2023年全國碩士研究生招生考試《英語一》真題及答案

2023年全國碩士研究生招生考試《英語一》真題及答案

材料題根據(jù)以下材料回答1-20題。

CaravanseraiswereroadsideinnsthatwerebuiltalongtheSilkRoadin

areassuchasChina,NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Theyweretypically

1outsidethewallsofacityorvillageandwereusuallyfundedbylocal

governmentsof2.Theword'caravanserai'isa3ofthePersianwords

'karvan',whichmeansagroupoftravellersoracaravan,and'saray',

apalaceorenclosedbuilding.Thetermcaravanwasusedto4groupsof

peoplewhotravelledtogetheracrosstheancientnetworkforsafety

reasons,5merchants,travellersorpilgrims.Fromthe10thcentury

onwards,asmerchantandtravelroutesbecomemoredeveloped,the6of

thecaravanseraisincreasedandtheyservedasasafeplaceforpeople

torestatnight.TravellersontheSilkRoad7possibilityofbeing

attackedbythievesorbeing8toextremeweatherconditions.Forthis

reason,caravanseraiswerestrategicallyplaced9theycouldbereached

inaday'straveltime.CaravanseraisservedasaninformalWpointfor

thevariouspeoplewhotravelledtheSilkRoad.1_X，thesestructuresbecame

importantcentresforcultural12andinteraction,withtravellerssharing

theircultures,ideasandbeliefs,13talkingknowledgewiththem,greatly

14thedevelopmentofseveralcivilisations.Caravanseraiswerealsoan

importantmarketplaceforcommoditiesand"inthetradeofgoodsalong

theSilkRoad.W,itwasfrequentlythefirststopmerchantslookingto

selltheirwaresandj_7suppliesfortheirownjourneys.Itis18that

around120,000to15,000caravanseraiswerebuiltalongtheSilkRoad,

19onlyabout3,000areknowntoremaintoday,manyofwhicharein20.

著看材料一

1.【完形填空】第1題

A.displayed

B.occupied

C.located

D.equipped

正確答案：C

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2.【完形填空】第2題

A.privately

B.regularly

C.respectively

D.permanently

正確答案：A

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3.【完形填空】第3題

A.definition

B.transition

C.substitution

D.combination

正確答案：B

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4.【完形填空】第4題

A.classify

B.record

C.describe

D.connect

正確答案：C

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5.【完形填空】第5題

A.apartfrom

B.insteadof

C.suchas

D.alongwith

正確答案：C

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6.【完形填空】第6題

A.construction

B.restoration

C.impression

D.evaluation

正確答案：A

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7.【完形填空】第7題

A.doubted

B.faced

C.accepted

D.reduced

正確答案：B

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8.【完形填空】第8題

A.assigned

B.subjected

C.accustomed

D.opposed

正確答案：B

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9.【完形填空】第9題

A.sothat

B.evenif

C.nowthat

D.incase

正確答案：A

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10.【完形填空】第10題

A.talking

B.starting

C.breaking

D.meeting

正確答案：D

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11.【完形填空】第11題

A.Bytheway

B.Onoccasion

C.Incomparison

D.Asaresult

正確答案：D

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12.【完形填空】第12題

A.heritage

B.revival

C.exchange

D.status

正確答案：C

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13.【完形填空】第13題

A.withregardto

B.inspiteof

C.aswellas

D.inlinewith

正確答案：C

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14.【完形填空】第14題

A.completing

B.influencing

C.resuming

D.pioneering

正確答案：B

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15.【完形填空】第15題

A.aided

B.invested

C.failed

D.competed

正確答案：A

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16.【完形填空】第16題

A.Rather

B.Indeed

C.Otherwise

D.However

正確答案：B

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17.【完形填空】第17題

A.goinfor

B.standupfor

C.closeinon

D.stockupon

正確答案：D

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18.【完形填空】第18題

A.believed

B.predicted

C.recalled

D.implied

正確答案：A

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19.【完形填空】第19題

A.until

B.because

C.unless

D.although

正確答案：D

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20.【完形填空】第20題

A.ruins

B.debt

C.fashion

D.series

正確答案：A

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答21-25題。

TheweatherinTexasmayhavecooledsincetherecentextremeheat,but

thetemperaturewillbehighattheStateBoardofEducationmeetingin

AustinthismonthasofficialsdebatehowclimatechangeistaughtinTexas

schools.

