新編英語教程第三件

新編英語教程第三件第1頁/共203頁MovieClipQuotesLeanin-main第2頁/共203頁MovieClipMovieClipWatchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.Questions:Shedoesn’tallowthemtousecellphonesinclass.Inherwords,shehaszerotoleranceforcellphonesinclass.1.WhatattitudedoesMissDarbusholdtowardsstudents’useofcellphonesinherclass?第3頁/共203頁Script3Shewillseethemindetention.2.HowdoesMissDarbuspunishthestudentsusingcellphonesinclass?第4頁/共203頁Script3Fromtheperspectiveofastudent,doyouthinkteachersshouldallowstudentstousemobilephonesinclass?Whyorwhynot?Haveadiscussionwithyourpartner.Discussion:第5頁/共203頁MovieClipvideoScript第6頁/共203頁-MissDarbus?-Doyourememberthenightbefore?-No,notatall.AllIrememberislike,pinkjelly,I...-Excuseme.-Ooh!-Hi,Troy.-Hi.-Itrustyouallhadsplendidholidays.Checkthesign-upsheetsinthelobbyfornewactivities,Mr.Bolton,especiallyourwintermusicale.Wewillhavesinglesauditionsforoursupportingroles…Script1第7頁/共203頁-YouOK?-Yeah.-...andpairsauditionsforourtwoleads.-Pfft.-Mr.Danforth,thisisaplaceoflearning,notahockeyarena.Thereisalsoafinalsign-upfornextweek’sscholasticdecathloncompetition.ChemClubpresidentTaylorMcHesseycananswerallofyourquestionsaboutthat.Ah,thecellphonemenacehasreturnedtoourcrucibleoflearning.-Isityourphone?Script2第8頁/共203頁-SharpayandRyan,cellphones,Iwillseeyouindetention.-Ahh!-Wehavezerotoleranceforcellphonesinclass,sowewillgettoknoweachotherindetention.Cellphone.AndwelcometoEastHigh,MissMontez.Mr.Bolton,Iseeyourphoneisinvolved,Sowewillseeyouindetentionaswell.-That’snotapossibility,MissDarbus,YourHonor,see,becausewehavebasketballpractice,andTroy...-Ah,thatwillbe15minutesforyoutoo,Mr.,Danforth,Countthem.Script2第9頁/共203頁-CouldbetoughforChad.Hecan’tcountthathigh,-TaylorMcHessey,15minutes.Shallthecarnagecontinue?Holidaysareover,people,wayover!Now,anymorecomments,questions?-Jason.-Sohowwereyourholidays,MissDarbus?-What?Script2(FromthemovieHighSchoolMusical)第10頁/共203頁QuotesInspirationalQuoteReadthefollowingquotesandtellyourclassmateswhichoneisyourfavorite.Stateyourreasons.Thetelephoneisthegreatestsingleenemyofscholarship,forwhatourintellectualforebearsusedtoinscribeininknowgoesonceoverawireintopermanentoblivion.—Stephen

JayGould第11頁/共203頁InspirationalQuoteThereissomethingaboutsaying“Ok”andhangingupthereceiverwithabangthatkidsamanintofeelingthathehasjustpulledoffabigdeal,evenifhehasonlycalledthetelephonecompanytofindoutthecorrecttime.—RobertBenchleyMiddleageiswhenyou’resittingathomeonaSaturdaynightandthetelephoneringsandyouhopeitisn’tforyou.—Ogden

