英語高考3-2-1專題系列：專題17 完形填空-議論文、說明文類(解析版)

【考點(diǎn)定位】2014考綱解讀和近幾年考點(diǎn)分布說明文完形填空說明文完形填空考查考生通篇把握全文，根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析﹑推理﹑判斷的能力和語篇分析理解能力。檢測(cè)考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)英語語言知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用的能力。說明文是以“說明”為主要表達(dá)方式，用來說明情況、闡明事理的一種文體。它通過介紹情況、說明事物的特征，給人以正確思想或科學(xué)知識(shí)。說明文完形填空一般的結(jié)構(gòu)模式是：提出問題－發(fā)現(xiàn)直接原因－分析深層原因－得出結(jié)論或找到出路。考查學(xué)生對(duì)語言材料的理解能力、分析判斷能力和邏輯思維能力。說明文的寫作目的是授人以知，讓人明白，說明文只是說明事物的特征，闡明原理，介紹知識(shí)?？忌菀酌逦恼戮€索，抓住主題。議論型完形填空分析近幾年的高考試卷，我們不難看出高考完形填空的體裁以記敘文為主，但也有個(gè)別省市考查了議論文。議論文是一種通過剖析事物或論述事理來提出主張或發(fā)表見解的文體。議論文分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾議型，另一種是純議論型。夾敘夾議型完形填空的基本模式是：作者首先敘述一件事，然后就此提出自己的見解或由此事引出一個(gè)深刻的社會(huì)問題。純議論型完形填空的基本模式是：提出論點(diǎn)，列舉論據(jù)，提出看法。議論型完形填空有以下特點(diǎn)：1、首句制勝，論點(diǎn)明確議論型完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句。作者一般在文章的首段提出論點(diǎn)，然后在各段的首句提出分論點(diǎn)。2、結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，脈絡(luò)有序議論文的三要素為論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)形成一體，相互印證。有時(shí)作者為了使文章脈絡(luò)清楚，行文流暢，會(huì)使用一些連接詞，如：onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generallyspeaking,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asaconsequence等。3、按一定的方法論證議論型完形填空中的論點(diǎn)都是按一定的方法來論證的。常用的論證方法有：歸納法（分析個(gè)別事物，進(jìn)而推斷出這類事物的共同點(diǎn)，得出結(jié)論）；推理法（從原理出發(fā)，個(gè)別分析說明，得出結(jié)論）；對(duì)照法（正反對(duì)照，先分析說明，后得出結(jié)論）；駁論法（闡述錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，逐條批駁，闡明觀點(diǎn)）。二、議論型完形填空的應(yīng)試技巧1、敘議有機(jī)結(jié)合對(duì)于夾敘夾議型的完形填空要把敘和議有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來。有的考生沒有注意到這一點(diǎn)，他們只顧選某一部分的答案，而沒有注意到事件與論點(diǎn)之間的關(guān)系。2、遵循狠抓首句原則對(duì)于議論型完形填空，在掌握全文主旨的情況下抓住每段的首句是做好試題的關(guān)鍵。一項(xiàng)調(diào)查表明，英語中60%到90%的議論文的主旨句都是段落的首句。抓住了每段的首句，再理解文章就容易多了。3、理清文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論議論型完形填空與記敘型完形填空相比，稍微難了一些。一般來說，記敘文是按時(shí)間的先后順序進(jìn)行描述的，我們只要把握事件發(fā)生和發(fā)展的過程，就能將文章脈絡(luò)把握好。然而議論型完形填空就不那么簡(jiǎn)單了，如果我們不清楚文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論，就只能莽撞地答題了，其結(jié)果可想而知。所以理清文章的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論是做好議論型完形填空的關(guān)鍵。【考點(diǎn)pk】名師考點(diǎn)透析英語完形填空在考查語法、表達(dá)法、詞語搭配的基礎(chǔ)上重點(diǎn)考查對(duì)語篇同容的整體理解、前后的邏輯關(guān)系的把握。經(jīng)反復(fù)研究完形填空原題后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)主要有以下考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)1.考查語法規(guī)則考查考生語法知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力。近年來完形填空中單純考查語法知識(shí)的題一般不考，只是偶爾有個(gè)別考題。例如：“CanI?Idon’tthinkIcan,”Tracysaidwithalaugh.“Butldohave______whenthingscometomefornoreason.”A.eventsB.chancesC.feelingsD.moments考點(diǎn)2.考查固定搭配考查考生對(duì)常見的英語固定短語和習(xí)慣用法的掌握情況。如動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配；動(dòng)詞與介詞或副詞的搭配；介詞與名詞的搭配等。這類搭配在完形填空中時(shí)有出現(xiàn)。如：Iadmiredthefactthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalkwiththem______thetelephone.A.withB.byC.fromD.on【解析】表示“通過”交談，說onthetelephone或bytelephone，這是習(xí)慣搭配?？键c(diǎn)3.考查詞語辨析考查考生在特定語境中區(qū)別近義詞的能力。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)詞性相同，意義相近，要求我們?cè)谔囟ǖ恼Z境中區(qū)分它們之間的細(xì)微差別。一般說來，其中的兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)容易排除，難辨的是兩個(gè)。如：AlthoughIlastmetthismaneightyearsago,Ihavenotforgottenhis______qualities.Firstofall…A.basicB.specialC.commonD.particular考點(diǎn)4.