自考0795綜合英語二基礎(chǔ)班課程講義全下冊(cè)Lessom14

疊打印本頁疊打印本頁LessonFourteen:TheListenerOutlineoftheText(Para.1)ViolinistRudolfmadealivingbygivingconcertsinsmallseaporttowns.(Para.2)InvarioustownsinIcelandtheaudiencedidn,tunderstandhismusic.(Paras.3-5)Hearrivedatalighthousetoseekshelterfromacomingstorm.(Paras.6-9)Rudolflearnedallaboutthelighthousekeeper,ssimplelife.(Paras.10-20)Rudolffoundanunderstandinglistenerforhismusicinthelighthouse.text(Para.1)OncetherewasalittleconcertviolinistnamedRudolf,wholivedinSweden.Onceadv.從前，曾經(jīng)…wholivedinSweden非限定性定語從句，修飾RudolfSomeofhisfriendsthoughthewasnotthebestofmusiciansbecausehewasrestless;othersthoughthewasrestlessbecausehewasnotthebestofmusicians.譯文：他的一些朋友認(rèn)為他之所以成不了一流樂手是因?yàn)樗话卜?，另一些朋友覺得，正因?yàn)樗皇且涣鳂肥?，他才不安分。musiciannAtanyrate,hehituponawayofmakingaliving,withnocompetitors.譯文：無論是哪種情況，反正他想出了一個(gè)沒有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的謀生之路。Atanyrate,hehituponawayofmakingaliving,withnocompetitors--Whateverthecasemaybe,hecameupwithawayofsupportinghimself;nobodyelsewouldwanttomakealivingthisway.Whetherbychoiceornecessity,heusedtosailaboutScandinaviainhissmallboat,allalone,givingconcertsinlittleseaporttowns.譯文：或許是他樂意這樣做，或許是沒有別的辦法，他常常獨(dú)自駕駛小舟到斯堪的納維亞地區(qū)海邊小鎮(zhèn)進(jìn)行演出。Bychoice自愿e.g.Ishouldtakethisbychoice.usedtodosth.過去常常beusedtodoingsth習(xí)慣于Ifhefoundanaccompanist,wellandgood;ifnot,heplayedworksforunaccompaniedviolin;wellandgood那也不錯(cuò)andithappenedonceortwicethathewantedapianosobadlythatheimaginedone,andthenheplayedwholesonatasforviolinandpiano,withnopianoinsight.譯文：有一兩次他特別想有鋼琴伴奏，只好假想有，居然在眼前根本沒有鋼琴的情況下，演奏了整部小提琴和鋼琴協(xié)奏曲。Insight被看到(Para.2)OneyearRudolfsailedallthewayouttoIcelandandbeganworkinghiswayaroundthatrockycoastfromonetowntoanother.譯文：有一年，魯?shù)婪蝰{船一直抵達(dá)遙遠(yuǎn)的冰島，開始艱難地環(huán)繞那巖石密布的海岸，從一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)到另一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)巡回演出。Workone'sway費(fèi)力前進(jìn)e.g.Heworkedhiswaytothefrontofthecrowd.Itwasahard,stubbornland;butpeopleinthosedifficultplacesdonotforgetthelawofhospitalitytothestranger-fortheirGodmaydecreethattheytooshallbecomestrangersonthefaceoftheearth.譯文：這是一片堅(jiān)硬、難以開發(fā)的土地；不過那些艱苦地方的人們對(duì)初來乍到的人并沒有忘記自己的待客之道一因?yàn)檎f不定哪天命運(yùn)也會(huì)把他們帶到陌生的地方?！璪utpeopleinthosedifficultplacesdonotforgetthelawofhospitalitytothestranger--butpeopleinthosepoorplacesareverykindandfriendlytootherswhocometotheirland.orderTheaudiencesweresmall,andevenifRudolfhadbeenreallyfirst-rate,theywouldnothavebeenverydemonstrative.譯文：聽眾不多，即便魯?shù)婪蛘媸且涣餮葑嗉?，他們也不?huì)表露出多少熱情/有多熱烈的表現(xiàn)。first-class…evenifRudolfhadbeenreallyfirst-rate,theywouldnothavebeenverydemonstrative--evenifRudolfhadplayedverywell,theaudiencewouldnothaveshownemotion.Fromancienttimestheirenergyhadgone,firstofall,intoearnesttoil.譯文：自古以來，他們首先必須辛勤勞動(dòng)。(即：謀生是他們的首要活動(dòng)，勞動(dòng)之余，沒有多少精力去聽音樂。)Sometimesthelocalschoolteacher,whoremindedthemoftheirdutytothenamesofBeethovenandBachandMozartandoneortwootherswhosemusicperhapswasnotmuchheardinthoseparts,collectedthem.譯文：當(dāng)?shù)氐哪俏唤虝壬袝r(shí)讓他們聚在一起，給他們演奏一些曲子，讓他們知道世界上有偉大的音樂家貝多芬、巴赫、莫扎特以及其作品本地老百姓不太熟悉的其他一兩位音樂家。Collected…本句謂語Remindsb.ofsth/todosth.提醒某人某事/去做某事Toooftenpeoplesatstolidlywatchingthenoisylittlefiddler,andwenthomefeelinggravelyedified.Buttheypaid.譯文：演奏時(shí)，聽眾常常是呆若木雞地瞅著那唧唧喳喳的樂手；散場(chǎng)回家時(shí)，他們覺得受到深刻教育。不過錢他們總是付的。(Paras.3-5)3AsRudolfwassailingfromonetowntothenextalongasparselysettledshore,thenortheastturnedblackandmenacing.along沿著，順著Sparselyadv.稀疏地，稀少地Menacing險(xiǎn)惡的AstormwasbearingdownuponIceland.譯文：一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨就要襲擊冰島了。2Beardownon/upon向…迅速逼近e.g.Anenemywarshipwasbearingdownuponours.approachRudolfwasroundingableak,dangerouscape,andhismaptoldhimthatthenearestharborwashalfaday,sjourneyaway.譯文：此時(shí)魯?shù)婪蛘谝惶幓臎?、險(xiǎn)要的海角行駛，據(jù)地圖所示，他離最近的港口也有半天的航程。desertedHewasstartingtoworrywhenhesaw,lessthanamileoffshore,alighthouseonatinyrockisland.offshore離岸，在近海處Lighthouse燈塔Atthebaseofthelighthousewasadeep,narrowcove,protectedbycliffs.譯文：燈塔的底部旁邊是一個(gè)水深面窄的小海灣，四周有峭壁環(huán)抱著。Withsomedifficulty,intherisingseas,heputinthereandmooredtoanironringthathungfromthecliff.譯文：風(fēng)急浪高，他好不容易靠岸，把船系泊于懸掛在峭壁上的鐵環(huán)上。roughAflightofstairs,cutintherock,leduptothelighthouse.譯文：在巖石上開鑿出來的節(jié)節(jié)臺(tái)階一直通到燈塔。Ontopofthecliff,outlinedagainstthescuddingclouds,stoodaman.譯文：在翻滾烏云的襯托之下，懸崖頂上站著一個(gè)人。2Leadupto:漸漸引向e.g.Hisflatteringwordsleduptoarequestformoney.Leadto:resultin導(dǎo)致e.g.Thiswillleadtotroubleinthefuture.Leadsb.bythenose:完全控制某人e.g.Themotheralwayswantstoleadherchildbythenose.Leadsb.tothealtar/leadsb.astray:把某人引入歧途e.g.Thegirl,sfatherblamedherboyfriendforleadingherastray.4"Youarewelcome!”thevoiceboomedoverthesoundofthewavesthatwerealreadybeginningtobreakovertheisland.譯文：〃歡迎光臨！〃有人說，那低沉的聲音在天空回響，蓋過拍擊小島的海浪的轟鳴聲。5Darknessfellquickly.Thelighthousekeeperledhisguestupthespiralstairstothelivingroomonthethirdfloor,thenbusiedhimselfinpreparationforthestorm.譯文：燈塔看守人帶著客人上了螺旋型樓梯，到了三層的起居室，然后就忙著準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)付暴風(fēng)雨的來臨。lighthouse2Busyoneselfin/with使忙于e.g.Theprofesssorbusiedhimselfwithscientificresearch.bebusydoingsthAboveall,hehadtoattendtothegreatlampinthetower,thatdominatedthewholeregion.譯文：壓倒一切的任務(wù)是，他要負(fù)責(zé)照管好塔頂上的那盞統(tǒng)帥著全區(qū)的巨燈。Itwasacontinuouslight,intensifiedbyreflectors,andeclipsedbyshuttersatregularintervals.Thedurationoflightwasequaltothatofdarkness.譯文：那是一盞持續(xù)發(fā)光的燈，反射器使其更亮，百葉窗定時(shí)開合，使其時(shí)亮?xí)r暗，亮與暗的時(shí)間相等。atintervals相隔一定距離，不時(shí)(Paras.6-9)6Thelighthousekeeperwasahugeoldmanwithagrizzledbeardthatcamedownoverhischest.譯文：燈塔看守人是個(gè)大個(gè)子的老人，蒼白的胡子一直搭拉到胸前。graySlow,deliberate,bearlike,hemovedwithoutwastedmotionaboutthelimitedworldofwhichhewasthemaster.譯文：他像一只熊，行動(dòng)緩慢、沉著穩(wěn)重，在自己主宰的那個(gè)小天地里，活動(dòng)自如，沒有一個(gè)動(dòng)作是多余的。calmHespokelittle,asifwordshadnotmuchimportancecomparedtotheotherforcesthatcomprisedhislife.Yethewasequable,asthoseelementswerenot.譯文：他話不多，好像話語沒有構(gòu)成他生活的大自然的力量重要，不過他很穩(wěn)定，平和，而那些力量卻并非如此。constitute2Yethewasequable,asthoseelementswerenot--Butunlikethoseforcesofnaturehelivedwithallaroundhim---thewind,stormandthunder,hewaskind,calmandgentle.7Afterthesupperofblackbreadandboiledpotatoes,fish,cheeseandhottea,whichtheytookinthekitchenabovethelivingroom,whichtheytookinthekitchenabovethelivingroom非限定性定語從句，修飾supperthetwomensatandcontemplatedeachother,spresence.譯文：兩人相對(duì)而坐，琢磨著因何在此不期邂逅。Abovethemwasthemaintenanceroom,andabovethatthegreatlampspokemajestic,silentmessagesoflighttotheshipsatsea.譯文：他們的上面是維修室，再往上是那盞巨燈，它用其光芒向海上的船只莊重而默默地發(fā)出信號(hào)。Thestormhammeredlikeabatteringramonthewallsofthelighthouse.Rudolfofferedtobacco,feelingsuddenlyimmatureashedidso.譯文：暴風(fēng)雨像古代的攻城槌一樣撞擊著燈塔的墻壁。魯?shù)婪蚰贸鰺熑~給老人遞過去，此時(shí)他突然感到自己稚氣未脫。Theoldmansmiledalittleashedeclineditbyaslightmovementofthehead;itwasasifheknewwelltheusesoftobaccoandtheneedforofferingit,andaffirmeditall,yet-herehe,too,washalfwayapologetic-wasself-containedandwithoutneedofanythingthatwasnotalreadywithinhispower.譯文：老人笑了笑，輕輕搖了搖頭以示謝絕；好像他知道煙草的用處，也知道為什么要向他敬煙，這些他都明白，不過他頗帶歉意地表示，他需要的東西什么都有，他不需要他無力享有的任何東西。2…h(huán)e…wasself-containedandwithoutneedofanythingthatwasnotalreadyinhispower--…h(huán)e…h(huán)adeverythingheneededinthelighthouse,anddidn,tneedanythingthathedidn,thave.Andhesatthere,gentleandreflective,hisgreatworkmanhandsrestingonoutspreadthighs.譯文：于是他坐在那里，和藹、深沉，一雙勞動(dòng)者的大手搭在伸開的大腿上。8ItseemedtoRudolfthatthelighthousekeeperwasentirelyawareofallthesoundsofthestormandofitsviolentimpactuponthelighthouse.Butheknewthemsowellthathedidnothavetothinkaboutthem:theywereliketheinvoluntarymovementsofhisownheartandblood.譯文：魯?shù)婪蚋械綗羲词厝送耆庾R(shí)到暴風(fēng)雨的一切轟鳴聲以及風(fēng)浪對(duì)燈塔猛烈的沖擊，可是這些他都太熟悉了，沒有必要去考慮，就像他對(duì)自己的心臟跳動(dòng)和血液流動(dòng)，從不刻意留心一■樣。Inthesameway,beneaththesimplecourtesythatmadehimspeakandlistentohisguestinspecificways,hewasalreadycalmlyandmysteriouslyapartofhim,assurelyasthemainlandwasconnectedwiththelittleisland,andalltheislandswithoneanother,soextensively,undertheocean.譯文：表面上看，出于起碼的禮貌，他以特有的方式和客人談話、傾聽客人的見聞，但是，同樣也是在不知不覺之中，在內(nèi)心的深處，他已經(jīng)悄悄地、神奇地和客人結(jié)合在一起了，就像這個(gè)小島和大陸在海底連接在一起一樣，就像所有的島嶼在廣闊的海底連在一起一樣。goodmanner9GraduallyRudolfdrewforththesparsedataoftheoldman,slife:Hehadbeenborninthisverylighthouseeighty-threeyearsbefore,whenhisfatherwasthelighthousekeeper.譯文：魯?shù)婪驖u漸從老人那里了解到他簡(jiǎn)單的經(jīng)歷：83年以前，他就出生在這座燈塔內(nèi)，那時(shí)他的父親是看守人。2Drawforth招致,使出現(xiàn)e.g.Theirarrogancedrewforthfailure.Hismother-theonlywomanhehadeverknown-hadtaughthimtoreadtheBible,andhereaditdaily.Hehadnootherbooks.(Paras.10-20)Asamusician,Rudolfhadnothadtimetoreadmucheither-butthen,hehadlivedincities.Hereacheddownandtookhisbelovedviolinoutofitscase.譯文：他躬身從盒子里拿出了心愛的小提琴。bend"Whatdoyoumakewiththat,sir?”theoldmanasked.譯文：〃先生，這東西是做什么用的？〃老人問道。ForasecondRudolfthoughthishostmightbejoking;buttheserenityoftheother,sexpressionreassuredhim.譯文：有一陣子，魯?shù)婪蛞詾橹魅耸窃陂_玩笑，不過他那認(rèn)真的表情使魯?shù)婪虼_信那不是玩笑。peaceTherewasnotevencuriosityabouttheinstrument,butratherawholeinterestinhim,theperson,thatincludedhis"work."InmostcircumstancesRudolfwouldhavefoundithardtobelievethattherecouldexistsomeonewhodidnotknowwhataviolinwas;yetnowhehadnoinclinationtolaugh.Hefeltsmallandinadequate.譯文：他表現(xiàn)出來的，甚至不是對(duì)那樂器的好奇，而是對(duì)他這個(gè)人的興趣，包括對(duì)他的‘活計(jì)〃的興趣。在其他情況下，魯?shù)婪驔Q不會(huì)相信居然有人不知道小提琴為何物，可是，此刻他可不想笑，他感到自己渺小、感到自己不足。"Imake…musicwithit,"hestammeredinalowvoice.譯文：〃我用它制作…音樂?！ㄋ吐?、結(jié)巴地說。"Music,"theoldmansaidponderously."Ihaveheardofit.ButIhavenever?〃seenmusic.譯文：老人若有所思地說，"音樂，我聽說過，可是從來沒有見過。""Onedoesnotseemusic.Onehearsit."譯文："音樂是聽的，不是看的。""Ahyes,"thelighthousekeeperconsented,asitwere,withhumilitHiswidegrayeyesresteduponthelittlefiddlerandconferreduponhimalltheimportanceofwhichanyindividualiscapable.譯文："是啊，"燈塔看守人表示贊同，好像十分謙遜。他睜大了那雙灰色的眼睛，目光落在那小個(gè)子樂手身上，對(duì)他刮目相看。Confer…(title,honor,degree,etc.)onsb.授予某人(頭銜、榮譽(yù)、學(xué)位等)ThensomethinginthestormandthelighthouseandtheoldmanexaltedRudolf,filledhimwithcompassionandloveandaspaciousnessinfinitelybeyondhimself.Hewantedtostrikeaworkoffireandstarsintobeingfortheoldman-Rudolfwantedtoplaysomepassionatemusicfortheoldman.excitedAnd,withthestormashisaccompanist,hestoodandbegantoplay-theKreutzerSonataofBeethoven.譯文：暴風(fēng)雨、燈塔和老人三者融合起來，使他心里充滿了慈悲和真愛，使他的心胸頓時(shí)寬闊無比，使他超越了自我，他想為老人演奏一部感情奔放的作品。他站起身來，以暴風(fēng)雨為伴奏，開始演奏貝多芬的克萊澤奏鳴曲。Themomentspassed,momentsthatweredaysinthecreationofthatworldoffireandstars;momentsofthestruggleofallmen;andfinallymomentsthatshowedthegreatnessofallhumanspirits.NeverbeforehadRudolfplayedwithsuchmastery-orwithsuchanaccompanist.譯文：音樂表現(xiàn)的時(shí)刻結(jié)束了，創(chuàng)作那個(gè)激情世界的日日夜夜完全體現(xiàn)在演奏的時(shí)刻之中，那些全人類斗爭(zhēng)的時(shí)刻，以及最終表現(xiàn)人類偉大精神的時(shí)刻。魯?shù)婪驈膩頉]有演奏得如此出色，從來沒有過如此的伴奏。Wavesandwindbeatthetowerwithgianthands.Steadilyabovethemthebeaconthrewitslifesavingbeamsacrossthedarkandangryseas.譯文：風(fēng)浪伸出巨手拍打著塔樓。在兩人的上面，燈塔向黑暗、洶涌的大海放射出能夠挽救生命的光束。2Beatsth./sb.back/off：擊退，趕跑e.g.ThepolicebeatoffthedemonstratorstoletthePresident,scarthrough.Beatsth.down:打倒；把價(jià)格壓低e.g.Hewanted$10forthedress,butIbeathimdownto$8.5.Beatsb.up:痛打某人e.g.Theboysrobbedtheoldmanandbeathimup.Beatsth.up:用力攪拌(雞蛋等)e.g.Beatuptheeggwhitesuntiltheybecomestiff.Beatsb.blackandblue:把某人打得青一塊紫一塊ThelastnoteceasedandRudolfdroppedhiheadonhischest,breathinghard.Theoceanthrewitswaterovertheislandwitharoarasofmanyvoices.譯文：琴聲嘎然終止，魯?shù)婪虻念^向著胸膛耷拉下來，急促地喘著氣。大海仍然在咆哮，猶如萬民怒吼，巨浪不斷拍擊、吞噬著小島。Theoldmanhadsatunmovingthroughthwork,hisbroad,gnarledhandsrestingonhisthighs,hisheadbowed,listeningmassively.譯文：樂曲演奏的過程中，老人一直坐著不動(dòng)，他那飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的雙手放在腿上，低著頭，全神貫注地聽著樂曲。Forsometimehecontinuedtositinsilence.Thenhelookedup,liftedthosehandscalmly,judiciously,andnoddedhishead.譯文：他靜靜地又坐了一會(huì)兒，然后抬起頭來，安詳?shù)?、有見地地舉起了雙手，點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭?！癥es,"hesaid."Thatistrue.”譯文：〃是的，〃他說，〃是這么回事?！≒502注意題目的含義。要理解listener的意思必須了解listen的意思。Listen有兩個(gè)層次的含義：(1)表層含義tomakeanefforttohearsth./sb.withone'sear努力使(生理的)耳朵接受；(2)深層含義(即哲學(xué)含義)tohearwithintheinnerear,tocontemplate,tobeawareof用心靈的耳朵聽，去思考，去意識(shí)。VocabularyExercisesCompletethefollowingsentenceswithwordsformedwithdifferentprefixesorsuffixes,makingchangesinthespellingwherevernecessary.(n.:harmracistadj.:emptyrealv.:discovercharge)Nick,ablackyoungman,felthewasluckyenoughtoworkunderan(non-racist)employer.Ifyoudon,tworkveryhard,ofcourseyoucan,t(realize)yourambitionforthefuture.non-racistrealizeWhenthecashierfoundshehad(overcharged)mebyatleast5dollars,sheapologisedforhercarelessness.③overchargedMostsmokersknowthatsmokingis(harmful),butnotmanywouldliketoquitit.④harmfulWhenherchildrengrewupandgone,shefelta(n)(emptiness).⑤emptiness3.Completethefollowingsentences.Putsuitableprepositionsoradverbsintheblanks.Itoccurred(to)himthatthethiefmighthaveescapedthroughthewindow.occurtosbthinkofsthsaddeningThechildrensatstill(through/throughout)theperformance.Hehit(upon)agoodideaofcontactinghisfriends-throughtheInternet.Hedevotedallhissparetime(to)stampcollection.devototoInhispoem,thespeakercomparedhislove(to)asummer,paretoCompared(with/to)John,Peterisbetter(in)everyrespect.(7)Wehavetotakeexams(at)regularintervals.Weloveourcountry(in)thesamewayasweloveourmother.Sorry.It,snot(in)mypowertogiveyouthatkindofinformation.Allroadslead(to)Rome.Choosetherightwordforeachblankandputtheverbintherightform.(1)raise,riseThechairman(rose)fromhisseatanddeclaredthemeetingopen.He(raised)himselffromthegroundandwalkedon.raise[ei]vt+n/代rise[ai]vi+prep/xrise(過去時(shí))rose 、risenstop,ceaseThelibrarycardhas(ceased)tobeeffective.Thebaby(stopped)cryingassoonashesawhismother.sthceasesb或sthstopagree,consentBothparties(agree/agreed)ontheseterms.She(consented)tothedoctor,sassertionthathersonwasill,butshewouldnotconsenttohavinghimhospitalized.agreeonsthagreewithsbagreetosthconsenttosthconsenttodoingsth(4)sensible,sensitiveBecarefulnottocriticizehimtooopenly.He,svery(sensitive).She,svery(sensible)aboutmoney.sorry,sorrowfulIcouldseefromher(sorrowful)facehowunhappyshewas.Ifelt(sorry)forthechildrenwhenIheardoftheirdivorce.sorrowful定besorryforsthsbChoosethebestwordforeachblank.Communicationisthe(1)(key)(answer,core,key,solution)toanysocialsystem,andorganizationstheworldoverarecommunicatingmorewithsuchtechnological(2)(advances)(advances,enhances,gains,proofs)asvoice-mail,electronicmailboxes,faxmachines.Afewyearsago,mydepartmentofficewasoneofthefirsttohaveasimple(3)(answering)(answer,answered,answering,answering-use)machine.Nowtheentirefacultyis(4)(hooked)(associated,connected,hooked,linked)intoe-mail,soamessagearrivesintheelectronicmailboxofthe(5)(desired)(asked,desired,hoped,needed)personandwaitsforhimtogetit.Themessagescanbestored,resp