(中考)2021中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)

2021中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)復(fù)習(xí)是對(duì)前面已學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)再加工，并根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)情況對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)調(diào)整，為下一階段的學(xué)習(xí)做好準(zhǔn)備。因此，每上完一節(jié)課，每學(xué)完一篇課文，一個(gè)單元，一冊(cè)書(shū)都要及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。假設(shè)復(fù)習(xí)適時(shí)恰當(dāng)，知識(shí)遺忘就少。這是我嘔心瀝血收集整理的中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)，下面我就帶大家分享展示一下中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有以下：can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)mustnot.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞須用原形，否認(rèn)式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加not。②個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式，過(guò)去式用來(lái)表達(dá)更加客氣，委婉的語(yǔ)氣，時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng)，可用于過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。③情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。名詞的所有格名詞所有格，用來(lái)表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系。.表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加s,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s,例如：astudentsroom,studentsrooms,fathersshoes。.如其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加s，如：ChildrensDay。.在表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量、價(jià)格、世界、國(guó)家等名詞的所有格要用s，例如：atwentyminuteswalk，tenmilesjourney，aboatslength，twopoundsweight,tendollarsworth。.無(wú)生命名詞的所有格那么必須用of結(jié)構(gòu),例如:amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。5.雙重所有格，例如：afriendofmyfatherso注意：如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有s，那么表示“分別有〃，例如：JohnsandMarysrooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）;TomsandMarysbikes（兩人各自的自行車(chē)）。兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè)s，那么表示“共有〃，例如:JohnandMarysroom（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）;TomandMarysmother（即Tom與Mary是兄妹）。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)代構(gòu)成（一）時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要由動(dòng)詞的原形表示，如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，那么在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。（二）時(shí)態(tài)的用法：1、表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)和現(xiàn)階段的習(xí)慣常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：often,sometimes,usually,always,seldom,inthemorning,everyday,onSunday等。如：Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.Thestudentshavesportsatfiveeveryafternoon.Doesheworkhard2、表示不受時(shí)間限制的事實(shí)或普遍真理Threeplustwoisfive.Aplaneisfasterthanacar.ChinaisinAsia.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.3、在含時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句那么用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作。如：Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.She’llgotoseehimassoonasshearrives.Whentheycome,they’lltellyousomethingimportant.4、在含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中盡管主句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，但如果賓語(yǔ)從句所述內(nèi)容是客觀真理，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Theteachertoldherpupilsthatthesunrisesintheeast.5、表示已經(jīng)安排或方案好將來(lái)必定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一般用be,come,go,arrive,leave,start等動(dòng)詞。