考查行文邏輯考查考生對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、增補(bǔ)關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系等。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是表示文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫等邏輯關(guān)系的詞語。如：Oncehe______sangasonginclassinordertomakeapointclear.A.alsoB.nearlyC.evenD.only考點(diǎn)5.考查經(jīng)驗(yàn)常識(shí)考查考生在日常的學(xué)習(xí)和生活中所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和基本常識(shí)，以及一些基本的科學(xué)常識(shí)。如：Butwerunsomuchthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble______.A.speakingB.movingC.sleepingD.breathing考點(diǎn)7.考查邏輯推理考查考生根據(jù)文意和所掌握的知識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單的邏輯推理來確定選項(xiàng)的能力。如：Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudtotheclass…thewholeclasswaslaughingwithopen-heartedenjoyment.Ididmybestnottoshow______,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness…A.shockB.wonderC.worryD.pleasure【解析】一個(gè)學(xué)生的作品被老師選中且在班上宣讀時(shí)該會(huì)是怎樣的心情?我們不難判斷：愉快！考點(diǎn)8.考查前后語境考查考生根據(jù)上下文提供的信息進(jìn)行分析及推理的能力。完形填空題中絕大多數(shù)屬這種題型。有的根據(jù)上文、有的根據(jù)下文、有的要上下文結(jié)合，甚至通篇看完并理解才能作出正確的選擇。如：“Asamatteroffact,I’vegotsomeoneintheofficeatthisverymomentwhomight______.”Shewrotedownanumber,andhelditouttome,saying:“Ringupthislady.Shewantsacookimmediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerfortenpeople.”A.hireB.acceptC.suitD.offer【三年高考】11、12、13高考試題及其解析2013高考英語試題【2013重慶卷】BItiseasytooverlooktherolethatyourbodyplaysininfluencingyourmood(情緒).Whenyouare49,youmayfindyourselfblamingworkpressuresoranunknownfuture.However,itcouldjustbethatyou’vebeensittingbehindyourdesktoolong.Onewaytoimproveyourmoodis50.Psychologically,itprovidesyouwithabreakfromthestressesinyourlife.Also,intheprocess,youmayaimfor51goals,likeanewpersonalrunningrecordorabetterbodyshape.Theachievementofaparticulargoalmakesyoufeelgoodandcontributestoyour52.Thatiswhyexercisehasbeenshownto53yourself-respect.Youdonothavetotrainyourself54tofeelthepsychologicalbenefitsofexercise.Whatreallymattersis55,notintensity(強(qiáng)度)ofyourexercise.Youcantrywalkingfor30minutesfivetimesperweekorsimplygardeningonweekends.本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！49.A.ill B.poor C. unhappy D. unsuccessful50.A.play B.communication C. sleep D. exercise51.A.clear B.present C. common D. early52.A.ability B.relationship C. confidence D. business53.A.teardown B.buildup C. setaside D. giveout54.A.hard B.everywhere C. carefully D. late55.A.time B.length C. form D. frequency【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明性的文章。人們常常會(huì)忽視身體對(duì)情緒的影響。鍛煉可以使人們快樂起來。鍛煉也能使人增強(qiáng)信心，樹立起自尊心。同時(shí)也告訴讀者如果想要得到鍛煉的好處，應(yīng)該在于經(jīng)常鍛煉而不在于鍛煉的強(qiáng)度。最后一段點(diǎn)出文章主旨大意。本篇難度：中等。49．C。本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！52．C。本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】根據(jù)生活常識(shí)和上下文推斷?！板憻拸?qiáng)身”這是人人都知道的事實(shí)，身體好了，信心就會(huì)得到增強(qiáng)。同時(shí)，本句中的aparticulargoalmakesyoufeelgood也可以印證常識(shí)的正確性，所以本題答案為C。本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，【2013廣東卷】完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizea1innumber.Humanbeingsarebornwiththisability.2,experimentsshowthatmanyanimalsare,too.Forexample,manybirdshavegoodnumbersense.Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnot3.