專八改錯講解2017年

專八改錯講解改錯文章統(tǒng)計分析.內(nèi)容：人文類學術書籍或期刊雜志（歷史政治語言教育），特別是語言類為主.篇幅:200詞左右.結(jié)構(gòu)：一般是總分結(jié)構(gòu)1）總:文章主題一般在首句2）分:兩條線索一對立和順承改錯答案統(tǒng)計分析.從錯詞詞類上看，分布比較均勻，英語八大詞類中均有涉及，具體來說：每年涉及至少5種詞類的修改；動詞每年有一個；形容詞副詞每年有一個；冠詞代詞每年有一個.從修改方法上看，每年10道改錯題呈6,7---1，2---1，2的分值分布，即，修改單詞6-7個，增加單詞1-2個，刪除單詞1-2個一、考查什么？重點在于語言的運用.語法知識冠詞、介詞、代詞、情態(tài)動詞、形容詞與副詞非謂語動詞（v-ing,v-ed）定語從句虛擬語氣.詞匯與搭配各類詞性+詞匯搭配與用法；靈活運用outerspacevs.outspaceperformanactvs.makeanactPosturevs.postgettotheirfeetvs.getontheirfeetInaveragevs.onaverage.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)改錯旨在測試在具體語境或上下文中使用語法或詞匯的能力（esp句子之間的邏輯關系）具體語境或上下文：一篇200字左右的短文10個左右、意義上相關聯(lián)的句子一跳出單句的框架，從語段（表達一相關層次意思的句子組合）的角度來進行判斷句內(nèi)錯誤+句間錯誤（尤其是表邏輯關系的連詞）二、常見錯誤類型：.短語搭配錯誤.易混詞錯誤.邏輯關系錯誤.代詞錯誤(一致錯誤).冠詞錯誤.形容詞和副詞使用錯誤.成分殘缺或冗余.動詞時態(tài)或語態(tài)錯誤.短語搭配錯誤(esp介詞錯誤)toletaloneinreturntotheneedofsubstituteAwithBaccount70%underthegroundsof/thatattitudeonlifeinaquickspeedwithmanyrespectsatthefaceofconsiderationsto…becomevictimsof…rideinatrainresistiveagainstresistanceofembarksthinlinetotakeprideofshedlighttosthinproportionwithbecontrastedtomoderntimeabilityof(doing)sthatthefirstplacebesuccessfulondoingapproachtodo…onone,s30sdifferAfromBvaryby.易混詞錯誤(1)形近異義詞imaginative-imaginaryadapt-adopt

confirm-conformformer-formaldiary-dairypersonal-personnelbeside-besidesprincipal-principleconscious-conscientiousstationary-stationeryconsiderate-considerableaffect-effectcontact-contractmoral-moraleindustrious-industrialdesert-dessertrequire-acquire-inquiresensible-sensitivetransformation-transmissiontense-tensioncooker-cookcomplexity-complexinsurance-assuranceprovide-provided/providingperceive-conceive⑵形近(形異)近義詞latter-laterlate-latestfarther-furthereffective-efficientrespectable-respectfulhistoric-historicalrise-arise-raise-arousesure-insure-ensure-assureproducing-productivelonely-aloneacross-crossimpressed--impressivememorizing-memorablenormal-norm favorite-favorableacceptability-acceptanceeconomical-economic(a)few-(a)littleinvent-discoverbefore-agoanother-otherreward-award⑶兼有兩種形式的副詞firstly-firsthardly-hardlate-latelyhigh-highlywide-widelyclose-closelydeep-deeplyclear(完全地、徑直地)-clearly(顯然、清楚地)-objective

employer-objective

employerwith-withoutpossible-impossiblesubjectiveimport-export better-worse employee-employment-unemploymentmodifiable-unmodifiablenatural-unnaturaldiscernable-indiscernablelend-borrow exclusive-inclusiveindependency-dependencywilling-unwillingnothingmorethan-nothinglessthanagree-disagreeless-more(stillmore-stillless)most-leastknown-unknownrespective-irrespectivemajority-minority

