2015屆鉆石卡學(xué)員專題訓(xùn)練課程講義英語一

二、難點(diǎn).................................................................................................................................三、考點(diǎn)突 四、實(shí) 2041、閱讀開局，把握；1分2、直奔句子，拆分結(jié)構(gòu)；303、確定詞義，分譯部分；1.54、調(diào)整語序，組合譯文；15、書寫譯文，檢查核對。11：(2012-46)Inphysicsoneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme,…例2：(2012-47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification,…3：(2012-48)filteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatisshared…4：distinctly…therearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostile…makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialScientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence 形容詞短 thesongspopularin介詞短 theloveinmy不定式短 theabilitytomodifythe分詞短 thecuteboywearingblue定語從 名詞+that/which/who/when/where/why等引導(dǎo)的從同位語從 抽象名詞+that/whether等引導(dǎo)的從1：(2008-46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.2(2012-49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality,identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages,whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints1以避免插入語句子結(jié)構(gòu)。例：Ittendstoignore,andthuseventuallytoeliminate,manyelementsinthelandcommunity…例：(2010-47)butwehaveatleastdrawnnearerthepointofadmittingthatbirdsshouldcontinuesurvivalasamatterofintrinsicright,regardlessofthepresenceorabsenceofeconomicadvantagetous.例：(2007-47)Ontheotheritlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthe1：(2007-48)Buttheidearestsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.2：(2008-46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.3：(2011-48)Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,andarationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.1、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis…that/who2、itItisobviousthatItisgenerallyrecognizedthatItisafactthatItoccurstomethatItstrikesmethatIthasturnedoutthatItiseasytoignorethatItispreferableforjournaliststodo21：(2009-47)Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregradually...2：(1998-75)Oddthoughitsounds,cosmicinflation3：Poweringthegreatongoingchangesofourtimeistheriseofhumancreativityasthedefiningfeatureofeconomiclife.

四、實(shí)2013Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegments YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10Itisspeculatedthatgardensarisefromabasicneedintheindividualswhomadethem:theneedforcreativeexpression.Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanirrepressibleurgetocreate,express,fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisabasichumanurge;(46)yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsofthegardencreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreativeexpression.Oneoftheseurgeshastodowithcreatingastateofpeaceinthemidstofturbulence,a“stillpointoftheturningworld,”toborrowaphrasefromT.S.Eliot.(47)Asacredceofpeace,howevercrudeitmaybe,isadistinctlyhumanneed,asopposedtoshelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.Thisdistinctionissomuchsothatwherethelatterislacking,asitisfortheseunlikelygardens,theformer esallthemoreurgent.Composureisastateofmindmadepossiblebythestructuringofone’srelationtoone’senvironment.(48)Thegardensofthehomeless,whichareineffecthomelessgardens,introduceformintoanurbanenvironmentwhereiteitherdidn’texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch.Insongtheygivecomposuretoasegmentoftheinarticulateenvironmentinwhichtheytaketheirstand.Anotherurgeorneedthatthesegardensappeartorespondto,ortoarisefrom,issointrinsicthatwearebarelyeverconsciousofitsabidingclaimsonus.Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofnts,oftrees,(49)mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichweusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,untilonedaywefindourselvesinagardenandfeeltheoppressionvanishasifbymagic.InmostofthehomelessgardensofNewYorkCitytheactualcultivationofntsisunfeasible,yetevensothecompositionsoftenseemtorepresentattemptstocallforththespiritofntandanimallife,ifonlysymbolically,throughaclumplikearrangementofmaterials,anintroductionofcolors,smallpoolsofwater,andafrequentpresenceofpetalsorleavesaswellasofstuffedanimals.Ondisyherearevariousfantasyelementswhosereference,atsomebasiclevel,seemstobethenaturalworld.(50)Itisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseofthewordgarden,thoughina“l(fā)iberated”sense,todescribethesesyntheticconstructions.Inthemwecanseebiophilia—ayearningforcontactwithnonhumanlife－assuminguncannyrepresentational2014ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoYourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10Musicmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeopleandsometimesevendifferentthingstothe atdifferentmomentsofhislife.Itmightbepoetic,philosophical, ,ormathematical,butinanycaseitmust,inmyview,havesomethingtodowiththesoulofthehumanbeing.Henceitismetaphysical;butthemeansofexpressionispurelyandexclusivelyphysical:sound.Ibelieveitispreciselythispermanentcoexistenceofmetaphysicalmessagethroughphysicalmeansthatisthestrengthofmusic.(46)Itisalsothereasonwhywhenwetrytodescribemusicwithwords,allwecandoisarticulateourreactionstoit,andnotgraspmusicBeethoven’simportanceinmusichasbeenprincipallydefinedbytherevolutionarynatureofhiscompositions.Hedmusicfromhithertoprevailingconventionsofharmonyandstructure.SometimesIfeelinhislateworksawilltobreakallsignsofcontinuity.Themusicisabruptandseeminglydisconnected,asinthelastpianosonata.Inmusicalexpression,hedidnotfeelrestrainedbytheweightofconvention.(47)Byallaccountshewasathinking andacourageousone,andIfindcourageanessentialqualityfortheunderstanding,letalonetheperformance,ofhisworks.Thiscourageousattitudeinfact esarequirementfortheperformersofBeethoven’smusic.Hiscompositionsdemandtheperformertoshowcourage,forexampleintheuseofdynamics.(48)Beethoven’shabitofincreasingthevolumewithanintenseintensityandthenabruptlyfollowingitwithasuddensoftpassagewasonlyrarelyusedbycomposersbeforehim.Beethovenwasadeeplypoliticalmaninthebroadestsenseoftheword.Hewasnotinterestedindailypolitics,butconcernedwithquestionsofmoralbehaviorandthelargerquestionsofrightandwrongaffectingtheentiresociety.(49)Especiallysignificantwashisviewofdom,which,forhim,wasassociatedwiththerightsandresponsibilitiesoftheindividual:headvocateddomofthoughtandof alexpression.Beethoven’smusictendstomovefromchaostoorderasiforderwereanimperativeofhumanexistence.Forhim,orderdoesnotresultfromforgettingorignoringthedisordersthatourexistence;orderisanecessarydevelopment,animprovementthatmayleadtotheGreekidealofspiritualelevation.ItisnotbychancethattheFuneralMarchisnotthelastmovementoftheEroicaSymphony,butthesecond,sothatsufferingdoesnothavethelast(50)OnecouldinterpretmuchoftheworkofBeethovenbysayingthatsufferingis4butthecouragetofightitrenderslifeworth事物：①事物信息介紹②特征③感謝：有求于人——禮貌謝/再次感歉意：禮貌道歉（eg.辭職）希望/期盼(通用)Isincerelyhopethat….Iamlookingforwardtoyour祝福（熟人1、YouareastudentofBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity.WriteanapplicationlettertogetascholarshipforyourgraduatestudyinauniversityinAmerica.6DearSirorIamapostgraduatestudentinBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity,andIwouldliketoapplyforascholarshipthatyouruniversityofferstostudentsfromothercountries.ImajorinmicroeconomicsandIhaveengagedinseveralnationalprojectswithmytutorandalsoenjoyanexcellentacademicperformanceinmyuniversity.Besides,Ioftenparticipateincampusactivities,suchascharitysales,ngvolunteerwork,takingEnglishspeechcontestandsoon.Alltheseactivitiescanpromotethegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeiteasyformetodevelopthekindofabilitiesthatwillbeneededformyfurtherstudy.Iwishtofurtherstudyinyouruniversityforamasterdegree,asyouruniversityiswell-knowninthisfield.Butmyfamilycannotaffordthetuitionfeethere,soascholarshipisdistinctlyimportantforme.Enclosedintheenvelopearemyresumeandscorereports.Iappreciatealotandlookforwardtoyourfavorablereply.2、

LiAspartofastudentsocialsurveyproject,youareorganizingagroupofpupilstovisitahistoricalexhibitioninyourcity.Writealettertotheorganizeroftheexhibition,askingfornecessaryinformationregardingtheexhibition.DearSirorIamaseniorcollegestudentandntoorganizeagroupofstudentstovisitthehistoricalexhibitiontobeheld.IwouldliketoinquireaboutsomeinformationregardingtheFirst,whatisthedateoftheexhibitionandwhenwilltheexhibitionstartandendonthatday?Secondly,Ihopethepupilscanhaveagoodunderstandingofthehistory,soIwonderifthereareanyvisitingguidesforgroupvisiting.Thirdly,Iwouldalsoliketoknowifthereisanydiscountavailableonentranceticketsforstudents.Iappreciatealotandlookforwardtoyourfavorable3、

LiAspartofastudentsocialsurveyproject,youasamonitorareorganizingyourclasstovisitahistoricalexhibitioninyourcity.Writealettertoyourclassmates,informingthemofnecessaryinformationregardingtheexhibitionandencouragingthemtoparticipate.DearInordertofinishoursocialsurveyproject,IamgoingtoorganizeavisittothehistoricalexhibitiontobeheldonJanuary1st.Theexhibitionwillstartat9inthemorning.Sowewillgatherat7:30atourschoolgate.Andwewillbebackat5intheafternoon.Besides,thereisa50%discountfortheentranceticketsforcollegestudents.Thisexhibitionisnotonlyanecessarypartofoursocialsurvey,butitcanalsoenableustogainamoreprofoundunderstandingofhistory.SoIsincerelyhopeallofyouwouldnotmissit.Donotforgetthedateanddonotbelateforourgathering4、

LiInordertocelebratetheMid-AutumnDayinSeptember,yourclassisgoingtoholdacelebrationintheeveningofthatday.Supposingyouarethemonitoroftheclass,writealettertotheforeignstudentsinyouruniversitytoinvitethemtoattendtheexintothemthemeaningandcustomoftheMid-AutumnDay,andlthemsomedetailsoftheDearOnbehalfofClass301,IwarmlyinviteyoutoattendtheMid-Autumnfestivalcelebrationtobeheldontheygroundfrom6:30pm.to10:30pm.onSeptember20th.TheMid-AutumnDay,fallingonthe15thofAugustinthe lunarcalendar,isa holidayforfamilymembersandlovedonestogathertogether.Asidefromenjoyingthegloriousfullmoon, peoplewillalsoeatfestival-mooncakes.Ourclassdecidestoholdthiscelebrationtomakeeveryonefeeltheloveandfriendshiponthisspecialday.Theactivitiesinthecelebrationwillincluderecitingancient poemsaswellasguessinglanternriddles.Wesincerelyhopeyouwouldjoinustoenjoythisspecial5、Directions:YourfriendaskedyouforsomeadviceonsuccessfulDear

LiYouaskedmeforsomeadviceonhowtoprepareforasuccessfulinterviewandIwilltrytooffersomeusefulsuggestions.Firstofall,collectalltheinformationyoucanabout beforeyougotointerview.Secondly,practiceyouranswerstocommonquestionsandmakealistofquestionstoask,too.Thiswillmakeyoufeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed.Thirdly,trytomakethebestimpression:arriveearly,dressappropriay,sellyourstrengths,beenthusiastic,beanactivelistener,situpstraightandmaintaineyecontact.Finally,donotforgettosay“Thankyou”aftertheinterview.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Good6、

SincerelyLiSupposeyouareLiMingandyoufindthatmostofyourclassmateswillhavesomepsychologicalproblemsbeforeexams.Writeantoyourclassmates,offeringnecessaryadvicetothoseclassmates.DearmyfellowThefinalexaminationiscomingandIfindthatmostofyouaretroubledbysomepsychologicalproblems,suchasanxiety.Somewillfeeldizzyortired,somewillsufferfromlosingsleep,andsomewilllosetheirappetite.SoIamwritingtooffersomeadviceforyoutogetridofthem.Firstofall,it’simportantforustohavearightattitudetowardsexams.Theyareonlyameansoftestinghowwellwedowithourstudies,sothereisnoneedtoworrytoomuchabouttheresult.Juststudyhardeverydayandmakecarefulnsforeveryexam.Besides,enoughsleepcanmakeusenergeticandenableustoperformwellinanexam.Therefore,duringtheperiodofexams,weshouldnotstayuptoolate.Wecanalsotryawarmbathoracupofwarmmilkbeforegoingtobed.Theymighthelpustohaveasoundsleep.Also,we’dbettergooutforawalkordosomeoutdoorexercisesbeforeanexamsothatwecankeepourselvesrelaxedandthenconcentrateourselvesonexams.Isincerelyhopeallofyoucouldfindmysuggestionshelpfulandobtainasatisfyingresultinthisfinalexam.SincerelyLi93—440—505—880—1002—340—50模板一：①Asisdepictedinthepicture,整體描述.Themoststrikingofthesceneis細(xì)節(jié)描述模板二：①Depictedinthepictureis/are整體描述.Ascanbeseen,細(xì)節(jié)描述①Presentedinthetwopicturesis/are 整體描述.②Inthefirstdrawing,第一幅圖畫細(xì)節(jié)描述.③Incontrast,(Similarly,)第二幅圖畫細(xì)節(jié)描述.④Weareinformedthat文字說明.1：Thereisnodoubtthatitssymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedshouldbegivenadeep寫法2Eg.2007年Thereisnodoubtthatthetwoyersarelackof3：翻譯中文提示句，就圖寫圖Eg.2003年溫室的花朵經(jīng)不起風(fēng)雨Obviously,justasthewordsread,theflowersundertheprotectionofthegreenhousecannotwithstandthewindandstormoutside.首段示例（2005年①Depictedinthepictureisaspecialfootballmatchheldbyfourchildrenandtheirold②Eachofthefourchildrenarekeetheirgoalsandtheeldestsoniskickingoutthefather,whohuddlesuphelplesslylikeaball.③Thereisnodoubtthatthefourchildrenareunwillingtosupporttheiragedfather.①Wearesupposedtoceourattentionontheimpliedmeaningofthecartoon—詞.②Whydoesthisphenomenonappear?Possiblythereareseveralreasonsaccountingforthis.③Firstandforemost,原因一.Furthermore,原因二.Lastbutnotleast,原因三.①Withoutanydoubt,thepurposeofthecartoonistoshowusthatweshould句.②Itssignificanceisfar-reaching.③Firstandforemost,itisuniversallyheldthat積極意義一.Moreover,weallshareanideathat積極意義二.Lastbutnotleast,accordingtosomeresearchfindings,積極意義三.①Thepictureisfairlythought-provoking,whichisintendedtoconveythat句.②Thismightresultinsomenegative/positiveinfluenceonbothindividualsandthesociety.③Judged al,優(yōu)/劣勢一.Fromthesocialstandingpoint,優(yōu)/劣勢二.拓展方式：舉例說明、論1、舉例說明(supportyourviewwithan①Forexample,//For②Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthefollowingone(s).Eg.2007(confidence)Forexample,whenwestandonastagetoperform,orwhenwegiveaspeechinthelecturehall,weallwillbenervous,butifweareconfident,wewould ethenegativefeeling.2、數(shù)據(jù)①Accordingtotherecentsurvey/data/figure/statistics/studyby AcademySocial②SurveysconductedbyawebsiteconcernedhaveshownthatEg.AccordingtotherecentsurveybytheMinistryofEducation，lastyear45%ofcollegestudentssatforthenationalentranceexaminationforgraduates,increasingby3%.①Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,itisurgenttotakesomeimmediateandeffectivemeasurestosolvethisproblem.②Inthefirstce,weourselvesshouldenhancetheawarenessof….Inthesecond,morerulesshouldbemadeandcarriedoutbytheernmenttorestrain/encourage….③Shouldallthesebedone,wewould….Inconclusion,askedabouttheattitudetowards+主題詞，Iamconvincedthatthespirit/quality/qualificationexertsafavorableinfluencenotonlyonindividualsbutalsoonoursociety.Besides,itisalsoelevatingtoourpresentandmoreimportantlytoourfuture.Asacollegestudent,Iwillinmydailylifeandalsodeliverittopeoplearound.Watershortageisstillaseriousproblemthreateningtheexistenceandsurvivalofthewholehumanbeing.Yetthephenomenonofwastingwater(Sothegoodpracticeofsavingwater)canstilleasilybefoundanywhereinourdailylife.Forexample,watertapsarefrequentlyleftonbycarelessusers(weareincreasinglyawareofturningoffwatertapsbeforeleaving).Waterresourceisindispensablenotonlyinourdailylifebutalsointheindustryandagriculture.Andwateristhewealthofthewholemankind,anditisdifficulttoimaginewhattheworldwouldbelikewhenthereisnomorewater.Eventhoughanincreasingnumberofpeoplehave eawareofsavingresources,furthermeasuresstillneedtobetaken.Onthemacrolevel,thewholeworldshouldmakeajointefforttofightagainstthewasteofwater.Onthemicrolevel,publicizingactivitiesincommunities,schools,andenterprisesshouldbeorganized.Tostorewatermeanstostorehappinessandonlybysavingwatercanwesaveabetterlifeforouroffspring.Theterm“l(fā)owcarbonlife”referstoreducingtheemissionofcarbon,especiallycarbondioxide,protectingourenvironmentandrealizingsustainabledevelopment.Accordingtostatistics,ifwecandecreasethetimeforhavingtheevisiononbyonehoureachday,wecandeducetheamountofcarbonemissionby4.71kilogramperToserveasresponsiblecitizensofthenet,wemustpromoteandpopularizeacarbonlifeamongthepublicfromeverydetailinourdailyWemustchangethepastpracticeofsacrificinglong-termenvironmentalhealthforshort-termrapideconomicdevelopment,andshifttodevelogreeneconomy,circulareconomyandlowcarboneconomy.Publictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways,whicharelow-carbontransportationmeans,shouldbeencouragedandpromotedsothatwecanhaveasmoothtransportation.Taxesleviedonthesalesofprivatecarsshouldberaisedsoastorestrictprivatecarownershiprate.Alltheseeffectivemeasurescanhelpustoreachharmonybetweendevelopmentofthesocietyandhealthofthenature. Scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductive sandhavebeenyingakeyroleinthenationaleconomydevelopment.ProgressinscienceandtechnologyhaspromotedeconomicandsocialprogressWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,suchasthehigh-speedtransportation, meeting,theworldhasbeendrawnnearer.Scienceandtechnologyhavetransformedthewayofourlifeandareofgreatbenefittooursociety. munication,suchastheInternet,enablepeopletosendinformationtoadistantceinstantly.Mankindmayenjoyalltheconveniencesoflifebroughtbytechnology.Yettheydonotfeelanyhappierorwise