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebird4leaves.Thismeansthatthebirdknowsthe5betweentwoandthree.Anotherinterestingexperimentshowedabird's6numbersense.Amanwastryingtotakeaphotoofacrow（烏鴉）thathadanestinatower,butthecrowalwaysleftwhenshesawhimcoming.Thebirddidnot7untilthemanleftthetower.Themanhadan8.Hetookanothermanwithhimtothetower.Onemanleftandtheotherstayed,buttheydidnot9thebird.Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.Theexperimentwas10withthreemenandthenwithfourmen.Butthecrowdidnotreturntothenestuntilallthemenwere11.Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere12abletofoolthecrow.Howgoodisahuman'snumbersense?It'snotverygood.Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma13group.Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,thechildrenare14fooled.Itseemsthatnumbersenseissomethingwehaveincommonwithmanyanimalsinthisworld,andthatourhuman15isnotmuchbetterthanacrow's.1. A.rise B.pattern C.change D.trend2. A.Importantly B.Surprisingly C.Disappointedly D.Fortunately3. A.survive B.care C.hatch D.notice4. A.generally B.sincerely C.casually D.deliberately5． A.distance B.range C.different D.interval6． A.amazing B.annoying C.satisfying D.disturbing7. A.relax B.recover C.react D.return8. A.appointment B.excuse C.idea D.explanation9. A.fool B.hurt C.catch D.kill10. A.reported B.repeated C.designed D.approved11. A.confused B.gone C.tired D.drunk12. A.gradually B.luckily C.strangely D.finally13. A.single B.small C.local D.new14. A.seldom B.temporarily C.merely D.often15. A.sight B.nature C.ability D.belief本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！【官方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：】123456789101112131415A卷CBDACADCABBDBDCB卷ADBCACBACDDBDBA【文章出處：】出處1：\o"學(xué)優(yōu)高考網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有"opics/snumb出處2：?本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位：】考察六個(gè)動(dòng)詞，四個(gè)副詞，二個(gè)形容詞，三個(gè)名詞 其中運(yùn)用重現(xiàn)策略解題的題目有七道題。分別是3（原詞重現(xiàn)），7（原詞重現(xiàn)或反義重現(xiàn)），8（上下義重現(xiàn)），9（原詞重現(xiàn)），11（同義重現(xiàn)）13（反義重現(xiàn)），15（原詞重現(xiàn)）備考提示：副詞這兩年都考查了較多（往年要么一個(gè)或者沒有），重現(xiàn)依然占有一定的比例。所以在平時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)中選題或編題，應(yīng)該按照這種情況作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 從AB卷的選項(xiàng)比例來看，各選項(xiàng)符合4:4:4:3?！敬鸢附馕?】 說明文，本文講述人和動(dòng)詞都有數(shù)字意識(shí)能力，通過實(shí)驗(yàn)，表明烏鴉的意識(shí)能力比人強(qiáng)。1.C.change考察動(dòng)詞后文中的從four,one,two都說明是在變化。根據(jù)上下文意思答題。其他選項(xiàng)Arise意為上升，Bpattern意為樣式，Dtrend意為趨向。2.B.Surprisingly考察副詞，根據(jù)上下文句意，此處表示驚訝，居然動(dòng)物也具有這種能力。3.D.notice考察動(dòng)詞，原詞重現(xiàn)，F(xiàn)orexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnoticeifsomethingistakenawayfroma13）意為注意、留意。此題的Chatch選項(xiàng)意為孵化，該詞不常見，出處在人教新課標(biāo)版Book8U2。4.A.generally考察副詞。根據(jù)上下文意思可以得出答案。此句意為“鳥普遍會(huì)離開”。另外，此題也可以通過排除法解答。其他選項(xiàng)代入意思都不匹配。5.C.difference考察名詞。根據(jù)上下文意思答題。從上兩句“Ifanesthasfoureggsandyouremoveone,thebirdwillnot3.However,ifyouremovetwo,thebird4leaves.”的表達(dá)或第1題change不難得出答案。D選項(xiàng)interval超綱了，意為間隔。6.A.amazing考察形容詞，根據(jù)上下文意思以及第二題的surprisingly不難得出答案。7.D.return考察動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.”的stayedaway以及第11題前“Butthecrowdidnotreturntothenestuntilallthemenwere11.”的return不難得出答案。此題答題的關(guān)鍵是看重復(fù)出現(xiàn)until的結(jié)構(gòu)語句。