如：MybirthdayfallsonMay2.Themeetingisat2:00p.m.Hisshipleavesat9:00a.m.6、圖片說(shuō)明、電影說(shuō)明、解說(shuō)戲劇內(nèi)容及場(chǎng)景動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Scene1(MaryandMissGreenareintheprofessor’sroom-alarge,pleasantroomwithmanybooks.Thereisabigdesknearthewindow.)7、幾個(gè)由here,there開(kāi)頭的句子動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Theregoesthebell.Let’shurry.Herecomestheteacher.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí))。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)2.Johnwasgiven orangebagforhisbirthdaybut bagwaslostjustnow.A.an,aB.a,theC.the,aD.an,the.There'soldtreenearhouse.A.a,anB.an,theC.a,theD.the,a.Thereis___800-metre-longroadbehind___hospital.A.an,anB.a,aC.an,theD.a,the. good,kindgirlsheis!A.HowB.WhataC.WhatD.Howa.badweather!Ihopeitwon'tlastlong.A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Howa. theyarelisteningtotheteacher!A.HowcarefulB.WhatcarefulC.HowcarefullyD.Whatcarefully由上例題我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)冠詞和感慨句是必考內(nèi)容。同樣，象賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序、代詞的格、主謂語(yǔ)一致、動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配、近義詞的比擬以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用等，無(wú)一不在考查之列。所有這一切語(yǔ)言根底知識(shí)，我都將通過(guò)對(duì)典型試題的解題分析，展開(kāi)討論，分層展示難易比照，系統(tǒng)歸納。對(duì)于語(yǔ)言根底知識(shí)是這樣處理，那么對(duì)以能力測(cè)試為主要目的的中考其他試題形式又該怎么辦呢這里我們以一篇完形填空題為例：Apoorfarmerhadneverlefthissmallvillage.Afterhe(1)alotofmoney,hedecidedtospendaholidayinane-pensivehotel(旅館)inabigtown.(2)lunchtimecameonhisfirstdaythere,hewenttoeatintherestaurant(餐館)ofthehotel(3)hisnewclothes.Theheadwaiter(效勞員)(4)himtothetable,tookhisorderandwentaway.Whenheturnedand(5)thefarmeragain,hehada(6)!Thefarmerhadtied(系)histableclothroundhis(7).Theheadwaitertoldanotherwaitertogotothefarmerand(8)himthatpeople(9)dosuchathinginhisrestaurant.Sothewaiterwenttothefarmerandsaidina(10)voice(聲音),Goodmorning,sir.Wouldyoulikeahaircut.A.lentB.madeC.paidD.gave.A.DuringB.ThoughC.WhenD.Because.A.forB.withC.onD.in.A.wantedB.putC.showedD.brought.A.lookedatB.watchedC.sawD.found.A.lookB.restC.tableclothD.surprise.A.armB.neckC.handD.head.A.askB.tellC.taughtD.told.A.can'tB.don'tC.won'tD.mustn't.A.friendlyB.tiredC.sadD.ter要求考生從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案，使補(bǔ)足后的短文意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。對(duì)此，考生必須通篇考慮，不能拿來(lái)就做，那樣必然顧此失彼，前后意思不得連貫。目前的中考完型還側(cè)重于語(yǔ)法，這將在逐年試題的變革中轉(zhuǎn)向按上下文的要求來(lái)推斷理解。在解這類(lèi)題時(shí)，必須掌握“詞感現(xiàn)象〞，注意學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分“干擾項(xiàng)〞。所謂詞感，“thesenseofword是指一種對(duì)詞或詞群的感受能力。對(duì)詞的感受力強(qiáng)，在解題時(shí)會(huì)較為容易地找到它與情景的關(guān)系。詞感并不僅僅指詞與詞之間的細(xì)微差異，也并不注重詞的搭配與組合，它較多地強(qiáng)調(diào)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，以利于對(duì)情景作出符合邏輯的判斷。同時(shí)也就把其它三個(gè)作為干擾項(xiàng)的選擇項(xiàng)排除掉了。最后復(fù)讀一篇全文，就會(huì)語(yǔ)感流暢，句意明確。這兒舉例的目的是想說(shuō)明，我從一個(gè)較高的立意來(lái)對(duì)中考題型，特別是完形、閱讀等，進(jìn)行分析、探討，借以使同學(xué)們獲得較為完整的解題思路和解題方法。詞匯(一)這一講里，主要幫助同學(xué)們掌握名詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞的用法，特別是針對(duì)同學(xué)不易掌握的方面。一、名詞關(guān)于名詞，我們必須掌握名詞的數(shù)，名詞的格。單數(shù)可用a、an來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，在元音發(fā)音開(kāi)頭的單詞前用an,而不是a.