教師公開招聘考試中學(xué)英語-53

教師公開招聘考試中學(xué)英語-53一、第一部分英語教育教學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）二、I.單項選擇題（總題數(shù)：5,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）1.學(xué)習(xí)策略是多樣化的，其中“主動拓寬英語學(xué)習(xí)的渠道”及“學(xué)習(xí)中遇到困難時知道如何獲得幫助”應(yīng)屬于學(xué)習(xí)策略。A.認(rèn)知B.調(diào)控C.交際D.資源V解析：2.根據(jù)《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011年版）》，在“平時學(xué)習(xí)情況記錄”中，學(xué)生個人收集了單元學(xué)習(xí)小結(jié)，學(xué)習(xí)活動自評互評表，課堂檢測記錄等。這種評價過程稱為。A.終結(jié)性評價B.形成性評價C.結(jié)果評價D.測試性V解析：3.在任務(wù)型語言教學(xué)課堂的準(zhǔn)備階段，即“前任務(wù)”階段，教師要做的工作主要是。A.介紹主題和任務(wù)B.參加學(xué)生的小組活動C.聽取學(xué)生的討論匯報D.討論語言點V解析：4.外語閱讀應(yīng)包含六方面要素：社會與文化背景知識；分析與評價技能與策略；自動認(rèn)字技能；；語篇結(jié)構(gòu)知識；超認(rèn)知的監(jiān)控閱讀的知識與技能。A.詞匯知識B.語法知識C.詞匯與語言結(jié)構(gòu)知識D.分析與綜合技能知識V解析：5.語法教學(xué)是英語課堂教學(xué)的組成部分。語法教學(xué)的內(nèi)容一般包括語法的、語意以及語用三個方面。A.形式結(jié)構(gòu)B.特征C.一般情況D.特殊情況V解析：三、II.填空題（總題數(shù)：5,分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）.教師要充分利用現(xiàn)代教育技術(shù)，開發(fā)英語教學(xué)資源，1,改進(jìn)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)方式，提高教學(xué)效果。填空項1：（正確答案：拓寬學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)渠道）解析：.在語法翻譯法的課堂中，語法是1的途徑教授的，即先講授語法規(guī)則，然后用例子加以說明或解釋。填空項1：（正確答案：演繹法）解析：.馬老師認(rèn)為語言是一個可以用有限的規(guī)則生成無限的句子的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)。語言學(xué)習(xí)者可以依據(jù)一些規(guī)則的理解創(chuàng)造性地說出從未出現(xiàn)過的句子。那么，他在英語教學(xué)中最可能采用1。填空項1：（正確答案：認(rèn)知教學(xué)法）解析：.直接法的最終目的是要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在交談、閱讀和寫作中運(yùn)用1的能力。填空項1：（正確答案：英語思維）解析：.《全日制高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》明確指出“英語課程的評價體系要有利于促進(jìn)學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力的發(fā)展，要通過采用1的評價方式，評價學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力的水平?！碧羁枕?：（正確答案：多元優(yōu)化）解析：四、ni.案例分析題根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用英文作答。（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：15.00）.Whenacommunicativeactivitystarts,theteacherisleftnothingtodo,sincenon-teacher-interventionisimportantinagenuinecommunicativeactivity.Hesitsinfrontoftheclassanddoessomeprivatereadinguntilthetimeisup.DoyouthinkitisacorrectthingfortheteachertodoinclassyGiveyourreasons.（分?jǐn)?shù):15.00）正確答案：（Thisstatementdescribesinappropriatebehaviorfortheteacher.Eventhoughtheteacherislessdominantinacommunicativeactivity,andithasbeenstressedtheimportanceofteachernon-interventionwhereagenuinelycommunicativeactivityistakingplace,itdoesn'tmeanthatateacherisleftwithnothingtodo.Hestillhasveryimportantrolestoperform.Theteachershouldwalkaroundtheclassroom,monitoringtheprogressing.Besidesmonitoringtheclass,theteachercanalsojoinoneortwogroupsasanordinaryparticipant.Inaword,theteachershouldplayanactivepartincommunicativeactivity.）解析：五、第二部分專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)知識（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）六、I.Vocabularyandstructure（總題數(shù)：15,分?jǐn)?shù)：15.00）.Nowadaysseniorhighschoolstudentsareburdenedwithtoomany,whichismakingthemlessandlessconfident.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. amusementsD. opportunitiesV解析：motivation”動機(jī)，目的"；expectation“期待，預(yù)期"；amusement“娛樂”；opportunity”機(jī)會，時機(jī)”。句意：如今的高中學(xué)生肩負(fù)著太多期望，這使他們越來越不自信。13.Thereisnoreasontheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,theycanlimithowmuchwateryoudrink.A. muchmorethanB. nomorethanC. nolessthanD. anymorethanA.V解析：句意：他們沒有理由限制你服用多少維生素，就像他們不可以限制你喝多少水一樣。not...anymorethan是固定詞組，意為“與……一樣都不”，故選D。14.一TheyallagreeGeorge.Hastheprojectbeenpassed?一WhoGeorgecanmakethefinaldecision7A. except;exceptB. except;besidesC. but;butD. besides;butA.VD.解析：all后可加but或except,而第二個分句中whobut為固定搭配，意為“除……之外還有誰”。15.—TheweatheristoocoldMarchthisyear.—ItwasstillwhenIcamehereyearsago.A. for;colderB. in;coldC. in;hotD. for;hotterV解析：for在這里是“就……而言”的意思，still是用來修飾比較級的，根據(jù)上文的cold,可知此處填colder。tisdifficulttoallthenewideasanddevelopmentsineducation.A. beonthetrack ofB. maketracksC. coverthetrack ofD. keeptrackofV解析：句意：要時刻掌握教育方面所有新的思想和發(fā)展是困難的。beonthetrackofsb.“跟蹤某人”；maketracks"匆匆離開"；coverthetrackof...“掩蓋 的行蹤或痕跡”；keeptrackof”與 保持聯(lián)系，掌握……的線索”。17.Janetriedtothedoormanwithmoney,butshefailed.A. bribeB. corruptC. awardD. endowV解析：句意：簡企圖用錢賄賂看門人，但失敗了。bribe意為“收買，行賄”。corrupt意為“腐蝕，使墮落"；award意為“授予（獎品等），給予“；endow意為“資助，捐贈”。18.metalsaregoodconductors,silverthebestconductorofall.A. Almost;beingB. Almostall; beingC. Almost;isD. Almostall; to beA.B.VC.D.解析：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。句意：幾乎所有的金屬都是導(dǎo)體，銀在其中是最好的。19.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagueswithherstories.A. amusedB. amusingC. toamuseD. tobeamusedVC.D.解析：句型keep+sb./sth.+done意為“使……保持某種狀態(tài)”，sb.與它后面的動詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故選Ao.Theboyhasadmittedtothewindowwhileplayingfootballyesterday.A. breakingB. havingbeenbrokenC. breakD. bebreakingA.VB.C.D.解析：admitto中的to是介詞，后接名詞或動名詞。.Theresultisnotthesametheyhadexpected,wasratherdisappointing.A. as;thatB. which;asC. as;whichD. that;whichA.VD.解析：第一空thesameas為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思為“與……一樣”；第二空為非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞代指前面整個句子內(nèi)容，應(yīng)選which。答案為Co一DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?一Yes.IgaveittoherIsawher.A. whileB. themomentC. suddenlyD.onceA.V解析：考查時間狀語從句。themoment引導(dǎo)的狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時，表示“一……就23.Whatisthemostimportantconcepttodistinguishpragmaticsfromsemantics?A. Context.B. Entailment.C. PresuppositionD. Discourse.V解析：區(qū)分語義學(xué)和語用學(xué)的最本質(zhì)因素是是否將語言使用過程中的語境因素考慮進(jìn)來。24.SomesouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay"night"as"light".Thisshows:A.Theycannotpronounce/n/B.Interlanguageinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongueC.TheteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethodD.TheydonotliketopronouncenasalsoundsV解析：上述現(xiàn)象是語際干擾(Interlanguageinterference)的結(jié)果，學(xué)習(xí)外語時已有的母語知識和經(jīng)驗對外語學(xué)習(xí)產(chǎn)生的影響，也稱為負(fù)遷移。25.TheriverThamesisin.A. WalesB. ScotlandC. EnglandD. NorthernIrelandA.VD.解析：泰晤士河位于英格蘭。26.UncleTom,sCabinisanovelwhichgivesavividdescriptionofthemiserablelifeofthe,A. earlysettlersB. PuritansC. nativeIndiansD.blackslavesA.B.C.D.V解析：《湯姆叔叔的小屋》是一部捕述黑人奴隸的生活的小說。七、1Close(總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)Inthepastpeopledidnotquestionthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Theycould{{U}}{{U}}1{{/U}}{{/U}}thatapersondiedwhenhisheartstoppedbeating.Theylearned,however,thatthebodydidnotdie{{U}}{{U}}2{{/U}}{{/U}}hentheheartstoppedbeating.Theyalsodiscoveredthathumansremainedalive{{U}}{{U}}3{{/U}}{{/U}}theirbrainremainedactive.Todaythedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathisnotaseasytosee{{U}}{{U}}4{{/U}}{{/U}}inthepast.Modernmedicaldevicescan{{U}}{{U}}5{{/U}}{{/U}}theheartbeatingandthelungsbreathinglong{{U}}{{U}}6{{/U}}{{/U}}thebrainstops.Butisthis{{U}}{{U}}7{{/U}}{{/U}}?Thequestionhascausedmuchdebate{{U}}{{U}}8{{/U}}{{/U}}doctorsintheUnitedStates.Manyofthemwantalawthat{{U}}{{U}}9{{/U}}{{/U}}apersonisdeadwhenthebraindies.Apersonwouldthenbe{{U}}{{U}}10{{/U}}{{/U}}deadwhenbrainwavesstop,evenifmachinescankeepthebodyalive.(1).A.discoverB.doubtC.convince?D.seeA.B.C.D.V解析：過去的人們科技不發(fā)達(dá)，因此只能用肉眼看人的心臟是否跳動來判斷一個人的生死，選D。(2).A.immediatelyB.accidentallyC.suddenlyD.unexpectedlyA.VB.C.D.解析：immediately"立即，馬上"；accidentally"意外地，偶然地"；suddenly“突然地，忽然”；unexpectedly”出乎意料地”。句意：然而，他們得知心臟停止跳動以后，身體不會立即死亡。.A. evenifB. beforelongC. longbeforeD. aslongasA.B.C.D.V解析：evenif”即使，雖然"；beforelong“不久以后”；10ngbefore"很早以前"；aslongas"只要，和……一樣長”。句意：他們也發(fā)現(xiàn)，人和他的大腦活得一樣長。.A. asB. likeC. such asD. thesameA.VB.C.D.解析：as...as為原級比較，意為“像……一樣”。.A. traceB. keepC. pursueD. increaseV解析：trace"追蹤，追溯"；keep“保持，維持"；pursue“追求”；increase“增加”。句意：現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)設(shè)備能夠維持心臟跳動和肺呼吸更長時間。.A. whileB. afterwardC. afterD. beforeA.B.C.VD.解析：現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)設(shè)備能夠在人腦死亡后維持心臟跳動和肺呼吸。.A. aliveB. lifeC. liveD. livelyA.VC.D.解析：alive“活著的"；life“生活，生命"；live“活的”；lively“活潑的”。由下一段內(nèi)容可知，此處指用機(jī)器維持的心跳和呼吸是否是生命呢?選B。.A. fromB. aboutC. betweenD. amongA.B.C.D.V解析：among指多者之間，其后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)。.A. insistsB. claimsC. saysD. tellsA.B.C.VD.解析：引出法律規(guī)定的內(nèi)容，常用says。選C。.A. decidedB. consideredC. determinedD. estimatedV解析：decided“決定”；considered"認(rèn)為"；determined”下決心，決定"；estimated"評估”。句意：即使機(jī)器能維持人的身體活著，但是當(dāng)一個人的腦電波消失以后，就認(rèn)為那個人已經(jīng)死了。八、III.ReadingComprehension（總題數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）九、PassageOne(總題數(shù):1,分?jǐn)?shù):10.00)"Cultureshock"occursasaresultoftotalimmersioninanewculture.Ithappensto"peoplewhohavebeensuddenlytransplantedabroad".Newcomersmaybeanxiousbecausetheydonotspeakthelanguage,knowthecustoms,orunderstandpeople,sbehaviorindailylife.Thevisitorfindsthat"yes"maynotalwaysmean"yes",thatfriendlinessdoesnotnecessarilymeanfriendship,orthatstatementsthatappeartobeseriousarereallyintendedasjokes.Theforeignermaybeunsureastowhentoshakehands,whentostartconversations,orhowtoapproachastranger.Thenotionof"cultureshock"helpsexplainfeelingsofbewildermentanddisorientation.Languageproblemsdonotaccountforallthefrustrationsthatpeoplefeel.Whenoneisdeprivedofeverythingthatwasoncefamiliar,suchasunderstandingatransportationsystem,knowinghowtoregisterforuniversityclasses,orknowinghowtomakefriends,difficultiesincopingwiththenewsocietymayarise."...whenanindividualentersastrangeculture,heorsheislikefishoutofwater."Newcomersfeelattimesthattheydonotbelongtoandfeelalienatedfromthenativemembersoftheculture.Whenthishappensvisitorsmaywanttorejecteverythingaboutthenewenvironmentandmayglorifyandexaggeratethepositiveaspectsoftheirownculture.Converselyvisitorsmayscorntheirnativecountrybyrejectingitsvaluesandinsteadchoosingtoidentifywith(ifonlytemporarily)thevalueofthenewcountry.Thismayoccurasanattempttoover-identifywiththenewcultureinordertobeacceptedbythepeopleinit..Theexpression"heorsheislikefishoutofwater"suggests.A. people away from their culturescanhardlysurviveina new cultureB. afish cannotsurvive without waterC. people away from their culture experiencemental isolationD. people away from their culture havedifficulties innew environmentVD.