2021考研《英語(yǔ)(一)》沖刺模擬試題及解析(二)

考研《英語(yǔ)(一)》沖刺模擬試題及解析(二)第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)ItisgenerallyrecognizedintheworldthatthesecondGulfWarinIraqisacrucialtestofhigh-speedweb.Fordecades,Americanshaveanxiously1eachwarthroughanewcommunication2,fromtheearlysilentfilmofWorldWarItothe24-hourcablenews3ofthefirstPersianGulfWar.Now,4bombsexplodinginBaghdad,asuddenincreaseinwartime5foronlinenewshasbecomeacentraltestofthe6ofhigh-speedInternetconnections.Itisalsoagood7bothtoattractuserstoonlinemedia8andtopersuadethemtopayforthematerialtheyfindthere,9thevalueoftheCableNewsNetworkpersuadedmillionsto10tocableduringthelastwarinIraq.11byasteadyriseoverthelast18monthsinthenumberofpeoplewithhigh-speedInternet12,nowatmorethan70millionintheUnitedStates,thewebsitesofmanyofthemajor第1頁(yè)共42頁(yè)newsorganizationshave13assembledanovelcollage(拼貼)of14video,audioreports,photographycollections,animatedweaponry15,interactivemapsandothernewdigitalreportage.TheseInternetservicesare16ontheremarkableabundanceofsoundsandimages17fromvideocameras18onBaghdadandjournaliststravelingwithtroops.Andtheyhavefounda19audienceofAmericanofficeworkers20theircomputersduringtheearlycombat.(245words)1.[A]notified[B]publicized[C]followed[D]pursued2.[A]means[B]medium[C]method[D]measure3.[A]coverage[B]publication[C]convention[D]conveyance4.[A]during[B]in[C]as[D]with5.[A]report[B]demand[C]concern[D]prospect6.[A]ability[B]chance[C]potential[D]power7.[A]opportunity[B]perspective[C]message[D]response8.[A]outlets[B]resources[C]circumstances[D]positions9.[A]forallthat[B]nowthat[C]justas[D]asif10.[A]subject[B]contribute[C]apply[D]subscribe11.[A]Discouraged[B]Inspired[C]Impressed[D]Effected12.[A]approach[B]usage[C]application[D]access13.[A]radically[B]plausibly[C]orderly[D]hastily第2頁(yè)共42頁(yè)14.[A]living[B]alive[C]live[D]lively15.[A]destruction[B]displays[C]installation[D]contest16.[A]capitalizing[B]embarking[C]broadcasting[D]operating17.[A]accessible[B]desirable[C]feasible[D]available18.[A]focused[B]rested[C]reckoned[D]depended19.[A]continuous[B]perpetual[C]captive[D]temporary20.[A]with[B]at[C]beside[D]near12345678910...>>第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes:emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheris第3頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第4頁(yè)共42頁(yè)attitudes,itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperiences.Toillustrate,first-gradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outsidereadingandall-daytrips.Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbenegativeifshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionasaresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.(377words)Notes:pointupupon觸及。creed信條，教義。inculcation諄諄教誨。cajoling哄騙。21.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?[A]Anassertionismadeandtwoexamplesaregiventoillustrateit.第5頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第6頁(yè)共42頁(yè)24.Astatementnotmadeorimpliedinthetextisthat[A]attitudescanbebasedonthelearningofuntruestatements.[B]worthwhileattitudesmaybedevelopedinpracticallyeverysubjectarea.[C]attitudescannoteasilybechangedbyrewardsandlectures.[D]theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedprimarilybythewaytheyweretreatedasinfants.25.Thetextspeciallystatesthat[A]directexperiencesaremorevaluablethanindirectones.