2022-2023年山西省大同市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題一卷(含答案)

2022-2023年山西省大同市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級真題一卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Similartoaninventionorsomeinnovationincommerce,weareagainenteringaperiodofsocialchangethroughcommercialway:______.

A.politicalvoting

B.volunteering

C.consuming

D.spendingmoremoneythanever

2.

Accordingtoresearchers,laughingaloudhelpinducehappiness.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Theexpression"cross-genderconversations"(Paragraph5)means______.

4.

Thelivingstandardsofeverymemberofthesocietydependonhisorheremployers'abilityto______.

5.

Schoolofficialsinthispassagethoughtthemaths,scoresoftheirstudents______.

6.Bysharingimportantapplianceswithneighbors,youcancommunicatewiththemaswellas______.

7.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

A.Toanalyzethecurrentsituationinthejobmarket.

B.Togivesuggestionstothoselaidoffinthecrisis.

C.Togivetipsonjoblandingintheeconomicdecline.

D.Toofferadviceonhowtoavoidbeinglaidoff.

8.

RosaParkswasthefirstblackpersontorefusetogiveupaseatonthebusforawhiteperson.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

PizzaHut

PizzaHutwasstartedin1958,bytwobrothersinWichita,Kansas.FrankandDanCarneyhadtheideatoopenapizzaparlor.Theyborrowed$600fromtheirmother,andopenedtheveryfirstPizzaHut.In1959,thefirstfranchiseunitopenedinTopeka,Kansas.Almostadecadelater,PizzaHutwouldbeservingonemillioncustomersaweekinits310locations.In1970,PizzaHutwasputontheNewYorkStockExchangeunderthetickersymbolPIZ.

In1986,PizzaHutintroduceddeliveryservice,somethingnootherrestaurantwasdoing.Bythe1990s'PizzaHutsaleshadreached$4billionworldwide.In1998,PizzaHutcelebratedits40thanniversary,andlauncheditsfamouscampaign"TheBestPizzasUnderOneRoof."In1996,PizzaHutsalesintheUnitedStateswereover$5million.Outofalltheexistingpizzachains,PizzaHuthadthelargestmarketshare,46.4%.However,PizzaHut'smarketsharehasslowlyerodedbecauseofintensecompetitionfromtheirrivalsDomino's,LittleCaesar'sandnewcomerPapaJohn's.Homedeliverywasadrivingforceforsuccess,especiallyforPizzaHutandDomino's.

However,thisforcedcompetitorstolookfornewmethodsofincreasingtheircustomerbases.Manypizzachainsdecidedtodiversifyandoffernewnon-pizzaitemssuchasbuffalowings,andItaliancheesebread.Thecurrenttrendinpizzachainstodayisthesame.Theyalltrytocomeupwithsomenewer,bigger,betterpizzaforalowprice.Offeringspecialpromotionsandnewpizzavariationsarepopulartodayaswell.Forexample,chickenisnowacommontoppingfoundonpizzas.

Inthepast,PizzaHuthasalwayshadthefirstmoveradvantage.Theirmarketingstrategyinthepasthasalwaysbeentobethefirst.Oneoftheirmainstrategiesthattheystillfollowtodayisthediversificationoftheproductstheyoffer.PizzaHutisalwaysaddingsomethingnewtotheirmenu,tryingtoreachnewmarkets.Forexample,in1992thefamousbuffetwaslaunchedinPizzaHutrestaurantsworldwide.Theyweretryingtooffermanydifferentfooditemsforcustomerswhodidn'tnecessarilywantpizza.

Anotherstrategytheyusedinthepastandarestillusingisthediversificationoftheirpizzas.PizzaHutisalwaystryingtocomeupwithsomeinnovativewaytomakeapizzaintosomethingslightlydifferent—differentenoughthatcustomerswillthinkit'sawholenewproduct.LookatsomeofthepizzasPizzaHuthasmarketedinthepast.In1983,PizzaHutintroducedtheirPanPizza,whichhadaguaranteeofbeingreadytoeatin5minuteswhendiningatPizzaHutrestaurants.In1993,theyintroducedthe"BigFoot",whichwastwosquarefeetofpizzacutinto21slices.In1995,theyintroduced"StuffedCrustPizza",wherethecrustwouldbefilledwithcheese.In1997,theymarketed"TheEdge",whichhadcheeseandtoppingsallthewaytotheedgeofthepizza.Currently,theyaremarketing"TheBigNewYorker,"tryingtobringthefamousNewYorkstyle.pizzatothewholecountry.

