貴州省銅仁市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁銅仁市2022~2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試卷高一英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)城均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Towatchthelivebroadcast.B.Towriteanarticle.C.Todohishomework.2.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforthetickets?A.$120.B.$480.C.$600.3.Whydoesthewomanintendtobuytherabbits?A.Shelikesthem.B.Herdadlovesthem.C.Jennyhasapair.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Friends.C.Colleagues.5.Howwillthemanpayforthebirthdaycake?A.Bycredit.B.Bycheque.C.Incash.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WherehasJohn’spreviousEnglishteachergone?A.Anotherhighschool.B.Anothercity.C.Anothergrade.7.WhatattractsJohnaboutthenewEnglishteacher?A.Herfashion.B.HerspokenEnglish.C.Herpatience.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Cookforherfamily.B.Tellherabouthealthyeating.C.Introducesomerecipes.9.Whoavoidseatingpeanuts?A.Tom.B.Lily.C.White.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhathasAnnbeendoingrecently?A.Shehasbeenplayingwithhersister.B.ShehasbeenwatchinganewTVplay.C.Shehasbeenapplyingtoanewcompany.11.Whatstoriesdoesthemanlikeabout?A.Waysofreasoning.B.Greatpeople.C.Urbanlife.12.What’sthefavouritehobbyofRose?A.Playingbasketball.B.Playingtabletennis.C.Playingbadminton.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthegym.B.Inthepark.C.Inthestreet14.Whatencouragesthemantoexercise?A.Toloseweight.B.Tokeepfit.C.Toaccompanythewoman.15.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?A.Eatingmorevegetables.B.Joiningafitnessclub.C.Walkingwithapartner.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Exercisewiththewoman.B.Searchforinformation.C.Signupforafitnessclub.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Agreatjourneyaroundtheshore.B.Agoodplaceforthoseenjoyingbirds.C.AwalkdowntheNorthWildwoodSeawall.18.WhatcanweknowabouttheNorthWildwoodSeawall?A.Itisonlysuitableforwalking.B.Itallowsthedisabledtoenter.C.Itistheprettiestplaceintheworld.19.Whatanimaldoesthespeakerlikebest?A.Turtle.B.Dolphin.C.Seal.20.Whencanyouvisitthelighthouse?A.8:00amonFriday.B.8:30amonSaturday.C.6:30amonSunday.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A4TopBestTouristDestinationsinAustraliaCradleMountainInformation:CradleMountainisyetanothergreatattractionfortouristsandisfoundinTasmania.CradleMountainiswellknownforrareanimalsandplants,rockformations,andbeautifullandscapes.Inaddition,ithasthedeepestfreshwaterlakeinAustralia,LakeStClair.Sincetheplacehascooltemperatures,itoffersaroomforrelaxationawayfromthecities.Phone:(416)367-4359DaintreeRainforestInformation:ItisoneofthemostknownforestsinAustralia.DaintreeRainforestisfoundinQueenslandanditisonthelistoftheWorldHeritageSites.Itcovers1,200squarekilometers.Asaresult,itishometocountlessspeciesofplants,andinsects.Italsoholdstherecordfortheoldesttropicallowlandforestsintheglobedatingback135years.Phone:(416)924-9911CableBeachInformation:CableBeachisauniquekindofbeachfoundonthewesternsideofAustraliaanditisatouristattraction.ItisatopattractionbeachinAustralia.Thebeachhasbeautifulwhitesands,offersthebestviewsoftheIndianOcean’sbluewaters,andisthebestplaceforbeautifulsunset,Inaddition,itisknownforcamelrides.Aroundthebeach,therearemanyhotels.Phone:(416)425-6062KakaduNationalParkInformation:ThereareseveralnationalparksinAustralia.OneofthemisKakaduNationalParkwhichislocatedintheNorthernTerritory.IthasbeenlistedintheWorldHeritageSites.ItiswellknownforitsYellowWatersLagoon.Inaddition,theplaceisfullofbeautifulbirds.Forapersonwhoenjoysbirds,thisisthebestplacetovisit.Phone:(416)650-57431.WhowillCradleMountainattract?A.Thosewhoprefertoobservewaterfalls. B.Thosewholiketowalkalongthebeach.C.Thosewhoenjoylivinginwarmsurroundings. D.Thosewhoareinterestedinuncommonanimals.2.WhatdoDaintreeRainforestandKakaduNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Theyhaveaverylonghistory. B.Theybelongtotheworldheritagesites.C.Theyarefilledwithbeautifulbirds. D.Theyarefamousforvariousplants.3.Whichnumberiscalledtoseewonderfulsunset?A.(416)367-4359. B.(416)924-9911. C.(416)425-6062. D.(416)650-5743.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞4大最佳旅游目的地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CradleMountain部分中“CradleMountainiswellknownforrareanimalsandplants,rockformations,andbeautifullandscapes.(搖籃山以珍稀動(dòng)植物、巖層和美麗的風(fēng)景而聞名)”可知，CradleMountain會(huì)吸引那些對(duì)稀有動(dòng)物感興趣的人。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DaintreeRainforest部分中“DaintreeRainforestisfoundinQueenslandanditisonthelistoftheWorldHeritageSites.(丹特里雨林位于昆士蘭州，被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄)”以及KakaduNationalPark部分中“IthasbeenlistedintheWorldHeritageSites.(它已被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄)”可知，DaintreeRainforest和KakaduNationalPark的共同之處是它們屬于世界遺產(chǎn)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CableBeach部分中“Thebeachhasbeautifulwhitesands,offersthebestviewsoftheIndianOcean’sbluewaters,andisthebestplaceforbeautifulsunset,Inaddition,itisknownforcamelrides.Aroundthebeach,therearemanyhotels.(海灘上有美麗的白色沙灘，可以欣賞到印度洋藍(lán)色海水的最佳景色，也是欣賞美麗日落的最佳地點(diǎn)。此外，這里還以騎駱駝而聞名)”以及“Phone:(416)425-6062(電話：(416)425-6062)”可知，看精彩的日落要撥打(416)425-6062。故選C。BMsYutingZhouisanearly-careerenvironmentaladvisorworkingonindustrialwastewaterpollutionmanagement,Inherwork,she’slearningaboutanimportanttypeofenvironmentalpollution,andfindingwaystohelpcompaniesmanagewaterresourcesbetter.WhenweaskedYutinghowoldshewaswhenshegotinterestedinenvironmentalproblemsweweresurprisedbyherresponse.“Imusthavebeenaboutsixyearsold.IusedtowatchanAmericanTVseriesaboutanenvironmentalistSuperheronamedCaptainPlanet.”Thereisoneseriouspollutioneventsomewhereintheworld.TheconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesdeeplyinfluencedYuting.Buthowdoesonepreparetobea“Superwoman”?ForYuting,itcamedowntoareflectiononwhatshemightbegoodat—inhercase,theScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics(STEM)subjects-andmakingconsideredchoicesinhereducation.Shebegantostudyenvironmentalengineering,andfoundapassionforthesubject.“Duringmygraduatestudies.”Iresearcheddifferentkindsofhealtheffects.Whileshedevelopedvaluableskillsthatwouldhelpherinhercareer,shealsolearntmoreaboutherselfandherroleintheworld.