英語代詞的用法全歸納

千里之行，始于足下。第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦英語代詞的用法全歸納英語代詞的用法歸納

一、定義與分類

代詞是代替名詞及相當于名詞的短語或句子的詞。代詞依照其意思和用法可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、相互代詞、疑咨詢代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞、別定代詞等九類。

二、人稱代詞的用法

（一）人稱代詞：表示"我""你""他""我們""你們""他們"的詞叫人稱代詞。人稱代詞并別全指人，也指物。有三種人稱，每個人稱又分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)（第二人

如：Igotoschooleveryday.我每天去上學。

（2）第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we代表講話者一方（二人或者二人以上）"我們"。

如：Weareswimmingnow.我們?nèi)缃裾谟斡尽?/p>

（3）第二人稱單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)you代表聽話者或者對方（復(fù)數(shù)you代表二人或二人以上）。如：Areyouready,Sam?薩姆，你預(yù)備好了嗎？

（4）第三人稱包括he、she、it.He"他"代表差不多提到過的男人。she"她"代表差不多提到過的女的。It"它"代表差不多提到過的事物。

如：Heisthetallestintheclass.他在班里是最高的。

Shehasalittlebrother.她有個小弟弟。

Ihaveahandbag.Itisblack.我有個手提包，它是黑群的。

（5）第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they"他們"代表差不多提到過的一些人或者一些事物，那個詞沒有性不之分。

如：Wherearetheteachers?Theyareoverthere.老師們在哪里？他們在那邊。Wherearetheapples?Theyareinthedrawer.蘋果在哪里？它們在抽屜里。

注：1）人稱代詞主格在句中要緊做主語。

如：Wewenttothezooyesterday.我昨天去動物園了。

2）人稱代詞賓格在句中要緊作賓語。

如：Canyouhelpme?你能幫我嗎？

3）人稱代詞做表語時普通用賓格。

如：Whoisthat?It'sme.是誰呀？是我。

4)在比較狀語從句中，在別引起誤解的前提下，有時用賓格代詞代替主格代詞。如：Heistallerthanme.它比我高。

Helovesyoumorethanme.她愛你勝過愛我。

5）兩個以上的代名詞并行羅列時，其次序為：

a)單數(shù)人稱代詞：youheI.如：You,heandIaregoodfriends.

b)復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞為：weyouthey.如WeandtheywenttotheGreatWallyesterday

c)第三人稱He和she并且使用時，先講he,后講she.

如：Heandshewerelateforschoolthismorning.他和她今天早上都上學遲到了。

三、物主代詞的用法：表示所有關(guān)系的代詞,它與人稱代詞一樣，也分第一人稱、第二人稱、第三人稱，每個人稱分單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)。物主代詞有形容詞性和名詞性兩種。

形容詞性物主代詞

如：Hisbrotherisanengineer.他的哥哥是位工程師。

2).名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞，后面別能使用名詞。在句中做主語、賓語、表語或連用of作定語等。如：Thisismypen.Yoursisyellow.這是我的鋼筆。你的筆是黃XXX的。Mypenisbroken.Pleasegivemeyours.我的鋼筆壞了。請把你的給我吧。Thishouseisours。那個屋子是我們的。Hereismydog.ItsnameisTom.這是我的狗，它的名字叫湯姆。

注：能夠講afriendofmine(ours,yours,hers,his,theirs)，然而別能講afriendofme(us,you,her,him,them)。

有時同一具結(jié)構(gòu)用別用物主代詞會導(dǎo)致含義的變化。如：Don’tloseheart.不灰心ShelostherhearttoJim.她愛上了吉姆。

四、反身代詞的用法

表示反射（指一具動作反射到該動做執(zhí)行者本身）或者強調(diào)（即用來加強名詞或代詞的語氣）的代詞叫反身代詞。

1）．反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系，在人稱、性不、數(shù)上保持一致。如：Hesawhimselfinthemirror.他在鏡子里看見了自個兒。在這句話中，反身代詞himself與主語he是指同一具人。

2）．反身代詞還能夠用于名詞或代詞之后或句末，表示強調(diào)。

如：Imyselfdoit.那是我親自做的。這句話還能夠講成：Idoitmyself.