resultin-resultin-resultfrompowerful-powerlessprofessional-amateurinclude-excludefortunately--unfortunately

easiness-uneasinessaware-unaware⑸名詞單復數(shù)異義moral-moralswater-waterssand-sandsmanner-mannerswood-woodspaper-paperssaving-savingstime-times mean（n.平均值）-means（方法）注：bacterium-bacteriamedium-mediacriterion-criteria（6）易混短語livewith-livebytendto-intendtonextweek-thenextweekspend…indoingsth-spend…onsthdieof-diefromratherthan-otherthanhavesbdosth-havesthdone takeon-goontakeplace-taketheplaceof consistin-consistofinall-afterallinreturn-inturnonereasonfor+短語-onereasonwhy+句子bringout-bringup apply…to-applyfor.邏輯關系錯誤（連詞使用錯誤）therefore-nevertheless/however（大部分therefore都要改為however,反之亦然）and-but/whileor-andafter-beforesince-although thereisno…一thereisalso?…that-if fromnowon-fromthenonall-noneif-unlessbesides-excepttherefore-becauseso-becausesodoeshe…-neither/nordoeshe…asif-evenifwhether-ifThat,swhy+結(jié)果-that,sbecause+原因.代詞錯誤（一致錯誤）their-itsthat-thosewhich-whatwhich-that（有些情況下關系代詞只能用that）it-itself（主賓相同，賓語用反身代詞）that/this-it（只有it可作形式主語）his-one/s（泛指時用one）you-yourselfit-theythis-suchXXislesssophisticatedthanwhattheyaretoday-XXislesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday.冠詞錯誤（1）定冠詞多余ontheeitherside->oneithersideintheEurope->inEuropeinthewinter->inwinterKaufman,the/anauthorofarecentbook-Kaufman,authorofarecentbook（同位語間完全對等關系，不必使用冠詞）taketheissue->takeissue（對…持異議，不同意）⑵定冠詞缺漏amongmost->amongthemostoneoffirst->oneofthefirstatmosphere->theatmosphere（獨一無二的事物，如：theworld,theEquator,theOuterspace）betweenusandrest->betweenusandtherestinminority->intheminorityplaypiano->playthepiano（西洋樂器的前面要有定冠詞）Englishlanguage->theEnglishlanguageatheartof->attheheartofinlongrun->inthelongrun注意以下短語的區(qū)別（抽象vs.具體）inchurch-inthechurchatcollege-atthecollegeincourt-inthecourtinhospital-inthehospitalinoffice-intheofficeinprison-intheprisonatsea-attheseainschool-intheschoolattable-atthetable.形容詞與副詞使用錯誤bewellequippedas->beaswellequippedasheavyindustrialized->heavily-industrializedkeepthenumberconstantly->keepnumberconstantfeelhopelessthwarted->feelhopelesslythwartedcomparativehighproportion->comparativelyhighproportion（quakes）startdeeplyintheearth->startdeepintheearthinthepassed5years->inthepast5yearscultureembeddedattitudes->culturallyembeddedattitudesfromonemeterafar->fromonemeterawayincreasing->increasinglysimple->simply.成分殘缺或多余（單復數(shù)錯誤）aworldwhichIcouldget…->aworldinwhichIcouldget…shows->thatshows（先行詞在定語從句中作主語，關系代詞不可省略）takeforgrantedthat->takeitforgratedthat1980-1980soneofthemostglaringform->oneofthemistglaringformsworksth->workoutsthbelievein-believepointsth->pointoutsth20percents->20percenteyescontact->eyecontactseven-sevenththeprocesswhichitfunction->theprocessbywhichitfunctioncommunicationservice->communicationsservice（通信服務、通訊服務）averageincomes->averageincomethelikeof->thelikesofbereferredtoXX->bereferredtoasXXbeviewedasworkofart->beviewedasaworkofart.