“Ilearntthatsciencerequiresascientificproofthroughrepeatedandsometimeslongprocesses.AlthoughIcompletedandpublishedmyresearchinatopacademicjournal,IrealizedthatI’mnotfitforlaboratorywork.Ineededmoreinteractionwithpeople,andtosolvereal-lifeproblems.”Withinthreedaysofgraduating,YutingwasonaplaneheadingtoKenya.ShewasexcitedaboutworkingfortheUnitedNationsbecausetherewerepeoplefromvariousindustriesandbackgroundsgatheringtoimprovetheenvironmentandcreateamoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)future—alotlikethesettingofCaprainPlanetwhichbroughtlighttoherinthefirstplace.4.WhatfirstexposedYutingtoenvironmentalproblems?A.AnAmericanTVseries. B.Afamousenvironmentalexpert.C.Afamousandpopularhero. D.Aseriouspollutionevent.5.WhatdidYutingconsiderwhenshefacedtheenvironmentalissues?A.Howshecouldmakeuseofhertalent. B.Whatorganizationsheshouldjoin.C.Howshecouldbecomeasuperwoman. D.Whatshewouldfocusonstudying.6.WhatdidYutingthinkreallyhelphertodealwithenvironmentalproblems?A.Publishinglotsofpapersaboutthem. B.Conductingmanyresearchesonthem.C.Carryingonmanyarelatedexperiment. D.Reachingouttoasmanypeopleaspossible.7.WhatdidYutingbenefitfromworkingintheUN?AShemetwithpeoplefromallwalksoflife. B.Sheknewthekeytosuccess.C.Shechangedherattitudetolife. D.Shelearnedhowtochatwithothers.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了周雨婷女士是一名早期從事工業(yè)廢水污染管理的環(huán)境顧問，在她的工作中，她正在學(xué)習(xí)一種重要的環(huán)境污染類型，并尋找?guī)椭髽I(yè)更好地管理水資源的方法。文章介紹了她開始對(duì)環(huán)境問題感興趣的起因以及為環(huán)境改善所作出的努力。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WhenweaskedYutinghowoldshewaswhenshegotinterestedinenvironmentalproblems,weweresurprisedbyherresponse.“Imusthavebeenaboutsixyearsold.IusedtowatchanAmericanTVseriesaboutanenvironmentalistSuperheronamedCaptainPlanet.”(當(dāng)我們問雨婷從幾歲開始對(duì)環(huán)境問題感興趣時(shí)，她的回答讓我們很驚訝?！澳菚r(shí)候我大概六歲。我以前看過一部美劇，講的是一個(gè)叫星球隊(duì)長(zhǎng)的環(huán)保超級(jí)英雄。”)”可知，一部美國(guó)電視劇最先讓雨婷接觸到環(huán)境問題。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheconcernaboutenvironmentalissuesdeeplyinfluencedYuting.Buthowdoesonepreparetobea“Superwoman”?ForYuting,itcamedowntoareflectiononwhatshemightbegoodat—inhercase,theScience,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics(STEM)subjects-andmakingconsideredchoicesinhereducation.(對(duì)環(huán)境問題的關(guān)注深深影響了雨婷。但是一個(gè)人如何準(zhǔn)備成為“女超人”呢？對(duì)于雨婷來說，這可以歸結(jié)為對(duì)自己擅長(zhǎng)的學(xué)科的反思——對(duì)她來說，是科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)（STEM）學(xué)科——并在她的教育中做出深思熟慮的選擇)”可知，當(dāng)雨婷面對(duì)環(huán)境問題時(shí)，她會(huì)集中精力考慮要學(xué)習(xí)什么。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ineededmoreinteractionwithpeople,andtosolvereal-lifeproblems.(我需要更多地與人互動(dòng)，解決現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的問題)”可知，雨婷接觸盡可能多的人能真正幫助她處理環(huán)境問題。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ShewasexcitedaboutworkingfortheUnitedNationsbecausetherewerepeoplefromvariousindustriesandbackgroundsgatheringtoimprovetheenvironmentandcreateamoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)future—alotlikethesettingofCaprainPlanetwhichbroughtlighttoherinthefirstplace.(她對(duì)在聯(lián)合國(guó)工作感到很興奮，因?yàn)橛衼碜圆煌袠I(yè)和背景的人聚集在一起，改善環(huán)境，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來——這很像《上尉星球》中的場(chǎng)景，最初給她帶來了光明)”可知，雨婷在聯(lián)合國(guó)工作的好處是她會(huì)見了各行各業(yè)的人。故選A。