockbelievestherecouldbealotof7intheresearch.Hesaidartsandculturecould8thingslikementalhealth,agingandloneliness.He9announcedplansfortheUK’sNationalHealthServicetousetheartstohelppeopleliveahealthierlife.Oneresearchersaid,“Ourresultshighlighttheimportanceof10toexplorenewsocialfactorsthataffectourhealth.”1.____

三、情景對話(10題)24.72.____（）

25.74.____（）

26.73.____（）

27.Nathan:ThereisafestivalinJuneinourcountry.It’sFather’sDay.1

LiFei:Yes,it’sonthefifthdayofthefifthlunar（陰歷）month.WecallitDragonBoatFestival.

Nathan:2

LiFei:Wemakeandeatzongziandholddragonboatraces.

Nathan:3WhydoyoucelebrateDragonBoatFestival?

LiFei:Oh,itisastoryaboutQuYuan.Helivedabouttwothousandyearsago.Hisjobwastogiveadvicetotheemperor.Buthewasn’ttrustedandoftengotpunishment.SohejumpedintotheMiluoRiveranddied.

Nathan:4WasthedaythatQuYuandiedonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonthinthatyear?

LiFei:5Fromthenon,Chinesepeoplebegantoeatzongziandhavedragonboatracesonthatdaytomemorizehim

1（）

A.IsthereaChinesefestivalinJune,too?

B.Yes,youareverysmart

C.Itsoundsveryinteresting

D.WhatdoyouusuallydoonthatdayinChina?

E.Whatapity!

28.68.____（）

29.3（）

A.Butwhatdoyoudonow?

B.It’sreallywarm

C.IguessIshouldintroducemyself

D.I’montheradiostation

E.Really

30.69.____（）

31.Task1（每小題2分，共10分）

M:Whatwereyoudoingyesterdayafternoon?

W:66Itwasreallyinteresting.

M:67

W:Bytheriver.Alotofchildrenwereflyingkitesthere.

M:Itwaswindyyesterday,wasn'tit?

W:68

M:Whomdidyouflykiteswith?

W:69

M:Didyouenjoyyourselves?

W:Yes.70Afterthatwealsohadapicnictogether.

A.Wehadagoodtime.

B.Yes,thewindwasstrong.

C.Iwasflyingakiteyesterdayafternoon.

D.Wheredidyouflythekite?

E.WithLiLeiandTom

66.____（）

32.75.____（）

33.Kay:Hello.Sue!

Sue:Hi.Kay!

Kay:1

Sue:No.Noonehastoldmeaboutthematch.2

Kay:Althoughtheopposingteamwasstrong,ourschoolwonatlast.

Sue:3Theyarereallygoodbasketballplayers.

Kay:Yes.Theycanplaybasketballbetterthanothersbecausetheypracticemuchmore.Ialways

seethempracticingontheplaygroundinthegymandsometimesrunningaroundtheschool

track.

Sue:4

Kay:Yes.AndeitherJohnorTimwillbechosenastheBestSchoolAthleteoftheYear.

Sue:Wow!5

Kay:Ithinkso

1（）

A.Whowon?

B.Howhardtheypractice!

C.C.Theyarecool,aren’tthey?

D.Didyougotoseethebasketballgameyesterday?

E.IknowthatbothJohnandTimareontheteam

四、翻譯(10題)34.Nowhereelseintheworldcanwefindsuchalearnedprofessortoconsult

35.Nooneknowsexactlywherethedevelopmentoftheinformationhighwaywillleadus

36.Thoughtfulparentswouldcombinesupervisionwithcommunication,whichisthebestwaytotakeadvantageoftheInternetasaresourcewhileprotectingtheirchildren

37.皮特太年輕，無法明白這一切

38.Man’spreoccupationwithtimederivesultimatelyfromhisuniquerelationshiptoit.Allanimalsarechangedbyit,butonlyhumancanmanipulateit

39.Sometimestheyfailtounderstandandappreciatepracticesthathavegreaterrespectformoretraditional,leisurelywaysofdoingthings

40.從我童年時代起，我就發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力

41.老師勸我們要好好利用在這里的每一分鐘

42.Thereweretimeswhenhefelldownonthefloor,buthepulledhimselfupandwentbacktotheendlessmarching

43.每個人都必須為自己的所作所為負責任

五、閱讀理解(10題)44.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____（）

A.inordertokeepfit,weshouldspendaslittletimeandmoneyaspossibleonfood

B.nibblingbetweenmealsisabadhabitthatwillthrowourbodyoutofcondition

C.ifothermembersofourfamilygetfatquiteeasily,weprobablywilltoo

D.wecaneatasmuchaswewantandleaveittoourbodytoselectwhatitneeds

45.Overthepasttenyears,people—especiallyyoungpeople—havecometorealizetheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Asaresult,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods:foodswhichdonotcontainchemicalsandwhichhavenotbeenaffectedbythechemicalfertilizerswidelyusedinfarmingtoday.