PatHardy,aconservativememberoftheboardwhosympathiseswiththe

viewsoftheenergysector,isresistingproposedchangestoscience

standardsforpre-teenpupils.Thesewou1demphasisetheprimacyofhuman

activityinrecentclimatechangeandencouragediscussionofmitigation

measures.

aInthenationalstandards,everythinghastodowithclimatechange"—

that,sverylopsided,vsheclaims.uThereareasmanyscientistsworking

againstallthepanicofglobalclimatechangeastherearethosewhoare

pushingit.Texasisanenergystateandweneedtorecognisethat.You

needtorememberwhereyourbreadisbuttered.”

Mostscientistsandindependentexpertssharplydisputeherviews."What

millionsofTexaskidslearnintheirpublicschoolsisdeterminedtoo

oftenbythepoliticalideologyofpartisanboardmembers,ratherthan

factsandsoundscholarship,“saysDanQuinn,seniorcommunications

strategistattheTexasFreedomNetwork,anon-profitgroupthatmonitors

publiceducation."Theycasuallydismissthecareerworkofscholarsand

scientistsasjustanothermisguidedopinion.”

AstudylastyearbytheNationalCenterforScienceEducation,a

non-profitgroupofscientistsandteachers,lookingathowstatepublic

schoolsacrossthecountryaddressclimatechangeinscienceclasses,gave

barelyhalfofUSstatesagradeB+orhigher.Amongthe10worstperformers

weresomeofthemostpopulousstates,includingTexas,whichwasgiven

thelowestgrade(F)andhasadisproportionateinfluencebecauseits

textbooksarewidelysoldelsewhere.

GlennBranch,thecentre'sdeputydirector,cautionsthatsetting

state-levelsciencestandardsisonlyonelimitedbenchmarkinacountry

thatdecentralisesdecisionstolocalschoolboards.Evenifastateis

consideredahighperformerinitssciencestandards,athatdoesnotmean

itwillbetaught”,hesays.

Anotherissueisthat,whileclimatechangeiswellintegratedintosome

subjectsandatsomeages—suchasearthandspacesciencesinhigh

schools—itisnotaswellrepresentedincurriculaforyoungerchildren

andinsubjectsthataremorewidelytaught,suchasbiologyandchemistry.

Itisalsolessprominentinmanysocialstudiescourses.

Branchpointsoutthat,evenifagrowingnumberofofficialguidelines

andtextbooksreflectscientificconsensusonclimatechange,unofficial

educationalmaterialsthatconveymoreslantedperspectivesarebeing

distributedtoteachers.Theyincludematerialssponsoredby1ibertarian

think-tanksandenergyindustryassociations.

Inothercountries,thepatternofclimatechangepracticesinschools

isjustaspatchy.AstudythisyearbyUnesco,theUNagency,of

educationalpoliciesandcurriculain46membernationsshowedthat,while

92percentmadeatleastonereferencetoenvironmentalthemes,thedepth

ofinclusionwasverylowonaverage.Morethanhalfofmembersmadeno

mentionofclimatechangeinpolicyandcurriculadocuments,andjust19

percentdiscussedbiodiversity."Moreneedstobedonetoprepare

learnerswiththeknowledge,skills,valuesandattitudestoactforour

planet,“thereportconcluded.