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段前兩句話可知，初到者有時會感到不屬于當(dāng)?shù)匚幕蚋械奖划?dāng)?shù)匚幕吘壔?，所以他們就像魚兒離了水一樣，感到的是精神上的孤獨，而不是單純的不能存活，故選。.Inordertoidentifywiththenewenvironment,somepeoplemay.giveanexaggeratedpictureoftheirowncountrycriticizethepositiveaspectsoftheirowncountryabandontheiroriginalbeliefsacceptatemporarysetofvaluesA.B.JC.D.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知，有些人為了融入新的環(huán)境，他們就會譴責(zé)自己國家的文化，由此可判斷選B。.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtotheauthor?Perplexityresultsincultureshock.Atypicalsymptomofcultureshockisconfusion.Cultureshockistheexplanationofanxiety.Cultureshockhappenstoforeignstudentsonly.A.B.JC.D.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段倒數(shù)第三句可知，文化沖擊解釋了人們的迷惑和混亂的感覺，所以文化沖擊的一個典型特征是迷惑，故選友.Newcomersmayworryabout.theirignoranceofthealiencustomstheirknowledgeof"Yes"inthenativelanguagetheirunderstandingoffriendshiptheircontroloftheirbehaviorA.JB.C.D.解析：推理判斷題。由第一段第二句可知，初來者會感到擔(dān)心，因為他們不說外語，不了解它們的習(xí)俗，也不理解人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械男袨椤Ｓ纱丝膳袛喑鮼碚邥?dān)心他們對陌生文化的無知，故選上.Whentheforeignvisitorisimmersedinnewproblemshefindshardtocopewith,heismostlikelytofeel.uninsureddeprivedalienatedbaffledA.VD.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句可知，當(dāng)一個人初到一個國家，面臨很多問題時，初到者會感到離外國文化很遠(yuǎn)，故選C。十、PassageTwo(總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00)Fiveyearsago,DavidSmithworeanexpensivesuittoworkeveryday."Iwasaclothesaddict,"hejokes."IusedtocarryafreshsuittoworkwithmesoIcouldchangeifmyclothesgotwrinkled."TodayDavidwearscasualclothes一khakipantsandsportsshirt-totheoffice.Hehardlyeverwearsanecktie."I'mworkingharderthanever,"Davidsays,"andIneedtofeelcomfortable."MoreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualclothestoworkintheUnitedStates.Thechangefromformaltocasualofficewearhasbeengradual.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesallowedtheiremployeestowearcasualclothesonFriday(butonlyonFriday).Thisbecameknownas"dress-downFriday"of"casualFriday"."Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforemployeeshasreallybecomeaneverydaything."saidbusinessconsultantMaislyJones.Whyhavesomanycompaniesstartedallowingtheiremployeestowearcasualclothes?Onereasonisthatit'seasierforacompanytoattractnewemployeesifithasacasualdresscode."Alotofyoungpeopledon'twanttodressupforwork,"saystheownerofasoftwarecompany,"soit'shardtohirepeopleifyouhaveaconservativedresscode."Anotherreasonisthatpeopleseemhappierandmoreproductivewhentheyarewearingcomfortableclothes.InastudyconductedbyLeviStraussandCompany,85percentofemployerssaidthattheybelievethatcasualdressimprovesemployeemorale.Only4percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasanegativeimpactonproductivity.Supportersofcasualofficewearalsoarguethatacasualdresscodehelpsthemsavemoney."Suitsareexpensive,ifyouhavetowearoneeveryday,"onepersonsaid."Forthesameamountofmoney,youcanbuyalotmorecasualclothes.".DavidSmithreferstohimselfashavingbeen"aclothesaddict"because.A. he oftenworekhakipantsandasports shirtB. he couldn'tstandacleanappearanceC. he wantedhisclothestolookneatall thetimeD. he didn'twanttospendmuchmoneyonclothesA.B.C.VD.