CEatingahealthydietisnotaboutstrictlimitations,stayingabnormallythin,orridyourselfofthefoodsyoulove.Rather,it’saboutfeelinggreat,havingmoreenergy,improvingyourhealth,andraisingyourmood.Sohealthyeatingdoesn’tmeanyouhavetocooktoughfood.Ifyoufeelconfusedbyalltheconflictingnutritionanddietadviceoutthere,you’renotalone.Itseemsthatforeveryexpertwhotellsyouacertainfoodisgoodforyou,you’llfindanothersayingexactlytheopposite.Sothinkmorewhenfacingthat.Thetruthisthatwhilesomespecificfoodsornutrientshavebeenshowntohaveabeneficialeffectonmood,it’syouroveralleatingpatternthatismostimportant.Thecornerstoneofahealthydietshouldbetoreplaceprocessedfoodwithrealfoodwheneverpossible.Eatingfoodthatisascloseaspossibletothewaynaturemadeitcanmakeahugedifferencetothewayyouthink,look,andfeel.Whilesomeextremedietsmaysuggestotherwise,weallneedabalanceofprotein,fat,fiber,vitamins,andmineralsinourdietstoremainahealthybody.Youdon’tneedtoeliminatecertainfoodfromyourdiet,butratherselectthehealthiestoptionsfromeachcategory.Besides,youshouldchangeyourdietinghabit.Switchingtoahealthydietdoesn’thavetobeanallornothingproposition.Youdon’thavetobeperfectandyoudon’thavetochangeeverythingallatonce.Abetterapproachistomakeafewsmallchangesatatime,Thinkofplanningahealthydietasanumberofsmall,manageablesteps-likeaddingasaladtoyourdietonceaday.Asyoursmallchangesbecomehabits,youcancontinuetoaddmorehealthychoices.8.Whichofthefollowingisarealhealthydiet?A.Onethathelpsyoustaythin. B.Onefullofmostnutrition.C.Onewithstrictcookingrules. D.Onethatmakesyouenergetic.9.Whatshouldyoudowhenfacingthemasters’adviceonhealth?A.Becarefulaboutit. B.Tryitwithyourfamily.C.Followitcompletely. D.Seeifitsatisfiesyou.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inParagraph3mean?A.Pick. B.Benefit. C.Remove. D.Improve.11.Whatmayhelpyoubecomeahealthyeater?A.Tryingtoseekforperfection. B.Learningfromanexpertatcooking.C.Changingyoureatinghabitgradually. D.Cookingwithonlyvegetablesandfruit.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了什么是健康的飲食以及如何培養(yǎng)健康的飲食習(xí)慣?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Eatingahealthydietisnotaboutstrictlimitations,stayingabnormallythin,orridyourselfofthefoodsyoulove.Rather,it’saboutfeelinggreat,havingmoreenergy,improvingyourhealth,andraisingyourmood.(健康的飲食并不是嚴(yán)格的限制，保持異常的苗條，或者擺脫你喜歡的食物。相反，它是關(guān)于感覺良好，有更多的精力，改善你的健康，提高你的情緒)”可知，“讓你精力充沛飲食”是真正的健康飲食。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itseemsthatforeveryexpertwhotellsyouacertainfoodisgoodforyou,you’llfindanothersayingexactlytheopposite.Sothinkmorewhenfacingthat.(似乎每有專家告訴你某種食物對(duì)你有益，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)另一種完全相反的說法。所以面對(duì)這個(gè)問題時(shí)要多想想)”可知，面對(duì)養(yǎng)生大師的建議，你應(yīng)該小心謹(jǐn)慎。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Whilesomeextremedietsmaysuggestotherwise,weallneedabalanceofprotein,fat,fiber,vitamins,andmineralsinourdietstoremainahealthybody.(雖然一些極端的飲食可能會(huì)有不同的建議，但我們都需要在飲食中平衡蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、纖維、維生素和礦物質(zhì)，以保持健康的身體)”以及后文“certainfoodfromyourdiet,butratherselectthehealthiestoptionsfromeachcategory”可知，雖然一些極端的飲食可能會(huì)有不同的建議，但我們都需要在飲食中平衡蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、纖維、維生素和礦物質(zhì)，以保持健康的身體，所以你不需要從你的飲食中去除某些食物，而是從每個(gè)類別中選擇最健康的選項(xiàng)。故畫線詞意思是“去除”。故選C?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Switchingtoahealthydietdoesn’thavetobeanallornothingproposition.Youdon’thavetobeperfectandyoudon’thavetochangeeverythingallatonce.Abetterapproachistomakeafewsmallchangesatatime,Thinkofplanningahealthydietasanumberofsmall,manageablesteps-likeaddingasaladtoyourdietonceaday.Asyoursmallchangesbecomehabits,youcancontinuetoaddmorehealthychoices.(轉(zhuǎn)向健康飲食并不一定是一個(gè)全有或全無的命題。你不需要變得完美，也不需要一下子改變一切。一個(gè)更好的方法是一次做一些小的改變，把健康的飲食計(jì)劃想象成一些小的、可管理的步驟——比如每天在你的飲食中添加一次沙拉。當(dāng)你的小改變變成習(xí)慣時(shí)，你可以繼續(xù)增加更多健康的選擇)”可知，逐漸改變飲食習(xí)慣可以幫助你成為一個(gè)健康的飲食者。