[B]whateverattitudesachildlearnsinschoolhavealreadybeenintroducedathome.[C]teacherscansometimeshaveanunwholesomeinfluenceonchildren.[D]teachersshouldalwaysconcealtheirownattitudes第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析Text2Anindustrialsociety,especiallyoneascentralizedandconcentratedasthatofBritain,isheavilydependentoncertainessentialservices:forinstance,electricitysupply,water,railandroadtransport,andharbors.Theareaof第7頁(yè)共42頁(yè)dependencyhaswidenedtoincluderemovingrubbish,hospitalandambulanceservices,and,astheeconomydevelops,centralcomputerandinformationservicesaswell.Ifanyoftheseservicesceasestooperate,thewholeeconomicsystemisindanger.Itisthiseconomicinterdependencyoftheeconomicsystemwhichmakesthepoweroftradeunionssuchanimportantissue.Singletradeunionshavetheabilitytocutoffmanycountries'economicbloodsupply.ThiscanhappenmoreeasilyinBritainthaninsomeothercountries,inpartbecausethelaborforceishighlyorganized.About55percentofBritishworkersbelongtounions,comparedtounderaquarterintheUnitedStates.Forhistoricalreasons,Britain'sunionshavetendedtodevelopalongtradeandoccupationallines,ratherthanonanindustry-by-industrybasis,whichmakesawagespolicy,democracyinindustryandtheimprovementofprocedureforfixingwagelevelsdifficulttoachieve.Thereareconsiderablestrainsandtensionsinthetradeunionmovement,someofthemarisingfromtheiroutdatedandinefficientstructure.Someunionshavelostmanymembersbecauseoftheirindustrialchanges.Othersareinvolvedinargumentsaboutwhoshouldrepresentworkersinnewtrades.第8頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第9頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[B]Tooutlineinbriefthegreatscaleofessentialservices.[C]Toillustratethedangerinthewholeeconomicsystem.[D]Tobringoutacentralizedandconcentratedindustrialsociety.27.Becauseoftheirout-of-dateorganizationsomeunionsfinditdifficultto[A]recruitnewmemberstojoin.[B]remoldthemselvesasindustrieschange.[C]adapttoadvancingtechnologies.[D]bargainforhighenoughwages.28.Disagreementsarisebetweenunionsbecausesomeofthem[A]takeoverotherunions'jobs.[B]trytowinovermembersofotherunions.[C]protecttheirownmembersattheexpenseofothers.[D]intendtorepresentworkersinnewtradeorganizations.29.Whatbasicproblemarewetoldmosttradeunionsface?[A]Theyareequalinsizeofinfluence.[B]Theyarelesspowerfulthaneverbefore.[C]Theydon'thaveenoughmembers.[D]Theyarenotorganizedefficiently.30.Thetitlewhichbestexpressestheideaofthetext第10頁(yè)共42頁(yè)wouldbe[A]BritishTradeUnionsandTheirDrawbacks.[B]ACentralizedandConcentratedSociety.[C]ThePowerofTradeUnionsinBritain.[D]TheStructureofBritishTradeUnions.第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析Text3Istheliterarycriticlikethepoet,respondingcreatively,intuitively,subjectivelytothewrittenwordasthepoetrespondstohumanexperience?Oristhecriticmorelikeascientist,followingaseriesofdemonstrable,verifiablesteps,usinganobjectivemethodofanalysis?Forthewomanwhoisapractitioneroffeministliterarycriticism,thesubjectivityversusobjectivity,orcritic-as-artist-or-scientist,debatehasspecialsignificance;forher,thequestionisnotonlyacademic,butpoliticalaswell,andherdefinitionwillprovokespecialriskswhicheversideoftheissueitfavors.Ifshedefinesfeministcriticismasobjectiveandscientific—avalid,verifiable,intellectualmethodthatanyone,whethermanorwoman,canperform—thedefinitionnotonlymakesthecritic-as-artistapproachimpossible,butmayalsohinder第11頁(yè)共42頁(yè)accomplishmentoftheutilitarianpoliticalobjectivesofthosewhoseektochangetheacademicestablishmentanditsthinking,especiallyaboutsexroles.Ifshedefinesfeministcriticismascreativeandintuitive,privilegedasart,thenherworkbecomesvulnerabletotheprejudicesofstereotypicideasaboutthewaysinwhichwomenthink,andwillbedismissedbymuchoftheacademicestablishment.Becauseoftheseprejudices,womenwhouseanintuitiveapproachintheircriticismmayfindthemselveschargedwithinabilitytobeanalytical,tobeobjective,ortothinkcritically.Whereasmenmaybefreetoclaimtheroleofcritic-as-artist,womenrundifferentprofessionalriskswhentheychooseintuitionandprivateexperienceascriticalmethodanddefense.Thesequestionsarepoliticalinthesensethatthedebateoverthemwillinevitablybelessanexplorationofabstractmattersinaspiritofdisinterestedinquirythananacademicpowerstruggle,inwhichthecareersandprofessionalfortunesofmanywomenscholarsonlynowenteringtheacademicprofessioninsubstantialnumberswillbeatstake,andwiththemthechancesforadistinctivecontributiontohumanisticunderstanding,acontributionthatmightbeanimportantinfluenceagainstsexisminoursociety.第12頁(yè)共42頁(yè)Aslongastheacademicestablishmentcontinuestoregardobjectiveanalysisas“masculine”andanintuitiveapproachas“feminine,”thetheoreticianmuststeeradelicatephilosophicalcoursebetweenthetwo.Ifshewishestoconstructatheoryoffeministcriticism,shewouldbewelladvisedtoplaceitwithintheframeworkofageneraltheoryofthecriticalprocessthatisneitherpurelyobjectivenorpurelyintuitive.Hertheoryisthenmorelikelytobecomparedandcontrastedwithothertheoriesofcriticismwithsomedegreeofdispassionatedistance.(418words)31.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthetext?[A]HowTheoriesofLiteraryCriticismCanBestBeUsed[B]ProblemsConfrontingWomenWhoAreFeministLiteraryCritics[C]AHistoricalOverviewofFeministLiteraryCriticism[D]LiteraryCriticism:ArtorScience?32.Accordingtotheauthor,thedebatehasspecialsignificanceforthewomanwhoisatheoreticianoffeministliterarycriticismbecause[A]womenwhoareliterarycriticsfaceprofessionalrisksdifferentfromthosefacedbymenwhoareliterarycritics.第13頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[B]therearelargenumbersofcapablewomenworkingwithintheacademicestablishment.[C]thereareafewpowerfulfeministcriticswhohavebeenrecognizedbytheacademicestablishment.[D]likeothercritics,mostwomenwhoareliterarycriticsdefinecriticismaseitherscientificorartistic.33.TheauthorspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingasdifficultiesthatparticularlyaffectwomenwhoaretheoreticiansoffeministliterarycriticismEXCEPTthe[A]tendencyofapredominantlymaleacademicestablishmenttoformpreconceptionsaboutwomen.[B]limitationsthatareimposedwhencriticismisdefinedasobjectiveandscientific.[C]likelihoodthattheworkofawomantheoreticianwhoclaimstheprivilegeofartwillbeviewedwithprejudicebysomeacademics.[D]tendencyofmembersoftheacademicestablishmenttotreatallformsoffeministliterarytheorywithhostility.34.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwoulddefineas“political”(Line1,Para.3)thequestionsthat[A]cannotberesolvedwithoutextensivedebate.[B]areprimarilyacademicinnatureandopentoabstract第14頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[D]willbedebatedbybothmenandwomen.[B]Topursuetruthinadisinterestedmanner.第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析Text4第15頁(yè)共42頁(yè)businessesawardedfederalcontractsofmorethan$500,000dotheirbesttofindminoritysubcontractorsandrecordtheireffortstodosoonformsfiledwiththegovernment.Indeed,somefederalandlocalagencieshavegonesofarastosetspecificpercentagegoalsforapportioningpartsofpublicworkscontractstominorityenterprises.Corporateresponseappearstohavebeensubstantial.Accordingtofigurescollectedin1977,thetotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesrosefrom$77millionin1972to1.1billionin1977.Theprojectedtotalofcorporatecontractswithminoritybusinessesfortheearly1980'sisestimatedtobeover$3billionperyearwithnoletupanticipatedinthenextdecade.Promisingasitisforminoritybusinesses,thisincreasedpatronageposesdangersforthem,too.First,minorityfirmsriskexpandingtoofastandoverextendingthemselvesfinancially,sincemostaresmallconcernsand,unlikelargebusinesses,theyoftenneedtomakesubstantialinvestmentinnewplants,staff,equipmentandthelikeinordertoperformworksubcontractedtothem.If,thereafter,theirsubcontractsareforsomereasonreduced,suchfirmscanfacepotentiallycripplingfixedexpenses.Theworldofcorporatepurchasingcan第16頁(yè)共42頁(yè)befrustratingforsmallentrepreneurswhogetrequestsforelaborateformalestimatesandbids.Bothconsumevaluabletimeandresources,andasmallcompany'seffortsmustsoonresultinorders,orboththemoraleandthefinancialhealthofthebusinesswillsuffer.AsecondriskisthatWhite-ownedcompaniesmayseektocashinontheincreasingapportionmentthroughformationofjointventureswithminority-ownedconcerns.Ofcourse,inmanyinstancestherearelegitimatereasonsforjointventures;clearly,Whiteandminorityenterprisescanteamuptoacquirebusinessthatneithercouldacquirealone.ButcivilrightgroupsandminoritybusinessownershavecomplainedtoCongressaboutminoritiesbeingsetupas“fronts”withWhitebacking,ratherthanbeingacceptedasfullpartnersinlegitimatejointventures.Third,aminorityenterprisethatsecuresthebusinessofonelargecorporatecustomeroftenrunsthedangerofbecomingandremainingdependent.Eveninthebestofcircumstances,fiercecompetitionfromlarger,moreestablishedcompaniesmakesitdifficultforsmallconcernstobroadentheircustomerbases;whensuchfirmshavenearlyguaranteedordersfromasinglecorporatebenefactor,theymaytrulyhavetostruggle第17頁(yè)共42頁(yè)againstcomplacencyarisingfromtheircurrentsuccess.(469words)Notes:civilrightsactivists公民權(quán)利激進(jìn)分子。Hispanicsorders轉(zhuǎn)包合同。onformsfiledwiththegovernment在政府存檔備案。percentagegoals指標(biāo)。apportionment分配，分派。publicworks市政工程。letup減弱，緩和。promisingasitis...這是as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)倒裝了。patronage優(yōu)惠。concernn.公司。andthelike以及諸如此類(lèi)的。cripplingfixedexpenses引worldofcashinon...upcomplacency自滿(mǎn)。36.Theprimarypurposeofthetextisto[A]presentacommonplaceideaanditsinaccuracies.[B]describeasituationanditspotentialdrawbacks.[C]proposeatemporarysolutiontoaproblem.[D]analyzeafrequentsourceofdisagreement.37.Accordingtothetext,civilrightsactivistsmaintainthatonedisadvantageunderwhichminority-ownedbusinesseshavetraditionallyhadtolaboristhattheyhave[A]beenespeciallyvulnerabletogovernmentmismanagementoftheeconomy.第18頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[B]beendeniedbankloansatratescomparabletothoseaffordedlargercompetitors.[C]nothadsufficientopportunitytosecurebusinesscreatedbylargecorporations.