2021-2022年湖北省孝感市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年湖北省孝感市公共英語五級(筆試)知識點匯總（含答案）學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.Whatwasthediscussiontopicofthepreviousclassmeeting?

A.NewEnglandmysterystories.

B.Eighteenth-centuryEnglishcriticism.

C.AcomparisonofpoemsofDickinsonandWhitman.

D.ThepoemsofWaltWhitman.

2.WhendidthisexpressioncomeintotheAmericanLanguage?

A.SometimeaftertheCivilWar.

B.DuringtheSecondWorldWar.

C.WhenpresidentGeorgeBushwasinoffice.

D.DuringtheperiodofIndependenceWar.

3.Youcanfindyournoseinthedarknessbecauseofyour"feltimage".

A.TrueB.Fasle

4.PartA

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.

聽力原文：Thereareseveralplacesintheworldthatarefamousforpeoplewholiveforaverylongtime．Thesesplacesareusuallymountainousareas，farawayfrommodemcities．Doctors，scientistsandpublichealthexpertsoftentraveltotheseregionstosolveamysteriouslonghealthylife；theexpertshopetobringtothemodemworldthesecretsoflongevity．

HunzaishighintheHymalayanMountainsofAsia．There，manypeopleoveronehundredyearsofagearestillinphysicalhealth．Menofninetyarenewfathers．a(chǎn)ndwomenoffiftystillhavebabies．Whatarethereasonsforthisgoodhealth?ScientistsbelievethatthepeopleofHunzahavethesethreebenefits：first，physicalwork，usuallyinthefieldsorwithanimals；second，ahealthenvironmentwithcleanairandwater：andwhat'smore,asimplediethighinvitaminsandnutritionbutlowinfat，cholesterol，sugarandchemicals．

PeopleintheCaucasusMountaininRussiaarealsofamousfortheirlongevity．Inthisarea，thereareamazingexamplesofverylong-livedpeople．Birthrecordsarenotusuallyavailable．butawomancalledTsurbaprobablyliveduntilage160;amancalledShiraliprobablyliveduntil168．Hiswidowwas120yearsold．Ingeneral，peoplenotonlylivealongtime，buttheyalsolivewell．Theyarealmostneversick，andwhentheydie，theyhavenotonlytheirownteethbutalsoafullheadofhairandgoodeyesight．

Vilcabamba，Ecuador，isanotherareafamousforthelongevityofitshabitants．Thisregion—likeHunzaandtheCaucasus—isalsoinhighmountains．farawayfromcities．InVilcabamba．too．thereisverylittledisease．Onereasonforthegoodhealthofthepeoplemightbetheclean，beautifulenvironment：thetemperatureisabout70Fahrenheitallyearlong；thewindalwayscomesfromthesamedirection；andtheregionisrichinflowers，fruits，vegetablesandwildlife．

Insomeways，thedietsofthehabitantsinthethreeregionsarequitedifferent．Hunzukutseatmainlyrawvegetables，fruit(especiallyapricots)，andchapattis—akindofpancake；theyeatmeatonlyafewtimesayear．TheCaucasiandietconsistsmainlyofmilk，cheese，vegetables，fruitandmeat；mostpeopletheredrinkthelocalredwinedaily．InVilcabamba，peopleeatasmallamountofmeateachweek，batthedietconsistslargelyofgrain，corns，beans，potatoesandfruit．

ExpertsfindonesurprisingfactinthemountainsofEcuador．Mostpeoplethere，eventheveryold，consumealotofcoffee，drinkalargeamountofalcohol，andsmokefortytosixtycigarettesdaily．

However，thedietsaresimilarintwogeneralways：first，thefruitsandvegetablesthattheinhabitantsofthethreeareaseatareallnatural；thatis，theycontainnochemicalsandsecond，thepeopleconsumefewercaloriesthanpeopledointheotherpartsoftheworld．AtypicalNorthAmericantakesinallaverageof3,300calorieseveryday；atypicalinhabitantofthesemountainousareasbetween1,700and2,000calories．