復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法：(1)一般在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加s,如：dog--dogs。(2)以s、-、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es，如：watch--watches。(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加es，如：country--countries。請(qǐng)區(qū)別：如果是元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，那么只須加s。如：monkey--monkeys。（4）以o結(jié)尾的名詞，只有potato（土豆），tomato（西紅柿）力口es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。（5）以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞，變f、fe為v再加es,如：knife--knives。.單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的詞：sheep--sheep,fish--fishChinese-Chinese,Japanese--Japanese.特殊變化的單詞有：（l）tooth--teeth,foot--feeth（2）man--men,woman--women,policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen請(qǐng)區(qū)別：German（德國(guó)人）一Germans⑶child—children.常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：people（人），clothes（衣服），trousers（褲子）glasses（眼鏡），這些名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別注意它們的謂語(yǔ)，用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Myclothesare（be）newerthanyours..有些名詞看似復(fù)數(shù)形式,實(shí)際上是單數(shù)。這一點(diǎn)是同學(xué)不易掌握的，應(yīng)特別加以記憶。如：news（消息），maths（數(shù)學(xué)），physics（物理）Nonewsisgoodnews..可用howmany,many,afew,few,alotof,lotsof,some,any等來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Howmanyarethereinyourpencil-bo-（knife）不可數(shù)名詞：1.常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞有：water,rice,fish,meat,等。應(yīng)特別記medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood..不可數(shù)名詞無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)?？闯蓡螖?shù)。如：Somebread overthere.(be).常用howmuch,much,alittle,little,alotof,some,any等來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。.常用apieceof,acupof等來(lái)表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。如要表達(dá)“兩片面包〃這樣的意義，bread仍為不可數(shù)名詞，不加s,而piece那么可力口s。即：twopiecesofbread請(qǐng)區(qū)別：可數(shù)名詞也可用量來(lái)表示，如：三箱蘋(píng)果threebo-esofapples1、Thesetwopiecesofbread overthere.(be)2、CouldIhavethree ,pleaseA.pieceofbreadB.pieceofbreadsC.piecesofbreadD.piecesofbreads名詞的格名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法，在名詞后加“'s〃。如：Tom玲Tom's譯為"…的〃，假設(shè)遇上以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，那么在s后加“'"即可。如：Teachers'Day,twoweeks'holiday,而不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格，仍按慣例加's。如：Children'sDay關(guān)于名詞所有格，應(yīng)掌握以下幾點(diǎn)：.可用名詞所有格表示地點(diǎn)。如：myaunt's我姑姑家。gotothedoctor's去醫(yī)生家。.表示兩人共同擁有，在最后一個(gè)名詞后加's如：LucyandLily's露西和莉莉的.掌握詞組：agirloffive一個(gè)五歲的女孩afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友eg;Thewhiteshirtisandblueoneis.A、Kate,myB.Kate's,mineC.Kate,mineD.Kate's,my二、冠詞冠詞是詞匯中的根底的，也是簡(jiǎn)單的局部，所以同學(xué)們有必要掌握其根本用法，歸納起來(lái)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該掌握以下幾點(diǎn)：.冠詞指不定冠詞a,an和定冠詞the.不定冠詞an常用于元音發(fā)音開(kāi)頭的詞前，如：anhour,anEnglishcar.請(qǐng)區(qū)別：ausefulmachine.指上文提到過(guò)的人或物，用定冠詞the.在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前用定冠詞the.如：thesun,themoon,theearth.定冠詞the用于序數(shù)詞前，表示方位的名詞和形容詞級(jí)前。如：thefirst,thebest,inthesouth.在復(fù)數(shù)姓氏前加the，表示-一家人，?？闯蓮?fù)數(shù)。如：TheBrownsaregoingtoShanghaiforaholidaythissummer..在介詞短語(yǔ)中常用定冠詞the，如：inthebo-,behindthechair8.特別注意不能用定冠詞the的幾個(gè)方面：(1)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)、年等詞前不用冠詞。如：insummer,inAugust請(qǐng)區(qū)別：inthespringof1945.