AnotheropportunitythatPizzaHuthasistheirneworderingonlinesystem.AnyonewithInternetaccesscanorderwhatevertheywishandgetitdeliveredtotheirhousewithoutevenspeakingtosomeone.Thisprogramhasjustbeenstarted,sowedonothaveanynumberstosupportwhetherornotitwillbeasuccess.

Lastly,PizzaHuthasalwaysvaluedcustomerserviceandsati

A.1958B.1959C.1969D.1970

10.Toavoidpotentialinjurieswhendoinggym-basedactivities,youneedtomakesurethatyougeta______instructor.

11.

Ifwecanjoinbillionsofcomputercircuitstogetherlikebillionsofbraincellswhichworktogether,thenthecomputercanreceive______.

12.

Theteenagerswhoconductbullyinginschoolwillcommitcrimesintheiradulthoods.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.Whichoneisnotthereasonwhylow-incomepeoplewhohavehealthinsurancecan'tgetmedicalcare?

A.Itisveryinconvenientforthemtoseethedoctor.

B.Healthinsurancedoesnotbringthemanybenefit.

C.Theyhaveseveraljobsanddon'thavetimetoseethedoctor.

D.Medicalserviceisalmostunavailableintheirneighborhood.

14.Evenifthecompanyoverallcannotpassthe12-questiontest,______maypassit.

15.

NationalNegroBusinessLeagueexistsfrom______.

16.

Somepeoplesufferheadachesonweekendsbecausetheirusualeatingandsleepinghabitsformedduringtheweekaresuddenlybroken.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Stranglersaresocalledbecausethey______byblockingthesunlightandcompetingforthenutrients.

18.

Theonlyproblemthestudentserefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Newtreeseedlingswillnotsurvivetoreachthecanopylevelunless______.

20.

MarkTwaingothisfamebythework"TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty".

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffire,althoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenpeopleacquiredtheuseofthelatter.

Theoriginoflanguageisalsoobscure.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually.Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveassignals,buteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundabletopronouncewordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.Thesuperiorbrainofmanisapparentlynecessitiesforthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligent,wemustsupposethathegraduallyincreasedthenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenhediscoveredthatspeedcouldbeusedfornarrative.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgone,orwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.Probablypicturelanguageandorallanguagedevelopedsidebyside.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman.

Twoimportantstagescamenottoolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.Thefirstwasthedomesticationofanimals;thesecondwasagriculture.Agriculturewasastageinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage.Agriculturemadepossibleanimmenseincreaseinthenumberofthehumanspeciesintheregionswhereitcouldbesuccessfullypracticed.Theywere,atfirst,onlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.

Thefirsttwostagesinthedevelopmentofcivilizedmanwereprobablytheinventionofprimitiveweaponsandthediscoveryoffire,althoughnobodyknowsexactlywhenpeople(36)______theuseofthelatter.

Theoriginoflanguageisalso(37)______.Nodoubtitbeganverygradually.Animalshaveafewcriesthatserveas(38)______,buteventhehighestapeshavenotbeenfoundableto(39)______wordsevenwiththemostintensiveprofessionalinstruction.The(40)______brainofmanisapparently(41)______forthemasteringofspeech.Whenmanbecamesufficientlyintelligent,wemustsupposethathegradually(42)______thenumberofcriesfordifferentpurposes.Itwasagreatdaywhenbediscoveredthatspeedcouldbeusedfor(43)______.Therearethosewhothinkthatinthisrespectpicturelanguageprecededorallanguage.Amancoulddrawapictureonthewallofhiscavetoshowinwhichdirectionhehadgone,orwhatpreyhehopedtocatch.(44)____________.Iaminclinedtothinkthatlanguagehasbeenthemostimportantsinglefactorinthedevelopmentofman.

Twoimportantstagescamenottoolongbeforethedawnofwrittenhistory.(45)____________.Agriculturewasastageinhumanprogresstowhichsubsequentlytherewasnothingcomparableuntilourownmachineage.(46)____________.Theywere,atfirst,onlythoseinwhichnaturefertilizedthesoilaftereachharvest.

22.【B11】

23.

【B5】

24.(45)

25.

【B9】

26.(19)

A.Hemightvisitthewomaninthehospital.

B.Hewillrefusetoacceptthewoman'spaper.

C.Hemaydenythewoman'srequesttohospital.