Inhabitantsinthethreeregionshavemoreincommoncalories,naturalfood，theirmountainsandtheirdistancefrommodemcities．becausethesepeopleliveincountrysideandaremostlyfarmers，theirlivesarephysicallyhard．Thus，theydonotneedtogotohealthclubsbecausetheygetalotofexerciseintheirdailywork．Inaddition，although，theirlivesarehard，thepeopledonotseemtohavetheworriesofcitypeople．Theirlivesarequiet．Consequently，someexpertsbelievethatphysicalexerciseandfreedomfromworrymightbethetwomostimportantsecretsoflongevity．

Somemodemcitiesareusuallyfamousforpeoplewholiveaverylongtime.

A.RightB.Wrong

5.WhendidDicksongotoBostonforeyetreatment?

A.In1848.

B.Intheearly1850s.

C.Inthelate1850s.

D.Intheearly1860s.

6.Ifyoupokeyourtongueintoaholeofyourteeth,itfeelsverytinyandslim.

A.RightB.Wrong

7.Peoplelikethechangesintheorganizationofthecompany.

A.TrueB.Fasle

8.Meatsalsocontainwater.

A.RightB.Wrong

9.Whichpowerdoesthemansuggest?

A.Waterpower.

B.Windpower.

C.Solarpower.

D.Electronicalpower.

10.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutLowTillFanning?

A.It'sanewwayofapplyingchemicalfertilizer.

B.It'sanimprovedmethodofharvestingcrops.

C.It'sacreativetechniqueforsavinglabor.

D.It'safanningprocesslimitingtheuseofplows.

11.Withonlyagoodbookweareverylikelytofeellonely.

A.RightB.Wrong

12.Thetalkismainlyabouttheimportanceof"feltimages".

A.TrueB.Fasle

13.WhendidtheWomen'sMovementbeginintheU.S.A.?

14.Waterisasimportantasvitamins,mineralsandproteinsforlife.

A.RightB.Wrong

15.What'stheessentialpointweshouldrealizeaboutspeechandwriting?

二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.(38)

17.(45)

18.

【C13】

19.

【C14】

20.(36)

21.(42)

22.

【C6】

23.

【C18】

24.(37)

25.

【C11】

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.(68)

27.

Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat______.

A.thegovernmenthopestosolvetheproblembywayofvolunteerrestrictions

B.morethan47millionAmericanswhoarequalifiedtogetfluvaccineshotscannotgetthemthisyear

C.Americahastodealwithalimitedsupplyoffluvaccinesthisyear

D.normallyonlyasmallpercentageofAmericanpopulationgetsfluvaccineshotseachyear

28.(69)

29.

Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat______．

A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity

B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone'scontrol

C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged

D.people'sattitudestoworkhadtobereversed

30.

Asmanifestedintheexperimentalstudy,rapideyemovementischaracterizedby______.

A.intenselyactivebrainwavetraces

B.subjects'quickerresponsetimes

C.complicatedmemorypatterns

D.revivalofeventsinthepreviousday

31.PartA

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextsandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Inathree-monthperiodlastyear,twoBrooklyniteshadtobecutoutoftheirapartmentsandcardedtohospitalonstretchersdesignedfortransportingsmallwhales.TheNationalAssociationtoAdvanceFatAcceptance(NAAFA)arguesthatitwasnottheircombined900kgbulkthatmadethemill.Obesity,accordingtoNAAFA,isnotbadforyou.And,evenifitwas,thereisnothingtobedoneaboutit,becausegenesdictateweight.Attemptingtoeatlessmerelyslowsmetabolism,havingpeopleaschubbyasever.