AaronBenavot,professorofeducationpolicyandleadershipatthe

UniversityatAlbany,StateUniversityofNewYork,andoneofthereport'

sco-authors,warnsthatmeasurementremainsdifficult.aMoreandmore

countriesareembeddingintotheirnationalcurriculaatopiclike

environmentalstudiesorecology,“hesays."But,becauseclimate

educationisnotaseparatesubject,it'sdifficulttoknowhowmuchtime

andpriorityitisgiven.”

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21.【閱讀理解PartA]Inparagraph1,theweatherinTexasismentioned

to

A.forecastapolicyshiftinTexasschools.

B.stresstheconsequencesofclimatechange.

C.indicatetheatmosphereattheboardmeeting.

D.drawthepublic'sattentiontoenergyshortages.

正確答案：C

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22.【閱讀理解PartA]WhatdoesQuinnthinkofHardy?

A.Sheexaggeratestheexistingpanic.

B.Shedeniesthevalueofscientificwork.

C.Sheshowsnoconcernforpre-teens.

D.Sheexpressesself-contradictoryviews.

正確答案：B

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23.【閱讀理解PartA]ThestudymentionedinParagraph5showsthat

A.climateeducationisinsufficientatstatepublicschools.

B.policymakershavelittledriveforscienceeducation.

C.Texasisreluctanttorewriteitssciencetextbooks.

D.environmentalteachinginsomestateslackssupervision.

正確答案：A

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24.【閱讀理解PartA]AccordingtoBranch,state-levelsciencestandards

intheUS

A.callforregularrevision.

B.requireurgentapplication.

C.havelimitedinfluence.

D.catertolocalneeds.

正確答案：C

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25.【閱讀理解PartAjitisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatclimatechange

teachinginsomeschools

A.agreetomajorpublicdemands.

B.reflectsteachersJpersonalbias.

C.maymisrepresenttheenergysector.

D.canbeswayedbyexternalforces.

正確答案：D

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答26-30題。

CommunitiesthroughoutNewEnglandhavebeenattemptingtoregulate

short-termrentalssincesiteslikeAirbnbtookoffinthe2010s.Nowwith

record-highhomepricesandhistoricallylowinventory,there?san

increasedurgencyinsuchregulation,particularlyamongthosewhoworry

thatdeveloperswillcomeinandbuyupswathsofhousingtoflipfora

fortuneontheshort-termrentalmarket.

InNewHampshire,wheretherentalvacancyratehasdroppedbelow1percent,

housingadvocatesfearuncheckedshort-termrentalswillputfurther

pressureonanalreadystrainedmarket.TheStateLegislaturerecently

votedagainstabillthatwould'vemadeitillegalfortownstocreate

legislationrestrictingshort-termrentals.

“Weareatacrisislevelonthesupplyofrentalhousing,“saidNick

Taylor,executivedirectoroftheWorkforceHousingCoalitionofthe

GreaterSeacoast.WithoutenoughaffordablehousinginsouthernNew

Hampshiretowns,aemployersarehavingahardtimeattractingemployees,

andworkersarehavingahardtimefindingaplacetolive,“Taylorsaid.

However,short-termrentalsalsoprovidehousingfortourists,pointed

outRyanCastle,CEOofalocalassociationofrealter."Alotofworkers

areservicingthetouristindustry,andthetourismindustryisserviced

bythosepeoplecominginshortterm,“Castlesaid,“andsoit'sacyclical

effect.”

Short-termrentalsthemselvesarenotthecruxoftheissue,saidKeren

Horn,anexpertonaffordablehousingpolicy."Ithinkindividualsbeing

abletorentouttheirsecondhomeisagoodthing.Ifit'stheirvacation

homeanyway,andit'sjustempty,whycan'tyoumakemoneyoffit?”

Hornsaid.Issuesarise,however,whendevelopersattempttocreate

large-scaleshort-termrentalfacilities—defactohotels—tobypass

taxesandregulations."Ithinkthequestionis,shouldn'tadeveloper

who'sreallybuildingahotel,butdisguisingitasnotahotel,betreated

andtaxedandregulatedlikeahotel?”Hornsaid.

Attheendof2018,governorCharlieBakerofMassachusettssignedabill

toreininthosepotentialinvestor-buyers.Thebillrequireseveryrental

hosttoregisterwiththestatemandatestheycarryinsurance,andopens

thepotentialforlocaltaxesontopofanewstatelevy.Bostontookthings

evenfurther,requiringrenterstoregisterwiththecity'sInspectional

ServicesDepartment.

Hornsaidsimilarregistrationrequirementscouldbenefitstruggling

citiesandtowns,but“ifwewanttomakeachangeinthehousingmarket,

themainoneiswehavetobuiIdalotmore.”

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26.【閱讀理解PartA]WhichofthefollowingistrueofNewEngland?

A.Itshousingsupplyisataverylowlevel.

B.Itscommunitiesareinneedoffunding.

C.Itsrentalvacancyrateisgoingupslowly.

D.Itshomepricesareunderstrictcontrol.

正確答案：A

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27.【閱讀理解PartA]ThebillmentionedinParagraph2wasintendedto

A.curbshort-termrentalspeculation.

B.ensurethesupplyofcheaphousing.

C.punishillegaldealingsinhousing.

D.allowafreeshort-termrentalmarket.

正確答案：D

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28.【閱讀理解PartA[ComparedwithCastle,Taylorismorelikelytosupport

A.furtherinvestmentinlocaltourism.

B.anincreaseinaffordablehousing.

C.strictmanagementofrealestateagents.

D.afavorablepolicyforshort-termworkers.

正確答案：B

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29.【閱讀理解PartA]WhatdoesHornemphasizeinParagraph5?

A.Theurgencytoupgradeshort-termrentalfacilities.

B.Theefficientoperationofthelocalhousingmarket.

C.Thenecessitytostopdevelopersfromevadingtaxes.

D.Theproperproceduresforrentingoutsparehouses.

正確答案：C

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30.【閱讀理解PartA]Hornholdsthatimposingregistrationrequirements

is

A.anirrationaldecision.

B.anunfeasibleproposal.

C.anunnecessarymeasure.

D.aninadequatesolution.

正確答案：D

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答31-35題。

Ifyou'reheadingforyournearestbranchofWaterstones,thebiggest

bookretailerintheUK,insearchoftheDuchessofSussex'snewchildren,

sbookTheBench,youmighthavetobepreparedtohuntaroundabit,the

samemaybetrueofThePresident?sDaughter,thenewthrillerbyBill

ClintonandJamesPatterson.Bothofthesebooksarepublishednextweek

byPenguinRandomHouse(PRH),acompanycurrentlyinvolvedinastand-off

withWaterstones.

Theproblembeganlatelastyear,whenPRHconfirmedthatithadintroduced

acreditlimitwithWaterstones“ataverysignificantlevel”.Thetrade

magazineTheBooksellerreportedthatWaterstonesbranchmanagerswere

beingtoldtoremovePRHbooksfromprominentareassuchastables,display

spacesandwindows,andwere“quietlyretiringthemtotheirrelevant

sections”.

PRHdeciinedtocommentontheissue,butaspokespersonforWaterstones

toldme:aWaterstonesarecurrentlyoperatingwithreducedcreditterms

fromPRH,theonlypublisherintheUKtoplaceanylimitationsonour

abilitytotrade.WearenotboycottingPRHtitlesbutwearedoingour

utmosttoensurethatavailabilityforcustomersremainsgooddespitethe

loweroveralllevelsofstock.Wearehopefulwithourshopsnowopenagain

thatnormalitywillreturnandthatwewillbeallowedtobuyappropriately.

Certainly,ourshopsareexceptionallybusy.ThesalesforourMayBooks

oftheMonthsurpassedanymonthsince2018.”