注：用于be,feel,seem,look等后作表語表示軀體或精神處于正常狀態(tài)。如：I'llbemyselfagaininnotime.我一會兒就會好的。

I’mnotquitemyselfthesedays.我近來軀體別大舒暢

五、相互代詞的用法

英語的相互代詞惟獨eachother和oneanother，它們在句中通常只用作賓語，別能用作主語或狀語等。如：Studentsshouldhelponeanother.學生應(yīng)該互相幫助。Wehadknowneachotherformanyyears.我們認識許多年了。

注：相互代詞能夠有所有格形式(eachother’s,oneanother’s)。如：

Theyoftenstayinoneanother'shouse.他們常常在彼此的家里住,另外，有人以為eachother用于兩者，oneanother用于三者，但在現(xiàn)代英語中它們常可換用(即均可用于兩者或三者)。

六、指示代詞的用法

用來指示或標識人或事物的代詞。它們要緊有：this那個that這個these這些those那些。其他還有：such如此的same同樣的so如此。指示代詞所指的對象取決于談話雙方都熟悉的語境。指示代詞在句中可用做主語、賓語、表語、定語和狀語。如：Thesearemypens.這些是我的鋼筆。Iwilldothat.我情愿做那件事。Thismapismybrother's.那個地圖是我哥哥的。

this(these)指近的事物。that(those)指遠的事物。如：Thesearemybooks.Thosearen'tmybooks.這些是我的書。那些別是我的書。

1.為幸免重復(fù)，可用one,that和those代替前面提到的名詞。如：

Ihavearedcup.Hehasablueone.

Ourgrainoutputisnow5timesthatof1980.我們?nèi)缃窦Z食產(chǎn)量是1980年的5倍one用來代指前面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，有前置定語。that用來代指前面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，有后置定語；that還用來指前面的別可數(shù)名詞。ones用來代指前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有前置定語。those用來指前面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，有后置定語。

2.用來回指上文提到的情況時，可用this或that，然而若要指下文敘述的情況，通常要用this。如：Iwanttoknowthis:Isshebeautiful?

3.在打電話時，通常用this指自個兒，用that指對方：

Hello.ThisisJim.IsthatJohn?喂，我是吉姆，你是約翰嗎?

4.除用作代詞外，this和that還可用作副詞，用以修飾形容詞或副詞，意為“那么”、“這么”，相當于so。如：I'vedoneonlythatmuch.我所做的就那么多。

Ishealwaysthisbusy?他總那么忙嗎?

七、疑咨詢代詞的用法

1.疑咨詢代詞引導(dǎo)的疑咨詢句為特別疑咨詢句。普通放在疑咨詢句的句首。疑咨詢代詞有：who(誰，主格)whom（誰，賓格）whose（誰的）what（啥）which（哪個）.其中who，whom，whose只能指人，who做主語，whom做賓語，what和which可指人或者物。如：Whotoldyouthat?是誰告訴你那件事的？Whomareyoutalkingabout?你們在談?wù)撜l？Whosebooksarethese?這些是誰的書？Whatareyoudoing?你正在干啥？Whichcolordoyoulikebest?你最喜愛哪種顏群？Whatdidshesay?她如何講?Whichareourseats?哪些是我們的座位?Whatareyouworryingabout?你為啥事麻煩?

注：who和whom只用作主語、賓語和表語，別用作定語；what,which,whose則既可用作主語、賓語和表語，也可用作定語

2.what與which的用法區(qū)不：當挑選的范圍較明確時，用which；當挑選的范圍別明確時，用what。如：Whichcolordoyoulike,red,blackorwhite?Whatcolorisyourcar?

八、連接代詞的用法

1.連接代詞要緊包括who,whom,what,which,whose,whoever,whatever,whichever,whosever等，它們在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語等（但who,whom,whoever等別用于名詞前作定語），要緊用于引導(dǎo)主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句等。如：Askhimwhichhewants.Thequestioniswhocanhelpus.Whathesayssoundsreasonable.他講的話聽起來有道理。

3.whatever,whoever與whichever的用法：它們可用于引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句，也可用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。如：Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.任何人來都歡迎。Whatevershedidwasright.她做的一切基本上對的。Whoeveryouare,youcan'tenter.別管你是誰，都別能到里面去。Whicheversidewins,Ishallbehappy.別管哪邊贏，我都會激動。

九、別定代詞的用法

1.some與any。some用于確信句中，any用于否定句、疑咨詢句和條件句中。但在表示請求、邀請或征求意見的句子中，通常要用some而別用any。如：Willyoulendmesomemoney?Whydon’tyoubringsomeflowers?

2.指兩者和三者的別定代詞。有點別定代詞用于指兩者(如both,either,neither)，有的別定代詞用于指三者(如all,any,none,every)，具體使用時要依照一定的上下文正確選用。如：Heisblindinbotheyes.他雙目失明。

Weretheyallcollegestudents?他們基本上大學生嗎?

注：each可用于兩者、三者或三者以上，而every只用于三者或三者以上.如：Therearetreesoneachsideoftheroad.路的兩邊都有樹。

3.(a)few與(a)little。few和afew后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，而little和alittle后接別可數(shù)名詞。其中別帶別定冠詞的few和little表示數(shù)量非常少或幾乎沒有，強調(diào)“少”，含有否定意義；而帶有別定冠詞的afew和alittle則表示數(shù)量盡管少但怎么說還有，強調(diào)“有”，含有確信意義。如：Heknewfewofthem.他們中間他熟人非常少。Heknewlittleaboutit.他對此懂得非常少。Hesoldonlyafewofthepapers.他只賣出了幾份報紙。Thereisstillalittleleft.還剩一點點。

4.all,every,each的用法。從強調(diào)重點看：all強調(diào)整體地思考總體，every強調(diào)思考總體中的所有成員(與all非常接近)，each則強調(diào)逐個逐個地思考總體；從用法看：all和each既可單獨使用，也可后接名詞，還可后接of短語；而every后必須接名詞，既別能單獨使用也別能后接of短語；從含義看，each指兩者或兩者以上的“每個”，every指三者或三者以上“每個”，所以指兩者時只能用each

5.other,theother,another,others的用法。指單數(shù)時，若泛指用another，若特指用theother；指復(fù)數(shù)時，若泛指用other(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞)或others(其后別接名詞)，若特指用theother(后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞)或theothers(其后別接名詞)。如：Showmesomeothers.再拿一些給我看。Showmeanother.另拿一具給我看。Weshouldthinkofothers.我們應(yīng)該多為不人著想。Wherearetheotherstudents?

注：another后普通要單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，但若其后的名詞有數(shù)詞或few修飾，則也可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：I'vegotanotherfiveminutes.我還有5分鐘

6.noone,nobody,none的用法。noone與nobody用法相似，均只用于指人別用于指物，且其后別能接of短語，用作主語時謂語單數(shù)；而none既可用于指人也可用于指物，其后通常接of短語，用作主語時，若指別可數(shù)名詞，謂語只能用單數(shù)，若指復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則謂語可用單數(shù)(較正式)也可用復(fù)數(shù)(用于非正式文體)。如：Noone[Nobody]hasreadit.沒有人讀過它。Noneofthismilkcanbeused.這牛奶一點都別能用了。Noneofthefilmsis[are]worthseeing.