(這里表示特指，故加the)(2)一日三餐和球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)名不用冠詞。如：havebreakfast,playfootball(3)一些固定詞組中，如：gotobed,gotoschool,bybus,atnight.9.在有些詞組中，有冠詞和無(wú)冠詞意思不同，請(qǐng)注意區(qū)別：infrontof在…前面inthehospital在醫(yī)院里inthefrontof在…范圍內(nèi)的前部inhospital(生病)住院練習(xí):There's800-metre-longroadbehind hospital.A.an,anB.a,aC.an,theD.a,the三、數(shù)詞同學(xué)們首先應(yīng)會(huì)讀會(huì)寫(xiě)所有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，以及與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。對(duì)數(shù)詞的考查，中考常采用單項(xiàng)選擇題及聽(tīng)力題，這些題型歸納起來(lái)，應(yīng)掌握以下幾點(diǎn)特別容易出錯(cuò)的地方。1.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。其規(guī)律為：1,2,3特殊記，加th從4起(first,second,third,fourth)8少t,9去e,千萬(wàn)別忘記(eighth,ninth)逢5逢12,ve變f(fifth,twelfth)20到90，y要變ie(twentieth,ninetieth)假設(shè)是幾十幾，前基后序別倒位(ninety-first).hundred,thousand,million在構(gòu)成具體的數(shù)字時(shí)用單數(shù)形式。如：fivehundredpeople.只有在表達(dá)籠統(tǒng)的多數(shù)時(shí)才加s，構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式。hundredsof數(shù)以百計(jì)的,成百上千的thousandsof數(shù)以千計(jì)的,成千上萬(wàn)的millionsof數(shù)百萬(wàn)的這些詞組前不能用具體數(shù)字。.序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞the連用。練習(xí):①Henryhaslearnedeight Frenchwordsthisyear.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredofD.hundredsof②ThelessonisthemostdifficultoneinBookTwo.(twenty)另外，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)掌握與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。順讀法(鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘)如：4:30fourthirty4:45fourforty-five4:15fourfifteen倒讀法(分鐘+to/past+鐘點(diǎn))如：4:30halfpastfour4:15fifteenpastfour/aquarterpastfour4:45fifteentofive/aquartertofive練習(xí)題:.Atthebeginningofthe(twenty)century,theworld'spopulationwasabout1700million..Arethese (watch)yoursYes..Youdon'tlookwell.You'dbettergotothe (doctor)atonce..Wouldyougiveme ,pleaseA.twopapersB.twopieceofpaperC.twopiecesofpaperD.twopiecesofpapers.Therearethree andseven inthepicture.A.monkeys,sheepsB.monkeys,sheepC.monkies,sheepD.monkies,sheeps.Alotof aretalkingwithtwo .A.Germans,FrenchmansB.Germen,FrenchmansC.German,FrenchmenD.Germans,Frenchmen.June1is__.A.theChildren'sDayB.theChildrens'DayC.Children'sDayD.Childrens'Day. peoplewentouttoseewhathadhappened.A.ThousandsofB.ThreethousandofC.ThousandofD.Threethousands.Wehavebeenintheschoolfor .A.threeandahalfmonthB.threeandahalfmonthsC.threemonthandahalfD.threemonthsandhalf. Englishis usefullanguage.A.A,anB./,aC.The,anD.A,/11.Johnwasgiven orangebagforhisbirthdaybut bagwaslostjustnow.A.an,aB.a,theC.the,aD.an,the.There's oldtreenear house.A.a,anB.an,theC.a,theD.the,a.Thereis 800-metre-longroadbehind hospital.A.an,anB.a,aC.an,theD.a,the四.代詞①人稱(chēng)代詞：主格：?jiǎn)螖?shù)I、you、he、she、it復(fù)數(shù)we、you、they賓格：?jiǎn)螖?shù)me、you、him、her、it復(fù)數(shù)us、you、them⑵物主代詞:形容詞性my、your、his、her、its、our、your、their名詞性mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、yours、theirs③反身代詞:myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。.注意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如：⑵Thesebooksaren'tours.Oursarenew.（這里ours=ourbooks）⑵Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.（這里ours=ourroom）3.of+名詞性物主代詞表示所屬如：asisterofhis他的一個(gè)妹妹afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友.