2018年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)與增分策略 專題一 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 題組練習(xí) 1 人物介紹

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精PAGE9學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精PAGE人物介紹A（2017·貴州遵義航天高級中學(xué)四模)MarleneDietrichisfinallytobehonoredbyherhomecity,Berlin.Formorethanhalfacentury，thefamousfilmstarwonhugefameinHollywood，butremainedahighlycontroversial（引起爭議的）figureinGermany。Whenthecity’snewfilmmuseumisopenedonSeptember26，threeofits15roomswillshowthestar’spossessionscollectedoveralifetime。InadditiontovariouscollectionsbyMarlene，visitorswillbeabletoseeallMarleneDietrich’smovies.Dietrichbecameaworldstarafterherwonderfulperformanceinamovie.Afterthat，sheturnedherbackonGermany，horrifiedbythesuddenmovementofNaziinherhometown。Afewyearsafterthewar，thestarwaspersuadedtopayashortvisittoBerlin.Butthetripprovedadisaster。AtacityhallgatheringinWestBerlin,crowdsturnedouttoseeher，butnotallfriendly.Shewasattackedattimes。ShefoundherselfbeingblamedforwearinganAmericanuniformduringthewartopleaseUStroopsinEurope.Shewasalsoscoldedfor“turningherbackonthecountry”．Dietrich，deeplyhurt,decidedshewouldneverreturntoBerlinagain。Butshesoftenedherjudgment.WhenshediedinParisin1972，itwasatherexpresswishthatherbodyshouldbesentbacktoBerlinforburialalongsidehermotherinalocalcemetery。語篇解讀本文介紹了著名影星MarleneDietrich和德國的恩怨情仇的故事。1．Fromthesecondparagraph，wecangettoknowthat。A．Germanswerenarrow-mindedB．GermansweredifficulttogetalongwithC．a(chǎn)llGermansadmiredDietrichD．someGermansdislikedDietrich答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的描述可知，她在德國是一個有爭議的人物,即有人喜歡她，也有人不喜歡她。故選D。2．Theunderlinedsentence“sheturnedherbackonGermany”(inParagraph5)means“”．A．DietrichlookeddownuponhercountryB．DietrichturnedawayfromhercountryC．DietrichgaveupperformanceinhercountryD．Dietrichlostherjobinhercountry答案B解析句意理解題。根據(jù)后文“horrifiedbythesuddenmovementofNaziinherhometown”可知此處意為“她背棄了她的祖國"。故選B。3．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．VisitorscanseevariouscollectionsbyMarleneinBerlin’snewfilmmuseum.B．DietrichwasafamousfilmstarinHollywood.C．Afterthewar，Dietrichpaidashortvisittohercountry.D．WearinganAustralianuniformduringthewar，Dietrichwasregardedasabetrayer（背叛者)tohercountry.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“ShefoundherselfbeingblamedforwearinganAmericanuniformduringthewartopleaseUStroopsinEurope。”可知D項錯誤.4．Thefamousfilmstar，asawhole，。A．hatedhercountrybecauseshewasoncescoldedforbetrayingGermanyB．enjoyedherlifeinFranceC．lovedhercountryfromherheartD．feltsatisfiedwithherperformance答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知選C。B(2017·第一次全國大聯(lián)考）SamuelOsmondisa19—year—oldlawstudentfromCornwall,England。Heneverstudiedthepiano.However,hecanplayverydifficultmusicalpiecesbymusicianssuchasChopinandBeethovenjustafewminutesafterhehearsthem。Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts。Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.Twoyearsago，heplayedhisfirstpieceMoonlightSonata（奏鳴曲）byBeethoven。Hesurprisedeveryonearoundhim.Amazedthatherememberedthislonganddifficultpieceofmusicandplayeditperfectly，histeacherssaySamuelisunbelievable.Theysayhisabilityisveryrare,butSamueldoesn’tevenrealizethatwhathecandoisspecial.Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents,butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now,hestudieslawandmusic.Samuelcan’tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised?！癐grewupwithmusic.Mymotherplayedthepianoandmyfatherplayedtheguitar。Abouttwoyearsago,Isuddenlydecidedtostartplayingthepiano,withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons.Itcomeseasilytome—Ihearthenotesandcanbeartheminmind—eachandeverynote，”saysSamuel。Recently，Samuelperformedapieceduringaspecialeventathiscollege.Thepiecehadmorethanathousandnotes。