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。大衛(wèi)自嘲以前是服裝愛好者，衣服一起皺，他就得換上備穿的服裝。.DavidSmithwearscasualclothesnow,because.A.theymakehimfeelateasewhenworkingB.hecannotaffordtobuyexpensiveclothesC.helookshandsomeincasualclothesD.henolongerworksforanycompanyA.VB.C.D.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段末“Ineedtofeelcomfortable."可找到答案。.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse?A.Manyemployeesdon,tlikeaconservativedresscode.B.Comfortableclothesmakeemployeesmoreproductive.C.Acasualclothescodeiswelcomedbyyoungemployees.D.AlltheemployersintheU.S.areforcasualofficewear.A.B.C.D.V解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Only4percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasanegativeimpactonproductivity.”可知不是所有雇主都贊同穿便裝上班。.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A. Companyworkersstartedtodressdownabouttwentyyearsago.B. Dress-downhasbecomeaneverydayphenomenonsincetheearly 1990s.C. "Dress-downFriday"wasfirstgivenasafavorfromemployers.D. Manyworkerswanttowearcasualclothestoimpresspeople.A.B.C.VD.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段最后一句“Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforemployeeshasreallybecomeaneverydaything.”可以做出正確判斷。.Inthispassage,thefollowingadvantagesofcasualofficeweararementionedinthepassageexcept.A. savingemployees,moneyB. makingemployeesmoreattractiveC. improvingemployees,motivationD.makingemployeeshappierA.B.VC.D.解析：推理判斷題。通讀最后一段可知選項A（為雇員省錢）、C（提高雇員的工作熱情）、D（使雇員高興）在原文中均被提到，只有B未被提到。十一、PassageThree（總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople,sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople,shomes.Later,astransportimprovedfirstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople,sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylive.Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs..Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A. Employmentbecamewidespreadinthe17thand 18thcenturies.B. Unemploymentwillremaina majorproblemfor industrializednations.C. Theindustrialagemaynow becomingtoanend.D. Someeffortsandresources shouldbedevoted tohelpingmore peoplecopewiththeproblemofunemployment.A.B.C.D.V解析：主旨大意題。通過文章的開篇段和結(jié)尾段可以得知文章的主體意思，即應(yīng)該花些精力和財力來幫助更多的人解決失業(yè)問題。所以選D。.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtothespreadofemployment?A.Theenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies.B.Thedevelopmentoffactories.C.Relieffromhouseworkonthepartofwomen.D.Developmentofmodernmeansoftransportation.A.B.C.VD.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第四段中提到工作普及的三個原因，這段話中沒有提到C,婦女從家務(wù)勞動中解放出來不是就業(yè)普及的因素。所以選C。.It can beinferredfromthepassagethat.A. mostpeoplewhohavebeenpolledbelievethattheproblemof unemploymentmaynotbesolvedwithinashortperiodoftimeB. manyfarmerslosttheirlandwhennewrailwaysand factories werebeingconstructedC. inpreindustrialsocietieshouseworkandcommunity serviceweremainlycarriedoutbywomenD.someofthechangesinworkpatternthattheindustrialagebroughthavebeenreversedV解析：推理判斷題。見第三段第二句話，選項D中為havebeenreversed,因而排除選項D；根據(jù)第五段第二句，男女共同承擔(dān)勞動，可以排除C；根據(jù)第四段第一句話可以排除B；根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay”,選A。(4).Whatdoestheword"daunting"inthethirdparagraphmean?A. shockingB. interestingC. confusingD. stimulatingV解析：詞義推