趣味定語從句詳解(奔跑吧兄弟)

在英語的江湖中，有這么一群詞的存在，他們神通廣大，既能指代前文出現(xiàn)的名詞或代詞，又能在從句中充當一定成分，并起到連詞的作用，若非用于正事，必將江湖大亂?。∷麄兊降资钦l呢？第一頁，共72頁。大人，必須將此黨拿下，嚴刑拷打，歸我等所用！靠譜！第二頁，共72頁。whowhichthatwhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy9人已全數(shù)歸案第三頁，共72頁。劇終！欲知后事如何，敬請下回分析...第四頁，共72頁。定語從句第五頁，共72頁。定義●被定語從句所修飾的詞叫“先行詞”，用來修飾先行詞的詞叫“關系詞”●E.g.ThisisthebookthatIwant.●在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句,定語從句有時也可以修飾一個句子。第六頁，共72頁。定語從句的關系詞關系代詞關系副詞指人指物who(主語、賓語)，whom(賓語)，that(主語、賓語),whose(定語)that(主語、賓語),which(主語、賓語)whose(定語)=ofwhichas(主語、賓語)where(地點狀語)when(時間狀語)why(原因狀語)關系詞牢記這些詞的功能：指代先行詞在從句中充當成分起連詞的作用！第七頁，共72頁。連連看★Herearethebooks.Youarelookingforthem.___________________________________________________________★Haveyouseenthechildren?Theyareplayingfootball.___________________________________________________________Herearethebookswhich/thatyouarelookingfor.Haveyouseenthechildrenwho/thatareplayingfootball?第八頁，共72頁?！颰hisisthehero.Weareproudofhim.___________________________________________________________★Canyoushowmethenovel.Itscoverisred.___________________________________________________________Thisistheherowho/whom/thatweareproudof.Canyoushowmethenovelwhosecoverisred.第九頁，共72頁。分類定語從句限制性定語從句：先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意義就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句的關系十分密切，寫時不可用逗號分開。非限制性定語從句：從句與主句的關系不十分密切，只是對先行詞作些附加的說明，如果去掉，主句的意義仍然很清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開，一般不用that定語從句的分類無逗號，可用that有逗號，不可用that第十頁，共72頁。TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.(2)China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.(3)Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.(4)Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.判斷下列句子限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句限制性定語從句第十一頁，共72頁。1.還原2.補缺3.看成分定語從句三步法第十二頁，共72頁。三步法

1.(1)Thisisthehouse__________________theteacherwantedtobuy.(2)Thisisthehouse___________________afirebrokeoutlastyear.解.:(1)先將先行詞thehouse還原到從句中Theteacherwantedtobuythehouse.句子完整,thehouse作buy的賓語,故填which或that,或省略.which/that//where/inwhich(2)Thehouse還原到從句中Afirebrokeoutthehouselastyear.句子有誤,brokeout是個不及物動詞短語,故補缺加上in,句子才完整.而inthehouse在從句中作地點狀語,故填關系副詞where或inwhich.第十三頁，共72頁。

2.(1)Wewillneverforgetthedays___________________wespentinthefactory.

(2)wewillneverforgetthedays____________________weworkedinthefactory.which/that//when/duringwhich

下次可千萬別一看到地點名詞就填where;時間名詞就填when哦!技巧是:看從句缺什么成分.(缺主語或賓語填關系代詞,缺狀語則填關系副詞)第十四頁，共72頁。which;who;that;whom;whose;as

where;when;whywhichthataswhowhomwhosewherewhenwhy指代“事、物”在從句中作主語或賓語指代“人”，在從句中作主語或賓語指代“人”，在從句中作賓語指代先行詞，在從句中作定語指代先行詞，在從句中作狀語第十五頁，共72頁。Canyoumakesentencesbyyourself?

奔跑吧！定語從句第十六頁，共72頁。Angelababy，中文名楊穎，1989年2月28日出生于上海.Angelababy,whoseChinesenameisYangYin,wasborninShanghaionFebruary28th1989._________________________________________第十七頁，共72頁。Baby正在敲打那些從洞里伸出來的人。Babyishittingthepeople_________________________________________________

whostickoutfromtheholes.第十八頁，共72頁。李晨正在努力地吃一顆糖，糖用繩子綁著。LiChenistryingtoeatacandy____________________________________.whichwastiedwithastring第十九頁，共72頁。李晨正在拉一輛木車，車上有5個人。LiChenisdraggingawoodenvehicle_____________________________________.onwhichtherearefivepeople第二十頁，共72頁。帽子是紅色的那個女人是Baby,鄧超和鹿晗在她旁邊跳舞。TheladywhosehatisredisBaby,besidewhomDengchaoandLuhanaredancing.第二十一頁，共72頁。一群人在一座房子前面擺pose,房子的顏色是棕色的。Agroupofpeopleareposinginfrontofahousewhosecolorisbrown.第二十二頁，共72頁。定語從句考點與難點歸納第二十三頁，共72頁。1.that與which,who2.對theway的考查3.介詞+關系詞考點難點4.as的使用5.對where的考查6.綜合考查第二十四頁，共72頁。1.先行詞被最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時；2.先行詞是不定代詞；或被every/all/few等數(shù)量形容詞修飾時；3.當先行詞既有人又有物時；4.先行詞是oneof···、theone;或被theonly/theright/thevery修飾時；5.當主句已有which和who時；【一】只用that,

不用which的情況：第二十五頁，共72頁。用何關系詞？Runningmanisthebestshow________Ihaveeverwatched.Thefirstcity__________theywenttowasHangzhou.Thisisthethirdseason________theyhavetakenpartin.thatthatthat1.當先行詞被最高級或者序數(shù)詞修飾時，指物用that,不用which。第二十六頁，共72頁。DenChaowillshowyousomething_________youneversawbefore.Theyshouldbegratefulforeverthing________theyhaveachieved.Thereismuch______interestsmeinthisshow.WangZulanhandedoutallthekeys________hehadfound.Hehaslittleexperience________canbeappliedtothisjob.thatthatthatthatthat2.當先行詞是something/nothing/few/little等不定代詞;

或被few/all/little/much等數(shù)量形容詞修飾時，指物，用that,不用which。第二十七頁，共72頁。Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings__________hesawinthepassage.Hecanclearlyrememberthepersonandthings_________henoticedduringthegame.thatthat3.當先行詞既包括物又包括人時，用that。第二十八頁，共72頁。Runningmanisoneoftheprograms________Iamfondof.Isthistheone__________youarelookingfor?TheSafeRoomwastheonlyplace__________theywouldgoto.Thisistheright/veryenvelope________theyhavebeenlookingforforalongtime..thatthatthatthat4.當先行詞是oneof···；theone;或被theonly/right/very(正好；恰好)等修飾時，指物，用that,不用which。第二十九頁，共72頁。Whoistheman________iswalkingtothem?Whichisthekey________ismatchedtothelock?thatthat5.當疑問句里已有Who或Which時，關系代詞用that,避免重復。第三十頁，共72頁。1.在非限制性定語從句中ChenHeandEllaturnedouttobetheadoptedchildren,which

astonishedalltheotherplayers.【二】只用which,不用that的情況：2.在“介詞+關系詞”引導的定語從句中Theylookedcarefullyatthemirrorfromwhich

theycouldobtainsomeinformation.Theymustpayattentiontotheinformation

withwhichtheycouldfindouttheadoptedchildren.第三十一頁，共72頁?！救肯刃性~指人，只用who,

不用that的情況：1.當先行詞是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代詞時，關系代詞只用who2.在therebe句型中3.在非限制性定語從句中4.介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，只用whom。第三十二頁，共72頁。1.當先行詞是everyone/all/those/nobody等不定代詞時，關系代詞只用whoThosewhowanttogetoutoftheroommustworkoutthesum(算術(shù)題)onthepaper.Anyonewhogaveawronganswerwouldbepunished.Thisgameissuitableforsomeonewhohasstrongpower.第三十三頁，共72頁。2.在therebe句型中。Therewerethreemeninblackwhowouldteartheirnametags(名牌)duringthegame.Therewasapersonwhohadbeensecretlyappointedasaspy.第三十四頁，共72頁。4.“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，只用whom。HuangXiaomingistheluckymanwithwhomBabygotmarried.3.在非限制性定語從句中LiChenisacharmingman,whoappealstomanyfans.第三十五頁，共72頁。1.Theway____________________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_______________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺賓語考點2：theway用做先行詞缺狀語填上合適的關系詞并分析原因：第三十六頁，共72頁。做題技巧?theway做先行詞時,先看后面定語從句中是否缺少主語或賓語缺少主語或賓語:主語賓語都不缺:引導詞用that/inwhich/不填引導詞用that/which/不填(缺賓語時)【高考鏈接】Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich第三十七頁，共72頁?？键c3：介詞+關系詞1.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which定語從句句首為介詞時,后可接的關系詞為:2.Thisisthehero____________Iamproud.3.Irecognizedtheboss_____________mysisterwasworking.

inwhoseofwhom介詞+whom/which/whose第三十八頁，共72頁。關系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關系e.g.Isthatthe

newspaper

forwhichyouoftenwritearticles?做題技巧?2.根據(jù)從句中動詞或形容詞的習慣搭配e.g.Canyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhich

I’m

notsure?3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習慣e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.4.非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞+of+關系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)e.g.Thereare50studentsinourclass,two-thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing.第三十九頁，共72頁。5.Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“

of+關系代詞”型e.g.Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.

Theylivedinahouse,ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopenstothesouth.【練】1.Thereare20studentsinthisclass,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.alloftheabove2.Ihavemanyfriends,___somearebusinessmen.A.OfthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom第四十頁，共72頁。3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich難點一：as的用法1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat歸納：as引導限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應充當成分如：主語、賓語或表語。as與which引導定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于句首時，只能用as,意為“正如、恰如”。as\that\which第四十一頁，共72頁。模擬訓練：1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.（04模擬訓練）

A.as;himB.that;/C.as;/D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;asB.thesame;whereC.thesame;thatD.asthesame;as第四十二頁，共72頁。1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。where引導的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況。解析：如果定語從句分別修飾point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。難點二：一些特殊詞之后的where第四十三頁，共72頁。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山東）

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.whyB.whereC.howD./做題要靈活：要分析句子成分，選擇恰當?shù)年P系詞。模擬訓練：第四十四頁，共72頁。

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary____Iborrowedthebook.where定語從句that強調(diào)句型綜合考查一：定語從句與強調(diào)句3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when

近年來，高考對定語從句和其它從句如：強調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語從句等的綜合考查越來越多，這就要求考生有扎實的基礎知識和較強的綜合分析能力。難點三:綜合考查第四十五頁，共72頁。綜合考查二：定語從句與同位語從句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelievethenews_______________hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which綜合考查三：定語從句與表語從句1.Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江蘇）

A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich5that/which表語從句定語從句同位語從句定語從句第四十六頁，共72頁。關系副詞的用法1.定語從句中關系副詞有：when,where,why2.關系副詞在定語從句中所作的成份：關系副詞在定語從句中都作狀語。when作時間狀語；where作地點狀語；why作原因狀語。第四十七頁，共72頁。TodayisMarch,12th,onwhichpeoplegettogethertoplanttrees!Itisabasketballcourt,onwhichwecanplaybasketballindoors.Thatisthereason,forwhichsheaskedforaleave.觀察下列3個句子：onwhich,在從句中作時間狀語，可直接用關系副詞whenwhenonwhich,在從句中作地點狀語，可直接用關系副詞wherewhereforwhich,在從句中作原因狀語，可直接用關系副詞whywhy第四十八頁，共72頁。HerememberedthedaywhenIarrivedinthisbigcity.IwentbacktotheplacewhereIwasbornandgrewup.Pleasegivemethereasonwhyyouwerelatethistime.when作時間狀語，意為onthedaywhere作地點狀語，意為intheplacewhy作原因狀語，意為forthereason第四十九頁，共72頁。Detailedexplanationwhen指時間，在從句中作時間狀語，它的先行詞為time,day,morning,night,week,year,moment,period,age等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。例：IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttraveledbyplane.Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer.我仍然記得第一次坐飛機旅行的時間。我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時代。第五十頁，共72頁。where指地點，在從句中作地點狀語。它的先行詞通常為place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。例：你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？請把書放在容易找到的地方。Canyoutellmethecompanywhereheworks?Keepthebooksinaplacewhereyoucanfindthemeasily.第五十一頁，共72頁。why指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason，在定語從句中作原因狀語，亦可用“介詞for+which”替代。例：你能告訴我你沒參加他的生日宴會的原因嗎？他犯法了，這就是他坐牢的原因。Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn’tcometohisbirthdayparty?Hebrokethelaw.Thatisthereasonwhyhewasputintoprison.第五十二頁，共72頁。完成句子：1.我一直都記得我來學校的第一天。Ialwaysrememberthefirstday______________________________.2.從他出國的那年起，我就再也沒見過他。Ihaven'tseenhimsincetheyear______________________________3.1949年是新中國成立的那一年。1949istheyear______________________________________.whenIcametoschoolwhenhewentabroad.whenChinawasfounded第五十三頁，共72頁。4.明天我要回去我的出生的故鄉(xiāng)。Iwillgobacktothehometown_____________________________5.我爸爸上班的公司離這特別遠。Thecompany______________________________isfarfromhere.6.這就是我們吃午餐的那家餐館。Thisistherestaurant______________________________whereIwasborn.wheremyfatherworkswherewehadourlunch.第五十四頁，共72頁。5.我沒有告訴她我為什么害怕的原因。Ididn'ttellherthereason________________________6.我真的不知道他又遲到的原因。Ireallydon'tknowthereason___________________________________________whyIamafraid.whyhewaslateagain.第五十五頁，共72頁。

3.并非先行詞是表示時間、地點和原因的名詞時都用when,where,why，若先行詞在定語從句中作主、賓語，用which\that若是作狀語，才用where,when,why

第五十六頁，共72頁。試比較：Iwillneverforgetthedays_______________Ispentwithmygrandmotherinthecountryside.Iwillneverforgetthedays__________Ispentmysummerholidayinthecountryside.whenspend是vt.從句缺賓語，先行詞放回從句作賓語，應用關系代詞which/that.雖然橫線前后都是完整的句子，但明顯有內(nèi)在關系，thedays放回后面的句子做時間狀語，所以找關系副詞when,既能指代前面先行詞在從句中作狀語，又能起到連詞的作用。which/that第五十七頁，共72頁。試比較：Putthebookbacktothedesk________otherscaneasilyfindit.Putthebookbacktothedesk_________________Johnmovedin.wherewhich/that先行詞在從句中作地點狀語先行詞在從句中作moved的賓語第五十八頁，共72頁。再比較：Nobodybelievedthereason________________

heputforwardinthemeeting.Thereason______hedidn'twanttoattendthemeetingisstillunknown.which/that先行詞thereason在從句中作putforward的賓語why先行詞thereason在從句中作狀語第五十九頁，共72頁。Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC3.ItwasOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.4.ItwasinOctober_____wemetinDamiaoforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whileCA對比訓練第六十頁，共72頁。5.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllikehim.6.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.whichBC7.Thenewscame____theBritishQueen’smothercelebratedher101thbirthdayingoodhealth,____isn’tsurprising,becauseshelivesaneasylifeandgetsthebestmedicalcare.A.that;whichB.which;whichC.that;thatD.when;as（05模擬訓練）第六十一頁，共72頁。Haveyougotit?第六十二頁，共72頁。由Who引導的定語從句，在句中做主語\賓語1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom選擇題第六十三頁，共72頁。4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that由Whom引導的定語從句，在句中做賓語介詞提前時只能用whom第六十四頁，共72頁。7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本國的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引導的定語從句,在句中做定語第六十五頁，共72頁。10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.which