Theaudiencewasimpressedbyhisamazingperformance.Heisnowlearningapiecethatissodifficultthatmanyprofessionalpianistscan'tplayit.Samuelsaysconfidently，“It'sallaboutsupermemory-IguessIhavethatgift?！盚owever，Samuel'sabilitytorememberthingsdoesn’tstopwithmusic。Hisfamilysaysthatevenwhenhewasayoungboy，Samuelheardsomeonereadastory,andthenhecouldretellthestorywordforword.Samuelisstillonlyateenager。Hedoesn'tknowwhathewantstodointhefuture。Fornow,heisjusthappytoplaybeautifulmusicandcontinuehisstudies.語篇解讀本文主要講述了英國19歲的音樂天才SamuelOsmond的故事。5．AccordingtoParagraph1wecanknowSamuelOsmondisatalentin.A．rememberingmusicB．playingthedifficultmusicC．playingthewholemusicbylisteningtoitinpartsD．playingMoonlightSonatabyBeethoven答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四、五句“Helearnsapieceofmusicbylisteningtoitinparts。Thenhethinksaboutthenotesinhishead.”可知選C。6．SamuelOsmondstudieslawandmusicbecauseof.A．thewishofhisparentsB．theproposalofhismusicteacherC．thegiftofhisownD．theconsideratethought答案D解析推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Samuelwantedtobecomealawyerasitwasthewishofhisparents，butmusicteacherstoldhimheshouldstudymusicinstead.Now，hestudieslawandmusic.”可知他現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)法律和音樂是兼顧了父母的意愿和老師的提議，是一種考慮周到的想法。故選D。7．WhatSamuelsurprisedeveryoneisthat。A．hegrewupwithmusicB．hedecidedtostartplayingthepianoC．hecouldbeartheminmind—eachandeverynoteD．hecouldplaythepianowithoutreadingmusic答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Samuelcan'tunderstandwhyeveryoneissosurprised?！焙汀?..withoutbeingabletoreadmusicandwithouthavinganylessons。Itcomeseasilytome。。?！笨芍m然沒有受過專業(yè)的音樂訓(xùn)練，但是他卻能非常熟練地彈鋼琴，大家為此感到很驚訝。故選D。C（2017·吉林長春外國語學(xué)校期中）Atpresent，animated（動畫）filmsarepopularwithus.Mostofthemrelyheavilyoncomputertechnology.Butthismagicalworld—wherewitches(魔法師）castspellsandcastlesfloatinthesky-isbroughttolifebyhand.Nevertheless，HayaoMiyazakiisreferredtoasJapan’sWaltDisneyandconsideredbymanytobetheworld’sgreatestlivinganimator.Thismonth,the72—year-oldMiyazakiannouncedhisretirement。TheJapaneseanimatorhasdirected11animatedfull-lengthfilmsoverthepastfourdecades，includingtheOscar-winningSpiritedAway(《千與千尋》)andhislatestrelease，TheWindRises(《起風(fēng)了》），whichtellsthelifestoryofamanwhodesignedJapaneseWorldWarⅡfighterplanes.JustasTheWindRisesshows，Miyazakiiswell—knownforhisobsessionwithflight，especiallyhumanflight.OtherattractiveaspectsofMiyazaki’sfilmsincludehisthemesofenvironmentalprotectionandthehorrorsofwar.Miyazaki’sworkisalsofamousforitslackofclearlydefinedgoodandevilcharacters。Heseesthe21stcenturyasacomplextimewhenoldstandardsneedtobere—examined。Asastoryteller，heisaninventoroffairytalesfullofmystery.IntheMiyazakianuniverse,wizards（巫師)turnintobirdsofprey；younggirlsaretransformedovernightinto90—year—oldwomen；greedyparentsarechangedintopigs；andshootingstarsbecomefiredemons（惡魔)．PeopleattributeMiyazaki'ssuccesstohislongpursuitofhishand-drawntechnique，althoughinaninterviewwithCNNhecalledhimselfan“extinctspecies”intheageofdigitalanimation.ArecenttelevisiondocumentaryonthemakingofTheWindRisesshowedadisappointedMiyazakithrowingapileofdrawingsintothetrash。Heissaidtohaveredrawnthousandsofframesofthemuch—praisedPrincessMononoke(《幽靈公主》）whentheydidnotmeethisstandards。Buthishugeattentiontodetailhasearnedhimtherespectoftheentireanimatedfilmworld。EvenJohnLasseter—headofPixar，thefamousUScomputeranimationstudio—oncecalledMiyazaki“oneofthegreatestfilmmakersofourtime”．語篇解讀本文主要介紹了日本著名的動畫大師Miyazaki宮崎駿的故事，以及他的電影作品的風(fēng)格和特點。8．WhatcanweknowaboutMiyazaki’sfilmTheWindRises?A．Itwasputonalongtimeago。B．Miyazakiwasonceunsatisfiedwithsomeofthedrawings。C．Itdescribesenvironmentalprotection.D．ItisanOscar—winningfilm。答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“ArecenttelevisiondocumentaryonthemakingofTheWindRisesshowedadisappointedMiyazakithrowingapileofdrawingsintothetrash?！