Nash第12頁/共203頁Script3Utilityiswhenyouhaveonetelephone,luxuryiswhenyouhavetwo,opulenceiswhenyouhavethree—andparadiseiswhenyouhavenone.—DougLarsonThetelephoneisagoodwaytotalktopeoplewithouthavingtoofferthemadrink.—FranLebowitzTechnologyisaqueerthing.Itbringsyougreatgiftswithonehand,anditstabsyouinthebackwiththeother.—CarrieP.Snow第13頁/共203頁Script3Ithinkthetechnologyhasallowedustodoamuchbetterjobofdefiningwherethehazardsare,wherethestrongshakingmaybe,wherethebadgroundis.—DavidSchwartzTherearenomoralsabouttechnologyatall.Technologyexpandsourwaysofthinkingaboutthings,expandsourwaysofdoingthings.Ifwe’rebadpeopleweusetechnologyforbadpurposesandifwe’regoodpeopleweuseitforgoodpurposes.—HerbertSimon第14頁/共203頁SpeakingPracticeLanguageStructurePractice-mainNotesListening第15頁/共203頁1.Motorola—(美國摩托羅拉公司)amultinationaltelecommunicationscompanybasedinIllinois,US.Itwassplitintotwoindependentpubliccompanies,MotorolaMobilityandMotorolaSolutionsonJanuary4,2011.2.ArrayCommInc.—(美國愛瑞通信公司)aprivately-heldUScompanyincorporatedinApril1992andco-foundedbywirelessindustrypioneerMartinCooper.ItisaworldleaderinMulti-AntennaSignalprocessing.LanguageStructuresNotes第16頁/共203頁LSPI3.incarnation—(inChristianity)theactofGodbecomingamaninJesus.Thewordcanalsobeusedasacommonnountomeanthatsomethingunrealorimaginaryprominentlydisplaysaparticularqualityorform.4.subscriber—personwhoagreestobuy(anewspaper,aperiodical,etc.)regularlyoveraperiodoftimeorpersonwhorentsatelephone.Pleaseguesswhatthiswordmeansinthelisteningpassage.第17頁/共203頁LSPI5.adaptiveantenna—(自適應天線)atypeofsmartantenna.Itis“smart”becauseitimprovesonthetraditionalantennabyadjustingfortrafficpatternsatagiventimetoincreasesignalstrengthandquality.6.address—directone’sattentionto(aproblem)ortacklesth.7.unleashed—unlimitedorunrestricted第18頁/共203頁Itcausedafundamentaltechnologyandcommunicationsmarketshifttowardthepersonandawayfromtheplace.ListeningListentotherecordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhatisthesignificanceofthefirstcallplacedbyMartinCoopertohisrival?Script第19頁/共203頁TheportablecellphonemadeitspublicdemonstrationonApril3,1973.ThenCooperspenttenyearsinbringingittomarket.PreparatoryQuestionsPeopledemandthefreedomtocommunicatewherevertheyare,unrestrictedbytheinfamouscooperwire.2.AccordingtoCooper,whatkindoffreedomdopeopledemandintalkingtootherpeople?3.Howhastheportablecellphonedevelopedtotoday’smobilephones?第20頁/共203頁PreparatoryQuestions4.Canyouexplainthefollowingsentenceinyourownwords?