Inthemeantime,PRHauthorshavebeenthelosers.Big-namePRHauthors

maysufferabit,butit'sthosemid-listauthors,whonormallyrelyon

Waterstonesstaff,spassionforpromotingbooksbylesser-knownwriters,

whowillbeprayingforanendtothedispute.

Itcomesatatimewhenauthorsarealreadyworriedabouttheconsequences

oftheproposedmergerbetweenPRHandanotherbigpublisher,Simon&

Schuster—thereductioninthenumberofunalignedUKpublishersislikely

toleadtofewerbiddingwars,loweradvances,andmoreconformityinterms

ofwhatispublished.

“Thisisallpartofawiderchangetowardsconcentrationofpower,“

saysliteraryagentAndrewLownie."Thepublishingindustrytalksabout

diversityintermsofauthorsandstaffbutitalsoneedsapluralityof

waysofdeliveringintellectualcontact,choiceanddifferentvoices.

Afterall,manyofthemostinterestingbooksinrecentyearshavecome

fromsmallpublishers.

Weshallseewhetherthatpluralityisacasualtyofthecurrentneedamong

publisherstobebigenoughtotakeonall-comers.

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31.【閱讀理解PartA]TheauthormentionstwobooksinParagraph1topresent

A.anongoingconflict.

B.anintellectualconcept.

C.aprevailingsentiment.

D.aliteraryphenomenon.

正確答案：A

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32.【閱讀理解PartA]WhydidWaterstonesshopsretirePRHbookstotheir

relevantsections?

A.Tomakethemeasilynoticeable.

B.TocomplywithPRH'srequirement.

C.TorespondtoPRH'sbusinessmove.

D.Toarrangetheminasystematicway.

正確答案：C

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33.【閱讀理解PartA]WhatmessagedoesthespokespersonforWaterstones

seemtoconvey?

A.Theircustomersremainloyal.

B.Thecreditlimitwillberemoved.

C.Theirstockisunderestimated.

D.Thebookmarketisratherslack.

正確答案：B

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34.【閱讀理解PartA]Whatcanbeoneconsequenceofthecurrentdispute?

A.Salesofbooksbymid-listPRHwritersfalloffconsiderably.

B.Lesser-knownPRHwritersbecomethetargetofcriticism.

C.Waterstonesstaffhesitatetopromotebig-nameauthors?books.

D.Waterstonesbranchessufferaseverereductioninrevenue.

正確答案：A

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35.【閱讀理解PartA]Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresents

Lownie'sview?

A.Smal1publishersoughttosticktogether.

B.Bigpublisherswilllosetheirdominance.

C.Thepublishingindustryishavingahardtime.

D.Themergerofpublishersisaworryingtrend.

正確答案：C

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答36-40題。

Scientificpapersaretherecordkeepersofprogressinresearch.Eachyear

researcherspublishmillionsofpapersinmorethan30,000journals.The

scientificcommunitymeasuresthequalityofthosepapersinanumberof

ways,includingtheperceivedqualityofthejournal(asreflectedbythe

title,simpactfactor)andthenumberofcitationsaspecificpaper

accumulates.Thecareersofscientistsandthereputationoftheir

institutionsdependonthenumberandprestigeofthepaperstheyproduce,

butevenmoresoonthecitationsattractedbythesepapers.

Citationcartels,wherejournals,authors,andinstitutionsconspireto

inflatecitationnumbers,haveexistedforalongtime.In2016,

researchersdevelopedanalgorithmtorecognizesuspiciouscitation

patterns,includinggroupsofauthorsthatdisproportionatelyciteone

anotherandgroupsofjournalsthatciteeachotherfrequentlytoincrease

theimpactfactorsoftheirpublications.Recently,anotherexpression

ofthispredatorybehaviorhasemerged:so-calledsupportservice

consultanciesthatprovidelanguageandothereditorialsupportto

individualauthorsandtojournalssometimesadvisecontributorstoadd

anumberofcitationstotheirarticles.