故選C。DInatiny,lab-growngarden,thefirstseedseversowninlunardirthavecomeup.Thissmallcrop,plantedinsamples(樣本)returnedbyApollotasks,offershopethatastronautscouldsomedaygrowtheirownfoodonthemoon.Butplantsplantedinlunardirtgrewmoreslowlyandwerethinnerthanothersgrowninvolcanic(火山的)materialfromEarth,researchersreport12MayinCommunicationsBiology.Thatfindingsuggeststhatfarmingonthemoonwouldtakealotmorethanagardeningskills.“Ah!It’ssocool!”saysabotanist(植物學(xué)家)RichardBarker.“Eversincethesesamplescame,back,there’sbeenbotaniststhatwantedtoknowwhatwouldhappenifyougrewplantsinthem,”saysBarker,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.“Buteveryoneknowsthoseprecioussamplesarepriceless,andsoyoucanunderstandwhyNASAwasunwillingtopublishthem.”Theteamplantedseedsintinypotsthateachheldaboutagramofdirt.FourpotswerefilledwithsamplesreturnedbyApollo11,anotherfourwithApollo12samplesandafinalfourwithdirtfromApollo17.Another16potswerefilledwithearthlyvolcanicmaterialusedinpastexperimentstocopymoondirt.AllweregrownunderLEDlightsinthelabandwateredwithnutrients.“Nothingreallycomparedtowhenwefirstsawtheseedlingsastheywerecomingupinthelunardirt,”saysAnna-LisaPaul,aplantbiologist.“Thatwasamovingexperience.Wecouldnotspeakwhenwewatchedtheveryfirstplantsgrowinginuniquematerials.”Plantsgrewinallthepotsoflunardirt,butnonegrewaswellasthoseplantedinearthlymaterial.“Thehealthiestoneswerejustsmaller,”Paulsays.Themoon-grownplantsweretiny.Facedwiththat,explorersneedtodomoreresearchtoletplantsgrowstronglyonthemoon.Ibelievewewillsucceedintime.12.Whatdoestheresearchonplantsgrowninthelunardirtshow?A.Growingfoodsonthemoonisnecessary.B.Skillsarethekeytofarmingonthemoon.C.Farming’onthemoonneedsmanyfactors.D.Astronautswanttogrowfoodontheirown.13.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatBarkersaid?A.Someplantsneedplantinginspecialsoils.B.Botanistsareinterestedinstudyingnewthings.C.ItisaselfishactionforNASAtokeepthesecret.D.Thesamplesbroughtfromthemoonarevaluable.14.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofplantingonthemoon?A.Itispractical. B.Itishopeful.C.Itonlyattractsastronauts. D.Itchallengesmostexperts.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.TheFirstPlantHasBeenGrowninMoonDirtB.AstronautsHaveBroughtThingsWorthSpreadingC.BotanistsHaveFoundaNewKindofPlantLatelyD.FarmingontheMoonHasBeenAcceptedbyPeople【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了第一批在月球土壤中播種的種子已經(jīng)發(fā)芽，但是同時(shí)研究人員也發(fā)現(xiàn)種植在月球土壤中的植物比種植在地球火山物質(zhì)中的植物生長(zhǎng)得更慢，也更瘦弱?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butplantsplantedinlunardirtgrewmoreslowlyandwerethinnerthanothersgrowninvolcanic(火山的)materialfromEarth,researchersreport12MayinCommunicationsBiology.Thatfindingsuggeststhatfarmingonthemoonwouldtakealotmorethanagardeningskills.(但是，研究人員在5月12日的《通訊生物學(xué)》上報(bào)告說，種植在月球土壤中的植物比種植在地球火山物質(zhì)中的植物生長(zhǎng)得更慢，也更弱。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，在月球上耕種需要的不僅僅是園藝技能。)”可知，該發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，在月球上耕種不僅僅需要園藝技能，還需要考慮很多因素。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容““Ah!It’ssoco!”saysabotanist(植物學(xué)家)RichardBarker.“Eversincethesesamplescame,back,there’sbeenbotaniststhatwantedtoknowwhatwouldhappenifyougrewplantsinthem,”saysBarker,whowasn’tinvolvedinthestudy.“Buteveryoneknowsthoseprecioussamplesarepriceless,andsoyoucanunderstandwhyNASAwasunwillingtopublishthem.”