“ThistechnologyaddresseswhatCoopercalls‘theunfulfilledpromise’ofcellular,whichshouldbe,butstillisn’tasreliableoraffordableaswiredtelephony.”Thetechnologyhassolvedcellular’slong-existingproblem,inCooper’swords,theunkeptpromisethatcellularshouldbeastrustworthyandcheapaswiredtelephony.第21頁/共203頁PreparatoryQuestionsItincreasesthecapacityandcoverageofanycellularsystem,significantlylowerscostsandmakesspeechmorereliable.5.WhathastheadaptiveantennatechnologycontributedtotheInternetusers?第22頁/共203頁MartinCooperandtheCellPhoneApril3,2003markedthe30thanniversaryofthefirstpublictelephonecallplacedonaportablecellularphone.MartinCooperplacedthatcallasgeneralmanagerofMotorola’sCommunicationsSystemsDivision.Itwastheincarnationofhisvisionforpersonalwirelesscommunications,distinctfromcellularcarphones.Thatfirstcallcausedafundamentaltechnologyandcommunicationsmarketshifttowardthepersonandawayfromtheplace.MartinCooperexplainedhisthinkingandsaid,“Peoplewanttotalktootherpeople—notahouse,oranoffice,oracar.Givenachoice,peoplewilldemandthefreedomtocommunicatewherevertheyare,unrestrictedbytheinfamouscopperwire.Itisthatfreedom第23頁/共203頁PreparatoryQuestionswesoughttovividlydemonstratein1973.AsIwalkeddownthestreetwhiletalkingonthephone,sophisticatedNewYorkersgapedatthesightofsomeoneactuallymovingaroundwhilemakingaphonecall.Rememberthatin1973,thereweren’tcordlesstelephones,letalonecellularphones.Imadenumerouscalls,includingonewhereIcrossedthestreetwhiletalkingtoaNewYorkradioreporter—probablyoneofthemoredangerousthingsIhaveeverdoneinmylife.”FollowingtheApril3,1973publicdemonstration,usinga“brick”-like30-ouncephone,Cooperstartedthe10-yearprocessofbringingtheportablecellphonetomarket.Motorolaintroducedthe16-ouncephoneintocommercialservicein1983,witheachphone第24頁/共203頁costingtheconsumer$3,500.IttooksevenadditionalyearsbeforetherewereamillionsubscribersintheUnitedStates.Today,therearemorecellularsubscribersthanwire-linephonesubscribersintheworld,withmobilephonesweighingaslittleas3ounces.MartinCooper’sroleinconceivinganddevelopingthefirstportablecellularphonedirectlyimpactedhischoicetofoundandleadArrayComm,awirelesstechnologyandsystemscompanyfoundedin1992.ArrayComm’scoreadaptiveantennatechnologyincreasesthecapacityandcoverageofanycellularsystem,whilesignificantlyloweringcostsandmakingspeechmorereliable.ThistechnologyaddresseswhatCoopercalls“theunfulfilledpromise”ofcellular,whichshouldbe,butstillisn’tasreliableoraffordableaswiredtelephony.PreparatoryQuestions第25頁/共203頁PreparatoryQuestionsArrayCommhasalsousedthistechnologytomaketheInternet“personal”bycreatingapersonalbroadbandsystem,whichdelivershigh-speed,mobileInternetaccessthatconsumerscanafford.MartinCooperhadthistosayonthechangestakingplace:“It’sveryexcitingtobepartofamovementtowardmakingbroadbandavailabletopeoplewiththesamefreedomtobeanywherethattheyhaveforvoicecommunicationstoday.PeoplerelyheavilyontheInternetfortheirwork,entertainmentandcommunication,buttheyneedtobeunleashed.”第26頁/共203頁LSPISpeakingPractice1.Giveanoralpresentationonthesummaryofthemainpointsofthelisteningpassage.ForyourreferenceThekeypoints:-MartinCooperandthefirstpublictelephonecallplacedonaportablecellularphone-MartinCooperexplaininghisthinking第27頁/共203頁LSPIForyourreference-thedevelopmentoftheportablecellphonetotoday’smobilephones-MartinCooperandArrayComm’scoreadaptiveantennatechnology-ArrayCommmakingtheInternet“personal”andMartinCooper’scomment第28頁/共203頁LSPI2.Discussandcommentontheeffectivenessofeachother’soralpresentation.3.Workinpairsandtaketurnstoaskandgiveanswersaboutthefollowingtopics:a.Howimportantaremobilephonestoourlife?b.Whatarethebadthingsabouthavingamobilephone?c.WhatdoyouthinkofmobileInternet?第29頁/共203頁CommentsontheTextExercisesDialogue-mainTextIPre-ReadingQuestionsGeneralReadingBackgroundNotesText第30頁/共203頁Dialogue-mainTextIITextComprehension第31頁/共203頁Questionsonspecificdetails1Pre-ReadingQuestionsThinkaboutthefollowingquestionsbeforeyoureadthetext.Yes,itdoes.Asarule,anytimethetelephonerings,weanswerit.1.Doesthetitleofthetextstrikeyouasunusual?Wouldyoubeinclinednottoansweratelephonecallatanytime?第32頁/共203頁Yes.Thetitlesuggeststhatthewriterisexpressinghisopinionaboutnotansweringthetelephone.Someofhisopinionsmaybesharedbyothersbutsomeofhisopinionsmaynot.Sothispassagemaywellbeanargument.Titlesbeginningwiththeprepositiononareusuallytitlesofargumentativewriting,e.g.,OnSmoking,OnGambling,OnHygiene.Questionsonspecificdetails12.Doesthetitletellyouwhatkindofwritingthepassageis,anarrativeoranargument?第33頁/共203頁Perhapsitisthewriter’sintentiontotellusthatsomepeople,includinghimself,arejustifiedinnotansweringthetelephonebypresentingsomeofhisreasons.Questionsonspecificdetails13.Whatdoyouthinkisthewriter’sintentioninwritingthisarticle?Ishecommentingonsomepeople’sunwillingnesstoanswerthetelephoneorishehimselfgivingsomereasonsfornotansweringthetelephone?第34頁/共203頁Questionsonspecificdetails14.Canyouimaginesomeofthethingsthewritermightmentioninhisarticle?Thisisanopenquestion.Youmaydiscussthequestionwithyourclassmates.第35頁/共203頁Questionsonspecificdetails1GeneralReadingGooverthetextrapidlyonceandthendecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsumsupthecontent._________1.Itisnotnecessarytohaveatelephonebecauseillnewstravelsjustasfastasgoodnews.2.Thewriterstateshisreasonsfornothavingatelephone.3.Thewriterdoesnotlikethetelephoneatall.√第36頁/共203頁Questionsonspecificdetails1BackgroundNotespublictelephoneboxApublictelephoneboxisasmallstructurefurnishedwithapayphone.Todaypublictelephoneboxesbecomefewerandfewerlargelyduetotheincreasedusageofmobilephones.第37頁/共203頁Questionsonspecificdetails12.theBible第38頁/共203頁TheBibleistheaccountofGod’sactionintheworldandhispurposewithallcreation.ThewritingoftheBibletookplaceoversixteencenturiesandistheworkofoverfortyhumanauthors.Itisaquiteamazingcollectionof66bookswithverydifferentstyles.Thiscompilationofbookletscontainsanastonishingvarietyofliterarystyles.Itprovidesmanystoriesaboutthelivesofgoodandbadpeople,aboutbattlesandjourneys,aboutthelifeofJesusalongwithletterswrittentogroupsofChristiansthatmetinhomes.Questionsonspecificdetails1第39頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text1OnNotAnsweringtheTelephoneIf,attheendofaconversationsomebodysaystome,“AssoonasIknow,I’llringyouup”,heistakingtoomuchforgranted.Heisproposingtoattempttheimpossible.SoIhavetosay,“I’mafraidyoucan’t.Yousee,I’mnotonthetelephone.Ijusthaven’tgotatelephone.”第40頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text2