D.Hewillgivethewomanmoretimetowriteherpaper.

27.(13)

A.Colin'sspeechwasmoreinterestingthananyotherspeakers'.

B.Colin'sspeechwasdullbecauseitwastoolengthyandtedious.

C.Colin'sspeechwasn'tverygoodbuthewilldobetternexttime.

D.Colin'sspeechwasgoodconsideringthedifficultyofaddressingsomanyaudience.

28.(35)

A.Eatingmorefreshvegetablesandfruits.

B.Takingpillsofvitaminsandtraceelements.

C.Alternatingworkwithrest.

D.Doingregularexercise.

29.【B1】

30.(22)

A.Brutal.B.Depressive.C.Humorous.D.Conservative.

31.(34)

A.Governmentfunded.

B.Political.

C.Private.

D.Noneoftheabove.

32.聽力原文：M:There,theroomlooksreallygreatnowthatwefinallygotthefurniture.Aren'tyougladwemadeittotheclearancesale?

W:En,Istillcan'tgetoverthehugediscountswegot.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(17)

A.Thefurnitureistooheavytomoveintotheroom.

B.Shethoughtthefurniturewouldbemoreexpensive.

C.Shedoesn'trememberhowmuchthefurniturecost.

D.Sheisstillthinkingaboutthefurnitureboughtasabargain.

33.(40)

34.聽力原文：W:Tony,Ijustmovedintomynewapartment,andIneedtohavethephoneshookedup.IhavenoideawhatIamdoing.Ihavetomakeallthesedecisionsaboutlocal,locallong-distance,andlong-distancecarriers.

M:Iknow.It'sreallycomplicated.InAmerica,wehavesomewherebetweenfiveandtenthousandlong-distancetelephonecompanies.Competitionisnice,butsometimesIthinkwehavetoomuchchoice!Itwaseasierbeforederegulationintheearlyeighties.Thetelecommunicationsindustryhasbecomefartooconfusing,butatleastpriceshavereallygonedowninthelasttwentyyears.

W:WhydoIneedtochoosemorethanonecompany?

M:Wedividetelephoneserviceintothreecategories:local,locallong-distance,andlong-distance.Yourlong-distancecompanyallowsyoutocallforeigncountries,otherAmericanstates,andothercitiesinyourstate.Yourlocallong-distancecompanyallowsyoutocallsuburbsorregionsjustoutsideyourcity.And,ofcourse,yourlocalcompanyallowsyoutoplacecallswithinyourowncity.

W:Buttheyonlyaskedmetochoosealocallong-distancecompanyandalong-distancecompany.Don'tIgettochoosemylocalservice?

M:InSouthernCalifornia,wereallydon'thavemuchchoiceyetwhenitcomestolocalservice.It'sstillbasicallyamonopoly.

W:Isitreallyexpensivetomakelocaltelephonecallsthen?Howmuchdoesitcostperminute?

M:Actually,formostpeople,localcallsdonothaveaperminutecharge.Youpayyourlocaltelephonecompanyamonthlyservicefeeofaroundtentofifteendollarsforyourlocalservice,butthenwedon'thavetopayperminute.

(23)

A.Lowerprices.

B.Morechoices.

C.Morecompetition.

D.Morecompanies.

35.聽力原文：W:Ican'tbelieveIstillhavethispaininmyback.Thismedicinethedoctorgavemewassupposedtomakemefeelbetterbynow!

M:Maybeyoushouldstarttakingitthreetimesadaylikeyouweretold.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

(14)

A.Takethemedicineasshewasdirectedtodo.

B.Scheduleanotherappointmentwithherdoctor.

C.Stoptakingthemedicine.

D.Restherbackforafewdays.

36.聽力原文：W：HolidayInn．ThisisMaryAlice．WhatcanIdoforyou?

M：ThisisGeorgeWoods．Ibookedasingleroomfor3daysfromnextMondaytoWednesday．NowI'dliketochangethesingleroomtoadoubleroombecausemywifewilljoinme．

Q：Whatdoesthemanimply?

(16)

A.HewillnotstayinHolidayInn.

B.Hewantstomakesomechangestohisreservation.

C.Hewillstaythereforover3days.

D.Hewantstoorderasingleroomforhiswife.

37.聽力原文：TheAmericansbelievethatanybodycanbecomePresidentoftheUnitedStates.InarecentHollywoodcomedy,thatisexactlywhathappens.