笨芍?，Miyazaki在拍攝TheWindRises這部電影時對所畫的一些繪畫不滿意。故選B.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsession”meaninParagraph3？A．Hatred. B．Enthusiasm.C．Envy. D．Sympathy.答案B解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的“。..especiallyhumanflight。OtherattractiveaspectsofMiyazaki’sfilmsincludehisthemesofenvironmentalprotectionandthehorrorsofwar.”可知，飛行、環(huán)境保護和戰(zhàn)爭的恐怖是宮崎駿喜歡展現(xiàn)的主題,由此可推斷出,obsession的意思為“熱愛".故選B。10．WhatmakesMiyazakiearntherespectoftheentireanimatedfilmworld？A．Hisemphasisondetail.B．Hispursuitofthehand—drawntechnique.C．Hisdependenceoncomputertechnology.D．Hisdefinitionofgoodandevilcharacters.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Buthishugeattentiontodetailhasearnedhimtherespectoftheentireanimatedfilmworld。”可知，宮崎駿對細節(jié)的關(guān)注使他贏得了整個動畫電影界的尊重。故選A。D（2017·江西九江十校聯(lián)考）Acutewhitecatpeeksoutofaholewithonlyitsheadvisible。Along-earedrabbitlicksitslipswhilelookingupatacarrot.Thesearen’trealscenesinanaturalpark。Instead，they'repaintingsintreeholesonaroadinShijiazhuang，HebeiProvince。Hundredsofpeoplearevisitingtheartisticroadtotakephotosofthenewpaintings。Thecreatoroftheseeye—catchingpaintingsisWangYue,23。Shedescribeshertreeholepaintingsas“abeautifuljourney"throughwhichsheaddsfunandvitality(活力）toherhometown.“WhenIsawthetreesbytheroadsidehadlostalltheirleaves,andtheuglytreeholesbecameobvious，IthoughtthatifIcouldpaintsomeinterestingscenesintheseholestheymightaddsomecolortothecity，"saidWangYue.ButWangwasworriedthatherwatercolorpaintscouldhurtthetrees。WhenWanggotpermissionfromcityofficials，shegatheredhercolorpalette，brushesandastoolandgottowork。Herfirstpaintingwasofrosyclouds,butmanypassers—bycouldn'tunderstandit.“Perhapsitwastooabstract，”saidWangYue.Afterthat，shebegantopaintanimals。Usingherpaintbrushshecreativelyplacedaraccoon(浣熊）,asquirrelandacatintheholes.Wang'sfriendssharedherworksontheirmicroblogsandshebecameahit。Hernextaimistotellstoriesratherthanpaintingindividualanimals.“Iwasgladtoletpeopleseelife’sbeauty。Ihopemoreartistscanjoinmeinpaintingthetreeholes，”shesaid.語篇解讀石家莊女孩王月用“樹洞畫”讓栩栩如生的小貓、松鼠以及各種風(fēng)景在樹洞“安家”，為黯淡的冬季帶來了色彩。11．WhydidWangYuebegintocreatepaintingsinthetreeholes?A．Topracticepaintingandhavefun.B．Topreventthetreeleavesfromfalling。C．Tohavepassers-bytakephotosofherpaintings.D．Tomakethecitymorecolorfulandlively.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Shedescribeshertreeholepaintingsas‘a(chǎn)beautifuljourney’throughwhichsheaddsfunandvitality(活力）toherhometown."和第三段中的“IthoughtthatifIcouldpaintsomeinterestingscenesintheseholestheymightaddsomecolortothecity”可推出答案。12．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Wang’sfirstpaintinghurtthetreesandcityofficialsstoppedherwork.B．Wang’sfirstpaintingwasn’tpopularbecauseshewasn’tskillfulthen.C．Wangbecamesuccessfulpartlybecauseofherfriends’microblogs。D．Wangwouldcontinuetocentreherworksonindividualanimals。答案C解析細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Wang'sfriendssharedherworksontheirmicroblogsandshebecameahit.”可知C項正確。13．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext？A．PaintingsinTreeHolesBecomePopularB．PaintingsBringGreyRoadtoLifeC．WangYue—AGirlWhoHasBecomeaHitD．JoininPaintingtheTreeHoles答案B解析標題歸納題?？v觀全文可知，文章主要講的是石家莊女孩王月用“樹洞畫”為黯淡的冬季帶來色彩。B項概括了文章主旨。Ⅰ.單詞梳理1．Afterseveraldelays，hefinally（final）setoutat8o’clock.2．Hespeaksveryhighly(high）oftheboy’sopinion.3．Weacceptedthisarrangementwithoutdifficulty(difficult)．4．Ifyouhaveamusicalability(able),youshoulduseit。5．Theoldmanwasbelievedtohavemagical(magic)powers.6．Hewasgivenagoldwatchonhisretirement（retire）．7．Allworkwasproducedbythestudentsunderthedirection(direct)ofJohnWilliams.8．Itincludesnotonlythefunnydeedsandexpressions,butalsothefunnylanguages。（fun)9．Heobviously（obvious)enjoyedhiswork。10．Theboyrushedoutassoonashisfathergavehimpermission（permit）。Ⅱ.短語提煉A．英漢互譯1．inadditionto 除……之外（還有，也）2．payavisitto