7.復(fù)合別定代詞的用法。復(fù)合別定代詞要緊包括something,somebody,someone,anything,anybody,anyone,nothing,nobody,noone,everything,everybody,everyone等，它們在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語，但別能用作定語。其中something,someone等和anything,anyone等的區(qū)不與some和any的區(qū)不一樣，前者普通用于確信句，后者普通用于否定句、疑咨詢句或條件句。使用時應(yīng)請注意以下幾點：

(1)受定語修飾時，定語應(yīng)置于其后。如：Tellussomethinginteresting.給我們說點有味的事。Therewasnobodytired.沒有一具人非常累

(2)指人的復(fù)合別定代詞若用作主語，其謂語動詞普通用單數(shù)，相應(yīng)的人稱代詞和物主代詞也用單數(shù)he,him,his(別一定指男性)。但在非正式文體中常用復(fù)數(shù)代詞they,them,their。如：Ifanybody[anyone]comes,askhim[them]towait.

(3)anyone,everyone等只能指人，別能指物，且其后普通別接of短語。若是指物或后接of短語，可用anyone,everyone(即分開寫)。

8、別定代詞no表示否定，意思是：沒有，別是?？尚揎梿螖?shù)、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和別可數(shù)名詞。如：Hehasnofriendsinthiscity.在那個都市里他沒有朋友。

英語代詞考題專練

1.DoyoureallybelievethatMrWhitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?A.youandmeB.IandyouC.youandID.youandwe

2.—Daddy,whichofthesesmarthatsdoyoulikebestinthehatshop?

—________.Theyarebothexpensiveandlesswarm-keeping.

A.Either

B.Nothing

C.Neither

D.None

3.Attheshop,theywantedtoshowmeallthedresses,butIwasinterestedonlyin________inthewindow.A.thisB.thatC.itD.theone

4.Hisearliestplaysareexcellent,buthislatestoneis________.

A.something

B.everything

C.anything

D.nothing

5.—Did________ofyourparentscometoattendtheopeningceremony?

—________ofthemcame.

A.any;None

B.any;Neither

C.either;Neither

6.—WhatcanIdoforyou?

—I’dliketobuyabook,________thatwaswrittenbyLuXun.

A.which

B.one

C.but

D.all

7.SomeofthewheatcamefromCanada.Howabout________?

A.another

B.theothers

C.theother

D.therest

8.—Doyouhave________athomenow,Stella?

—No,westillhavetogetseveralpoundsoffruitandsometea.

A.something

B.everything

C.nothing

D.anything

9.Iwon’ttrusthim.Hesaysonethingtoyourfacebutdoes________behindyourback.A.otherB.theotherC.theothersD.another

10.OfallthemoviesHepbummade________ismorememorablethan“BreakfastatTiffany’s”.A.fewB.littleC.nooneD.none

11.—DoyoumindifCharlieborrowsafewhundreddollarsfromyou?

—I’mafraidIdo.I’llbegladtolendmoneyto________butCharlie.

A.someone

B.everyone

C.anyone

D.noone

12.Theboyspentasmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesashe________studying.

A.does

B.was

C.had

D.did

13.—IwanttohavemyCDplayerfixed,butIcan’tfindarepairshop.

—Oh,Iknow________.Comeon,I’lltakeyouthere.

A.one

B.theone

C.ones

D.many

14.Willyouseeto________thattheflowersarewellprotectedduringtherainyseason?A.itB.meC./D.yourself

15.—Hehastwobrothersandthreesisters.Doyouknow________ofthem?—No,Iknow________ofthem.

A.some;none

B.any;some

C.any;none

D.either;some

16.Don’tleaveyourkeysinthecar.Someonemightsteal________.

A.one

B.that

C.this

D.it

17.I’velostmypen.Ican’tfinditanywhere,soIhavetobuy________afterschool.

A.it

B.one

C.this

D.that

18.________intheofficehadmadeamistake,andthefirmregrettedcausingthecustomerinconvenience.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.EveryoneD.Noone

19.—CanIhelpyou?

—I’dliketobuyapresentformyfather’sbirthday,________ataproperprice,butofgreatuse.A.thatB.anyoneC.oneD.everything

20.ThecrueltyoftheGermanstowardstheJewsand________oftheJapanesetowardstheirprisoners,filled________withhorror.