(“啊!太酷了！植物學(xué)家理RichardBarker說。Barker說:“自從這些樣本回來后，就有植物學(xué)家想知道如果你在里面種植植物會(huì)發(fā)生什么。”Barker沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究。“但每個(gè)人都知道這些珍貴的樣本是無價(jià)的，所以你可以理解為什么NASA不愿意公布它們?！?可知，這些來自月球的植物樣本非常珍貴。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Themoon-grownplantsweretiny.Facedwiththat,explorersneedtodomoreresearchtoletplantsgrowstronglyonthemoon.Ibelievewewillsucceedintime.(月球上生長(zhǎng)的植物很小。面對(duì)這種情況，探險(xiǎn)者需要做更多的研究，讓植物在月球上茁壯成長(zhǎng)。我相信我們終將成功。)”可知，作者對(duì)于在月球上種植物還是極具信心，充滿希望的。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inatiny,lab-growngarden,thefirstseedseversowninlunardirthavecomeup.Thissmallcrop,plantedinsamples(樣本)returnedbyApollotasks,offershopethatastronautscouldsomedaygrowtheirownfoodonthemoon.(在一個(gè)小小的實(shí)驗(yàn)室花園里，第一批在月球土壤中播種的種子已經(jīng)發(fā)芽。這種在阿波羅任務(wù)帶回的樣品中種植的小作物給宇航員帶來了希望，有朝一日他們可以在月球上種植自己的食物。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要報(bào)道了第一批在月球土壤中播種的種子已經(jīng)發(fā)芽，以及研究人員相關(guān)的一些發(fā)現(xiàn)。所以“TheFirstPlantHasBeenGrowninMoonDirt(第一批植物在月球的泥土中生長(zhǎng))”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Therearesomethingstodowithyourgroupoffriends.____16____Theyareperfectforanyonewhowantstobuildouttheirsocialgroup,meetnewpeople,ormakesomefriendsthathavesimilarinterests.Joiningateamisagoodway.____17____Sportsteamsarethemostcommonandeverycityandevensmallertownswillhavesomesortsofsportsleagues.Ifyou’reathletic,youcanlookintosoccerteamsandleagues.Ifyoupreferamorecasualphysicalactivity,there’salwayssomethinglikegolf.Joiningabookclubisaniceway.Abookclubcanbeagreatsocialactivityforpeoplewhoareabitshy.Thereareevenbookclubsthattakeplaceentirelyonline.Itisgoodtoincludesomesocialinteractionsinyourlife.Takingpaintinglessons,dancelessons,orsomeothertypesofgroupclassesisagoodwaytomeetnewpeople.It’snotlikeyou’rejustinanemptyroomandaskedtospend2hoursatatabletalking.____18____Findingvolunteerworkforteens.Volunteeringattractssomereallycoolandspecialpeople.Itisagreatsocialactivity.____19____Placesthatgetalotofstudentsrequirecertainvolunteerhours.Forexample,ananimalshelterdoesn’tcostvolunteerstoomuchtime.____20____Hopefully,thesocialactivitiesforteenswillinspireyoutotrysomenewthings.A.Readingwillbenefittheteenagers.B.Findingavoluntaryjobiseasyforteens.C.Therearemanydifferentteamsyoucanjoin.D.You’llmeetgoodfolkswhilevolunteering.E.You’llbelearning,listeningtotheinstructor.F.Inaword,thesocialskillsactivitiesaregreatforteens.G.Butlet’sstartwithsocialactivitiestomeetnewfriends.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些有助于交朋友的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Therearesomethingstodowithyourgroupoffriends.(有一些事情要和你的朋友們一起做)”以及后文“Theyareperfectforanyonewhowantstobuildouttheirsocialgroup,meetnewpeople,ormakesomefriendsthathavesimilarinterests.(它們非常適合那些想建立自己的社交團(tuán)體、結(jié)識(shí)新朋友或交一些有相似興趣的朋友的人）”可知，本句與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出通過社交活動(dòng)來認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友。故G選項(xiàng)“但是讓我們從社交活動(dòng)開始認(rèn)識(shí)新朋友吧”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Joiningateamisagoodway.(加入一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)是一個(gè)好方法)”以及后文“Sportsteamsarethemostcommonandeverycityandevensmallertownswillhavesomesortsofsportsleagues.Ifyou’reathletic,youcanlookintosoccerteamsandleagues.Ifyoupreferamorecasualphysicalactivity,there’salwayssomethinglikegolf.(運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)是最常見的，每個(gè)城市甚至更小的城鎮(zhèn)都會(huì)有各種各樣的體育聯(lián)盟。如果你喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)，你可以看看足球隊(duì)和聯(lián)賽。如果你喜歡更休閑的體育活動(dòng)，那就打高爾夫吧)”可知，上文建議加入團(tuán)體，且后文列舉了不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)，故C選項(xiàng)“你可以加入很多不同的團(tuán)隊(duì)”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takingpaintinglessons,dancelessons,orsomeothertypesofgroupclassesisagoodwaytomeetnewpeople.It’snotlikeyou’rejustinanemptyroomandaskedtospend2hoursatatabletalking.(參加繪畫課、舞蹈課或其他類型的團(tuán)體課程是結(jié)識(shí)新朋友的好方法。這不像你在一個(gè)空房間里，被要求花兩個(gè)小時(shí)坐在桌子旁聊天)”可知，本段的建議是參加課程來交朋友，E選項(xiàng)中instructor對(duì)應(yīng)上文中l(wèi)essons和classes。故E選項(xiàng)“你要學(xué)習(xí)，聽老師講課”符合語境，故選E。19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Findingvolunteerworkforteens.Volunteeringattractssomereallycoolandspecialpeople.Itisagreatsocialactivity.(為青少年尋找志愿者工作。志愿活動(dòng)吸引了一些很酷很特別的人。這是一項(xiàng)偉大的社會(huì)活動(dòng))”以及后文“Placesthatgetalotofstudentsrequirecertainvolunteerhours.Forexample,ananimalshelterdoesn’tcostvolunteerstoomuchtime.(有很多學(xué)生的地方需要一定的志愿者時(shí)間。例如，動(dòng)物收容所不需要志愿者花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間)”可知，本段主要說明了志愿者工作可以交朋友，D選項(xiàng)volunteering對(duì)應(yīng)上文volunteerwork。故D選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)志愿者的時(shí)候你會(huì)遇到好朋友”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Hopefully,thesocialactivitiesforteenswillinspireyoutotrysomenewthings.(希望青少年的社交活動(dòng)能激勵(lì)你嘗試一些新事物)”可知，本段為文章最后一段，應(yīng)總結(jié)上文社交技能的作用：社交技能活動(dòng)對(duì)青少年很有好處。故F選項(xiàng)“總而言之，社交技能活動(dòng)對(duì)青少年很有好處”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MymostfavouriteteacherisChitraMa’am.SheteachesusEnglish，who____21____myhardwork,whichletmeexcited.She____22____ourschooloneyearago,beforewhich,IwasnotsogoodatEnglish.ButIhavechangedmy____23____tothissubjectafterattendingherclasses.Ilikeherformany____24____oneofwhichisthatshedeliveredthelessonsina____25____way.Herbestqualityisthatsheis____26____withus.Shewouldcheckourhomeworkwithoutmissingaday,whichgainsour____27____.Therearemanyactivitiesgivenattheendofeverylessonandshemakesus____28____allofthem.Notonlythat,butshealsoencouragesustotakepartindramaandpoem____29____,which,manyofusthink,forcesusto____30____ourabilitiesofwritingauthenticEnglish.AllofushavetospeakinEnglishduringtheEnglishperiod.Everystudent____31____totalkinEnglishevenifthesentencesoundsimproper.Shehastaughtusnevertoplayjokesoneachother’s____32____.ThishasimprovedourspokenEnglishinagreatway.Now,weareabletotalkinEnglishwithmore____33____.Anothergreatqualityofhersisthatshetreatseverychild____34____.Afterexplainingthelessontous,sheaskseachoneofusdifferentquestionsaboutthechapter.Sometimes,wealso____35____talkingaboutourpersonallives,likewhatwelikeaboutourlives,howourparentsworkhardforus,andthingslikethat.21.A.describes B.appreciates C.expands D.questions22.A.trusted B.designed C.joined D.built23.A.attitude B.access C.solution D.devotion24.A.inventions B.sources C.effects D.causes25.A.confusing B.terrifying C.fascinating D.embarrassing26.A.bored B.strict C.careful D.content27.A.respect B.impression C.interview D.conclusion28.A.arrangefor B.communicatewith C.participatein D.complainabout29.A.competitions B.treatments C.movements D.suggestions30.A.affect B.destroy C.challenge D.increase31.A.used B.refused C.tried D.failed32.A.mistakes B.clothes C.lifestyles D.efforts33.A.admiration B.patience C.confidence D.information34.A.nervously B.carefully C.formally D.equally35.A.preferred B.escaped C.imagined D.considered【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.A30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者喜歡英語老師Chitra老師，并列舉了一些喜歡她的原因和老師好的品質(zhì)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她教我們英語，她很欣賞我的努力，這讓我很高興。