人稱(chēng)代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)椋骸暗诙朔Q(chēng)，第三人稱(chēng)，第一人稱(chēng)〞。如：You,sheandIallenjoythemusic..關(guān)于反身代詞，同學(xué)們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime（過(guò)得很愉快）byoneself=alone（單獨(dú)、單獨(dú)）helponeselfto...（隨便吃/喝些...）learnsth.byoneself=teachoneselfsth.（自學(xué)）練習(xí)題1.-Whosetrousersarethese- ,Ithink.A.TheyB.TheirC.TheirsD.Them2.Nobodytaught___English.Hetaught .A.him,himselfB.his,himselfC.him,byhimselfD.his,his（二）修飾可數(shù)名詞manyfew表否認(rèn)意義afew表肯定意義修飾不數(shù)名詞muchlittle表否認(rèn)意義alittle表肯定意義few和little與quite或only連用時(shí)，常加不定冠詞a.如:Therearequiteafewnewbooksinthelibrary.=用little,alittle,few,afew填空：.IoftenstayathomebecauseIhave friendshere..Jim,don'tgoandgetsomewater.Thereiswaterintheglass..ThoughhelearnedFrenchonly weeks.Hecanspeakverywell..Lilyhad breadbecauseshewashungryyesterday.（三）不定代詞:something,anything,nothing.當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個(gè)不定代詞時(shí)，常后置。如：somethingnewThere'sintoday'snewspaper.中考題A.importantanythingB.importantsomethingC.anythingimportantD.somethingimportant（四）另外，還要注意代詞some,every,all,both,either,anotherl.some（一些，某）一般用于肯定句中注：some有時(shí)也可用于表示請(qǐng)求的疑問(wèn)句中。any（任何）多用于疑問(wèn)句和否認(rèn)句①Willyougivemesomewater②Wouldyoulikesomemeat③MayIasksomequestions④CouldIhavesomeapples2.every+單數(shù)名詞“每一個(gè)〃強(qiáng)調(diào)共性，作定語(yǔ)，形式上為單數(shù)。each“每一個(gè)〞強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性，作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)，常與of連用。如:Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.Eachofthemhasaniceskirt.Everychildlikesplayinggames.3.all“（全部）都〞表示三者或三者以上，作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在連系、助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前。none“沒(méi)有〃表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介詞of如：WeareallfromCanada.=AllofusarefromCanada.Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs.（單、復(fù)數(shù)均可）.both“（兩者）都〞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作復(fù)數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。either“兩者中任何一個(gè)〞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù);作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，后跟名詞單數(shù)。neither”（兩者）都不〃，含有否認(rèn)意義，用法同either。如：①Theybothswimwell,=Bothofthemswimwell.②Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet.=Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.③NeitherofusisgoingtoBeijingne-tweek.④Neitheranswerisright..another+單數(shù)名詞,“另一個(gè)〞one…theother“一個(gè) ，另一個(gè) "theother+復(fù)數(shù)名詞=theothers“其他的人或物〞（指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部）others“別人〞（五）疑問(wèn)代詞5個(gè)“wh”,即who,whose,whom,what,which這里，which是同學(xué)們不易掌握的內(nèi)容，其實(shí)，同學(xué)們只須記住，對(duì)作定語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容提問(wèn)，常用which.例如：Iliketheredshirt.doyoulike練習(xí):一、根據(jù)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使句意通順，語(yǔ)法完整.Canyoucomewithus(we)7,Theseskirtsarehers.Yoursareoverthere.(she).Pleasetakecareofyourselves,boysandgirls.(you)don'tthinkthisismyfrisby,thoughitlookslikemine.(I)lO.Lookatthosebooks.Aretheyyours(that)二、根據(jù)首字母填空11.Isthereanythinginterestinginthenewspaper12.Sheaskedustohelpeachother..Theoldmancanneitherreadnorwrite..Nothingisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.15.Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish,Lucy.