ThisisthefatlashmovementthatcausesAmerica'sslimmingindustrysomuchpain.InhisbookBinFatLies(Ballantine,1996),GlennGaessersaysthatnostudyyethasconvincinglyshownthatweightisanindependentcauseofhealthproblems.Fatnessdoesnotkillpeople;thingslikehypertension,coronaryheartdiseasesandcancerdo.MichaelFumento,authorofTheFatoftheLand(Viking,1997),ananti-fatlashdiatribe,comparesDrGaesser'slogicwithsayingthattheguillotinedidnotkillLouisXVI:Rather,itwastheseveringofhisvertebrae,thecuttingofallthebloodvesselsinhisneck,and...thetraumacausedbyhisheaddroppingseveralfeetintoawickerbasket.

Beingfatkillsinseveralways.Itmakespeoplefarmorelikelytosufferfromheartdiseaseorhighbloodpressure.Evenmoderateobesityincreasesthechanceofcontractingdiabetes.Being40%overweightmakespeople30%～50%morelikelytodieofcancer,accordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety.Extremefatnessmakespatientssomuchlesslikelytosurvivesurgerythatmanydoctorsrefusetooperateuntiltheyslim.

Theideathatbeingoverweightiscausedbyobesitygenesisnotwhollyfalse:researchershavefoundanumberofgenesthatappeartomakesomepeoplebumoffenergyataslowerrate.Butgenesarenotdestiny.Thedifferencebetweensomeonewithageneticpredispositiontogainweightandsomeonewithoutappearstoberoughly40calories-oraspoonfulofmayonnaise—aday.

Analternativefatlashargument,advancedinbookssuchasDeanOnrush'sEatMore,WeightLess(HarperCollies,1993)andDateAtrens'sDon'tDiet(WilliamMorrow,1978),isthatfatnessisnotamatterofeatingtoomuch.TheynotethatasAmericans'weighthasballoonedoverthelastfewdecades,theirreportedcaloricintakehasplunged.Thissimplyexplainspeople'sownrecollectionofhowmuchtheyeatisextremelyunreliable.Andastheygrowfatter,peoplefeelguiltyandaremorelikelytofibabouthowmuchtheyeat.Allreputablestudiesshowthateatinglessandexercisingreduceweight.

Certainly,thebody'smetabolismslowsalittlewhenyouloseweight,becauseittakeslessenergytocarrylessbulkaround,andbecausedietingcanmakethebodyfearitisabouttostarve.Butasensiblelow-fatdietmakesweightlosspossible.Thefatlashmovementisdangerous,becauseslimmerswilloftenfindanyexcusetogiveup.Totellpeoplethatitishealthytobeobeseistoencouragethemtolivesickanddieyoung.

ThetwoBrooklynitesinthefirstparagraphwere______.

A.membersoftheNWA

B.typicalvictimsofoverweight

C.membersofthe"fatlash"movement

D.proofthatthefatlashmovementisgainingstrength

32.(78)

33.

Thevalueofcompetitionworksagainstthespiritofnationalcooperationinthat______.

A.itmakespeoplenotbelieveinthegovernment

B.itcausespeopletosuspectbutnottotrusteachother

C.itmakespeopleevenunabletocooperatewellonlocallevels

D.itencouragespeopletogainsuccessthroughindividualhardwork

34.(79)

35.(80)

36.(72)

37.

TheGTE'sexampleshowsthat______.

A.efficienttechnologyiscost-effective

B.manymeetingsinacompanyareunnecessary

C.manypositionslikethatofatypistcanbedoneawaywith

D.itdoesn'tcostmuchtoautomatethefacilitiesofacompany

38.(75)

39.(74)

40.(67)

四、閱讀理解(5題)41.

第

44

題

offerssomemorewaystodestroywhattheplayershavebuilt?__________

42.

第

42

題

allowsgarnerstoselectgameswithequal—caliberopponents?__________

43.

第

48

題

Whatadvantagewilltherebeifonebuyslifeinsuranceinsteadofmakingotherinvestments?

44.

第

45

題

Accordingtothepassage，speciallaborlawsprotectingwomenworkerstendgenerallytohavewhichofthefollowingeffects?

45.