Whydon’tIhaveatelephone?NotbecauseIpretendtobewiseorposeasunusual.Therearetwochiefreasons:becauseIdon’treallylikethetelephoneandbecauseIfindIcanstillworkandplay,eat,breatheandsleepwithoutit.Whydon’tIlikethetelephone?BecauseIthinkitisapestandatime-waster.Itmaycreateunnecessarysuspenseandanxiety,aswhenyouwaitforanexpectedcallthatdoesn’tcome;orirritatingdelay,aswhenyoukeepringinganumberthatisalwaysengaged.第41頁/共203頁Asforspeakinginapublictelephonebox,thatseemstomereallyhorrible.Youwouldnotuseitunlessyouwereinahurry,andbecauseyouareinahurryyouwillfindotherpeoplewaitingbeforeyou.Whenyoudogetintothebox,youarehalfasphyxiatedbystale,unventilatedair,flavouredwithcheapface-powderandchain-smoking;andbythetimeyouhavebegunyourconversationyourbackischilledbythecoldlooksofsomebodywhoisfidgetingtotakeyourplace.Dialogue-Text3第42頁/共203頁Ifyouhaveatelephoneinyourownhouse,youwilladmitthatittendstoringwhenyouleastwantittoring;whenyouareasleep,orinthemiddleofamealoraconversation,orwhenyouarejustgoingout,orwhenyouareinyourbath.Areyoustrong-mindedenoughtoignoreit,tosaytoyourself,“Ah,well,itwillallbethesameinahundredyears’time”?Youarenot.Youthinktheremaybesomeimportantnewsormessageforyou.Haveyouneverrusheddrippingfromthebath,orchewingfromthetable,ordazedfromthebed,onlytobetoldthatyouareawrongnumber?Dialogue-Text4第43頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text5Supposeyouignorethetelephonewhenitrings,andsupposethat,foronce,somebodyhasanimportantmessageforyou.Icanassureyouthatifamessageisreallyimportantitwillreachyousoonerorlater.Thinkoftheproverb:“Illnewstravelsapace.”Imustsaygoodnewsseemstotraveljustasfast.Andthinkofthesaying:“Thetruthwillout.”Itwill.第44頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text6Perhaps,whenyoutakeoffthereceiver,yougiveyournumberoryourname.Butyoudon’tevenknowwhomyouaregivingitto!Perhapsyouhavebeenindiscreetenoughtohaveyournameandnumberprintedinthetelephonedirectory,abookwithalargecirculation,asuccessfulbooksooftenreprintedastomakeanyauthorenvious,

abookmoreinevidencethanShakespeareortheBible,andfoundinallsortsofprivateandpublicplaces.第45頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text7Itservesyouright

ifyoufinditimpossibletoescapefromsomeidleorinquisitivechatterbox,orfromsomebodywhowantssomethingfornothing,orfromsomereporterbentonquestioningyouaboutyourownaffairsorabouttheprivatelifeofsomefriendwhohasjustelopedormetwithafatalaccident.第46頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text8But,youwillsay,youneednothaveyournameprintedinthetelephonedirectory,andyoucanhaveatelephonewhichisonlyusableforoutgoingcalls.Besides,youwillsay,isn’titimportanttohaveatelephoneincaseofsuddenemergency—illness,accidentorfire?Ofcourse,youareright,buthereinathicklypopulatedcountrylikeEnglandoneisseldomfarfromatelephoneincaseofdreadfulnecessity.第47頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text8

Isthereanyconclusiontobedrawnfrommyobstinacyandwilfulness,myescapism,ifyouliketocallitthat?IthinkperhapsIhadbettertrytojustifymyselfbytryingtoprovethatwhatIlikeisgood.AtleastIhaveprovedtomyselfthatwhatmanypeoplethinknecessaryisnotnecessaryatall.Iadmitthatindifferentcircumstances—ifIwereatycoon,forinstance,orbed-ridden,Imightfindatelephoneessential.ButthenifIwereasecretaryortaxi-driverIshouldfindatypewriteroracaressential.第48頁/共203頁Dialogue-Text9Letmeputitanotherway:therearetwothingsforwhichtheEnglishseemtoshowparticularaptitude:oneismechanicalinvention,theotherisliterature.MyownbusinesshappenstobewiththeuseofwordsbutIseeImustnowstopusingthem.Ihavejustbeenhandedaslipofpapertosaythatsomebodyiswaitingtospeaktomeonthetelephone.IthinkIhadbetteranswerit.Afterall,oneneverknows,itmaybesomethingimportant.ByWilliamPlomer(abridged)第49頁/共203頁ringsb.upringsb.up:callsomeoneonthetelephonee.g.:IwillringherupwhenIreachhomeafterthelongjourney.Whenisthebesttimetoringyouup?第50頁/共203頁takesth.forgrantedtakesth.forgranted:expectsomethingtobeavailableallthetimeandforgetthatitisluckytohaveite.g.:Todayyoungpeopletakesomanythingsforgrantedinthiscountry—likehavinghotwaterwhenevertheyneedit.Wetakeitforgrantedthatourchildrenwillbebetteroffthanweare.第51頁/共203頁proposepropose:

v.suggestsomethingasaplanorcourseofactione.g.:Thegovernmentisabouttoproposesomechangestosomeinstitutionssoon.Itwasaharddecisionforthepresidenttoproposethepackagesolution.第52頁/共203頁attemptattempt:

v.trytodosomething,especiallysomethingdifficulte.g.:Inthisarticletheauthorattemptstoexplainwhatleduptothewar.TheonlytimethattheyattemptedtodosomethinglikethatwasinthecityofNewYork.第53頁/共203頁posepose:v.behaveinaninsincereorexaggeratedwaytomakeaparticularimpressiononotherpeoplee.g.:Hecriticizedthemfordressingoutrageouslyandposingpretentiously.Shelovestoposewhenmenarearound.第54頁/共203頁pestpest:

n.anannoyingthingorpersone.g.:Tellthatboytostayawayfromhere.Heissuchapest.Thatchildisanabsolutepest.Hekeepsringingthedoorbellandthenrunningaway.第55頁/共203頁e.g.:Comeonthen,tellmewhathappened;thesuspenseiskillingme.Thepatient’sparentswaitedingreatsuspenseforthedoctor’sopinion.suspensesuspense:

n.afeelingorstateofexcitementoranxietyaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappenverysoon第56頁/共203頁irritatingirritating:

a.annoyinge.g.:ShetoldmethatTomwasthemostirritatingmanshehadevermet.Students’habitualtardinessisirritatingtotheirteachers.第57頁/共203頁engagedengaged:

a.(atelephoneoratelephoneline)alreadybeingusedbysomeoneelsesothatthepersononeisphoningcannotbereachede.g.:Itriedtocallyoubackbutyouwereengaged.Thenumberisengagedatthemoment.Tryagaininfiveminutes.第58頁/共203頁horriblehorrible:

a.veryunpleasantandoftenfrightening,worrying,orupsettinge.g.:Ihaveahorriblefeelingthatwe’regoingtomisstheplane.Augustissohorriblethatevendedicatedpsychiatristsabandonpostsandpatientsfortheentiremonth.第59頁/共203頁asphyxiateasphyxiate:

v.preventsomeonefrombreathingnormally,usuallysothattheydiee.g.:Itwasreportedthatanoldmandiedinhisbath,asphyxiatedbythefumesfromagaswater-heater.Unfortunately,allthepeopleworkinginthecoalminewereasphyxiatedbythebadgas.第60頁/共203頁stalestale:

a.(air)notfreshorpleasant,(food)nolongerfreshorgoodtoeate.g.:Ididthistoremovethehorriblestalecigarettesmellfromourcar—the

previousownerssmokedheavilyinit.Theownerofthebakeryhadtoemptysacksofstaleryebreadintothevat.第61頁/共203頁unventilatedunventilated:

a.nofreshairgettinginto(aroomorbuilding)e.g.:Thatexplosionwassetoffbyanaccumulationofgasinanunventilatedtunnel.Sheaskedmetowearprotectiveglovesandneverusecleaningproductsinanunventilatedarea.第62頁/共203頁chillchill:

v.makesb.feelverycold;suddenlyfrightensomeone,especiallybyseemingverycruelorviolente.g.:SoonafterIsatonthemarbleseatinthewintrygarden,itwasbeginningtochillme.Theangerinhisfacechilledher.第63頁/共203頁fidgetfidget:

v.keepmovingone’shandsorfeet,especiallybecauseheorsheisboredornervouse.g.:Onemythpeoplebelieveisthatwefidgetmorewhenwelie.Actually,theoppositeistrue.Peopledon’tactuallyfidgetorlookawaywhenthey’relying.第64頁/共203頁strong-mindedstrong-minded:a.noteasilyinfluencedbyotherpeopletochangewhatyoubelieveorwant[=determined]e.g.:Heissostrong-mindedthatnothingcanbringhimtohisknees.Thestrong-mindedrarelyfollowthecrowd.第65頁/共203頁dazeddazed:

a.unabletothinkclearly,especiallybecauseofashock,accident,etc.e.g.:AttheendofthelonginterviewIwasdazedandexhausted.Thefrightenedgirllookeddazedandremainedspeechlessfortherestoftheday.第66頁/共203頁apaceapace:

ad.happeningquicklye.g.:Thebusinesshasbeengrowingapaceforthelastyear.Ifredthesunbeginshisrace,expectthatrainwillflowapace.第67頁/共203頁indiscreetindiscreet:

a.carelessaboutwhatonesaysordoes,especiallybytalkingaboutthingswhichshouldbekeptsecrete.g.:Makinganexceptionallyhighprofitissometimesindiscreetandaskingfortrouble.Oneindiscreetremarkatthewrongmomentcouldruinthewholeplan.第68頁/共203頁inquisitiveinquisitive:

a.askingtoomanyquestionsandtryingtofindouttoomanydetailsaboutsomethingorsomeone;interestedinalotofdifferentthingsandwantingtofindoutmoreabouttheme.g.:Excuseme,Idonotwanttoseeminquisitive,butwhatexactlyareyoudoing?Westillhavealottolearnaboutlife,medicine,andhealingbutweneedtoapproachthesethingswithanopen,inquisitivemind.第69頁/共203頁chatterboxchatterbox:

n.someone,especiallyachild,whotalkstoomuche.g.:Myauntisachatterboxwhonevershutsup.IrememberwhenIwasstudyingincollege,allmyprofessorsactedlikechatterboxesrepeatingzerotoleranceforplagiarisminanywritingassignmentsandacademicpapersinanycourse.第70頁/共203頁fatalfatal:a.resultinginsomeone’sdeathe.g.:Thistypeofallergycanveryoccasionallybefatal.Nervousnessoranxietyisinmostcasesafatalkillerofsuccess.第71頁/共203頁obstinacyobstinacy:

n.resoluteadherencetoone’sownideasordesirese.g.:Iresistedtheirproposalwithobstinacy.Sheerobstinacypreventedhimfromapologizing.第72頁/共203頁willfulnesswillfulness:

n.thetraitofbeingpronetodisobedienceandlackofdisciplinee.g.:Irefusetostandbyandseethecompanyallowedtorunagroundbecauseofoneperson’swillfulness.Formostparents,occasionalwillfulnessistolerable,butcontinualwillfulnesscancreateaproblemasitquicklygathersshapingpowerofitsown.第73頁/共203頁escapismescapism:

n.aninclinationtoretreatfromunpleasantrealitiesthroughdiversionorfantasye.g.:Suicideisregardedastheultimateactofescapismbysomepeople.Bookswereaformofescapismfromtherealworld.第74頁/共203頁justifyjustify:

v.showorprovethatsomethingisreasonableornecessarye.g.:Idon’thavetojustifymyselftoyouoranyoneelse.Manyreasonshavebeenputforwardtojustifytheimpositionofcensorship.第75頁/共203頁aptitudeaptitude:

n.naturalabilityorskill,especiallyinlearninge.g.:Inlanguagelearningitisattitude,notaptitude,thatdeterminessuccess.Hehasdemonstratedagreataptitudeforcarpentryskills.第76頁/共203頁slipslip:

n.asmallornarrowpieceofpapere.g.:Theoddthingis,whentheposterarrived,therewasaslipofpapertellingmetherewasnoreceiptincluded.Myfriendwrotedownhisaddressandtelephonenumberonaslipofpaper.第77頁/共203頁Whydon’tIhaveatelephoneWhydon’tIhaveatelephone?NotbecauseIpretendtobewiseorposeasunusual.Hereisanordinaryquestionfollowedbythewriter’sownanswersandexplanations.Theordinaryquestionandanswerisarhetoricaldevicetobeginaparagraphortoorganizesmallunitsofanessay.Thesecondquestioninthesameparagraph“Whydon’tIlikethetelephone?”leadstofurtherexplanationsonthepartofthewriter.第78頁/共203頁IllnewstravelsapaceIllnewstravelsapace.Wemayalsosay:Badnewshaswings.Badnewstravelsquickly.Illnewsfliesfast.第79頁/共203頁ThetruthwilloutThetruthwillout.Thetruthwillbecomepubliclyknown.Thisisaproverb,andouthereisanintransitiveverb.第80頁/共203頁whenyoutakewhenyoutakeoffthereceiver,yougiveyournumberoryournameInsomecountries,thereceiverofatelephonecallliftsthereceiverandgiveshisownnumberornametotheonewhomakesthecall.ThisisnotoftendoneinChina.第81頁/共203頁asuccessfulbookasuccessfulbooksooftenreprintedastomakeanyauthorenviousasuccessfulbookwhichissooftenreprintedthatitcanmake