三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換16>A:Thechildrenplayedhappilyinthezooyesterday.Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthezooyesterday.17>A:Hedoesn'tlikemutton,andshedoesn't,either.Neitherhenorshelikesmutton.18>A:AlltheAmericanpeopledon'tlikesandwiches.NotalltheAmericanpeoplelikesandwiches.19>A:Theydon'toftenhearthetwinssingthesongintheschool.B:Neitherofthetwinsisoftenheardtosingthesongintheschool.[ZK)]四、單項(xiàng)選擇(C)20、-CanyouspeakChinese,Peter-Yes,butonly.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew(A)21>-DoyoulikeJane'snewskirt-Yes,verymuch.I'llaskmumtobuyforme.A.oneB.itC.theotherD.a(B)22、Thecolorofherskirtisdifferentfromofmine.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this(B)23、Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming,likeballgames.A.theothersB.othersC.theotherD.other(A)24、-I'llgivetheboystoeat.-Oh,Iknow,fishandchips.A.somethingEnglishB.EnglishsomethingC.anythingEnglishD.Englishanything(D)25、-ShallIhelpyouwiththeheavybo-No,thanks,Icandoit.A.meB.myC.mineD.myself(D)26、-Whattimeshallwemeetthisafternoon,3:00or4:00-Idon'tmind.timeisOK.A.NeitherB.EachC.AnyD.Either(C)27、-Mybagisfull,whatabout-isfull,too.A.you,YoursB.his,HeC.yours,MineD.hers,She(D)28、-I'vehadenoughbread,Wouldyoulike-No,thanks.A.afewmoreB.onemoreC.anothermoreD.somemore(A)29、Therearemanytreesonsidesoftheriver.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.each(A)1、Hehastwobikes,oneisnew,isold.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others(C)2、Withoutthesun,couldgrowintheworld.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything(B)3>ofthemisgoingtoplaybasketballwithyouthisafternoon.A.AllB.NeitherC.SomeD.Both(B)4、-Canyoutellmewhatapandalookslike-Look!Thisisapictureof.A.itB.oneC.twoD.some(B)5、Therearenotmanypearshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little二、形容詞副詞大多數(shù)的形容詞、副詞都有三個(gè)等級(jí)：原級(jí)：比擬級(jí)：比擬...，更...一些級(jí)：最...（A）1.構(gòu)成：（規(guī)那么情況）情況變化方法例詞單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞：一般情況加er,estclever-cleverer-cleverest以字母e結(jié)尾力口r,stnice-nicer-nicest重讀閉音節(jié)、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)雙寫(xiě)加er,estbig-bigger-biggest以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾變y為i加er,estearly-earlier-earliest局部雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞在詞前加more,most slowly-moreslowly-mostslowly2.不規(guī)那么變化，須熟記： good/well-better-bestmany/much-more-mostfar-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-worse-worstlittle-less-least（B）常見(jiàn)的使用情況1.as…as…和...一樣（中間用原級(jí)）2.notas（so）…as和...不一樣（中間用原級(jí)）3…than......比...（用比擬級(jí)）.有范圍修飾的用級(jí)如:2,of,among或用從句修飾的eg.⑵Winteristhecoldestseasonoftheyear.⑵ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen..比擬級(jí)+and+比擬級(jí)意為“越來(lái)越....eg:wetterandwettermoreandmorebeautiful.The+比擬級(jí)，the+比擬級(jí)越 就越 eg:Themore,thebetter.越多越好(C)注意點(diǎn)：1.形容詞級(jí)前一定要用the,副詞級(jí)前可省略。.可用much,alittle,even,still等修飾比擬級(jí)。.在比擬級(jí)中為了防止重復(fù)，在than后常用one,that,those等詞來(lái)替代前面提到過(guò)的名詞。eg:TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai.(D)掌握三種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：.Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.=Heisthetallest(student)inhisclass..Thisfilmislessinterestingthanthatone,=Thisfilmisn'tasinterestingasthatone.