[D]notbeenabletoadvertiseinthosemediathatreachlargenumbersofpotentialcustomers.38.Thetextsuggeststhatthefailureofalargebusinesstohaveitsbidsforsubcontractsresultquicklyinordersmightcauseitto[A]experiencefrustrationbutnotseriousfinancialharm.[B]havetorecorditseffortsonformsfiledwiththegovernment.[C]increaseitsspendingwithminoritysubcontractors.[D]reviseitsprocedureformakingbidsforfederalcontractsandsubcontracts.39.Theauthorimpliesthataminority-ownedconcernthatdoesthegreaterpartofitsbusinesswithonelargecorporatecustomershould[A]avoidcompetitionwithlarger,moreestablishedconcernsbynotexpanding.[B]concentratingonsecuringevenmorebusinessfromthatcorporation.第19頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[C]useitsinfluencewiththecorporationtopromotesubcontractingwithotherminorityconcerns.[D]trytoexpanditscustomerbasestoavoidbecomingdependentonthecorporation.40.Accordingtotheorganizationofthetext,itmostlikelyappearedin[A]abusinessmagazine.[B]anaccountingtextbook.[C]adictionaryoffinancialterms.[D]ayearbookofbusinessstatistics.第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41—45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA—Gtofillineachnumberedbox.ThefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeenplacedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Bycontrast,somewhatmorethan25percentoftheearth'spopulationcanbefoundintheindustrializedsocieties.Theyleadmodernlives.Theyareproductsofthefirsthalfof第20頁(yè)共42頁(yè)thetwentiethcentury,moldedbymechanizationandmasseducation,broughtupwithlingeringmemoriesoftheirowncountry'sagriculturalpast.Theyare,ineffect,thepeopleofthepresent.[B]Theremaining2or3percentoftheworld'spopulation,however,arenolongerpeopleofeitherthepastorthepresent.Forwithinthemaincentersoftechnologicalandculturalchange,inSantaMonica,CaliforniaandCambridge,Massachusetts,inNewYorkandLondon,andTokyo,aremillionsofmenandwomenwhocanalreadybesaidtobelivingthewayoflifeofthefuture.Trend-makersoftenwithoutbeingawareofit,livetodayasmillionswilllivetomorrow.Andwhiletheyaccountforonlyafewpercentoftheglobalpopulationtoday,theyarealreadyfromaninternationalnationofthefutureinourmidst.Theyaretheadvancedagentsofman,theearliestcitizensoftheworldwidesuper-industrialsocietynowinthethroesofbirth.[C]Itis,infact,nottoomuchtosaythatthepaceoflifedrawsalinethroughhumanity,dividingusintocamps,triggeringbittermisunderstandingbetweenparentandchild,betweenMadisonAvenueandMainStreet,betweenmenandwomen,betweenAmericanandEuropean,betweenEastandWest.第21頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[D]Whatmakesthemdifferentfromtherestofmankind?Certainly,theyarericher,bettereducated,moremobilethanthemajorityofthehumanrace.Theyalsolivelonger.Butwhatspecificallymarksthepeopleofthefutureisthefactthattheyarealreadycaughtupinanew,stepped-uppaceoflife.They“l(fā)ivethanthepeoplearoundthem.[E]Theinhabitantsoftheeartharedividednotonlybyrace,nation,religionorideology,butalso,inasense,bytheirpositionintime.Examiningthepresentpopulationoftheglobe,wefindatinygroupwhostilllive,huntingandfood-foraging,asmendidmillenniaago.Others,thevastmajorityofmankind,dependnotonbear-huntingorberry-picking,butonagriculture.Theylive,inmanyrespects,astheirancestorsdidcenturiesago.Thesetwogroupstakentogethercomposeperhaps70percentofalllivinghumanbeings.Theyarethepeopleofthepast.[F]Somepeoplearedeeplyattractedtothishighlyacceleratedpaceoffaroutoftheirwaytobringitaboutandfeelinganxious,tenseoruncomfortablewhenthepaceslows.Theywantdesperatelytobe“wheretheactionis.”JamesA.Wilsonhasfound,forexample,thattheattractionforafastpaceoflifeisoneofthehiddenmotivatingforcesbehind第22頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第23頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析Order:PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)46)Arecentphenomenoninpresent-dayscienceandtechnologyistheincreasingtrendtoward“directed”or“programmed”research;i.e.researchwhosescopeandobjectivesarepredeterminedbyprivateorgovernmentorganizationsratherthanresearchersthemselves.Anyscientistworkingforsuchinvestigatinginagivenfieldthereforetendstodosoinaccordancewithaplanorprogramdesignedbeforehand.Atthebeginningofthecentury,however,thesituationwasquitedifferent.Atthattimetherewerenoindustrialresearchorganizationsinthemodernsense:thelaboratoryunitconsistedofafewscientistsatthemost,assistedbyoneortwotechnicians.47)Nevertheless,thescientist,oftenworkingwithinadequateequipmentinunsuitablerooms,wasfreetochooseanysubjectforinvestigationheliked,sincethere第24頁(yè)共42頁(yè)wasnopredeterminedprogramtowhichhehadtoconform.48)Asthecenturydeveloped,theincreasingmagnitudeandcomplexityoftheproblemstobesolvedmadeitimpossible,inmanycases,fortheindividualscientisttodealwiththehugemassofnewdata,techniquesandequipmentthatwererequiredforcarryingoutresearchaccuratelyandefficiently.Theincreasingscaleandscopeoftheexperimentsneededtotestnewhypothesesanddevelopnewtechniquesandindustrialprocessesledtothesettingupofresearchgroupsorteamsusinghighly-complicatedequipmentinelaborately-designedlaboratories.49)Owingtothelargesumsofmoneyinvolved,itwasthenfeltessentialtodirectthesehumanandmaterialresourcesintospecificchannelswithclearly-definedobjectives.Inthiswayitwasconsideredthatthequickestandmostpracticalresultscouldbeobtained.This,then,wasprogrammed(programmatic)research.Oneoftheeffectsofthisorganizedandstandardizedinvestigationistocausethescientisttobecomeincreasinglyinvolvedinappliedresearch(development),especiallyinthebranchesofsciencewhichseemmostlikelytohaveindustrialapplications.Privateindustryandevengovernmentdepartmentstendtoconcentrateonimmediateresultsandshowcomparatively第25頁(yè)共42頁(yè)littleinterestinlong-rangeinvestigations.50)Inconsequence,thereisasteadyshiftofscientistsfromthepuretotheappliedfield,wheretherearemorejobsavailable,frequentlymorehighly-paidandwithbettertechnicalfacilitiesthanjobsconnectedwithpureresearchinauniversity.Owingtotheinterdependencebetweenpureandappliedscience,itiseasytoseethatthissystem,ifextendedtoofar,carriesconsiderabledangersforthefutureofscience—andnotonlypurescience,butappliedscienceaswell.(409words)第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析SectionⅢWritingPartA51.Directions:Achemicalplantshouldberesponsibleforthewaterpollutioninanearbyriver.WritealettertotheCityEnvironmentProtectionAgencyto1)statethepresentsituation,2)suggestwaystodealwiththeproblemand3)expressyoursincerehope.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.第26頁(yè)共42頁(yè)Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160—200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethecartoonbriefly,2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourviewontheissue.YoushouldwriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)夢(mèng)想金錢(qián)未必使人幸福第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析參考答案及解析SectionⅠUseofEnglish參考譯文世人普遍認(rèn)為發(fā)生在伊拉克的第二次海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是對(duì)高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)的海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)24小時(shí)的全天候有線(xiàn)電視報(bào)道，幾十年來(lái)，美國(guó)人一直懷著焦慮不安的心情，通過(guò)新的通訊媒體來(lái)跟蹤每一次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。第27頁(yè)共42頁(yè)的報(bào)道價(jià)值讓數(shù)百萬(wàn)用戶(hù)加入了有線(xiàn)電視網(wǎng)。在過(guò)去18個(gè)月里，使用高速上網(wǎng)服務(wù)的人數(shù)穩(wěn)步增加，目前，在美國(guó)已有7000多萬(wàn)人。受這種增長(zhǎng)形勢(shì)的鼓舞，許多大新聞機(jī)構(gòu)的網(wǎng)站，匆匆忙忙把現(xiàn)場(chǎng)電視報(bào)道、錄音報(bào)道、攝影專(zhuān)輯、動(dòng)態(tài)武器展示、互動(dòng)地圖和其他電子報(bào)道雜亂無(wú)章地拼湊到一起。這些網(wǎng)站充分利用了定格巴格達(dá)的攝影鏡頭和隨軍記者所提供的豐富可觀(guān)的音像材料。早在開(kāi)戰(zhàn)初期，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些守在計(jì)算機(jī)旁的美國(guó)辦公室工作人員是其最忠實(shí)的觀(guān)眾。1.[答案][C]followed[注釋]詞義搭配。notifyvt.通知;publicizevt.宣傳;pursuevt.追求;從事。以上3詞均不合題意。followvt.密切注意;注視;跟蹤。與上下文吻合。2.[答案][B]medium[注釋]詞義搭配。means手段;method方法;measure措施;以上三詞均不合題意。medium媒體，符合上下文需要。3.[答案][A]coverage[注釋]詞義搭配。publicationn.出版;發(fā)行;conventionn.習(xí)俗;大會(huì);conveyancen.傳遞。newscoverage媒體報(bào)導(dǎo)，故應(yīng)選[A]。4.[答案][D]with第28頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[注釋]結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。“with+名詞+分詞短語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，意為“隨著…”。as是連詞，不能引導(dǎo)獨(dú)立asbombsareexplodinginBaghdad，則也可以。5.[答案][B]demand[注釋]詞義結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。本句在談?wù)摗皩?duì)網(wǎng)上新聞的戰(zhàn)時(shí)需求”，故應(yīng)選[B]demand。demandn.(for)對(duì)…的需求。report后不接for，故被排除。concernn.后可接about,at,for意為“對(duì)…的關(guān)心;掛念，如concernabouthisownaffairs(對(duì)他自己的事關(guān)心);concernathismisfortune(對(duì)他不幸的關(guān)切);showconcernforhissafety(表示對(duì)他安全的關(guān)心)。theconcernsofthenation(國(guó)事)。prospectn.前景;展望。6.[答案][C]potential[注釋]詞義結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。ability后常接不定式作定語(yǔ)。chance機(jī)會(huì)，可能性，與thetestof在邏輯上不能搭配。此句意為“檢驗(yàn)高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連結(jié)的潛力”，故應(yīng)選potential。power權(quán)力;電力。不合題意。7.[答案][A]opportunity[注釋]詞義搭配。opportunity機(jī)遇，后常接不定式作定語(yǔ)，本題選[A]在詞義和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上均是正確的。perspectiven.視角，看法;message信息，消息;response反應(yīng)，均不合句意。8.[答案][A]outlets第29頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[注釋]詞義搭配。outletn.(水、氣等的)出口;發(fā)泄;電源;直銷(xiāo)店。toattractuserstoonlinemediaoutlets意為“吸引用戶(hù)得到網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體發(fā)出的各種信息”。9.[答案][C]justas[注釋]邏輯搭配。forallthatconj.盡管;用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步從句。nowthatconj.既然。asif似乎，后接方式從句，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。justas就像。10.[D]subscribe[注釋]詞義結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。subject...to...使…受到、服從…。contributetoto適合。subscribeto訂閱;同意。subscribetocable交錢(qián)收看有線(xiàn)電視。11.[B]Inspired[注釋]vt.使沮喪;打消(某人做某事的念頭)。inspirevt.鼓舞。impressvt.使留下印象。effectvt.(=bringabout)產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，引起：effectacure/achange/asale產(chǎn)生療效/引起變化/實(shí)行大減價(jià)。12.[D]access[注釋]詞義搭配。approachn.接近，通入(to)。usagen.用法。applicationn.應(yīng)用;申請(qǐng)。accessn.利用…的權(quán)利：peoplewithhighspeedInternetaccess(有權(quán)使用高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的人們)。13.[D]hastily[注釋]似乎第30頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第31頁(yè)共42頁(yè)[注釋]詞義搭配。focus...on把焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)…。reston依靠，依賴(lài)。reckonon依靠，指望。dependon依靠，依賴(lài);取決于。19.[C]captive[注釋]adj.持續(xù)不斷的;perpetualadj.永恒的;temporaryadj.臨時(shí)的。captiveadj.俘虜?shù)?跑不掉的;忠實(shí)的(觀(guān)眾、客戶(hù)等)。20.[B]at[注釋]在此句中表示“守在…的近旁收看”，有動(dòng)作含義，如beatwork/attable(在工作/在吃飯)。beside,near只具有地點(diǎn)概念，無(wú)動(dòng)作含義，故應(yīng)排除。小結(jié)240～280275詞義搭配、結(jié)構(gòu)搭配和慣用搭配。本文與2021年考題要求相一致。完形填空解題技巧是：把握主題、抓住邏輯主線(xiàn)、瞻前顧后、各個(gè)擊破，最后統(tǒng)觀(guān)全文、查錯(cuò)補(bǔ)漏。預(yù)計(jì)2021年完形填空難度不會(huì)超過(guò)2021年試題難度。完形填空解題時(shí)間通常為15分鐘左右。千萬(wàn)不要超時(shí)，以免擠占后面各項(xiàng)的解題時(shí)間。第1頁(yè)：英語(yǔ)(一)模擬試題第9頁(yè)：參考答案及解析SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartA21.[A]Anassertionismadeandtwoexamplesare第32頁(yè)共42頁(yè)giventoillustrateit.[注釋]邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)題。本題問(wèn)：下面哪一表述最好地描述了本文第1段的邏輯構(gòu)思?第1段第1句寫(xiě)道：“學(xué)習(xí)的所有領(lǐng)域中，最重行為?！边@是作者提出的看法。接著作者舉了兩個(gè)例子來(lái)闡述這一看法?？梢?jiàn)，本段的邏輯構(gòu)思應(yīng)為[A]。22.[答案][B]teachersplayasignificantroleindevelopingorreshapingpupils'attitudes.[注釋]全文主旨題。本題問(wèn)：本文要傳遞的中心思想是什么?本文第12段第1句應(yīng)選[B]。23.[答案][B]insomeaspectsofsocialstudiesagreatervarietyofmethodscanbeusedintheuppergradesthaninthelowergrades.[注釋]6段中暗示了什么?參閱第6段。作者在此暗示，對(duì)低年級(jí)學(xué)生采用的方法比較簡(jiǎn)單、單一，而對(duì)高年級(jí)學(xué)生采用的方法則更多樣化，如討論、研究、課外閱讀和全天的旅行。24.[答案][D]theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedprimarilybythewaytheyweretreated第33頁(yè)共42頁(yè)asinfants.[注釋]細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)題。本題問(wèn)：本文中沒(méi)有提到或暗示的表述是什么?作者列出的4個(gè)選擇中前面3個(gè)直接或間接地在文章中提到了。第1段最后一句是講法西斯納粹主要是受他們聽(tīng)到的講演和讀過(guò)的段中作者談到教師講的各種課程對(duì)孩子“形成看法”的影響，即為[B]所指的內(nèi)容。第5段中作者提到itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingcajoling(哄騙)即為選項(xiàng)[C]中的rewards，而scolding即為選項(xiàng)[C]中的lectures(嚴(yán)責(zé)，以長(zhǎng)篇說(shuō)教訓(xùn)人)。可見(jiàn)，是否選[C]的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)lectures及，故答案非[D]莫屬。25.[C]teacherscansometimeshaveanunwholesomeinfluenceonchildren.[注釋]作者提到becauseherinfluencecanbenegativeifshehaspersonalprejudices...(教師如果存有個(gè)人偏見(jiàn)的話(huà)，會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生不良影響……)。可見(jiàn)，正確的選擇應(yīng)為[C]。[C]選項(xiàng)中的unwholesome意為“不良的，不健康的”。領(lǐng)，學(xué)會(huì)解題的方法。第34頁(yè)共42頁(yè)26.[答案][A]Topointuptheimportanceofthetradeunionpower.[注釋]邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)題。本題問(wèn)：第1段中為什么提到英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的相互依賴(lài)性?第1段最后1句和第2段第1句寫(xiě)道：“如果這些設(shè)施中任何一項(xiàng)(由于勞工糾紛)而停止運(yùn)行，那整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系就危在旦是強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)，不能選的原因是它只提及一點(diǎn)，偏離主題。[D]“展示一個(gè)集中的工業(yè)社會(huì)”，偏離段落內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系，故不能入選。27.[B]remoldthemselvesasindustrieschange.[注釋]細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。本題問(wèn)：由于組織結(jié)構(gòu)老化，有些工會(huì)會(huì)遇到什么困難?解這類(lèi)題要注意段落的主題句及其擴(kuò)展句的綜合歸納。第3段第1情緒，其中有些問(wèn)題是由于工會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)的、效率低下的組織結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的。”接著對(duì)此論點(diǎn)進(jìn)