根據(jù)下列選項回答21～30題：

第

21

題

istheheadquarteroftheSupremeCourt?__________

參考答案

1.D

2.A

3.A

4.B

5.D

6.B

7.B

8.A

9.C

10.D

11.B

12.A

13.Duringthe1960s．

14.B

15.Theyaredifferent

16.whichwhich解析：由37題解析可知此空應(yīng)為一個引導定語從句的詞，即which，其后的定語修飾“several(typesofcontamination)”。

17.whowho解析：此空后的句子應(yīng)為teacher的定語從句，故此空處應(yīng)填who，引導修飾人的定語從句。

18.closeclose解析：顯然，不好的習慣是“太靠近桌子”，故應(yīng)填“近”。

19.ratherrather解析：此空所在句意為“用四個手指握筆而不是三個。”ratherthan表示“而不是”。

20.alsoalso解析：由35題解析，拼寫有問題的學生必定握筆習慣不好。

21.suchsuch解析：“poorposture，leaningtoo…tothedesk，using…”均是對characteristics的舉例說明，而舉例用英語說應(yīng)為“suchas”。

22.airair解析：由前面的smog可知，此空處應(yīng)填與smog相應(yīng)的物質(zhì)，又由后面的“hoversovercities”可知，此物質(zhì)只能是“臟空氣”。

23.werewere解析：考查被動語態(tài)的用法，注意分析句子成分。所以此處應(yīng)填“were”。

24.betweenbetween解析：此句意為“Thomas先生盡管不能在握筆方式和拼寫準確性之間建立重要的統(tǒng)計學聯(lián)系，…”所以答案為介詞between。

25.asas解析：此處為因果關(guān)系，意為“因為許多人沒有…”，因此此處應(yīng)填填連詞“as”。

26.FF解析：第一個“myth”認為隨著人口老齡化的增長，西方國家的醫(yī)療體系會癱瘓。研究中的一位人口統(tǒng)計學家指出問題的關(guān)鍵是要建成靈活自由的醫(yī)療服務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)。

27.B解析：由第四段第二句“Thegovernmentestimatesthat95millionpeoplestillqualifyforshotsunderthevoluntaryrestrictionsannouncedlastweek．”中可以知道大約有九千五百萬人有資格注射疫苗。根據(jù)第四段第三句：“That'snearlytwicethenumberofdosesthatclinicswillhaveonhand，butonly60millio

28.EE解析：由上下兩段可知，只有E放在此處可使上下文銜接。

29.C解析：由短文第三段中“Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend，andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed．”可知。

30.A解析：第二段中指出“…whenbrainandbodyareactive”，大腦積極運轉(zhuǎn)是眼珠快速轉(zhuǎn)動的主要特征，且在第三、四段又再次說明。選項B“被研究者很快的反應(yīng)速度”，選項C“復雜的記憶模式”和選項D“前一天事件的重現(xiàn)”都不是眼球快速運動的主要特征。故應(yīng)選A。

31.B解析：由第一段可知，兩人是因為肥胖而被送進醫(yī)院的，故B項正確。A、C項文章中未提到。兩個病人不能證明fatlash運動高漲。故D項是錯誤的。

32.C解析：由C中倒數(shù)第二段中的“GNVQinbusinessstudiesandhealthandsocialcareprovidesanalternativevocationalpathwayto…”可知。

33.B解析：文章最后一段第二句話“Competitionsometimesencouragesfeelingsofsuspicionratherthanthemutualtrustthatisnecessaryforsuccessfulnationalcooperation．”說明競爭有時會助長懷疑的意識，而不是合作需要的相互信任。故應(yīng)選B。

34.B解析：由B中的第一段“Theozonelayeristhreatenedbychemicalemissions，theclimateisendangeredfromfossilanddeforestation…．”可知。

35.D解析：書評一中的“…h(huán)eignoressomekeyargumentsinfavorofthemarket…”，書評二中的“Whilepartsofthisbookaredisappointinglyshallow…”，書評三種的“Stiglitz，58，ishardlythefirstpersontoaccusetheIMF…”都有提到Stiglit