Thebirddidnot7untilthemanleftthetower./Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too./Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere12abletofoolthecrow.8.C.idea考察名詞，上下義重現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上下文，后面的做法都表明這是一個(gè)主意想法?？梢灾苯优懦渌x項(xiàng)。9.A.fool考察動(dòng)詞，原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)12題“12abletofoolthecrow.”的fool以及14題“thechildrenare14fooled.”的詞fooled可以得出答案。10.B.repeated考察動(dòng)詞從上下文意思可以得出答案為重復(fù)做。此外，也可以根據(jù)常識(shí)中的實(shí)驗(yàn)是要反復(fù)進(jìn)行的。11.B.gone考察動(dòng)詞，同義重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)第10題前的語句“Thecrowstayedawayuntilthesecondmanleft,too.”中的left和第12題的語句“Itwasnotuntilfivemenwentintothetowerandonlyfourleftthattheywere12abletofoolthecrow.”中的left可以知道答案。本解析為學(xué)優(yōu)名師解析團(tuán)隊(duì)原創(chuàng)，授權(quán)學(xué)優(yōu)獨(dú)家使用，如有盜用，依法追責(zé)！12.D.finally考察副詞根據(jù)上下文意思可知此處表示多次努力后最終成功。13.B.small考察形容詞反義重現(xiàn)及排除法可以解答。相對(duì)于threeorfour,用small較恰當(dāng)。single只能表示1不能表示2。local和new與本文的內(nèi)容沒有任何關(guān)系。14.D.often考察副詞。根據(jù)上下文意思可以得出答案。前一句“Forexample,babiesaboutfourteenmonthsoldalmostalwaysnotice”的always和本句中的“Butwhenthenumbergoesbeyondthreeorfour,”but可以得知此處答案為often.15.C.ability考察名詞，最后一段是對(duì)文章的總結(jié)。原詞重現(xiàn)，根據(jù)第一段第一句和第二句話“Numbersenseisnottheabilitytocount.Itistheabilitytorecognizea1innumber.Humanbeingsarebornwiththisability.”不難得出答案。議論文【2013上海卷】SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext. Overthepastfewdecades,moreandmorecountrieshaveopenedupthemarkets,increasinglytransformingtheworldeconomyintoonefree-flowingglobalmarket.Thequestionis：Iseconomicglobalization50forall?AccordingtotheWorldBank,oneofitschiefsupporters,economicglobalizationhashelpedreduce51inalargenumberofdevelopingcountries.Itquotesonestudythatshowsincreasedwealth52toimprovededucationandlongerlifeintwenty-fourdevelopingcountriesasaresultofintegration(融合)oflocaleconomiesintotheworldeconomy.Hometosomethreebillionpeople,thesetwenty-fourcountrieshaveseenincomes53atanaveragerateoffivepercent—comparedtotwopercentindevelopedcountries.Thosewho54globalizationclaimthateconomiesindevelopingcountrieswillbenefitfromnewopportunitiesforsmallandhome-basedbusinesses.55,smallfarmersinBrazilwhoproducenutsthatwouldoriginallyhavesoldonlyin56open-airmarketscannowpromotetheirgoodsworldwidebytheInternet.Criticstakeadifferentview,believingthateconomicglobalizationisactually57thegapbetweentherichandpoor.AstudycarriedoutbytheU.N.-sponsoredWorldCommissionontheSocialDimensionofGlobalizationshowsthatonlyafewdevelopingcountrieshaveactually58fromintegrationintotheworldeconomyandthatthepoor,theuneducated,unskilledworkers,andnativepeopleshavebeenleftbehind.59,theymaintainthatglobalizationmayeventuallythreatenemergingbusinesses.Forexample,Indiancraftsmenwhocurrentlyseemtobenefitfromglobalizationbecausetheyareableto60theirproductsmaysoonfacefiercecompetitionthatcouldputthemoutof61.Whenlarge-scalemanufacturersstarttoproducethesamegoods,orwhensuperstoreslikeWal-Martmovein,thesesmallbusinesseswillnotbeableto62andwillbecrowdedout.Onethingiscertainaboutglobalization—thereisno63.Advancesintechnologycombinedwithmoreopenpolicieshavealreadycreatedaninterconnectedworld.The64nowisfindingawaytocreateakindofglobalizationthatworksforthebenefitofall. (347words)50.A.possible B.smooth C.good D.easy51.A.crime B.poverty C.conflict D.population52.A.contributing B.responding C.turning D.owing53.A.remain B.drop C.shift D.increase54.A.doubt B.define C.advocate D.ignore55.A.Inaddition B.Forinstance C.Inotherwords D.Allinall56.A.mature B.new C.local D.foreign57.A.finding B.exploring C.bridging D.widening58.A.suffered B.profited C.learned D.withdrawn59.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise60.A.consume B.deliver C.export D.advertise61.A.trouble B.business C.power D.mind62.A.keepup B.comein C.goaround D.helpout63.A.takingoff B.gettingalong C.holdingout D.turningback64.A.agreement B.prediction C.outcome D.challenge【文章大意】文章主要講述的是市場(chǎng)開放，即全球化給人們帶來的影響。文章中包含兩種相反的觀點(diǎn)，一種觀點(diǎn)陳述的是全球化帶來的好處，一種觀點(diǎn)陳述的是全球化帶來的問題，各有充足的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)。文章最后，得出結(jié)論，全球化不可避免、無回頭路可走，只有想辦法找到一條最好的全球化的道路。51.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】B【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】根據(jù)后文的“Itquotesonestudythatshowsincreasedwealth52toimprovededucationandlongerlifeintwenty-fourdevelopingcountries”中的increasedwealth增加的財(cái)富，可知，市場(chǎng)開放給這些國(guó)家?guī)砹素?cái)富的增加，財(cái)富增加了，那么就是減少了貧困問題，即選擇B項(xiàng)。Crime犯罪poverty貧困conflict沖突population人口【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】考察名詞和語境55.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】B【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】上一句講到了小型的、家庭型的生意會(huì)獲得等多的機(jī)會(huì)，該句講的是他們具體是得到怎樣的機(jī)會(huì)，因此屬于具體說明、舉例說明，故選擇B項(xiàng)的forinstance意為例如。Inaddition意為此外，表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。Inotherwords換句話說，Allinall總而言之。【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】考察連詞和語境。56.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】C【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】根據(jù)后面的“cannowpromotetheirgoodsworldwidebytheInternet.”中的now,worldwide與前半句的originally和in56open-airmarkets是對(duì)比關(guān)系，即過去是當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)，現(xiàn)在市場(chǎng)開放后是全球市場(chǎng)。因此選擇C項(xiàng)，local意為當(dāng)?shù)氐?；mature意為成熟的；new意為新的；foreign意為國(guó)外的【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】考察形容詞和語境。60.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】C【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】根據(jù)上文中的“smallfarmersinBrazilwhoproducenutsthatwouldoriginallyhavesoldonlyin56open-airmarketscannowpromotetheirgoodsworldwidebytheInternet”可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝丝梢酝ㄟ^互聯(lián)網(wǎng)把商品賣到世界各地，即向國(guó)外出口（export)商品，故選擇C，句意為，例如，印度的手藝人目前看起來是從全球化中收益了，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢猿隹谒麄兊纳唐?，但是他們很快就?huì)面對(duì)激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，這可能會(huì)讓他們破產(chǎn)。故選擇C項(xiàng)。Consume消耗、消費(fèi)deliver遞送，發(fā)表，advertise做廣告【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】考察動(dòng)詞和語境。【學(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】考察名詞和語境。【2013安徽卷】完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ifyouwanttolearnanewlanguage,theveryfirstthingtothinkaboutiswhy.Doyouneeditfora___36___reason,suchasyourjoboryourstudies?___37____perhapsyou’reinterestedinthe___38____,filmsormusicofadifferentcountryandyouknowhowmuchitwillhelptohavea___39____ofthelanguage.Mostpeoplelearnbestusingavarietyof___40____,buttraditionalclassesareanideal（理想的）startformanypeople.They___41__anenvironmentwhereyoucanpracticeunderthe__42___ofsomeonewho’sgoodatthelanguage.Wealllead___43___livesandlearningalanguagetakes__44___.Youwillhavemoresuccessifyoustudyregularly,sotrytodevelopa___45___.Itdoesn’tmatterifyouhaven’tgotlong.Becomingfluentinalanguagewilltakeyears,butlearningtogetbytakes__46__.Manypeoplestartlearningalanguageandsoongiveup.