初中英語一般疑問句否定句特別疑問句的改法

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一般疑問句、否定句、特別疑問句的改法(150308)

動(dòng)詞的分類

Be動(dòng)詞：is,am,are,was,were助動(dòng)詞：do,does,did,has,have,had動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can,must,may,should,等實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：run,eat,play,like,等等。

陳述句改為一般疑問句的改法：

一般疑問句：以be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞為句首，句末有問號(hào)（？）的句子。例如：Issheadoctor.她是一名醫(yī)生嗎？

Hasshegotanygrapes?她有些葡萄嗎？（這里的has是助動(dòng)詞，got（get的原形）是有的意思。

Canyoufly?你會(huì)飛嗎？

當(dāng)句子中的謂語只有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，沒有be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候，句子變一般疑問句時(shí)要加do、does、did（do、dose的過去式）其中之一。如：Thefoxlikesgrapes.句子的謂語沒有be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，只有l(wèi)ikes，like是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，因此，句首要加助動(dòng)詞；又由于thefox是第三人稱單數(shù)，句首的助動(dòng)詞就用does.句子的就變成Doesthefoxlikegrapes?注意原來likes中的s，要?jiǎng)h除。

一般疑問句主語和be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞倒裝。沒有這三類詞時(shí)要加助動(dòng)詞。如：

Sheisadoctor.Sheusuallygoestoschoolatseven.

Issheadoctor?Doessheusuallygotoschoolatseven?

記?。簩?shí)義動(dòng)詞始終在主語的后面。

注意：述句（句子后面只有句號(hào)的句子）給成一般疑問句時(shí)，一般狀況下，還要把第一人稱I、we、my、our改成you、your，把some變成any。如：

Ihavegotsomeapples.Iammakingmyaeroplane.變成：Haveyougotanyapples?Areyoumakingyouraeroplane?WearewatchingTV.變成：AreyouwatchingTV?

還要注意：假使has、have、had、do、does、did后面是名詞時(shí)，has、have就不是助動(dòng)詞了，他們是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。改一般疑問時(shí)不能提前（一般狀況下，所有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞都不能提到主語前面），要根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)加助動(dòng)詞do、does、did。如：Shehasbreakfasteveryday.

Doesshehavebreakfasteveryday?

練習(xí)，把以下的句子改成一般疑問句。

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1.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.

2.Thesecatsarecrying.

3.Theycanswim.

4.IliketoreadEnglish.

5.Igotoschoolonfoot.

6.HelikesEnglish.

7.Hisfathergoestoworkbybus.

8.Heiscryingunderthetree.

9.HisbirthdayisonthetwentiethofNovember.

10.Mrs.LiandKittyareinabigshop.

11.Kittyiswearinghernewuniform.

12.Theboyunderthetreeishungry.

13.Hegoestoschooleveryday.

14.Iwanttohaveamodelcar.

15.Shewantsacupofcoffee.

16.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.

17.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.

18.Ihavegotsomegrapes.

19.Tom’sgotabird.

20.KittyandTomhavegotadog.

21.Ihavebreakfast(早飯)everymorning.

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22.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool(放學(xué)).

否定句的改法

首先要認(rèn)清“否〞就是“不〞的意思，在英語中就是not或not的省略形式n’t。

否定句是在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not或not的縮略形式n’t。人稱不變化。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞不能直接加否定詞，須加助動(dòng)詞doesn’t（第三人稱單數(shù)）、don’t、didn’t。例如：IamEnglishteacher.改成：Iamnot（aren’t也可以）Englishteacher.Shehasgotsomeapples.改成：Shehasn’t（hasnot也可以）gotanyapples.

注意：一些否定詞hardly（幾乎不）few（很少可數(shù)）little（很少不可數(shù)）nothing（沒有）none（沒有人或物）等也是否定詞。含有此類否定詞的句子也是否定句。amnot的否定縮略形式是aren’t

如：Suyangoftenplaysfootball.可以改成：Suyangdoesn'tplayfootball(atall).Suyangseldomplaysfootball.Suyangneverplaysfootball.

Some改成否定句一般也要改成any。

練習(xí)，將以下句子改為否定句。1.HisfatherisanEnglishteacher.

2.Thesecatsarecrying.

3.Theycanswim.

4.IliketoreadEnglish.

5.Igotoschoolonfoot.

6.HelikesEnglish.

7.Mrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight.

8.Idomyhomeworkafterschool.

9.Ihavegotsomegrapes.

10.Tom’sgotabird.

11.Ihavebreakfast(早飯)everymorning.

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12.Theydotheirhomeworkafterschool(放學(xué)).

13.Kittyoftengoestothecinema（去看電影）.

特別疑問句的改法：以特別疑問詞開頭，對(duì)陳述句中的某一部分提出疑問/進(jìn)行發(fā)問,回復(fù)時(shí)針對(duì)問句中的代詞和副詞來回復(fù)，不用yes或no,的句子叫特別疑問句。特別疑問句是以特別疑問詞為句首，句末有問號(hào)的句子。

特別疑問詞包括what（什么）、when（什么時(shí)候）、who（誰）、which（哪個(gè)）、where（在哪里）和how（怎么）基本疑問詞（5w，1h），和多種由基本疑問詞變化的疑問詞。如由what變化的的whattime（時(shí)間點(diǎn)）、whatday（星期幾）、whatkind（什么種類）、whatcolor（什么顏色）、whatshape（什么形狀）、whatlength（什么長度）等。由who變化的whose（誰的）、whom（誰，賓格）。由which變化的whichbook（哪個(gè)蘋果）、whichpens（那支筆）等。由how變化的howlong（多長時(shí)間）、howsoon（多快，時(shí)間的快，多用在將來時(shí)態(tài)）、howoften（多久幾次）、howold（多大，年齡大?。owfar（多遠(yuǎn)，距離）、howmany/much（多少數(shù)量，many+復(fù)數(shù)，much+不可數(shù)）等。注意：特別疑問句和一般疑問句一樣，一般狀況下要有倒裝。如：Iamreading.

Whatareyoudoing?但假使對(duì)主語的提問，則主語謂語不倒裝。如：Kittylikesgrapes.Wholikesgrapes?

What是對(duì)名詞的提問。What’syournam?I’mTom.Whatareyoudoing?I’mreading.Whatdayistoday?ItisTuesday.Whatcoloristheball?Theballisred.Whatkindistheanimal（動(dòng)物）？Theanimalisafish.Whatshapeisthesweet?Thesweetissquare.Whatlengthisthestring?Thestringis3centimeters.

Who對(duì)誰或身份提問，以便進(jìn)一步搞清狀況。Whoisyourmother?Thewomaninredismymother.WhoistheboybesideMissFang?HeisKitty’sbrother.Whosepensarethese?TheyareBen’spen.Whom(who)doyoulike?Ilikemygrandfatherbest.

Which對(duì)選擇具體單位提問。

Whichdoyoulikebest?Iliketheredpen.Whichbookisyours.Theyellowbookismine.

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WhichpensisKitty’s.TheyellowpenisKitty’sHow對(duì)方式、程度、狀況等提問。Howareyou?I’mfine.HowwillyougotoShanghai?IwillgotoShanghaibytrain.HowlonghasyourfatherlivedinBeijing?HehaslivedinBeijngforthreeyears.Howsoonwillyourfathercomeback?Hewillcomebackinfiveminutes.Howoldisyourbrother?Mybrotherissixyearsold.Howfarisyourschool?Myschoolis3milesawayfrommyhome.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Thereare60studentsinourclass.Howmuchisthepineapple?Thepineappleis5yuan.練習(xí)，對(duì)劃線部分提問。一.劃線提問：

1.Wehavesixclassesinaday.2.Weplayhockeyonthefield.3.TheycanwatchTVathome.4.Weplaytheviolinafterschool.5.Therearethreegirlsintheroom.6.Icanbuyshoesinashop.7.Wecangototheparknextweek.8.Thewatchisseventy-twoyuan.9.Ilikesciencefieldtripverymuch.10.Theydoexercisesatten.11.Myfoothurts.

12.TheAnimalHospitalisoverthere.13.Icanmakeapaperplane.14.That’saduckinEnglish.

15.Thatisabike.

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17.SheisRose.18.Mypenisinthebag.19.Jimisateacher.20.WeiHuaismysister.21.Thebagisfourdollars.22.It’ssixo’clock.23.MybirthdayisNovember11th.24.Heistwelve.25.Thebikeisblack.26.He'sfine.27.HelikesLiPing.16.MynameisLiPing.29.Igotoschoolbybike.31Thepenisred.30.Sheispreparingforanexamnow.28.Hewilllivewithhisgrandmothernextweek.32Theboyinredismybrother.33ItisTuesday.34ItisSeptember21.35Theweatherwasfineyesterday.36Thepenistwodollars.37Sheisbeautiful.38.MissWangisourEnglishteacher.39I’minRow1.40.HeisNumber2.41.Twoplustwoisfour.42.It’saboutEnglishfood.43.Helikessummerbest.44.Thisbookismine.45.Thisismybook.46.Mybookisonthedesk.47.Theredcarismine.48.Twopensareonthedesk.49.Thereisalittlewaterinthecup.50.ThisisLiPing’sbook.51.Thebookisinthebag.52.Hewillbebackinanhour.53.Thereisabookinthebag.54.Heeatsanapple.55.Heiseatinganapple.56.Hewilleatanapple.答案：1.IshisfatheranEnglishteacher?

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2.Arethesecatscrying?3.Cantheyswim?

4.DoyouliketoreadEnglish?5.Doyougotoschoolonfoot?6.DoeshelikeEnglish?

7.Doeshisfathergotoworkbybus?8.Ishecryingunderthetree?

9.IshisbirthdayonthetwentiethofNovember?10.ArMrs.LiandKittyinabigshop?11.IsKittywearinghernewuniform?12.Istheboyunderthetreehungry?13.Doeshegotoschooleveryday?14.Doyouwanttohaveamodelcar?15.Doesshewantacupofcoffee?

16.DoMrs.LiandKittywatchtelevisionatnight?17.Doyoudoyourhomeworkafterschool?18.Haveyougotanygrapes?19.Hasyougotabird?

20.HaveKittyandTomgotadog?

21.Doyouhavebreakfasteverymorning?這里的have是吃的意思。

22.Dotheydotheirhomeworkafterschool?dotheirhomework中的do是做的意思。答案：

1.Hisfatherisn’tanEnglishteacher./isnot2.Thesecatsaren’tcrying./arenot3.Theycan’tswim./cannot/cannot4.Idon’tliketoreadEnglish./donot5.Idon’tgotoschoolonfoot./donot6.Hedoesn’tlikeEnglish./does