A.those;someone

B.that;everyone

C.it;noone

D.this;anyone

21.—Johnson,there’realotofchairsoverthere.Goandfetch________forme.—Why________?Mikeissittingtheredoingnothing.

A.one;me

B.that;nothe

C.it;nothim

D.some;I

22.Hecaressolittleabouthismealsthat________willdosolongasitfillshisstomach.A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing

23.Iwantedsometea,buttherewas________leftintheteapot.

A.none

B.any

C.nothing

D.some

24.—Whatanamazingfilm!It’sthemostinterestingfilmI’veeverseen.

—ButI’msureitwon’tinterest________.

A.somebody

B.anybody

C.everybody

D.nobody

25.—Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?

—No,I’llfinishitin________fifteenminutes.A.anotherB.otherC.more

26.____officeismuchsmallerthan____.

A.Ours;yours

B.Our;yours

C.Theirs;our

27.“Help___tosomemeat.”myunclesaidtome.

A.themselves

B.yourself

C.yourselves

28.Therearetwentyteachersinourschool.Eightofthemarementeachersand____arewomenteachers.A.othersB.theothersC.another

29.Thereisn’t____paperinthebox.Willyougoandget____forme?

A.any;some

B.any;any

C.some;any

30.Therearemanytreeson___sidesofthestreet.A.bothB.allC.each

31.___ofthemhasadictionaryand____oneofthemcanlookupwordsinit.

A.Each;every

B.Every;each

C.Every;every

32.“Whenshallwemeet,thisafternoonortonight?”

“Idon’tmind.____timeisOK.A.EitherB.EveryC.Neither

33.Wouldyoulike___cupoftea?A.otherB.theotherC.another

34.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgot_____.

A.othereverything

B.anythingelse

C.everythingelse.

35.____ofhisparentsisateacher.A.BothB.NeitherC.None

36.Theriverisverydirty.____peoplegotoswiminit.

A.Few

B.Afew

C.Little

37.Afriendof____cametosee____yesterday.

A.his;his

B.he;him

C.his;him

38.Youcan’tleaveyourbabyby___athome.

A.herself

B.himself

C.itself

39.Myfatherisverybusywithhiswork.Hehas___timetohavearest.

A.little

B.alittle

C.few

40.Ihavethreeskirts.Oneisred.___twoareblack.

A.another

B.theother

C.theothers

41.Jackhas___friendshere.Soheoftenfeelslonely.

A.alittle

B.afew

C.few

42.Whoteaches___French?A.weB.ourC.us

43.Theboyswerealltired,but___ofthemstoppedtohavearest.

A.any

B.some

C.none

44.Sorry,Ican’tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthenews.

A.alittle

B.little

C.few

45.—Hello,Bill!Help____toacake.

—Thanks.A.yourB.yourselfC.yourselves

Parttwo

1.Youmaycometomyhouse____thisweek____nextweek.

A.neither;or

B.from;to

C.either;orD.either;nor

2.Idon'tthinkwecandoitall____.

A.byourselves

B.bymyself

C.byourselfD.byyourselves

3.Idon'twantthisshirt.Pleaseshowme____.

A.others

B.theothers

C.another

D.theother

4.Ican'trepairthemodelship____.Canyouhelp?

A.me;meB.myself;myselfC.myself;meD.me;myself

5.Doesyourbrotheroftenwashclothes?

A.heB.himselfC.herselfD.him

6.WestudyChinese,English,mathsandsomesubjects.

A.theotherB.oneC.otherD.another

7.Ihavetwosisters.ofthemaredoctors.

A.Both

B.AllC.EitherD.Neither

8.Thebookontheshelfis.Shewrotenameonitscover.

A.Hers;her;herselfB.Her;hers;herself

C.Herself;her;hersD.Her;herself;herself

9."Don'tworry.There'smuchwrongwithyou."saidthedoctor.