“I’mtoo__47___,”theysay.Yes,childrendolearnlanguagesmore__48___thanadults,butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatany___49___.Andlearningisgoodforthehealthofyourbrain,too.I’vealsoheardpeople___50___aboutthemistakestheymakewhen___51___.Well,relaxandlaughaboutyourmistakes__52____you’remuchlesslikelytomakethemagain.Learninganewlanguageisnever___53___.Butwithsomeworkanddevotion,you’llmakeprogress.Andyou’llbe__54___bythepositivereactionofsomepeoplewhenyousayjustafewwordsin___55___ownlanguage.Goodluck!36.A.technicalB.politicalC.practicalD.physical37.A.AfterB.SoC.ThoughD.Or38.AliteratureB.transportC.agricultureD.medicine39.AviewB.knowledgeC.formD.database40.ApaintingsB.regulationsC.methodsD.computers41.A.protectB.changeC.respectD.provide42.A.controlB.commandC.guidanceD.pressure43.A.busyB.happyC.simpleD.normal44.A.courageB.timeC.energyD.place45.A.theoryB.businessC.routineD.project46.A.somerisksB.alotlessC.somenotesD.alotmore47.A.oldB.nervousC.weakD.tired48.A.closelyB.quicklyC.privatelyD.quietly49.A.ageB.speedC.distanceD.school50.A.worryB.hesitateC.thinkD.quarrel51.A.singingB.workingC.bargainingD.learning52.A.ifB.andC.butD.before53.A.tiresomeB.hardC.interestingD.easy54.A.blamedB.amazedC.interruptedD.informed55.A.theirB.hisC.ourD,your【文章大意】這篇短文主要談?wù)摿顺赡耆藢W(xué)習(xí)外語的一個(gè)話題。告訴我們，要想需要一門語言，首先直到自己為什么要學(xué)這門語言。然后選擇一種適合自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法，并且有規(guī)律的練習(xí)。學(xué)習(xí)外語不只是孩子們的專利，我們?cè)谌魏文挲g都可以學(xué)習(xí)外語，并且這有助于我們的大腦健康。學(xué)習(xí)外語從來不是一件容易的事情，但是只要有付出就會(huì)有回報(bào)。41.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】D【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A.保護(hù)；B.改變；C.尊敬；D.提供。聯(lián)系下文anenvironment，一個(gè)環(huán)境，可知此處指的是，他們給你提供一個(gè)你可以練習(xí)的環(huán)境，故選Ｄ。47.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】A【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】聯(lián)系下文Yes,childrendolearnlanguagesmorequicklythanadults,butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatanyage.可知此處指的是與孩子們相比，他們覺得自己年齡太大了，故選A，老的，年長(zhǎng)的。48.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】B【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】聯(lián)系下文butresearchhasshownthatyoucanlearnalanguageatanyage.描述，可知此處指的是孩子們比成年人學(xué)習(xí)語言快，故選Ｂ。49.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】A【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】聯(lián)系前文Yes,childrendolearnlanguagesmorequicklythanadults,，可知此處指的是在任何年齡你都能學(xué)習(xí)外語。故選A.年齡。54.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】B【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A.責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；B.使吃驚；C.干預(yù)；D.告發(fā)，告密。聯(lián)系上文I’vealsoheardpeopleworriedaboutthemistakes，我也聽說人們擔(dān)心他們犯的錯(cuò)誤?？芍銜?huì)被一些人的積極反應(yīng)嚇一跳，故選Ｂ。55.【學(xué)優(yōu)答案】A【學(xué)優(yōu)解析】聯(lián)系前文bythepositivereactionofsomepeople，可知此處人稱代詞指的是前文somepeople說的話語，people本句中表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，故人稱代詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，選A.他們的?！緦W(xué)優(yōu)考點(diǎn)定位】關(guān)于語言學(xué)習(xí)的說明文2012高考英語試題（2012·江蘇卷）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Theconceptofsolitude(獨(dú)處)inthedigitalworldisalmostnon-existent.Intheworldofdigitaltechnology,e-mail,socialnetworkingandonlinevideogames,informationismeanttobe__36__.Solitudecanbehardtodiscover__37__ithasbeengivenup.Inthisrespect,newtechnologieshave__38__ourculture. Thedesiretobeconnectedhasbroughtsolitudetoa(n)__39__aswe'veknownit.Peoplehavebecomeso__40__intheworldofnetworksandconnectionsthatonecanoftenbecontacted__41__they'drathernotbe.Todaywecantalk,text,e-mail,chatandblog(寫博客),notonlyfromour__42__，butfromourmobilephonesaswell. Mostdevelopednationshavebecome__43__ondigitaltechnologysimplybecausethey'vegrownaccustomedtoit,andatthispointnot__44__itwouldmakethemanoutsider.__45__，manyjobsandcareersrequirepeopletobe__46__.Fromthispointofview,technologyhaschangedthecultureofwork.Beingreachablemightfeellikea__47__tothosewhomaynotwanttobeabletobecontactedatalltimes. Isupposethepositivesideisthatsolitudeisstillpossibleforanyonewho__48__wantsit.Computerscanbeshut__49__andmobilephonescanbeturnedoff.Theabilitytobe“connected”and“on”hasmany__50__，aswellasdisadvantages.Travelershaveendedup__51__onmountains,andmobilephoneshavesavedcountlesslives.Theycanalsomakepeoplefeel__52__andforcedtoanswerunwantedcallsor__53__tounwantedtexts.Attitudestowardsourconnectednessasasociety__54__acrossgenerations.Somefindtoday'stechnologyagift.Othersconsideritacurse.Regardlessofanyone'sviewonthesubject,it'shardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelike__55__dailyadvancementsintechnology.36.A.updatedB.receivedC.sharedD.collected37.A.thoughB.untilC.onceD.before38.A.respectedB.shapedC.ignoredD.preserved39.A.edgeB.stageC.endD.balance40.A.sensitiveB.intelligentC.considerateD.reachable41.A.evenifB.onlyifC.asifD.ifonly42.A.mediaB.computersC.databasesD.monitors43.A.bentB.hardC.keenD.dependent44.A.findingB.usingC.protectingD.changing45.A.AlsoB.InsteadC.OtherwiseD.Somehow46.A.connectedB.trainedC.recommendedD.interested47.A.pleasureB.benefitC.burdenD.disappointment48.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.merelyD.really49.A.outB.downC.upD.in50.A.aspectsB.weaknessesC.advantagesD.exceptions51.A.hiddenB.lostC.relaxedD.deserted52.A.trappedB.excitedC.confusedD.amused53.A.turnB.submitC.objectD.reply54.A.varyB.ariseC.spreadD.exist55.A.beyondB.withinC.despiteD.without【文章大意】在當(dāng)今的數(shù)字技術(shù)時(shí)代，獨(dú)處的想法是幾乎不可能存在的。網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展給人們生活帶來了便利，同時(shí)也有著不便。36.C當(dāng)今世界擁有數(shù)字技術(shù)、電子郵件、社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、在線視頻游戲、信息等可以分享(share)。37.C獨(dú)處一旦(once)放棄就很難發(fā)現(xiàn)。38.B在這方面，新的技術(shù)已經(jīng)形成了(shape)我們的文化。39.Cbring…toanend意為“使……結(jié)束，使……終止”，符合句意。40.D在網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接世界中，人們已經(jīng)變得如此容易聯(lián)系到(reachable)。sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“聰明的，有才智的”；considerate“體貼的，體諒的，考慮周到的”。41.A在網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接世界中，人們已經(jīng)變得如此容易聯(lián)系到以至于即使(evenif)不愿意被聯(lián)系，也可能經(jīng)常被聯(lián)系。（2012·上海卷）Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.PeopleonacollegecampusweremorelikelytogivemoneytotheMarchofDimesiftheywereaskedforadonationbyadisabledwomaninawheelchairthanifaskedbyanondisabledwoman.Inanother__50__，subwayridersinNewYorksawamancarryingastickstumble(絆腳)andfalltothefloor.Sometimesthevictimhadalargeredbirthmarkonhis__51__;sometimeshedidnot.Inthissituation,thevictimwasmorelikelyto__52__aidifhisfacewasspotlessthanifhehadanunattractivebirthmark.In__53__theseandotherresearchfindings，twothemesare__54__:wearemorewillingtohelppeoplewelikeforsomereasonandpeoplewethink__55__assistance.Insomesituations,thosewhoarephysicallyattractivearemorelikelytoreceiveaid.__56__,inafieldstudyresearchersplacedacompletedapplicationtograduateschoolinatelephoneboxattheairport.Theapplicationwasreadytobe__57__，buthadapparentlybeen“l(fā)ost”.Thephotoattachedtotheapplicationwassometimesthatofavery__58__personandsometimesthatofalessattractiveperson.Themeasureofhelpingwaswhethertheindividualwhofoundtheenvelopeactuallymaileditornot.Resultsshowedthatpeopleweremorelikelyto__59__theapplicationifthepersoninthephotowasphysicallyattractive.Thedegreeof__60__betweenthepotentialhelperandthepersoninneedisalsoimportant.Forexample,peoplearemorelikelytohelpastrangerwhoisfromthesamecountryratherthanaforeigner.Inonestudy,shoppersonabusystreetinScotlandweremorelikelytohelpapersonwearinga(n)__61__T-shirtthanapersonwearingaT-shirtprintedwithoffensivewords.Whetherapersonreceiveshelpdependsinpartonthe“worth”ofthecase.Forexample,shoppersinasupermarketweremorelikelytogivesomeone__62__tobuymilkratherthantobuycookies,probablybecausemilkisthoughtmoreessentialfor__63__thancookies.PassengersonaNewYorksubwayweremorelikelytohelpamanwhofelltothegroundifheappearedtobe__64__ratherthandrunk.50.A.studyB.wayC.wordD.college51.A.handB.armC.faceD.back52.A.refuseB.begC.loseD.receive53.A.challengingB.recordingC.understandingD.publishing54.A.importantB.possibleC.amusingD.missing55.A.seekB.deserveC.obtainD.accept56.A.AtfirstB.AboveallC.InadditionD.Forexample57.A.printedB.mailedC.rewrittenD.signed58.A.talentedB.good-lookingC.helpfulD.hard-working59.A.sendinB.throwawayC.filloutD.turndown60.A.similarityB.friendshipC.cooperationD.contact61.A.expensiveB.plainC.cheapD.strange62.A.timeB.instructionsC.moneyD.chances63.A.shoppersB.researchC.childrenD.health64.A.talkativeB.handsomeC.calmD.sick【文章大意】在什么情況下人們更容易得到幫助？研究表明：我們更愿意幫助我們喜歡的人和我們認(rèn)為值得幫助的人；外表有吸引力比不太有吸引力的人更容易得到幫助；生病跌倒比喝醉跌倒更容易得到幫助等。說明文（2012·課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks__36__thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore__37__thanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal(非言語)communicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereally__38__.Andbodylanguageisparticularly__39__whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso__40__apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.__41__，differentsocietiestreatthe__42__betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving__43__contact(接觸)evenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwith__44__.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,__45__，toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatin__46__，itmaylooklikeaLatinois__47__aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving__48__.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeep__49__—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardas__50__.Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople__51__.Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom__52__cultures,there'sastrongpossibilityof__53__.Butwhateverthesituation,thebest__54__istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe__55__.36．A.straigh