A.describes描述；B.appreciates欣賞，感激；C.expands擴(kuò)大；D.questions質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)后文“myhardwork,whichletmeexcited”可知，老師欣賞作者的努力，作者感到高興。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她一年前加入我們學(xué)校，在那之前，我的英語不太好。A.trusted信任；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.joined加入；D.built建造。根據(jù)后文“ourschooloneyearago,beforewhich,IwasnotsogoodatEnglish”可知，Chitra老師來學(xué)校之前，作者的英語還不太好。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在聽了她的課之后，我改變了對(duì)這門學(xué)科的態(tài)度。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.access進(jìn)入；C.solution解決方案；D.devotion奉獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“ButIhavechangedmy”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知，作者之前英語不好，但是在聽了她的課之后，改變了對(duì)這門學(xué)科的態(tài)度。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡她的原因有很多，其中之一就是她以一種迷人的方式授課。A.inventions發(fā)明；B.sources來源；C.effects影響；D.causes原因。根據(jù)上文“Ilikeherformany”以及后文論述了老師的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可知此處指喜歡老師的原因。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我喜歡她的原因有很多，其中之一就是她以一種迷人的方式授課。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.terrifying嚇人的；C.fascinating迷人的；D.embarrassing令人尷尬的。結(jié)合上文“oneofwhichisthatshedeliveredthelessonsina”以及作者喜歡老師，可見老師是以一種迷人的方式授課。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她最好的品質(zhì)就是對(duì)我們嚴(yán)格。A.bored厭倦的；B.strict嚴(yán)格的；C.careful仔細(xì)的；D.content滿意的。根據(jù)后文“Shewouldcheckourhomeworkwithoutmissingaday”可知，老師每天都檢查作業(yè)，說明嚴(yán)格。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她會(huì)檢查我們的作業(yè)，一天也不耽誤，這贏得了我們的尊重。A.respect尊重；B.impression印象；C.interviewD.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)上文“Shewouldcheckourhomeworkwithoutmissingaday”可知，老師的敬業(yè)贏得了學(xué)生的尊重。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：每節(jié)課結(jié)束時(shí)都有很多活動(dòng)，她讓我們都參加。A.arrangefor安排；B.communicatewith交流；C.participatein參加；D.complainabout投訴。根據(jù)上文“Therearemanyactivities”以及后文them指的是上文的活動(dòng)，所以是參加活動(dòng)。后文“shealsoencouragesustotakepartindramaandpoem”也是提示。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不僅如此，她還鼓勵(lì)我們參加戲劇和詩歌比賽，我們中的許多人認(rèn)為，這迫使我們提高了寫地道英語的能力。A.competitions比賽；B.treatments治療；C.movements運(yùn)動(dòng)；D.suggestions建議。根據(jù)上文“shealsoencouragesustotakepartindramaandpoem”以及后文提到了提高了寫作能力，可知是參加戲劇和詩歌比賽。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不僅如此，她還鼓勵(lì)我們參加戲劇和詩歌比賽，我們中的許多人認(rèn)為，這迫使我們提高了寫地道英語的能力。A.affect影響；B.destroy破壞；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.increase增加。根據(jù)后文“ourabilitiesofwritingauthenticEnglish”可知，參加比賽提高了寫地道英語的能力。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)學(xué)生都試圖用英語說話，即使句子聽起來不正確。A.used使用；B.refused拒絕；C.tried嘗試；D.failed失敗。根據(jù)上文“AllofushavetospeakinEnglishduringtheEnglishperiod.(在英語課上，我們所有人都必須說英語)”可知，這里指試圖用英語對(duì)話，故選C。32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她教導(dǎo)我們永遠(yuǎn)不要拿彼此的錯(cuò)誤開玩笑。A.mista