=Thatfilmismoreinterestingthanthisone..IprefermathstoEnglish.=IlikemathsbetterthanEnglish.Whichdoyoulike ,fish,meat eggsA.best,orB.better,orC.best,andD.better,and此外，關(guān)于形容詞、副詞的內(nèi)容同學(xué)們還須掌握：.形容詞修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)，跟在連系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)。.副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其它副詞enough屬例外詞：形/副+enoughtodoenough+名詞例如;Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她夠上學(xué)的年齡了。.區(qū)別幾組易混淆的副詞：也too用于肯定、疑問(wèn)句also較為正式書(shū)面語(yǔ)either用于否認(rèn)句已經(jīng)already常用于肯定句、疑問(wèn)句yet常用于否認(rèn)句、疑問(wèn)句不再no(notany)longer從時(shí)間上講no(notany)more從動(dòng)作上講如此這樣such修飾名詞eg:suchabigbo-so修飾形容詞、副詞eg:sobig單獨(dú)、單獨(dú)alone作表語(yǔ)=byoneself孤獨(dú)的lonely可作表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)eg:Agroupofgirlsaresinginganddancing overthere.(happy)練習(xí)題1.Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake._areclimbingthehill.A.OthersB.OtherC.AnotherD.Theother.Thereisn'tintoday'snewspaper.A.importantsomethingB.importantanythingC.anythingimportantD.nothingimportant.-Whosewatchisthis,MaryIsityoursister's-No,Mum.It'snot .It's .A.hers,myB.her,myC.Mine,hersD.hers,mineheChangjiangRiveristhethird__riverintheworld.A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongestAnelephantis thanahorse.A.morestrongB.muchstrongerC.themoststrongD.muchmorestrongWhichdoyoulike ,tea,orangeorwaterA.goodB.WellC.BetterD.Best一、介詞.與形容詞搭配的詞組有：beafraidof（怕）beangrywith（生某人的氣）beawayfrom（不在某地）bedifferentfrom（與…不同）begoodat（善于）begood/badfor（對(duì)…有益/有害）beinterestedin（對(duì)…感興趣）belatefor（遲到）be/getreadyfor（為作好準(zhǔn)備）besureof（對(duì)…有把握）beworriedabout（為…感到擔(dān)憂(yōu)）.介詞后常用人稱(chēng)代詞賓格和動(dòng)詞-ing形式1）Youmusttakegoodcareofher.2）Thankyouforteachingussowell..幾組易混淆的介詞“在...之后〞in+一段時(shí)間（用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）after+一段時(shí)間（用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)）after+一點(diǎn)時(shí)間（常用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）如：Thebabystoppedcryingafterhalfanhour.Thebabywillstopcryinginhalfanhour.TheywillvisittheirteacherafterFriday.for+一段時(shí)間since+過(guò)去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間這兩者均用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體在時(shí)態(tài)局部，我會(huì)繼續(xù)向同學(xué)們講解。bemadeof用 制成bemadein"由某地制造"bemadebysomebody“由某人制成〞in,on,at表時(shí)間in“在某月（季節(jié)、年）等"eg:in1996,inJanuary,insummer固定詞組：inthemorning,inaweek,inaminute,intime,intheendon用于指具體的某一天或?qū)Ｖ改骋惶焐衔纭⑾挛缁蛲砩系萫g:onChristmasDay,onthenightofFebruary16at“用于具體時(shí)刻前和某些固定詞組中〞固定詞組：atseven,atthemoment,atnight,atlast,atfirst,atnoon,attimes,atonce,atthistimeoftheyear,atthebeginningof,attheendofthismonth,atthesametime注意：在表時(shí)間里，以下情況下一般不用介詞。詞組里有：ne-t,last,this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,one,every,all以及thedaybeforeyesterday和thedayaftertomorrow前不用介詞。如:不能說(shuō)intomorrow,只能說(shuō)tomorrow在明天e-cept+賓格/doingsomething除…之外"（不包括本身）Everyoneisatschooltodaye-ceptLinTao.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）=OnlyLinTaoisn'tatschooltoday.“用〞通過(guò)交通工具byplane用語(yǔ)言inEnglish通過(guò)媒介on/overthetelephone,on/overtheradio,onTV用工具手段withapen,withone'shandsbetween“在~和~（兩者）之間〞between...and...,betweenthetwo...among在...之間（三者或三者以上）eg.Suespentovertwohours___herhomeworkyesterdayevening.A.onB.withC.atD.over中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)31.