DaveKovic,playedbyKevinKline,isakind-heartedmanwhorunsabusinessthatfindspeoplejobs.HeleadsatypicalAmericanwayoflife,exceptforonething—helooksexactlylikethePresident,BillMitchell.Infact,theonlythingthatmakeshimdifferentfromthenation'sleaderisthatheisverynice!

Thepresidenthasstartedusinglook-alikesduringsomepublicappearances.Daveisofferedachanceto"servehiscountry"bybecomingone.However,thingsgowrong.ThePresidentbecomesveryillandDaveendsupactingasthePresidentforever.

DirectorIvanReitman,whomadethepopularandsuccessfulcomedieslikeTwins,GhostbustersandLegalEagles,couldhavegoneforeasylaughsbymakingfunoftheAmericangovernment.Instead,Daveisanattractivecomedyaboutanordinarymaninextraordinarysituations.KevinKlinegivesadoubleperformanceasDaveandthePresident,andSigourneyWeaverisatherbestashisFirstLady.ThelovestorythatdevelopsbetweenherroleandDaveisarealclassic.

Thefilmis100%American.However,ifyou'veeverfeltthatanybodycoulddoabetterjobrunningthecountrythanthepeopleinpower,thenyou'llenjoyDave!

Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

30.WhoplaystheroleofthePresidentinthefilm?

31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

(30)

A.TomakeacomparisonbetweenDaveandotherfilms.

B.TodiscusstheAmericans'ideasaboutthePresident.

C.TotellreadersabouttheAmericangovernment.

D.Tointroduceanewfilmtothereader.

38.

【B3】

39.聽力原文：W:Exercise,exercise,exercise.Wehearsomuchaboutitthesedays,yeteventheexpertscan'tagreeonwhichexercisesarebest.Nowsomedoctorsarestronglyencouragingarmexercises.

M:Armexercises?Isthatbecauseourarmsaretoofatorflabby?

W:Actually,that'snotthemainreason.Theysaythatarmexercisesareanidealwaytobecomephysicallyfit.

M:Butdon'tarmexercisesraiseyourbloodpressure?

W:Thattheydo.ButthearticleIreadmentionedwaystocompensateforthat.

M:How?

W:Byaddinglegexercises,sothearmsdon'tdoallthework.Annexercisesalonearen'tenoughtoincreasemetabolismbeforefatiguesetsin.Themoreofthebodythat'sinvolvedintheexercise,thebetter.

M:Andinturn,I'msurethatthere'sagreaterchanceoflosingweight.

W:Soundsrighttome.

M:Sowhatexercisesdotheexpertsrecommend?

W:Theymentionedquiteafewbutsomeofthemorepopularonesarecyclingwithspecialbicyclesthatmakeyouusebothyourarmsandlegs,andwalkingvigorouslywhileyouweararmweights.

M:Imusttrythat,Iliketowalkalot.

(23)

A.Theydon'tgetridofflabbyarms.

B.Theycandamagearmmuscles.

C.Theyaren'tacceptabletomostpeople.

D.Theycanraiseone'sbloodpressure.

40.聽力原文：W:Ifthetrafficwasn'theldupforsolong,Iwouldhavebeentoclassbyteno'clock.

M:It'stoobadyoudidn'tmakeit.Theprofessorwaslookingforyouallmorning.

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

(15)

A.Shedidn'tgotoworkthismorning.

B.Shewasinjuredandhadtogotothehospital.

C.Shetalkedwiththebossinthemorning.

D.Thetrafficdelayedher.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Someadultscan'ttellfightfromwrong.

B.Censorshipiscomparedtothelawbecausebothofthemperform.goodservicetosocietyasawhole.

C.Censorspayattentiononlytogenuineworksofart.

D.Censorshipisnecessarybecausemanybooks,playsandfilmsarefarfrombeing"worksofart".

42.

Theoveralleffectofthispassageislikelytomakethereaderfeel______.

A.enthusiasticaboutbiotechnology

B.veryworryaboutgeneticengineering

C.reluctanttotrynewplantcombinations

D.alarmedaboutlimitlessexperiment

43.

Theword"incompatible"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans"______".