A.nothingB.everythingC.somethingD.very

10.Theseshoesaretoosmall.Youmaybuysome____shoes.

A.another

B.other

C.the.othersD.others

11.IaskedJimandBobtocometomyhousefordinner,but____ofthemcame.

A.anotherB.otherC.theothersD.others

12.Theyare____thesamesize,soyoumaytake____halfofthecake.

A.at;each

B.in;bothC.at;neitherD.in;either

13.BettyandJohnhavecomeback,but____studentsintheclassaren'thereyet.

A.theotherBothersC.anotherD.theothers

14.Yourmotheriskindness____.

A.itselfB.herselfoneselfD.himself

15.Shestayedtherelongerthan____.

A.anyoneB.anythingelseC.anybodyD.anybodyelse

16.Isthisherbike?No,itisn't.It's____.

A.mine

B.my

C.me

D.he's

17.____LiPing'sbrother.

A.Her

B.His

C.He's

D.She's

18.HisWangBing.

A.He

B.His

C.Her

D.He's

19.What'sthis?.

A.It'sabread

B.Itisabread

C.It'sbread

D.This'sbread

20.Thebowlsareonthetable.Therearesomeeggsin.

A.the

B.them

C.it

D.he

21.Lethaveameeting.A.meB.youC.usD.me

22.MotheroftenseesonSunday.

A.herallfriends

B.allherfriend

C.herfriends

D.herallfriend.

23.WhenyouseeTomandhissister,tellthatmotheriswaitingatthegate.

A.his;his

B.her;hers

C.them;their

D.his;her

24.HewantsyoutotalkaboutChina.

A.anything

B.nothingC.thingD.something

25.Grannyseemsill.Areyousureit's?

A.nothingseriousB.anythingseriousC.seriousnothingD.seriousanything

強化練習題

1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.

A.it

B.which

C.this

D.that

2.Theteachergavethebookstoallthestudentsexcept_______whohadalreadytakenthem.

A.ones

B.some

C.theones

D.theothers

3.Ourmanagerallowed_______totakeaholidaynextweek.

A.youandI

B.yourselfandme

C.Iandyou

D.youandme

4.Althoughhe'swealthy，hespends___onclothes.

A.little

B.few

C.alittle

D.afew

5.Theywerealltired,but_____ofthemwouldstoptotakearest.

A.any

B.some

C.none

D.neither

6.Idon’tknowwhethersmallorangesaresweeterthanbig______.

A.those

B.ones

C.one

D.that

7.Whentheymet,theystoppedandsaidhelloto_______.

A.eachother

B.eachanother

C.theothereachD.eachone

8.Aftereveryonetook_______place,themeetingbegan.

A.his

B.their

C.there

D.the

9.－Whydon’twetakealittlebreak?

－Didn’twejusthave_______?

A.it

B.that

C.one

D.this

10.Ifyouwanttochangeforadoubleroomyou’llhavetopay___$15.

A.another

B.other

C.more

D.each

11.Weshouldalwayskeep______well-informedofthechanginginformation.

A.us

B.ours

C.ourselves

D.we

12.Givethemessageto______isatthetable.

A.whomever

B.whosever

C.whatever

D.whoever

13.Ifound_______impossiblefor_______toworkoutthemathsproblem.

A.it;him

B.it;he

C.that;him

D.that;he

14.Fewpleasurescanequal_____ofacooldrinkonahotday.

A.some

B.any

C.that

D.those

15.Ihate______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

A.it

B.that

C.these

D.them

16.MarylearnedChineseforabouttwoyears,_______is,from1993to1995.

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.he

17.Sheisdoingherhomework.I'lldo_______.A.suchB.soC.thesameD.thesameas

18.Insomerestaurants,foodandserviceareworsethan______usedtobe.

A.they

B.it

C.them

D.that

19.Everyonewhocomestothepartyisgivenawoodenapplewith_____ownnamescutinitas

asouvenir.A.hisB.her