Theadventofelectronicpublishingandauthors?needtofindoutlets

fortheirpapersresultedinthousandsofnewjournals.Thebirthof

predatoryjournalswasn,tfarbehind.Thesejournalscanactasmilkcows

whereeverysinglearticleinanissuemayciteaspecificpaperoraseries

ofpapers.Insomeinstances,thereisabsolutelynorelationshipbetween

thecontentofthearticleandthecitations.Thepeculiarpartisthat

thejournalthattheeditorissupposedlyworkingforisnotprofiting

atall—itisjustprovidingcitationstootherjournals.Suchpractices

canleadanarticletoaccruemorethan150citationsinthesameyear

thatitwaspublished.

Howinsidiousisthistypeofcitationmanipulation?Inoneexample,an

individual?—actingasauthor,editor,andconsultant?—wasabletouse

atleast15journalsascitationproviderstoarticlespublishedbyfive

scientistsatthreeuniversities.TheproblemisrampantinScopus,a

citationdatabase,whichincludesahighnumberofthenewuinternational”

journals.Infact,alistinginScopusseemstobeacriteriontobe

targetedinthistypeofcitationmanipulation.

Scopusitselfhasallthedatanecessarytodetectthismalpractice.Red

flagsincludealargenumberofcitationstoanarticlewithinthefirst

year.Andforauthorswhowishtosteerclearofcitationcartelactivities:

whenaneditorareviewer,orasupportserviceasksyoutoadd

inappropriatereferences,donotobligeanddoreporttherequesttothe

journal.

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36.【閱讀理解PartA]AccordingtoParagraph1,thecareersofscientists

canbedeterminedby

howmanycitationstheirworkscontain.

B

Chowmanytimestheirpapersarecited.

Dtheprestigeofthepeopletheyworkwith.

thestatustheyhaveinscientificcircles.

正確答案：B

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37.【閱讀理解PartA]Thesupportserviceconsultanciestendto

A.recommendjournalstotheirclients.

B.listcitationpatternstheirclients.

C.askauthorstoincludeextracitations.

D.advisecontributorstociteeachother.

正確答案：C

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38.【閱讀理解PartA]TheFunctionofthe"milkcow"journalsisto

A.boostcitationcountsforcertainauthors.

B.helpscholarspublisharticlesatlowcost.

C.instructFirst-timecontributorsincitation.

D.increasethereadershipofnewjournals.

正確答案：A

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39.【閱讀理解PartA]WhatcanbelearnedaboutScopusfromthelasttwo

paragraphs?

A.ItFosterscompetitionamongcitationproviders.

B.Ithasthecapabilitytoidentifysuspiciouscitations.

C.Ithindersthegrowthof“international“journals.

D.Itestablishedtopreventcitationmanipulation.

正確答案：B

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40.【閱讀理解PartA]Whatshouldanauthordotodealwithcitation

manipulators?

Takelegalaction.

B

CDemandanapology.

DSeekprofessionaladvice.

Revealtheirmisconduct.

正確答案：D

材料題根據(jù)以下材料，回答41-45題。

Directions:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoa

coherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Handfillingthemintothe

numberedboxes.ParagraphsA,EandHhavebeencorrectlyplaced.Mark

youranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

[A]Lastyearmarkedthe150thanniversaryofaseriesofYellowstone

photographsbytherenownedlandscapephotographerWilliamHenryJackson.

JacksonsnappedtheIst-evershotsoficoniclandmarkssuchastheTetons,

OldFaithfulandtheColoradoRockies.Onalate19th-centuryexpedition

throughtheYellowstoneBasinthatwasconductedbytheheadoftheU.S.

GeologicalandGeographicalSurveyoftheTerritories,FerdinandV.Hayden.

Theteamincludedameteorologist,azoologist,amineralogist,andan

agriculturalstatistician.