A.mutuallyunacceptabe

B.seeminglyincredible

C.hardlycomprehensible

D.extensivelyexistent

44.Indepartmentstoresandclosetsallovertheworld,theyarewaiting.Theiroutwardappearanceseemsratherappealingbecausetheycomeinavarietyofstyles,textures,andcolors.Buttheyareultimatelythebiggestdeceptionthatexistsinthefashionindustrytoday.Whatarethey?Theyarehighheels--awoman'senemy(whethersheknowsitornot).Highheelshoesarethedownfallofmodernsociety.Fashionmythshaveledwomentobelievethattheyaremorebeautifulorsophisticatedforwearingheels,butinreality,heelssucceedinposingshort-aswellaslong-termhardships.Womenshouldfightthehighheelindustrybyrefusingtowearorpurchasehighheelshoesinordertosavetheworldfromunnecessaryphysicalandpsychologicalsuffering.

Fromthesakeoffairness,itmustbenotedthatthereisapositivesidetohighheels.First,heelsareexcellentforaerating(使通氣awns.AnyonewhohaseverwornheelsongrassknowswhatIamtalkingabout.Asimpletriparoundtheyardinapairofthosebabieseliminatesallneedtocallforalawncarespecialist,andprovidestheperfect-sizedholestogiveanylawnoxygenwithoutallthosemessychunksofdirtlyingaround.Second,heelsarequitefunctionalfordefenseagainstoncomingenemies,whocaneasilybescaredawaybythreateningthemwithapairofthesesharp,deadlyfashionaccessories.

Regardlessofsuchpracticalusesforheels,thefactremainsthatwearinghighheelsisharmfultoone'sphysicalhealth.Talktoanypodiatrist,andyouwillhearthatthemajorityoftheirbusinesscomesfromhigh-heel-wearingwomen.Highheelsareknowntocauseproblemssuchasdeformedfeetandtomtoenails.Theriskofseverebackproblemsandtwistedorbrokenanklesisthreetimeshigherforaflatshoewearer.Wearingheelsalsocreatesthethreatofgettingaheelcaughtinasidewalkcrackorasewer-grate(陰溝柵)andbeingthrowntotheground--possiblybreakinganose,back,orneck.Andofcourse,afterwearingheelsforaday,anywomanknowsshecanlookforwardtoanightofpainasshetriestocomfortherswollen,achingfeet.

Whatmakeswomenblindtothedeceptivenatureofhighheels?

A.Themulti-functionaluseofhighheels.

B.Theirattempttoshowofftheirstatus.

C.Therichvarietyofhighheelstyles.

D.Theirwishtoimprovetheirappearance.

45.

FromthepassageweknowthatmostMBAs______.

A.canclimbthecorporateladderfairlyquickly

B.quittheirjobsoncetheyarefamiliarwiththeirworkmates

C.receivesalariesthatdonotmatchtheirprofessionaltraining

D.cherishunrealisticexpectationsabouttheirfuture

46.

Accordingtotheauthor,what'sthemainreasonforthefailuresofmostenterprises?

47.

Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe______.

A.Biotechnology—AnotherGreenRevolution.

B.Biotechnology—HopeandConcerns

C.Soybean—theFutureDinnerFoodforAmericans

D.ScientificResearchinAgriculture

48.InGermany，______.

A.birthratehasgoneupto1.3perwoman

B.peopleover65nowconstitutesabouthalftheadultpopulation

C.itspopulationofunder-35sistwiceaslargeasthatofover-65s

D.by2030itsworkingforcemayhaveshrunkby25%

49.

Howshouldbook-sellersdo?

A.Theyshouldbothsufferforalongtimeandsatisfycustomers'wishes.

B.Theyshouldbothendureandindulgeforalongtime.

C.Theyshouldbebothtenderandlenient.

D.Theyshouldbebothpatientandkind.

50.Chemistrydidnotemergeasascienceuntilafterthescientificrevolutionintheseventeenthcenturyandthenonlyratherslowlyandlaboriously.Butchemicalknowledgeisasoldashistory,beingalmostentirelyconcernedwiththepractical'artsofliving.Cookingisessentiallyachemicalprocess;soistheinchingofmetalsandtheadministrationofdrugsandpotions.Thisbasicchemicalknowledge,whichwasappliedinmostcasesasaruleofthumb,wasneverthelessdependentonpreviousexperiment.Italsoservedtostimulateafundamentalcuriosityabouttheprocessesthemselves.Newinformationwasalwaysbeinggainedasartisansimprovedtechniquestogainbetterresults.