Naturalfoodsincludevegetables,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinessentialvitaminsandminerals.Thisisanaturalprocess,incomparisonwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers.Inthelattercase,themainpurposeistoincreasetheamount—butnotthequality—offoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.

Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyintheoutdoors.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry:insomefarms,forexample,thousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogether.Chickensraisedinthiswayoftendonottastegoodasfood;theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.

Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Take,forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood!Althoughanaturalproduct,suchashoney,canbegoodtotaste,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals—andnofiber.Allitdoesisprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Ofcourse,sugarisnotharmfulinitself,buteatingtoomuchofitwillcauseproblems.ThefactisthatthequantityofsugarweusehasgrownquicklyoverthelasttwohundredyearsandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsofsugarayear!

Nowadaysfiberisconsideredtobeanessentialpartofahealthydiet.Alotoffiberisfoundinunprocessedflourandinmanyvegetables.However,thefiberhasbeenremovedinfoodslikewhitebread.Insomecountrieswherethenationaldietcontainslargequantitiesofunrefinedflourandvegetables,certaindiseasesarecomparativelyrare.Thatiswhymodernexpertsonhealthyeatingplacealotofemphasisontheeatingofvegetables

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage（）

A.Today,itisstillawidelyadoptedpracticetochemicallyfertilizecrops

B.Naturalfoodsarefoodsproducedinlargequantities

C.Todaypeoplearenolongereatingfoodscontainingchemicals

D.Processedfoodsaremorewelcomedthannaturalfoods

46.Thenewgenerationofwomenwantstobe（）

A.treatednotastheweakersex

B.treatedastheweakersex

C.caredforonbusesandtrains

D.bettertreatedthanbefore

47.WhencustomersenterthestoreintheU.S.A,theywill（）

A.seestoreclerksittingaroundwatchingTV

B.receivewarmgreetingfromclerks

C.showtheirrespecttoclerks

D.begivenapamphletintroducingthegoods

48.Theexperimentwiththedoveindicatesthat_____（）

A.birdshavetobetaughttonavigate

B.abirdthathasbeencagedwillnotflylongdistances

C.somebirdscannotflyatnight

D.somebirdsseemtofollowthestarswhentheyflyatnight

49.WhenIwasstudyingEnglishatatrainingcenterinWashingtonD.C.in1998,IsharedahousewithtwoyoungAmericans,JimandSteve.JimwasstudyingFrenchandSteveChinese,bothattheForeignServiceInstitute.Wesharedmanythingsincommon,butwealsothoughtandactedquitedifferently.StevewasinterestedinspeakingChinese.HealwaystriedeveryopportunitytotalkwithmewithhisveryEnglish-likepronunciation.Iwasoftentouchedbyhisdiligence.However,IwantedtopracticeEnglishwithhim,too.Soweoftenspokeatthesametimeintheother’smothertongue.Jimwasfreshfromcollegeandtheyoungestofthethree.Hewasgoingoutallthetime.Theonlytimewemetwasatbreakfast.Therewasasmallroundtableinourkitchen,wherewesataroundtoenjoyourfood.StevehadChinesefastfoodsuchasdumplingsornoodles,andIatebreadandboiledeggs.ButJimoftenjustdrankacupofteabecausehehadnothinginhisfridge.HewastoobusydatingprettyFrenchgirlstodoanyshopping.Ioftenofferedhimsomeofmyfood.ButStevetoldmeinhispoorChinesethatIdidn’tneedtodothat.HesaidthatitwasJim’sownfaultandthatitservedhimright.AlthoughhewaslearningChinese,hestillheldhisAmericansenseofvalues.

Twoyearslater,IreturnedtoChinThethreeofusstillkeepintouch,JimnowworksinatravelagencyinParis.Hegotmarriedtooneoftheprettygirls.Hewrotetotellusthathecannowenjoyadeliciousbreakfastwithhisbeautifulwifeeverymorningintheircomfortablelivingroom.StevewantstoworkinChinandI’mhelpinghimwiththis.IhaveintroducedhimtothedeanoftheOverseaSectionofouruniversity.HeisveryinterestedinSteve.HewantstoknowifStevecanworkhereteachingtheoverseastudentsChinese.IhavesentthemessagetoSteve.I’msurehe’dbeveryhappytoacceptthejob.However,Ihopehecouldtryhardertoimprovehimself.Otherwise,alltheoverseasstudentswouldspeakwithhisterriblepronunciation!