[B]Twocenturiesago,theideaofpreservingnature,ratherthan

exploitingit,wasanovelonetomanyU.S.settlers.Oneoftheturning

pointsinpublicsupportforlandconservationefforts—andrecognizing

themagnificenceoftheYellowstoneregioninparticular—cameinthe

formofvividphotographs.

[C]AsaneffectiveWashingtonoperator,Haydensensedthathecould

capitalizeontheexpeditionJsstunningvisuals.HeaskedJacksontoprint

outlargecopiesanddistributedthem,alongwithreproductionsofMoran'

spaintings,toeachmemberofCongress."Thevisualization,particularly

thosephotographs,reallyhithomethatthisissomethingthathastobe

protected,“saysMurphy.

[D]Throughoutthetrip,Jacksonjuggledmultiplecamerasandplatesizes

usingthe“collodionprocess“thatrequiredhimtocoattheplateswith

achemicalmixture,thenexposethemanddeveloptheresultingimageswith

aportabledarkroom.Thecrudetechniquerequirededucatedguesseson

exposuretimes,andinvolvedheavy,awkwardequipment—severalmenhad

toassistinitstransportation.Despitethesechallenges,Jackson

captureddozensofstrikingphotos,rangingfrommajesticimageslikehis

now-famoussnapshotofOldFaithful,tocasualportraitsofexpedition

membersatthecamp.Whileveteransofpreviousexpeditionswroteatlength

aboutstunningtrailsights,thesevividphotographswereanotherthing

entirely.

[E]ThejourneyofficiallybeganinOgden,UtahonJune8,1871.Overnearly

fourmonths,dozensofmenmadetheirwayonhorsebackintoMontanaand

traversedalongtheYellowstoneRiverandaroundYellowstoneLake.That

fall,theyconcludedthesurveyinFortBridger,Wyoming.

[F]ThoughNativeAmericans(andlaterminersandfurtrappers)hadlong

recognizedthearea?sriches,mostAmericansdidnot.That'swhyHayden'

sexpeditionaimedtoproduceafullerunderstandingoftheYellowstone

Riverregion,fromitshotspringsandwaterfallstoitsvarietyofflora

andfauna.Inadditiontotheentourageofscientists,theteamalso

includedartists:PainterThomasMoranandphotographerWilliamHenry

Jacksonwerechargedwithcapturingthisastoundingnaturalbeautyand

sharingitwiththeworld.

[G]ThebillprovedlargelypopularandsailedthroughCongresswithlarge

majoritiesinfavor.Inquicksuccession,theSenateandHousepassed

legislationprotectingYellowstoneinearly1872.ThatMarch,President

UlyssesS.GrantsignedanactintolawthatestablishedYellowstoneas

theworld?sfirstnationalpark.Somelocalsopposedthedesignation,

thedecisionwaslargelyaccepted—andJackson'sphotosplayedakey

roleinthefighttoprotectthearea."Idon,tbelievethatthelegal

protectionwouldhavehappenedinthetimeframethatitdidwithoutthose

images,“saysHansen,journalistandauthorofProphetsandMoguls,

RangersandRogues,BisonordBears:100yearsofthenationalParkService.

[H]Perhapsmostimportantly,theimagesprovideddocumentaryevidence

thatlatermadeitswaytogovernmentofficials.Weeksaftercompleting

theexpedition,Haydencollectedhisteam'sobservationintoanextensive

repaimedatconvincingSenatorsandRepresentatives,alongwith

colleaguesatgovernmentagencylikethedepartmentofInteriorthat

Yellowstoneoughttobepreserved.

41-A-*42fE-43—H-44-45

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41.【閱讀理解PartB】第41題

A.[B]Twocenturiesago,theideaofpreservingnature,ratherthan

exploitingit,wasanovelonetomanyU.S.settlers.Oneoftheturning

pointsinpublicsupp