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)a.這是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“某地有某物〃其含義為“存在有〞。eg.Therearetwentygirlsinourclass.have也解釋為“有”但是與therebe有區(qū)別，它的含義是“所有，屬有〃，其主語(yǔ)為某人。eg.Ihaveanicewatch.b.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致。c.Thereisarivernearourschool.否：Thereisnotarivernearourschool.問(wèn)：Istherearivernearourschool.答復(fù)：Yes,thereis.No,thereisnt.戈U⑵Howmanyriversaretherenearourschool⑵Whatsnearourschoold.therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)，同學(xué)們較難掌握，其正確形式為：thereisgoingtobee.反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成：Thereisnowaterintheglass,isthere①Thereisgoingtoafootballmatchthisafternoon.A.haveB.watchC.beD.play②Theyweresurethattheyweregoingtoarest.A.beB.haveC.beonD.on2.so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，為了防止和前一句話(huà)的內(nèi)容重復(fù)，英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣用so,neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。a.So+be（助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語(yǔ)。表示某人也是如此。eg.Mikehasboughtsomeforeignstamps.SohasBob.=Bobhasboughtsome,too.b.Neither+be（助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+主語(yǔ)，表示某人也不。eg.MotherhasneverbeentoJapan.NeitherhasFather.=FatherhasneverbeentoJapan,either.c.So+主語(yǔ)+be（助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）。表示果真如此（贊同），請(qǐng)同學(xué)們與a.區(qū)別。eg.A:Mikeisrightintheclassroom.B:Soheis.=Heisreallyintheclassroom..Its+時(shí)間+since動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。自從…起已有…時(shí)間了。⑵Itstwoweekssincewemetlast.（自從我們上次見(jiàn)面已有兩個(gè)星期了）⑵HowlongisitsinceweleftBeijing（自從我們離開(kāi)北京已有多久了.祈使句+and（那么）…eg.Gostraightonandyoullseeaschool.=Ifyougostraighton,youllseeaschool..祈使句+or...否那么...eg.Workhard,oryouwillfallbehindtheotherstudents.=Ifyoudontworkhard,youllfallbehindtheother.The+比擬級(jí)…，the+比擬級(jí)…越…越…eg.⑵Themore,thebetter,越多越好。⑵Theharderyouworkonit,thebetteryoullbeatit.（你越用功，你就越好。）.Howdoyoulikethefilm=Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm（你認(rèn)為這部電影怎樣）.What...dowith...怎樣對(duì)付...怎樣處理...雖然中文為怎樣，我們絕不可照字面翻譯為how.eg.A:WhathaveyoudonewiththelibrarybookB:Ivejustreturnedittothelibrary.9.Idontknowwhattodo.我不知道該怎么辦Idontknowhowtodo.x10.What...belike...是什么樣的eg.⑵Whatstheweatherlike天氣如何⑵Whatsyourschoollike你們］是什么樣的11.What...for為何目的為什么eg.Whatdoyouwantasciencelabfor=Whydoyouwantasciencelab12.oneof+級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)最...之一eg.MissZhaoisoneofthemostpopularteachers.13.findit+形容詞+todoeg.IfinditusefultolearnEnglishwell.（我覺(jué)察學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是很有用的）find+賓語(yǔ)+名詞eg.Ifindhimagoodboy.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)好男孩.）find+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞eg.Ifindthedooropen/closed.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)/關(guān)著）Ifindourbagsfilledwith/fullofpresents.（我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的包裝滿(mǎn)了禮物）Idontthink+肯定句我想...不eg.IdontthinkIlltakeit.（我想我不買(mǎi)它了）請(qǐng)注意:中文意思否認(rèn)在從句中,但是英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)否認(rèn)在主句中。.preferAtoB=likeAbetterthanB更喜歡A不怎么喜歡B.eg.Ipreferfishtochicken.=Ilikefishbetterthanchicken.hadbetterdosth.干某事.否認(rèn):hadbetternotdosth.特別注意:hadbet