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage（）

A.Thethreeofthemwerealllanguagemajors

B.SteveandJimweremorealikeincharacter

C.Theauthordidn’tenjoytalkingwithSteve

D.Theirlivingconditionwasratherpoor

50.WhatcanwelearnabouttheHealthandRetirementStudy（）

A.IthasbeencarriedoutbytheNationalInstituteonAgingforabout20years

B.ThestudysurveystheAmericansofallages

C.Thetwoeconomistshavedoneenoughresearchinthisfield

D.Thetwoeconomistsadministermemoryteststomanyoldpeopleeverytwoyears

51.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMrs.Clarkewas______（）

A.calmandclever

B.braveandlucky

C.anxiousandworried

D.scaredandfrightened

52.InAllison'sopinion,otherkidsofheragemay______theirparents（）

A.haveproblemswith

B.getonwellwith

C.liketotalkto

D.liketolistento

53.Whatistheauthor’sopinionofSteve（）

A.Stevewasaveryhardworkingfellow

B.SteveenjoyedcookingChinesefoo

C.SteveenjoyedshoppingmorethanJim

D.Steve’sChineseaccentwasquitepure

六、作文題(1題)54.WaterShortage

1.水資源短缺現(xiàn)象成為一個日趨嚴重的問題

2.造成這一現(xiàn)狀的原因

3.可能的解決措施

參考答案

1.A這一切都取決于他們是否會支持我們。

［考點］賓語從句

【精析】A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導的是賓語從句，從句中主、謂、賓成分完整，但意思上不完整。由后面的ornot可知，空處應(yīng)用whether，構(gòu)成whetherornot結(jié)構(gòu)，意為是否。故選A

2.D說到這類彩電的質(zhì)量，中國制造的絕不比那些進口的差。

［考點］詞語搭配

【精析】Dinferiorto為固定搭配，意為比……差的（次的），其中inferior本身含有比較意味，沒有比較級形式。故選D

3.C這位導游的語速如此之快，我?guī)缀趼牪磺宄谡f什么。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Cget:使得，獲得；receive:收到，接待；catch:趕上，抓住，理解，聽清；take:拿，采取。根據(jù)句意可知，選C

4.D到我20歲的時候，我將會在大學里學習。

［考點］動詞時態(tài)

【精析】D根據(jù)句中的時間狀語從句whenIam20yearsold和句意可知，從句使用了一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來，所以此處表示在將來某時正在進行的動作，應(yīng)用將來進行時，即shall/willbe+現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。A項為現(xiàn)在進行時，B項為一般將來時，C項為現(xiàn)在完成時，均不符合題意。故選D

5.B瑪麗沒有說她什么時候回來，但是我相信她會回來吃飯的。

［考點］名詞性從句

【精析】B分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，后面為賓語從句，作say的賓語。分句butIbelieveshe’llbebackfordinner暗含時間，再結(jié)合句意可知，應(yīng)選B

6.B金姆去拜訪了小學的老師們，三年前他就在那所小學工作。

［考點］定語從句

【精析】B分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為定語從句的引導詞。定語從句的先行詞是theprimaryschool，為地點名詞，且從句中缺少地點狀語，所以應(yīng)用連接副詞where引導

7.D

8.A這次旅行從白金漢宮開始，將帶你到倫敦風景最美的地方。

［考點］非謂語動詞

表示這個動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，且有明顯的先后順序，不符合題意，所以可排除D項；過去分詞作狀語時，該動作和句子的主語是動賓關(guān)系，表示被動和完成，不符合題意，所以可排除B項；動詞不定式作狀語時，常表示目的、結(jié)果等，不符合題意，所以可排除C項。故選A

9.A句意：面對失敗時，最重要的是要保持一個好心態(tài)。抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞，但當其前有限定詞修飾時，可與不定冠詞連用，表示某一具體情況、動作、狀態(tài)或某一類物質(zhì)。failure表示抽象概念失敗，agoodstateofmind意為一種好心態(tài)，故選A

10.B考慮到他的經(jīng)驗，我們相信他能做好這份工作。

［考點］名詞性從句

【精析】B動詞doubt表示懷疑，不能肯定時，其否定式后的賓語從句應(yīng)用that來引導。故本題選B

11.A[答案]A

[譯文]我在你家見到她第一眼時，估計她是你女朋友

[詳解]估算figurethink…as而題中是think…for認為consider…考慮regard…as把…看作

12.B彼特和他的朋友們都喜歡聽音樂。本題考查主謂一致和固定搭配。當主語是單數(shù)，后面跟有aswellas/with/togetherwith/like/but/except等短語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。本句主語Peter是單數(shù)，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。listentomusic表示聽音樂，hear無此說法。故選B

13.BB句意：任何人都不應(yīng)該無視這樣一個眾所周知的事實。詞語搭配。blind表示對……視而不見或看不到時，其后一般用介詞to引出對象

14.C他沒有來聚會的原因是他的朋友要來看他了。

［考點］表語從句

【精析】C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處為表語從句。當主語是reason時，常用that引導表語從句，而不用because或why。另外，也可將Thereasonwhy…isthat…視為固定句型。故選C

15.A句意：他除了打高爾夫球其他什么都不想，他完全沉迷進去了。本題屬于近義詞辨析題。選項Abeaddictedto意為沉迷于；選項Bascribeto表示認為……是造成的；C、D兩項均不與介詞to搭配。所以根據(jù)句意和詞義答案為A

16.A拆除舊房子的目的是為修建一條新公路騰出空間。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Apurpose：目的，意圖；meaning：意思，含義；fact：事實；use：使用。根據(jù)句意可知，選A

17.D她需要更多的同齡朋友。

［考點］詞語搭配

【精析】Dperiod：時期；year：年；stage：階段；age：年齡。ofone'sownage是固定搭配，意為同年齡段的。故選D

18.D兩家公司決定就動物克隆的項目展開合作。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Dcomplete：完成，結(jié)束，使完整；convince：使相信；compromise：妥協(xié)；cooperate：合作，cooperateon表示在……方面合作。根據(jù)句意可知，選D

19.BB句意：天色已經(jīng)很晚了,我們決定立刻離開,因為我們不想冒險誤車。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)為從句或獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。選項中只有B項是正確的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即邏輯主語+分詞短語形式

20.B當他真的做錯事時，他愿意去道歉。

［考點］詞義辨析

【精析】Bapply:申請,適用;apologize:道歉;relieve:解除，減輕;relate：涉及，認同。根據(jù)句意可知，選B

21.LK根據(jù)空后的名詞短語15years可知，空處應(yīng)填介詞。符合要求的選項有C、K。句意：15年來，來自倫敦大學學院的專家們一直在調(diào)查超過6,700名英國人的生活方式。故選K。

22.HH分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填引導詞，引導一個定語從句，修飾指人的先行詞friends。符合要求的選項只有H。句意：學生在上大學時可以學習并交到將持續(xù)一生的朋友。故選H。

23.JA.studied（v.學習，研究）B.continuing（v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)）C.by（prep.通過）D.who（pron.引導定語從句）E.whose（pron.引導定語從句）F.improve（v.改進，改善）G.truth（n.事實，真相）H.ignored（v.忽視，不予理睬）I.recently（adv.最近，不久前）J.those（pron.那些）K.for（prep.表示一段時間）L.less（adv.更少，較少）J分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后的who引導一個定語從句，空處為其先行詞，所以空處應(yīng)填指人的名詞或代詞。符合要求的選項只有J。those在此處指代上文中的people，此處表達的是“不去（音樂會、演出和博物館）的那些人”。故選J。

24.C

25.B

26.E

27.A

28.D

29.A

30.B

31.C

32.C

33.D

34.世界上沒有其他地方能讓我們找到一個如此博學的教授來請教

35.沒有人知道信息高速路的發(fā)展將會把我們帶向何處

36.細心的父母會將對孩子的監(jiān)督和溝通結(jié)合起來,這是在保護好孩子的同時利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的最佳方法?！揪觥勘揪淇疾槎ㄕZ從句和時間狀語從句的翻譯。逗號之后是which引導的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子。定語從句中包含了一個while引導的時間狀語從句,從句中省略了主語和謂語，即parentsbine…with意為將……結(jié)合起來;takeadvantageof意為利用

37.Peterwastooyoungtounderstandallthat

38.人類對時間的關(guān)注完全來源于他們與時間的特殊關(guān)系。所有的動物都隨著時間的改變而改變，但是只有人類可以駕馭時間

39.有時他們無法理解和欣賞那些更尊重傳統(tǒng)、更悠閑的做事方式

40.SincemychildhoodIhavefoundthatnothingismoreattractivetomethanreading

41.Theteacheradvisedthatweshouldmakegooduseofeveryminutehere

42.有幾次他摔倒在地板上，但他還是自己站起來，回到不斷的行進中

43.Everyoneshould/mustberesponsibleforwhathe/shehasdone.【精析】本句中的必須強調(diào)責任和義務(wù)，可譯為should或must。為……負責任應(yīng)譯為beresponsiblefor。自己的所作所為可譯為whathe/shehasdone，作介詞for的賓語

44.C［考點］推理判斷題

【精析】C根據(jù)第二段最后一句Thetendencytoputonweightrathereasily,forexample,oftenrunsinfamilies…可知，容易長胖的傾向經(jīng)常在家族中遺傳。其中runinfamilies是家族遺傳的意思。由此可推知，如果家族中有人容易長胖，我們也有可能容易長胖。故選C

45.A［考點］事實細節(jié)題

【精析】A從文章第一段最后一句…thechemicalfertilizers