Thedevelopmentofascientificapproachtochemistrywas,however,

hampered

byseveralfactors.Themostseriousproblemwasthevastrangeofmaterialavailableandtheconsequentdifficultyoforganizingitintosomesystem.Inaddition,there'weresocialandintellectualdifficulties,chemistryisnothingifnotpractical,thosewhopracticeitmustusetheirhands,theymusthaveacertainpracticalflair.Yetinmanyancientcivilizations,practicaltaskswereprimarilytheprovinceofaslavepopulation.Thethinkerorphilosopherstoodapartfromthismundaneworld,wherethepracticalartsappearedtolackanyintellectualcontentorinterest.

Thefinalproblemforearlychemicalsciencewastheelementofsecrecy.Expertsinspecifictradeshaddevelopedtheirowntechniquesandguardedtheirknowledgetopreventothersfromstealingtheirlivelihood.Anotherfactorthatcontributedtosecrecywastheesotericnatureoftheknowledgeofalchemists,whoweretryingtotransform.basemetalsintogoldorwereconcernedwiththehuntfortheelixirthatwouldbestowtheblessingofeternallife.Inonesense,

thesecondofthesewasthemoreseriousimpediment

becausetherecordsofthechemicalprocessesthatearlyalchemistshaddiscoveredwereoftenwrittendowninsymboliclanguageintelligibletoveryfeworinsymbolsthatwerepurposelyobscure.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thescientificrevolutionintheseventeenthcentury.

B.Reasonsthatchemistrydevelopedslowlyasascience.

C.Thepracticalaspectsofchemistry.

D.Difficultiesoforganizingchemicalknowledgesystematically.

51.

Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideasofthepassageis______.

A.TechnicalProgress

B.Man'sDistinguishingCharacteristics

C.LearningforItsOwnSake

D.TheDifferenceBetweenScienceandPhilosophy

52.

【C8】______

53.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

OnesummermywifeandIwereinvitedbyfriendstorowdowntheColoradoRiverinaboat.Ourexpeditionincludedmanyhighlysuccessfulpeople--thekindwhohavestaffstotakecareoflife'sdailywork.Butinthewilderrapids(湍流),allofusnaturallysetasideanypretensesandputourbacksinto(竭盡全力于)everystroketokeeptheboatfromtumblingover.Ateachnight'sencampment,weallhauledsuppliesandcleaneddishes.Afteronlytwodaysintheriver,peopleaccustomedtobeingspoiledandindulgedhadbecomeateam,workingtogethertocopewiththeunpredictabletwistsandturnsoftheriver.

Ibelievethatinlife--aswellasonboattrips--teamworkwillmakeallourjourneyssuccessfulones.Therhythmsofteamworkhavebeentherhythmsofmylife.Iplayedbasketballalongsidefamousplayers,andtheteamInowcoach,theNewYorkKnicks,hasrecoveredfromyearsofadversitytobecomeamajorcontenderinthe1990s.

I'mpersuadedthatteamworkisthekeytomakingdreamcometrue.Weallplayonanumberofteamsinourlives--aspartofafamily,ascitizens,asmembersofanagreement,writtenorunwritten.Itcontainsthevaluesandgoalsforeveryteammember.

Forexample,inthelate1970saGeneralMotorsplantinFremont,Calif,wasthesceneofconstantwarfarebetweenlaborandmanagement.Distrustransohighthatthelaborcontractwashundredsofpagesoftrickylegalterms.GMspentmillionstryingtokeepthefacilityuptodate,butproductivityandqualitywerecontinuallypoor.Absenteeismwassooutofcontrolthattheproductionlinecouldn'tevenstartuponsomemornings.Finallyintheearly1980s,GMshutdowntheplant.

GMbecameconvincedthatithadtocreatenewproductionsystemsbasedonteamwork.Inthemid-1980sitreopenedtheFremontplantwithToyota,startingfromscratchwithamuchsimplerandshorterlaborcontract.Itpromisedthatexecutivesalarieswouldbereducedandjobsperformedbyoutsidesellerswouldbegiventoemployeesbeforeanylayoffswereconsidered.Overahundredjobclassificationswerecuttojusttwo.Insteadofdoingoneboringjoboverandover,workersagreedtobepartofsmallteams,spendingequaltimeonvarioustasks.

Whatcommentdidtheauthormakeaboutthehighlysuccessfulpeopletravelingwithhim?

54.

Althoughthegreenmovementisstillinitsearlyage.ithasbeen______.

55.

Whywouldanti-AIDSdrugsstopworking?

56.Basedontheideaspresentedinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"______inAmericansociety.

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsidered